ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืžื’ื“ ื™ืจื—ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ืœืช ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื•ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื•ื™ืขื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื•ืช 75 ืฉื ื” ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ. ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™-ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ" ื’ื ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜. ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืื•ืจ ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจื‘. ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ืงืฆืจื” ื”ื™ืจื™ืขื” ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื”ื™ืงืคื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ื ื ืกื” ืœื”ืœืŸ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื•.

ืฉืืœืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ" ืœืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช ื™ื•ื ืงืช ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื˜ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”. ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื”ื” ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื›ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ("ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ"). ื”ืื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื—ืก ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื’ื ืœืชืงื•ืคืชื ื•, ื‘ื” ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉื˜ื—ื™ืช ื ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™? ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื ื™ื” ืžื–ื”ื” ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื›ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช-ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื™ืช, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื• ืฉืคืขืœื• ืžืชื•ืš ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ. ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื”ื” ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื™ืžื“ ืฉืœ "ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื, ืืจืฆื™ ื•ืžืขืฉื™, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขื™ื™ื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื", ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื ืคืœืื•ืช (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืœืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ").

ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืฉืืœืช ื”ื—ืœืช ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ" ืขืœ ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ืคื•ืชื— ืžืกืคืจ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช: ื) ื”ืจื‘ ืจืื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ ื“ื•ืจื• ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื—ื–ืงื ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืคืชื— ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ื™ืฉื•ืขื”, ื‘) ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”"ืขื" ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืœืš ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื›ื•ืœื•, ื’) ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื ืคืฉื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืื•ืœื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื” ื•ืžืกืชื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื“) ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช ืžืœืžื“ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืจื•ื‘ื“ "ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™" ื•ืจื•ื‘ื“ "ืคื ื™ืžื™". ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ื“ืขืชื™ืช ืžืœืžื“ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื ื™ืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ื“ืขืชื ื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”) ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื• ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื• ืขืœ ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืœืขื•ืžืง ื ืฉืžืช ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืจืื™ื™ืช ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื–ื•ืจื— ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืื ืื™ื ื ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ื” (ืจืื” ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื˜ืื•, "ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืืžื•ื ืชื•").
ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื "ืœ ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ"?
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช. ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื“ื•ืจ" ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืชื•ืคืขื” ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืืœื ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื ื•. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง ืจื•ืื™ื ืื ื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ "ื‘ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ".
ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื• ื‘"ืงืฆื™ืจ ื”ืื•ืžืจ" ื”ื•ื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืื•ืจ ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจื‘. ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ืจืื”, ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื™, ื›ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืจื‘ื“ื™ื” ื•ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ืžืฉื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ "ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœื ืชื—ื“ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืืจื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ืืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืืจื” ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื”ืงืฉื‘ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ืื™ื ื ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช" (ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืขืž' 414). ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืจืชื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืชื ื•ืคื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืžืฉื ืชื•.
ืฉื ื™ืช, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื. "ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ืขื“ื ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื™ืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื”, ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื... ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื•ื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืฉื”ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืื” ืœื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื ืฉืžืชื•, ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื” ืœื• ืฆืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขืžื•ืง, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื• ื“ืจืš ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช" (ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืขืž' 234).
ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ื“ ืืช ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื—ืจืฃ ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช, ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื: "ื ืชื•ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืฉ ืืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™, ืœื ื‘ืฉื ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ ื•ืžื—ื ืชื™. ื ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืชืงืŸ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืžื–ื”" (ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืขืž' 76).
ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืงืฆืจื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ืืคืชื— ื‘ื ื™ืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช. ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื ื™ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื“ืชื™. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืœื™ืžื“ืชื™ ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืขื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื™, ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืงืœื™"ื” ื•ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•. ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขื ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ืืžืช ืžืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื ืื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ื›ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืชื™. ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื• ืœื ื”ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืื• ืžืขืฉื™ ืืฆืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื”ืื ื›ื“ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืืžืฅ ื•ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื”. ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืœื™ืžื™ื, ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืœื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืชืชืคื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื• ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ืฉืขืชื• ืชืžืš ื‘ื”ื ื•ืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ. ืฉื ื™ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื• ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื, ืœืขื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื™, ืœืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช.

ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื•ืžืคืขืœื•ืชื™ื”. ืืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืงืฆืจื” ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืขืงื™ืจืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื™ืžื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืž"ื‘ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฆื•ืงืจืžืŸ: "ืื ืชื™ื“ืžื” ืœื ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื“ืจืš ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืืœ ื ื™ื‘ื”ืœ. ืจืง ื”ื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื. ืจืง ื”ืื—ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงื• ื”ืืจื•ืš (ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—) ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœ" (ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ "ื ืงื•ื“ื”", ืžืก' 43, ืชืฉืž"ื‘). ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื“ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช, ืฉืจืืชื” ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ื™ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืฉืจืืชื” ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื™ืขื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™. ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉืขืชื•: "ืœื™ื™ืกื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื" ื‘ืœื™ ืœื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื•ื• ืืช ืชืฉืชื™ืชื” ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงื•ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ "ื ืงื•ื“ื”", ืžืก' 35, ืชืฉืž"ื‘).
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงื•ืง ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื”ืื ื–ื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืื•ืชื” ื—ื–ื• ื ื‘ื™ืื ื•? ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™: ื–ื• ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื—ื–ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื! ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื ื‘ื™ืื ื• ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• - ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื”ื - ืืžืจื• ืฉื›ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”... ืชืงื•ืžื” ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืขืฆืžืื™. ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื" (ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื™"ื˜ ืœืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ).

ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช, ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื™ืฉื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืชื•ืกื›ืœืช ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชื ืคืฆื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช, ื›ืชื‘ "ื™ืฉ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืืชื ื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื›ื•ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื—ื ื•... ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื ืจืงืžืช ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื ืืกืคืช ื•ื ืฆื‘ืจืช ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืจื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื" (ื ืงื•ื“ื”, ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืก' 128, ืชืฉืž"ื˜).
ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืจื‘ืช ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื”ื. ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ืจื•ื"ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื ืชื• ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืื ื•, ืชื™ืื•ืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื”.

"ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืขื•ืฃ ื”ืจื—ื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื•. ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ื—ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื™ื’ื™ื ืฉื”ืคืœื™ื’ื• ืืœ ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ื˜ื•ืคื™ื”. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื - ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ืจืฆืœ ื‘"ืืœื˜ื ื•ื™ืœื ื“" - ื”ื’ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื• ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื• ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื˜ืจื— ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืžื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ"
(ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื‘ื ืจื™, ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื›ืจื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜, ืขืž' 419).
ืื ื•, ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื•, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื.
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il