ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืคืกื—
  • ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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10 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ืช ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื”ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื’ืœ
ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืžืชืžืœืืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžืจื—ื•ืง ื•ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืœืกืคืง ืœื”ื ืžื™ื, ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืœื™ื ื”, ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืขืœื™ื” ื–ื•, ื”ื™ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื• ืืฆืœื ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ, (ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื ื“ื‘ื”, ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ ื•ื›ื“ื•'). ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœืงืจืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ืžืกื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.
ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื—ื’, ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื˜ืžื, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจ, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, (ื‘ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืœืคื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” โ€“ ืืคืจ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื”/ ืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืขื”/ ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื”/ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”).

ื”ื”ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—
ืœืงืจืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืœืขืฆืžื• 'ื—ื‘ื•ืจื”' ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžื•ื, ื•ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืœืฉื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—. ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืฉ ืื• ื’ื“ื™ ืขื™ื–ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื’ื™ืœื• ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœืฉื ื” , ื•ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืื›ื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ื ืœื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื” ื’ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื’ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ืฉ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”, ื•ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื—ืฉื‘ 'ื›ืœื™ ืฉืจืช'.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืงื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื - ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”ืžื•ืงืจื‘ืช ืขื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—, ืœืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื” ื•ืœืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืงืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื’ ืขืฆืžื•.

ื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ
ืžืœื‘ื“ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ('ื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ'). ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืจืง ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช. ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”ื™ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืžื™ื, ื•ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฉืœืžื™ื โ€“ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืฆืืŸ ืื• ื‘ืงืจ, ื–ื›ืจ ืื• ื ืงื‘ื”. ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžืฆืจืฃ ื ืกื›ื™ื ื•ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœื™ื•. ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื ื›ืฉืœืžื™ื (ืฉืชื™ ืžืชื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืืจื‘ืข), ื•ืžื ื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืง. ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื”, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช - ื™"ื ืฉืืช ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืฉื•ื—ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื, (ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืขื” ืฉืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช), ืืš ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื–ืžื ื” ื”ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื™"ื ืฉืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ืคืกื—, ื•ื™"ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
ื™ืฉ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคืกื—, ื•ื‘ืื” ืจืง ืžื›ื‘ืฉ ืื• ืขื– ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื ื”, ื•ื ืื›ืœืช ืจืง ืœืžื™ ืฉื ืžื ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช.

ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— โ€“ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื” ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช
ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘'ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื' โ€“ ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื“, ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืชื• (ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉื—ื˜ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื•ืงืจื‘ ืฉืขื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ).
ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืชื•, ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื - ืฉืœื•ืฉ 'ื›ื™ืชื•ืช'. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืื ืฉื™ ื”'ื›ืช' ืœืขื–ืจื”, ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ืืช ื“ืœืชื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื›ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื”. ื”ืฉื•ื—ื˜ ืžื‘ืจืš - "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคืกื—" ืื• "ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ื”ืคืกื—", ื•ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื’ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•", ื•ืฉื•ื—ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ. ืœื™ื“ื• ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื›ืœื™ ืฉืจืช ื”ื ืงืจื โ€“ 'ืžื–ืจืง', ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืจืš: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื“ื", ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ืจื™ืงืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—.
ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื ืขืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—, (ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื‘ื”ื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœืงืจืงืข, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื”ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื™ืชืœื›ืœื›ื• ืžื”ื“ื ืฉืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื”), ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื–ืจืงื™ื ืžื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ื. ื›ืœ ืฉื•ืจื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืกื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื–ืจืงื™ื ืื• ืžื›ืกืฃ ืื• ืžื–ื”ื‘, ื•ื”ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื–ืจืง ืžืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžื–ื‘ื—. ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ื“ื ืฉื‘ืžื–ืจืง ืขืœ ืงื™ืจ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”'ื™ืกื•ื“'. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืคื™ื›ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžื–ืจืง ื”ืจื™ืง, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ื”ื ื™ื.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื” ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื (ื•ื™"ื ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื”ืŸ) ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืžืขื˜ ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ื“ื, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืจืš: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืฉืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื“ื" (ืื• ื ื•ืกื— ื“ื•ืžื”).
ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื‘ื ื’ื™ื ื”. ื‘ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื”ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืช ื•ื›ืช, ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช โ€“ ืชืงื™ืขื” ืชืจื•ืขื” ื•ืชืงื™ืขื”, ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื, ืžื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืœื™ื, ื•ื™"ื ืฉืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. ืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœื™ืœื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ, ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ืคืจืง ืฉืœ ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืกื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืคื”. ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ื•ื”ืชืงื™ืขื•ืช ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืขื“ ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™"ื ืฉืขื“ ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืงื˜ืจื”. ื™"ื ืฉืชื•ืงืขื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืช, ืืš ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ืœืงื™ื ื•ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื.
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”, ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืื• ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืžืคืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืขื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืžืกืžืจื™ ื‘ืจื–ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจื”, ื•ืžืคืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืขื•ืจื• ืขื“ ื”ื—ื–ื”, (ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืกืžืจ ืคื ื•ื™, ืžื ื™ื— ืžืงืœ ืขืœ ื›ืชื™ืคื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืชืฃ ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ื•ืชื•ืœื” ืขืœื™ื•). ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจืข ืืช ื‘ื˜ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื—ื•ืชืš ืืช ืงืจื‘ื™ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ, ื•ืื– ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื (ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘, ื™ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื›ื‘ื“, ืฉืชื™ ื”ื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœื‘ ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ื‘ืฉ ื’ื ื”ืืœื™ื”) ืœืชื•ืš ื›ืœื™. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ื™ื ืœื”ืคืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ. ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ืขื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ืœืžื–ื‘ื—, ืžื•ืœื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ืžื›ืœ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ืจืš: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื" ื•ืžืงื˜ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื™ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—.
ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขื™ืŸ 'ืฉืง' ืžื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืคืฉื˜ ืžื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืœืชื•ื›ื• ืืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืฉืœื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืคืฉื™ืœ ืืช ื”'ืฉืง' ืœืื—ื•ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื•, ื•ื™ื•ืฆื ืขื™ืžื• ืžื”ืขื–ืจื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฆืœื•ืชื•.
ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ืช ืœืฆืืช, ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื–ืจื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื ืงื•ืชื” ืžื”ื“ื ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”.

ืฆืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ
ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืฆื•ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื—ื•ืชื›ื™ื ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื•ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืขื™ื•, ืžื ืงืจื™ื ืžื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘, ื•ื™"ื ืฉื’ื ืืช ื’ื™ื“ ื”ื ืฉื”, ื•ืื– ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ื“ ื•ืžืฉื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืชื•ื›ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืคื™ื• ื•ื™ืฆื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื•, ื•ืชื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ื“ื• ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืขื™ื•. ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžืขืฅ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ื—ื•ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืœื˜ ื ื•ื–ืœื™ื. ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ืชื ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืฉ, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื’ืข ื‘ื“ืคื ื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืฆื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืื›ืœ ืื“ื, ืืš ื ื–ื”ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื™ื—ืจืš ืžื”ืืฉ.

ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ
ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื’ื ืืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื—. ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”'ืžื’ื™ื“' ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœื ื•ืกื— 'ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื”' ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื”: "ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื”... ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืจ ืฆืœื™ ืฉืœื•ืง ื•ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœ ื•ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœื• ืฆืœื™". ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ื‘ื“ืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช 'ืžื’ื™ื“', ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื—: "ื•ื”ื’ื“ืช ืœื‘ื ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžืจืืฉ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื, ืื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื, ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื”, ืœื ืืžืจืชื™ ืืœื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉ ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ืš". ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืคืกื— ื–ื” ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ืฉืคืกื— ื”ืžืงื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื...". ื•ื‘ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ 'ืืจืžื™ ืื•ื‘ื“ ืื‘ื™', ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืื ื• ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”". ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”'ืžื’ื™ื“', ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืืฉืจ ื’ืืœื ื•, ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ืคืกื—: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ื’ืืœื ื• ื•ื’ืืœ ืืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืขื ื• ืœืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื• ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื", ื•ืœื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• โ€“ "ื›ืŸ ื”'... ื™ื‘ื™ืื ื• ืœืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืœืจื’ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื... ื‘ื"ื” ื’ืืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ".
ืื›ื™ืœืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—, ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”'ืžื’ื™ื“'. ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช, ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ 'ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื', ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื”ืŸ ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื... ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ืŸ" ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ื™ื—ื“. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื–ื‘ื—, ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืชื’ืจื•ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ (ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื— ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ 'ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืข'). ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื—" [ื•ื™"ื "ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื—" ื•ื™"ื "ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคืกื—ื™ื"], ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—. [ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ื’ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื— ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืœืื•ื›ืœื ื™ื—ื“].
ืœืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ืžืฆื”, ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื ืื›ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืืžื™ืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ื•ื”ื”ืœืœ.
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืชื•ื ืืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืืกื•ืจ ืœื˜ืขื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืื›ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฆื” ื•ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื ืื›ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉึนื‘ืขื™ื, ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืœ'ืืคื™ืงื•ืžืŸ', [ื•ื™"ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื™ืชื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืฆื”].
ื’ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ืื ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืฉืœื‘ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช. ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ.
ืืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉืช. ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื™ื—ื“ ืื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช. ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืื›ืœ ื‘ื•, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื—. [ื™"ื ืฉื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ืงื•ืžื•ืช, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ].
ื™ืฉ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืขื“ ืœื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœื ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืขืฆืžื•ืช.

ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืคืกื—
ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืžื™ืžื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจ, ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืขืฉืจื” ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื” โ€“ ืฉื ื™ ืคืจื™ื, ืื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืจ ื—ื˜ืืช ืื—ื“.
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืกื•ืœืช ื•ืฉืžืŸ ืœืžื ื—ื•ืช ื•ื ืกื›ื™ื [ืœื›ืœ ืคืจ ืžืฆืจืคื™ื ืกื•ืœืช ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉืจื•ื ื™ื (ื›ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืœื™ื˜ืจ, ื•ื™"ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืœื™ื˜ืจ), ื•ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื”ื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืคืจ (ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืœื™ื˜ืจ ื•ื™"ื ืžืขืœ ื—ืฆื™ ืœื™ื˜ืจ). ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืœ ืžืฆืจืคื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื•ืœืช ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ. ืœื›ืœ ื›ื‘ืฉ ืžืฆืจืคื™ื ืขืฉืจื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจื‘ืข ื”ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ].
ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉืจืช, ื•ืื– ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืื—ืจ, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช, ื™ื•ืฆืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžืŸ ื•ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืขื ื”ืฉืžืŸ. ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืจืช, ื•ื™ื•ืฆืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืžื”ืฉืžืŸ. ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืœื—, ื•ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืžืŸ ื•ืžื ืกื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืกืคืœ ืฉื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—.
ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืืช, ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืชื•ืจื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื• ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืžื ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ื›ืœื™ ื ื’ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื ื’ื™ื ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื—ืœื™ืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. [ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ื ื’ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืกื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืคื”, (ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื ื’ื™ื ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคืกื—)].

ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืจืื™ื™ื”, ื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื”
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื’, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. [ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื•" (ืื• ื ื•ืกื— ื“ื•ืžื”)].
ื‘ืฉืขืช ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœืขื–ืจื” ื”ืื“ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื™ืžื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืขื•ืœึทื” โ€“ 'ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื”' [ืฉืฉื•ื•ื™ื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขื” ื›ืกืฃ (0.7 ื’ืจื ื›ืกืฃ ืฆืจื•ืฃ)]. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ื’ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืžื™ื โ€“ 'ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื”', [ืฉืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ื›ืกืฃ]. ื”ืื“ื ืกื•ืžืš ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืจืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื— ืœื‘ื•ืจื, ื•ื ื•ืชื ื ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ืœื”'. ืœืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืกื•ืœืช, ืฉืžืŸ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื“ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ื•ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืขื–ืจื”, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืจื’ืœ, ื”ื™ื ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉืืœื™ื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืจืง ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืก, ื•ืž"ืž ื”ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืขื–ืจื” ื ืขืžื“ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื›ืœ ื•ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœ ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื™ื, ื”ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื•ื—. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืขื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘.
ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื–ืจื”, ืžื’ื‘ื™ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืžืจืื™ื ืœื”ื ืืช ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื›ืช ื•ืžืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืงื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”, ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื: "ืจืื• ื—ื™ื‘ืชื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื", ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื ืก ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ื ืฉืืจ ื—ื ืขื“ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืœืงื—, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื— ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ื•ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื•ื‘ืงื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ืืœื™ื ื•. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืชื•.
ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”'ืฉืžื—ื”'. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ื ืขื™ืžื• ื’ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืžื— ืืช ื”ืื“ื. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืžื” ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื’ื ืœื ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืžื— ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืขืœื” ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื” ื™ืชืŸ ืœื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืืžื ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืžื— ืื•ืชื”, ืืš ืœื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ.
ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืœืžื—ืจืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืชื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื— ืขื“ ืœื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื•. ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืงืจื™ื‘.

ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืฉื“ื” ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืฉ, ื•ืฉืœื ื ื–ืจืข ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”, ื•ื–ื•ืจืขื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืฉึดื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืกื—. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื’, ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื“ื”, ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื•ืช ืฉื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ืคื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ื, ื•ืื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœึฐืขื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงืจืงืข, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื— ืœืงื•ืฆืจื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื–ื”, ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื•ึนื•ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉื“ื” ื•ืœืงื•ืฆืจื™ื.
ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื—, ืžืชื›ื ืกื™ื ื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืขื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืงืฆื™ืจื”. ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืจื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื›ื” ื ืขืžื“ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ืฉ ืžื’ืœ ืœืงืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ื•ืงื•ืคื” ืœืื™ืกื•ืคื. ื‘ืจื“ืช ื”ื—ืฉื›ื”, ืฉื•ืืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืงื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœืฉ ืฉืืœื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืฉืืœื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ื ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื• - "ื”ืŸ": "ื‘ื ื”ืฉืžืฉ?" - "ื”ืŸ", "ืžื’ืœ ื–ื”?" - "ื”ืŸ", "ืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•?" - "ื”ืŸ". ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ "ืืงืฆื•ืจ?", ื•ื”ื ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื• โ€“ "ืงืฆื•ืจ". ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื•, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืฆื•ืจ ืžื™ื“.
ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืงื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืงื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœืฉ ืกืื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื (ื› - 25 ืœื™ื˜ืจ, ื•ื™"ื ื› - 45 ืœื™ื˜ืจ), ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื‘ื™ื”ืž"ืง. ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืž'ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ืœืฉื›ื”' (ื›ืกืคื™ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืื•) ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉืขื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืื– ื—ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงืœื•ืช ืจื›ื™ื (ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืžืขื›ื•) ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื‘ื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืžื”ืœื›ืœื•ืš, ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืชื•ืš ื›ืœื™ ืžื ื•ืงื‘ ('ืื‘ื•ื‘'), ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืืฉ. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืœื™ื™ื”, ืฉื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื—, ื•ืื– ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžื™ื, ืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืžื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื˜ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ืกื”.
ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ื ืช ืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืกื•ืœืช ื ืงื™ื™ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืกื•ื‘ื™ืŸ' ืื• ืคืจื•ืจื™ ืงืžื—. ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš, ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืœืชื•ืš ื ืคื” ื‘ืขืœืช ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื•ืžื ืคึผื™ื ืืช ืคืจื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืžื— ืžื”ืกื•ืœืช, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืฉื‘ื ืคื”, ืœืชื•ืš ื ืคื” ืขื‘ื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื ืคื”, ื•ื’ืจื’ื™ืจื™ ื”ืกื•ืœืช ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืœืžื˜ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ืจื’ื™ืจื™ื ืœื ืคื” ื“ืงื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืคืจื•ืจื™ ืงืžื— ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืžืฉื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืคื” ืขื‘ื”, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืขื“ ืฉื’ื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืคื•ืช ืฉืœืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ื” ื“ืงื”, (ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™"ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ื•ืœืงื—ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—). ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืขืฉืจื•ืŸ (ื›2.5 ืœื™ื˜ืจ, ื•ื™"ื ืžืขืœ 4 ืœื™ื˜ืจ) ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื•ืงืจ.
ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื˜"ื– ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ, ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ืœืช ืขื ืœื•ื’ ืฉืžืŸ (ื›-350 ืกืž"ืง ื•ื™"ื 600 ืกืž"ืง), ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืงื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ื”, ื•ืžื ื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืขื–ืจื” (ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื, ืฆื“ ืžื–ืจื—) โ€“ ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืื—ื•ืจื”, ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืœืžื˜ื”. ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืœื ืœืžื–ื‘ื—, ื•ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉื‘ืฉืžืืœ ื”ืขื–ืจื” (ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื“ืจื•ืžื™ืช).
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื, ืงื•ืžืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื—ื”, ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืžืฅ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉืจืช. ืื•ืกืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื‘ื•ื ื” ืžื”ืžื ื—ื” ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืžืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืžืฅ, ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืžืœื—, ื•ืžืงื˜ื™ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—. ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื. ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœื” ืžื™ื ืคื•ืฉืจื™ื, ืœืฉื™ื ื•ืื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืชื ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจื”, ื•ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื. ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื–ืจื” ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”.
ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื›ื‘ืฉ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ืžืฆืจืคื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืขืฉืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื•ืœืช (ื›5 ืœื™ื˜ืจ, ื•ื™"ื ื›8.5), ื•ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ, ื•ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื ืกื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืœ ืฉื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ืŸ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ืชื ื•

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•" ื•ื”ื—ืœืชื” ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื” ืœื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจ"ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš" ื•ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื", ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืื•ื ืก ื ืขืจื”, ื•ืžื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืชืขืฉื”" ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื•ืฆืืช-ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช โ€“ ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื

    ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ืช? ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืคืจื”? ื•ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื’ืœ?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    5 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื—ื•ืงืช - ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืœื•ื— ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    47 ื“ืง'
    ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘"ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืจ ?

    ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•.

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื ืชื— ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•) ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื™ ื—ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื ื›ืกื™ื•. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืคืœืจ), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื’ื“ืจื™ ืžื”ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื‘ืจืื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื™ืชื—ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’ | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืงืจื—

    ืงื•ืจื— - ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงื•ืจื—, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    37 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื”

    ืคืกืงื” ืœ' - ืœ"ื

    ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” | ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช | ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ | ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ | ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืฉืœืืจ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช |ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ืœืœืื•ื.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    51 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”

    ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘

    ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘''ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘''ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘. ื”ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ื“ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ | ื›"ื˜ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค''ื•
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    1:02
    ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื

    ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื” - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”

    ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช | ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ | ืžืชืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืœื• ืœื | ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ | ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” | ืžืฆื™ืœ ืขืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืขืฉืงื• | ืคืชื— ืคื™ืš ืœืื™ืœื

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    38 ื“ืง'
    ืžืœื›ื™ื - ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™

    ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

    ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘' ืคืจืง ื›"ื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื›"ื‘ - ืœ'

    ืœืžื” ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื›ื™ืŸ? ื•ืžื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ืงื? ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ - ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื›ืŸ - ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื' , ืœ"ื— - ืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžื’ืœืžืช ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื”ืฉื’ืช ื ื—ืžื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืคืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืœื. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืชื’ืœื” ืข"ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ- ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช- ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื’ืœื” ืคืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื›"ื“ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il