ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ
  • ื—ืœื”
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14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”
ื”ื—ื˜ื, ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”
ืคืจืฉืช "ืฉืœื—" ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ืขื•ื ืฉื•, ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื•ืช ื ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ื’ื ื›ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ื•ืžืขืœื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืึฒืกื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื—ึถืžึฐื“ึผึธื” ืœึนื ื”ึถืึฑืžึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึดื“ึฐื‘ึธืจื•ึน" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื• ื›ื“). ืžืื™ืกืช ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื“ื™ื‘ื” ืจืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”' ืœืื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ื ื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืฉื•ืžืขื ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื•ืื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชืื‘ืœื™ื โ€“ "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐืึทื‘ึผึฐืœื•ึผ ื”ึธืขึธื ืžึฐืึนื“" โ€“ ืฆืขืจ ื•ืื‘ืœ ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื ืฉืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœ โ€“ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืชื’ื™ืขื• ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื ื—ืžื”
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
181 - ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื ึผึธื” ื•ึผืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช
182 - ืœึฐื”ึธื ึดื™ื—ึท ื‘ึฐึผืจึธื›ึธื” ืึถืœ ื‘ึตึผื™ืชึถืšึธ
183 - ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช: ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช "ืฉืœื—" ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึตื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืฉืึธืžึผึธื”". ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื• ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ื’ื ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ื”, ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืกืš ื ืกื›ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžืŸ ืขื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืื• ื”ืฉืœืžื™ื, ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื“ื•ืžื•ืช: "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืึถืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ืžื•ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื ึนืชึตืŸ ืœึธื›ึถื".
"ื ืกืžื›ื” ื–ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื—ืœืฉื• ื•ื™ืชืื‘ืœื•, ืœื ื—ื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื, ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ืื• ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ" (ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื˜ื•). ืื™ืŸ ืคื” ืกืคืง. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื• ื•ืชื‘ื ื• ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืœืื‘ื•ืช ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื, ื›ืขืก ื”' ื•ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืชื‘ื•ืื• ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืชื‘ื ื• ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืชืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื ื ืกื›ื™ื.
ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ื ื• ื•ืœืื•ื–ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืืœื•ืงื™ื ื™ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืฉืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”', ืžืฆื‘ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืฉืจืช ืžื•ื ื™ื ืžืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื”ื ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื ื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื ืชื‘ื•ื. ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”', ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืขื ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื‘ื•ื.

ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ
ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื•, ืคืจืฉืช "ืฉืœื—" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื• ื™ื—) ื ืืžืจื” ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”, ื•ืžืžื ื” ืœืžื“ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืœื”: "ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึตื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืฉืึธืžึผึธื”: ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึทืึฒื›ึธืœึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืœึผึถื—ึถื ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”': ืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื›ึถื ื—ึทืœึผึธื” ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ื›ึผึดืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึทืช ื’ึผึนืจึถืŸ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื”ึผ: ืžึตืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืชึผึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ืœื”' ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื".
ืžืžื” ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ" ืœืžื“ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืจืฅ ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืœื” (ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื” ืข"ื). ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ "ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”". ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื—ื™ืœืงื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”. ื›ื™ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ืœื™ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื ืงืจืืช ื›ื ื™ืกื”, ื•ืœื ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขื“ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช.
ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืžืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืื” ื–ื• ืžื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืืžืจ 'ื›ื™ ืชื‘ื•ื' 'ื›ื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื•' ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืœืžื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžื–ื•, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืคืจื˜ ืœืš ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื” ืืœื ืœืื—ืจ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื•ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” โ€“ ืืฃ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื›ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื” 'ื‘ื‘ื•ืื›ื', ืžืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื‘ื” ื•ืื›ืœื• ืžืœื—ืžื” ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืœื”" (ืจืฉ"ื™ ื˜ื• ื™ื—).

ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื” ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ โ€“ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ
ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœื›ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืจืฅ ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืœื” ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ. ื•ื›ืš ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ืฉืœื ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉืจื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื” (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืฉื›ื‘ ืกืข' ื’').
ื•ื”ืงืฉื• ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช (ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืœื•, ื“"ื” ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื”): ืžื” ื˜ืขื ื‘ื›ืš? "ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ืขืžื ื“ื’ื–ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื˜ืคื™ ืžืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืžืขืฉืจ, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื‘ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ ืขื™ืกื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื”. ื•ื”ืœื›ืš ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืžืขืฉืจ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข, ื•ื“ืžื™ ื˜ืคื™ ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ".

ื‘ืฆืง ืžื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข
ืฉื•ืืœืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™: ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืฆืง ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื™, ืฉื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืœื”, ื•ืœืงื—ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืคื” ืื•ืชื•? ื”ืื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืœื”?
ื•ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืฉืœืคื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืœืคื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ. ื•ื”ืงืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื•, ืœืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื, ื›ื™ ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืœื–ืจืขืš ื ืชืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜"ื• ืคืกื•ืง ื™"ื— ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืคืจืง ื™"ื’ ืคืกื•ืง ื˜"ื• ื™"ื–), ืฉืžืขืช ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ, ื–ื›ื• ื‘ื” ืœืžืคืจืข ืžื–ืžืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื•.
ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”' ืœื™ืฆื—ืง: "ื›ื™ ืœืš ื•ืœื–ืจืขืš ืืชืŸ". ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื–ืืช ืžืชื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื. ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”' ื”ื™ื "ืœืš". ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ืžื›ื•ื—ืš "ืœื–ืจืขืš ืื—ืจื™ืš". ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืง ื™ื’ ื™ื–) "ืงื•ื ื”ืชื”ืœืš ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืืจื›ื” ื•ืœืจื—ื‘ื” ื›ื™ ืœืš ืืชื ื ื”", ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื ื ื•ื—ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื‘ืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื•, ื›ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื• ื‘ื ื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ื™ืžืœื˜ื• ืžื”ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืงืจื” ื•ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•, ืื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื ืขื• ืœื”ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” (ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ืง ืข"ื).

ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึตื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืฉืึธืžึผึธื”
ืจื•ื‘ื ื• ื›ื›ื•ืœื ื•
ืžืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง: "ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ" ื•ืœื ื ืืžืจ: "ื‘ื‘ื•ืืš", ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœื ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” (ื ื™ื“ื” ืžื– ืข"ื).
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ืœื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ื™ืกืขื• ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื—ื•"ืœ ืœื ืชืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื—ืœื”. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืงืจื ืขืœื™ื ื•: "ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึนืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ", ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื›ื•ืœื•. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื—ืœื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืขื–ืจื ืœื ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืง ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”. ื•ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” (ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื” ื”).

ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืงืžืขื-ืงืžืขื
ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงืžืขื-ืงืžืขื. ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืกืคืจืช: "ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื ื”ื•ื• ืžื”ืœื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื“ื ื‘ืงืขืช ืืจื‘ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืฆืชื, ืจืื• ืื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืงืข ืื•ืจื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื: ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื™! ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืงื™ืžืขื ืงื™ืžืขื. ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืื™ืจื”" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื“ ืข"ื. ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื“ ืข"ื‘).

ืืจืฅ ืื—ืช, ืฉื ื™ ืฆึทื‘ึผึธืขึดื™ื
ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ 14 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœ-18 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืฉืขืœื” ืœืืจืฅ ืœืคื ื™ 800 ืฉื ื™ื, ืจืื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืจืง ืฉื ื™ ืฆึทื‘ึผึธืขึดื™ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื.
ื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื•, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื”ื—ืœื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืจื‘ืข ืขืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฆืคืช, ื˜ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ. ืžืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืขืœื• ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžืื™ืจื•ืคื”. ื›ืžื•ืชื ืขืœื• ืžืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืžื–ืจื—, ื—ืœืงื ืขื ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื•ืœืขืคื™ื” ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ.
ืžื™ ืกื•ืคืจ?
ื‘ืžืคืงื“ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ืžืœืคื ื™ 200 ืฉื ื” (ืฉื ืช 1800 ืœืžื ื™ื™ื ื) ื ืžืฆืื• 6,700 ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ืฆื™ ืืœืคื™ืช ืžื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื! 90 ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ 42,000 ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืื—ื•ื– ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื”ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” (1914) ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ืžืขื˜ 100,000 ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
30 ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉ"ื— (1948) ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ 600,000 ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื– ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื” ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”.
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืžืื” ืฉื ื™ื ื—ืœ ืžื”ืคืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืขื ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืžืฉืชื ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™.

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึทืึฒื›ึธืœึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืœึผึถื—ึถื ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'
ื—ืœืช ื“ื‘ืฉ
ื‘"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" (ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืฉื›ื˜): "ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื” ืืœื ื‘ืœื—ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ืŸ, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืกืคื•ื’, ื•ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืื™ืกืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืžื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืฉ โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ืœื”". ื•ื›ืŸ: "ืขื™ืกื” ืฉื‘ืœื™ืœืชื” ืขื‘ื”, ื•ื’ืœื’ืœื” (ืœืฉ ืื•ืชื”) ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืœื‘ืฉืœื” ืื• ืœื˜ื’ื ื” ืื• ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœื™ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื—ืžื”, ื•ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจื”. ื’ืœื’ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืžื ื” ืœื—ื, ื•ื ืžืœืš ืœื‘ืฉืœื” ืื• ืœื˜ื’ื ื” ืื• ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœื™ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื—ืžื” โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉืขืช ื’ืœื’ื•ืœ. ื’ืœื’ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ื ืžืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ืœื—ื โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช".
ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืงืจื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช, ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉ"ืš (ืก"ืง ื“') ื•ื”ื˜"ื– (ืก"ืง ื‘') ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ืกื‘ืจืช ืจ"ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืกื•ืคื’ื ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ืคืกืงื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ืื•ืคื” ืื•ืชื ืืœื ืžื˜ื’ื ื ืื• ืžื‘ืฉืœื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ื‘ื"ื— (ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืฉ"ืฉ ืื•ืช ื“'). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกืžื‘ื•ืกืง, ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืฆืง ืขื ื—ื•ืžื•ืก, ืื ืื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืขื ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืื ืžื˜ื’ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• โ€“ ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื—ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื”.

ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ื›ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืžืจื” "ื‘ึผึทืึฒื›ึธืœึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืœึผึถื—ึถื ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ", ืžืฉืžืข ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืœื—ื, ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืฉืื›ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฆืืชื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ืขื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื• ื”ืœื›ื” ื˜ื•): "ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืกื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื—ืœื”? ืžืœื ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืงืžื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืื—ื“ ืžื”' ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืžืฉืชืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคื™ืŸ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ".
ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื—ืžืฉืช ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื’ืŸ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ืงืžื— ืื•ืจื– ืื• ืชื™ืจืก ืื• ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืื—ืจ ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืœื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื ืงืจื ืœื—ื. ื•ืœืคื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื 1666 ื’ืจื ืงืžื—.
ื”ื‘ื"ื— ื›ืชื‘ ืฉ-2458 ื’ืจื ืงืžื— ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืœื” ืขื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื ื”ื’. ื”ื—ื–ื•"ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืขื™ืกื” ืฉืžืฉืงืœื” ืž-1200 ื’ืจื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื—ืœื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ื—ื–ื•"ื ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ืž-1200 ื’ืจื ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ืž-1666 ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ืขื ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ื‘ื"ื— ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ืž-1666 ืขื“ 2458 ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ืž-2458 ื’ืจื ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ืขื ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื ืขืฉื” ืœื ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืžื”ืงืžื— ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืฆืง.
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืจืง ืž-2458 ื’ืจื ืงืžื—. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ืืฉื” ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืž-1666 ื’ืจื ืงืžื— ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ื”.

ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืžื—ื•ืœืงืช
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ื•ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื‘ืื”. "ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื™ืกื” ืœื—ืœืงื” ื‘ื‘ืฆืง โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจื”" ("ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืฉื›ื• ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘). ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฆืง ืฉื™ื—ื•ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื—ืœื” โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืœืฉ ืžืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืœื™ืฉื”.
ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืœื” ื›ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืœืคืกื—. ื”ืจื™ ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื”ืชื ื•ืจ, ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืœื”, ืืœื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ื”ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืชื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื.
ื•ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื—ืœื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืืคื•ื™ ืžืชื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืืžื ื ืื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ืฆืง ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืœื‘ื™ืชื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” โ€“ ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”. ื•ืื ืื—ืช ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” โ€“ ืชืคืจื™ืฉ ื•ืชื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”.
ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืœืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืฆืง ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืฆืง ื•ืžืงืคื™ืื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืืคื• ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ื•ื—ืœืง ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืœื” โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื—ืœื” (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืื‘"ื“ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื• ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื˜). ื•ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืฉื (ืก"ืง ื–') ืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื” ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ื—ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื—ืœืง ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืฆืง ืฉืื•ืคื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ื‘ืจื›ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืื—"ื› ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงืคืื”. ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืคืจื™ืฉื• ื—ืœื” ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ืฆืง, ื™ืฆืื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”.

ืžืชื•ืง ื•ืžืœื•ื— ืœื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ
ื›ืœ ื‘ืฆืง ืฉืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืขืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ื‘ืฆืง ืื—ืจ, ืœื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืžื‘ืฆืง ืžืชื•ืง ื•ืžืœื•ื— ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื•ืง ืžืขื˜ ื•ืžืชื•ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืื• ื›ืœ ื‘ืฆืง ืฉืœื ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืขืจื‘ื‘ โ€“ ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ.

ืงืžื— ืžื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงืžื— ืžื—ื•"ืœ
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืืœื’ื–ื™ (ื—ืœื” ื‘) ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืขืจื‘ื‘ ืงืžื— ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืงืžื— ืฉืœ ื—ื•"ืœ, ืฉื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืžื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืžืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™. ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืจื‘ื‘ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืงืžื— ื•ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง ืฉืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื• ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืืคืฉืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉ ืžืฉื ื™ื”ื.

ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื”?
ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ื™ื "ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'". ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื”.
ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืœื”, ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืฉืืจ ื”ื‘ืฆืง ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ืงื™ื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ืชืจื•ืžื”". ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ื—ืœื”". ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืื• ืขื•ื˜ืคื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื•ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืœืืฉืคื”.

ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”
ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš "ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื”", ื•ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื”ืจืž"ื (ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื›ื—) ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘"ื™ ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš: "ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืžื”", ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงืจืื” ืœื–ื” "ืชืจื•ืžื”" ืฉื ืืžืจ: " ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'". "ืžืฉื•ื ื“'ื—ืœื”' ืฉื ื”ืขื•ื’ื”" (ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื›ื— ื). ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ืจืš "ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื”" โ€“ ื˜ื•ืขื”. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื‘"ื™ ื›ื™ "ื”ืคืจื™ื– ืขืœ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื•". ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื—ืœื”" ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื”.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืืœื• ืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื"ื— (ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื) ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš "ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื”. ืชืจื•ืžื”". ืฉื‘ืืžื™ืจืช "ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื”" ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืขื™ืœ. ื•ื‘ื”ื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืชืจื•ืžื”" ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืคืงื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื‘"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื›ืœ ืืฉื” ืชื‘ืจืš ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ืืžื•ืชื™ื”. ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ โ€“ ื™ืฆืื” ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”.

ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉื ืœื‘ืฆืง ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ
ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ (ืค"ื” ื”ื™"ื ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ ืื—ื ืžืฉื‘ื—ื ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ืข"ื’) "ื•ืงื•ืจื ืœื” ืฉื ื•ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืชืจื•ืžื”". ืืžื ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืคื•ื˜ืจืช ืžืงืจื™ืืช ืฉื, ืืš ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืฉื ืœื—ืœื” ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื‘ื"ื— (ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืฉ"ืฉ ืื•ืช ื‘'). ื•ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ: "ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ื—ืœื”".

ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืขืœ ื˜ืขื ื•ืขืœ ืจื™ื—
ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื”. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ื˜ื”ืจื”, ืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื•ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืื›ืœื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื”.
ื”ืจืž"ื (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” - ืฉื›ื‘) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืจืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœื ืขื ื”ืœื—ืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืกื•ืจื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื•ืื ืชืืคื” ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื” ืืœื™ื”ื ื˜ืขื ื•ืจื™ื—. ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื•ื˜ืžื, ื›ืš ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืขื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื ื•ืจ ื›ืฉืจ.
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”"ื–ื‘ื—ื™ ืฆื“ืง" ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืœื ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืคื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ืื™ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืฆืง ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืœื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคื” ืฉืจืง ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืจืฃ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ื”ืจื™ื— ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื” ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืœื—ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ืœื”. ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืื• ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš.

ืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื›ึถื ื—ึทืœึผึธื” ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื”
ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ืœื”
ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื›ึถื ื—ึทืœึผึธื” ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื”" ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงืžื— ืืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกื”. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืžืจื” ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืœื•: "ื‘ึผึทืึฒื›ึธืœึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืœึผึถื—ึถื ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœื”'", ืžืฉืžืข ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืžื”ืœื—ื ื”ืืคื•ื™. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ื‘ืขืช ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื‘ืฆืง โ€“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืคื™ื™ื”. ื•ื›ืฉืื•ืคื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืืคื™ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื‘ืฆืง ืœื ื™ื—ืžื™ืฅ.
ื•ื›ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืคื•ื™, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืื• ื”ืขื•ื’ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืœื—ืžื™ื ื”ืืคื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืกืœ ืื• ืœืคืจื•ืก ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืคื”, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืžืคืจื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ืฆืง. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืืคื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืœื—ื, ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืกืœ ืื• ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™, ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”", ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ื—ืœื”.

ื›ึผึดืชึฐืจื•ึผืžึทืช ื’ึผึนืจึถืŸ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืชึผึธืจึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื”ึผ
ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืกื” ืžื’ื•ื‘ืœืช ืœื’ืžืจื™
ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ื—ืœื” ื˜ื•/ื) ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื ืฉื‘ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื•ืžื” ืืœื ืขื“ ื’ืžืจ ืžืœืื›ื”, ื›ืš ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ืœื ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืกื” ืืœื ื›ืฉื”ืขื™ืกื” ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืื—ืช.
ื•ื‘"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" (ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืฉื›ื–): "ืื™ืžืชื™ ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ืŸ ื—ืœื”? ื›ืฉื™ืชืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืขืจื‘ ื”ืงืžื— ื‘ืžื™ื. ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื ื‘ืขืจื™ื‘ื” ืงืžื— ืฉืœื ื ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืžืจ". ื•"ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืžืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ืขื“ ืื—ืจ ื’ืžืจ ืœื™ืฉื”, ืฉืชื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ืกื” ื’ื•ืฃ ืื—ื“".
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขืช ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืงืžื— ืฉืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืงื”. ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงืžื— ื ื“ื‘ืง ืœืคืช. ื’ื ืขืœื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื—ืœื”. ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืขืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš.

ืžึตืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื
ืื—ื“ ืž-24 ืœื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืื—ืจ ืž-48 ืœื ื—ืชื•ื
ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ืขืจื™ืกื•ืชื™ื›ื" ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืฉ"ื™ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืคืจื™ ืฉืฉืืœ: "ืœืžื” ื ืืžืจ?". ื”ืจื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”, ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ืœื•ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืœื•. ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืกืคืจื™: "ืœืคื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขืจื™ืกื•ืชื™ื›ื' ืฉื•ืžืข ืื ื™ ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืช. ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืžืจืืฉื™ืช' ืžืงืฆืชื” ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื”".
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ. ืืœื ืžื›ืœ ืขื™ืกื” ื•ืขื™ืกื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืงืฆืช. ืœื›ืš ื ืืžืจ: " ืžึตืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดืกึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื". ื•ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื? ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืคืจืง ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื ื‘): "ื•'ืจืืฉื™ืช' ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื›ืฉืขื•ืจื” โ€“ ืคื˜ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื”. ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืžืชื ื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืชืชืŸ ืœื•', ืชืŸ ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื™ืชื ื• ืžืชื ื”. ื•ื”ื ื—ืชื•ื ื”ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืžืคืจื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืžื•ื ื” ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื, ืœืคื™ ืฉืขื™ืกืชื• ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืžืชื ื”".

ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•?
ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื” ื ืฉืจืคืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื. ืืขืค"ื› ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืž"ื ื™ืคืจื™ืฉ ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ื–ื™ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืฉื›"ื‘ ืกืข' ื”'). ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืž"ื—, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื "ืฉืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ื›ืŸ".
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ื"ื—, ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืš, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื™ืคืจื™ืฉ ืื“ื ื›ืชืงื ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ (ื‘ื"ื— ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืฉ"ืฉ ืื•ืช ื’').

ืชึผึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ืœื”' ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื
ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื”
ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ื›ืžื•ื” ื›ืžืชื ื” ืœื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขืœืชื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉื ื ื‘"ื” ืžืืคื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืงื•ื ื” ืœื—ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืืคื•ื™. ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืคื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ื–"ืœ ื”ืจืž"ื: "ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ ืœืœื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•"ื˜ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•"ื˜, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช" (ืื•"ื— ืจืž"ื‘ ืก"ื).
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื˜ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืืคื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืืžื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื) ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืืคื™ื™ืช ื—ืœื” (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื›ื”"ื— ืฉื ืก"ืง ื›"ื‘ ื›"ื’), ื•ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื” ื—ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื (ืฉื”ื•ื ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ).
ื•ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื”ื“ืจื•ืช ืœืืคื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืชื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืื” ืœืงืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืขืจืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื’ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื’ื ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื.

ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“
ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื"ื— ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืชืืคื” ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ืฆืง ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ื•ืชื‘ืจืš. ื•ืื ื—ืฉืงื” ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื•, ื™ืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืฆืง ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื” ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืคืจื™ืฉื• ื—ืœื” ื’ื ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื•ื’ื ื”ืืฉื”.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื ืงืจื "ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ื", ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ื™ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ืชื•ืจื’ื ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืชืฉืชื“ืœื ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ื—ืœื” ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, "ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื™ืงืจื” ื”ื–ื•".

ืžืชื ืช ื‘ืช-ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœืชืช ืœื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื’ื™ืœ 12 ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืฆืง ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”: " ืชึผึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ืœื”' ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืžึธื” ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื" . ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืžืชื ื” ืœื”'.

ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื›ืœื”
ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืฆืคื” ืœื–ื™ื•ื•ื’ ืื• ืœืคืจื™ ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ื”ืŸ ืžืชืืกืคื•ืช ื™ื—ื“, ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฆืง ื•ืžืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ืœื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื ื‘ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืชื™ืงื ื”.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืขืจืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืจื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ื‘ ื•) "ืขึทืœ ืฉืึธืœืฉื ืขึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึนืช ื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืžึตืชื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืœึตื“ึธืชึธืŸ, ืขึทืœ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึทื ึผึดื“ึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึทื—ึทืœึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื”ึทื“ึฐืœึธืงึทืช ื”ึทื ึผึตืจ". ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืžื” ืขืจืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืžืจื‘ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ (ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืฉื” ื™ื– ืคืกืงื” ื—) ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื˜ื ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื.

ื•ึฐืึดื ื ื•ึนืชึฐื ึดื™ืŸ โ€“ ืžึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ
ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืฉื‘ืช ืœ"ื‘ ืข"ื‘) ืื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ืžืขืœืช ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืœื”: "ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึทืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื•ึนืŸ ื—ึทืœึผึธื” โ€“ ืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ื‘ึทืžึฐื›ื•ึผื ึธืก, ื•ึผืžึฐืึตืจึธื” ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืœึผึทื—ึทืช ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื–ื•ึนืจึฐืขึดื™ืŸ ื–ึฐืจึธืขึดื™ื โ€“ ื•ึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ืื•ึนื›ึฐืœึดื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ึฐืึดื ื ื•ึนืชึฐื ึดื™ืŸ โ€“ ืžึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžื“) 'ื•ึฐืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ืขึฒืจึดื™ืกื•ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืชึผึดืชึผึฐื ื•ึผ ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ, ืœึฐื”ึธื ึดื™ื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึถืœ ื‘ึตึผื™ืชึถืšึธ'".
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•: "ื•ึฐืึดื ื ื•ึนืชึฐื ึดื™ืŸ โ€“ ืžึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: 'ื”ึธื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึธืื•ึนืฆึธืจ, ื•ึดื™ื”ึดื™ ื˜ึถืจึถืฃ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืชึดื™, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื—ึธื ื•ึผื ึดื™ ื ึธื ื‘ึธื–ึนืืช ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช, ืึดื ืœึนื ืึถืคึฐืชึผึทื— ืœึธื›ึถื ืึถืช ืึฒืจื•ึผื‘ึผื•ึนืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ืงื•ึนืชึดื™ ืœึธื›ึถื ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ ื“ึผึธื™' (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื’). ืžึทืื™ 'ืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ ื“ึผึทื™'? ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทืžึดื™ ื‘ึทืจ ื—ึทืžึธื, ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘: ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึดื‘ึฐืœื•ึผ ืฉื‚ึดืคึฐืชึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืžึดืœึผื•ึนืžึทืจ ื“ึผึทื™". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ืœื—ืœื•ืช ืคื ื™ ืžืœืš
ืžืกืคืจ ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ืŸ-ืืœื™ื”ื•: ื›ืฉืกื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืขืžื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืกื‘ืชื ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื—ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืœื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื• ืื“ื ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื. ืืžืจ ื‘ื“ืขืชื•: ืœืžื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื—ื ืฉืžืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉ? ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืืงื ื” ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื—ื ืฉืœื™.
ืœื™ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืžื ืคื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงืžื— ื•ืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื”, ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืกืš ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ื ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœืฆืขื•ืง ืขืœื™ื•: "ืœืžื” ืืชื” ื‘ื? ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ืœื›ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ืกืฃ. ืžื™ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื? ืœืžื” ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื™ ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช?!" ื›ืš ื’ื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืืช ืกื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ืžื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื”.
ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืจื‘, ื ืชืŸ ืกื‘ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœืฉื•ืง ื•ืงื”ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืžืข ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฉืงื™ืงื”. ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ื•ื›ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉืขืช ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืง ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœืžื ื—ื” ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืงืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื”, ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ื’ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ื‘ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”. ื›ืฉืจืื” ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื’ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืžื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื ื—ื” ืœืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื—ืœืฉื” ื“ืขืชื• ื•ื”ืชืขืœืฃ.
ืžื™ื“ ื—ืจื“ื• ืืœื™ื• ื”ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื•ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืฉืฉื‘ ืœื”ื›ืจืชื• ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืฆืขืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืจื‘ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ืœื— ืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืคื” ืืžืจ: ืื“ืข ื›ื™ ืกืœื—ืช ืœื™ ืจืง ืื ืชื‘ื•ื ืžื—ืจ ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื”, ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื•ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืงืžื— ื•ืชืื›ืœ ืžืœื—ื ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื”. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ื•ืžืฆื ืื•ืชื ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ.
ืœื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื—ื ืžืžืจื—ืง ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื“ืจืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ื˜ืจื™, ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืืจ-ืฉื‘ืข ืžืืคื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื•ื“ืจืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.

ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืืคื™ื™ืช ื—ืœื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื” ืืžื ื• ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื” ื—ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืžืชื ื” ืœื”'

ืฉืจื™ืง - ืฉืจืง . ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืจื•ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ืช?
ืœืฉืจื•ืง ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ โ€“ ืžื•ืชืจ. ืœืฉืจื•ืง ืฉื™ืจ โ€“ ืืกื•ืจ.

ืชื” ืžืชื—ื–ืง . ืชื” ืžืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืงืคื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื‘ื™ ืื• ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ืœื‘ื™?
ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ืœื‘ื™, ื•ืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืชื• ืขื ื‘ืฉืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืชื•ืชื• ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืฉืจ.

ืกื•ืคืœื” ื ื•ืœื“ . ื”ืื ืœืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืžื ืกื•ืคืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช?
ืœืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืืกื•ืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื ื•ืœื“.


ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื‘ื— . ื”ืื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช?
ืœื. ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ื™ื ื–ืฃ ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื ื–ืฃ ืœืžืขืœื”.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
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    1:01
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื ืชืฉืค"ื” โ€“ ื ื’ืฃ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืจืคื•ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ื›"ื— ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืค"ื”
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    2 ื“ืง'
    ืจื’ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื”

    ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ?

    ืจื’ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื” | ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื

    ื—' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื“
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ

    ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ โ€“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื”

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืœื•ืœืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืื‘ื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืฆืคืช ืชืฉืข"ื•

    ื”' ืื‘ ืชืฉืข"ื•
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    ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš

    ื”ืžืกืข ืžื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืก"ื˜
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il