ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื ืงื™ ื›ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื‘
ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื•, ืคืจืฉืช "ืงืจื—", ืžืชื’ืœื” ืœื ื• ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื”. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืงืจื— ื•ื›ืœ ืขื“ืชื• ืžื—ืฆื™ืคื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืคื ื™ื, ืžืชืžืœื ืžืฉื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื ื•ืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ืฉื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืžืฆืจื™ื "ืืจืฅ ื–ื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ" โ€“ "ื”ึทืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึถืขึฑืœึดื™ืชึธื ื•ึผ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ื–ึธื‘ึทืช ื—ึธืœึธื‘ ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึทืฉื ืœึทื”ึฒืžึดื™ืชึตื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึธืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึธืจึตืจ ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื ื”ึดืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึธืจึตืจ" โ€“ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืกื—ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืขื ื•ืžืงื”ื™ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื“ื”, ืื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืœืงื‘"ื”: ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืœื ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืžื”ื ื›ืœื•ื. ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื—ืžื•ืจ ืื—ื“. ื•ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืจืข ืœืฉื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ: "ื ืงื™ ื›ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื‘" ื–ื” ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื.

ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื
ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ืข"ื: "ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืœื ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื• ื•ืฉืคืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืื ื™ืชืจื™ืกื• ื›ื ื’ื“ื•. ื•ื™ื“ืžื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื–ืจื™ื—ืชื”, ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื” ืื•ืจ ืฉืฉื•ืจืฃ ื•ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœื” ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื ื”ื ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื™ื–ื•ืง. ื–ื” ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ, ืื ื™ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื ื•ื— ืžื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื• ืžืœื ืจื—ืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“. ื•ื’ื ื™ืชืจื™ืกื• - ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื• ื•ืฉืคืœ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ื”ื’ ื—ืžืœื” ื•ื—ืกื“".
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื•. "ืžืฉื” ืฉืคื™ืจ ืงืืžืจืช". ื•ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ื•, ื›ื™ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ืข"ื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืคืกืงื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื•, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืื™ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืงื•ืจื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื—ื™ ืขืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืžืฆื“ ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื, ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืžื•ืจื ื• ื•ืจื‘ื ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™.
ืื‘ื™ ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื
ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืจืืฉ ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืข"ื”, ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจ: ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ืชื ื•ืชื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื ื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืจื‘ ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืจืฉื™ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™. ืคืขื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืฉืขื”. ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ื›ืœ ื“ืงื” ืžื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื–ืชื™ ื•ื ื™ื’ืฉืชื™ ืืœื™ื•, ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื•, ื•ืœื—ืฉืชื™ ืขืœ ืื•ื–ื ื•: ื”ืจื‘, ืื ื™ ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ืื•ืชืš, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™ ื•ืฉืืœ: ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ื™ืชื•ื? ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื›ืŸ, ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื•. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘: ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื™ ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืืœืžื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืกื•ื˜ื” ื” ืข"ื) ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ืจืื™ืช ืคืขื ืื‘ื ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื”?
ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช
ืขื•ื“ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื•ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ: ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื™ื™ ืขื ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืœืืคื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื”. ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืฉื›ื—ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฆืœืฆืœ. ื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉืชื™ ืžืื•ื“, ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™: ืžื ื—ื, ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชืš, ืชืขื ื” ืœื”ื.
ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื”ื“ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื–ื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช. ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื•ืื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื•. ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ: "ืจื—ื ื ื ื”' ืืœืงื™ื ื•, ืจื—ื". ืžืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื”ืฆืœืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืคืœืืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื ื’ื™ื ืช "ืจื—ื", ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ื•ืืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืขื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชืขืฆืœ.
ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœื•
ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื ื’ืจื™, ืจื‘ื”ึผ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืื“ื•ืžื™ื, ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ืคืขื ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืœ-ืคื™ ืœื‘ื•ืฉื ื”ื ืžื ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืงืจืชื, ืฉืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ื›ืœ ืฉืœืžื”, ืžืงื•ื ืžืฉืจื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ.
ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื•ืจืฆื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืขืฆื” ื•ืชื•ืฉื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืงื” ืœื”ื ืžืื•ื“. ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืœื ื ืคื’ืข ื›ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืจื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื ื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชืจืฆื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื™. ืืชื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ื›ืœ ืฉืœืžื”.

ื›ึผึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืžึผื•ึน ืชึผึฐื ึทื—ึฒืžึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื›ึผึตืŸ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืึฒื ึทื—ึถืžึฐื›ึถื
ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ, ื›ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ืœื™ื ืœ"ืข ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื•ื ืžื”ืฉื‘ืขื”. ืฉื ื™ ืื‘ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ื”ื, ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื™ื“ ื•ื”ืงื™ืžื ืžื”ืจืฆืคื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœืขื–ืจืช ื ืฉื™ื, ืฉื ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ืœื™ื. ื”ืจื‘ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื” ื™ื“ ืœื”ืงื™ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื ื—ื ืื•ืชื” ื•ืœื”ืคื™ื’ ื‘ืžืขื˜ ืืช ื›ืื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืžืื‘ืœื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉืขืฉื” ืขื ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื™ื— ืœื™ื“ื” ืืช ืงืฆื” ื”ื˜ืœื™ืช, ืืžืจ ืœื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืืžืจ ืœื” ืœืงื•ื ืžื”ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืœึนื ื™ึธื‘ื•ึนื ืขื•ึนื“ ืฉืึดืžึฐืฉืึตืšึฐ ื•ึดื™ืจึตื—ึตืšึฐ ืœึนื ื™ึตืึธืกึตืฃ, ื›ึผึดื™ ื”' ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึผึธืšึฐ ืœึฐืื•ึนืจ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœึฐืžื•ึผ ื™ึฐืžึตื™ ืึถื‘ึฐืœึตืšึฐ: ื•ึผื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, ื›ึผึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึดืžึผื•ึน ืชึผึฐื ึทื—ึฒืžึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื›ึผึตืŸ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืึฒื ึทื—ึถืžึฐื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทื™ึดื ืชึผึฐื ึปื—ึธืžื•ึผ". ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ื—ืžืช.
ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉ, ืื‘ ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ
ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืกื™ืคืจ ื‘ื ื• ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืจืืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ "ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื”", ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจ: ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ื“ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื–ื™ื•ืŸ. ืื—ื“ ืžืื ืฉื™ ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื•ื–ื ื— ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ืžืชืจื—ืฅ ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืชื•. ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื™, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื”ื—ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื“ืกื” ืœื”ืชืจืคืื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืžื ื•, ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืขื˜ื™ื ืœื’ืฉืช ืืœื™ื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžืฆื‘ื• ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจ.
ืคื ื” ืื™ืฉ ื”ื—ืกื“ ืืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช, ืืžืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ืื“ื: ืžืจื’ืข ื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžืžื ื” ืื•ืชืš ืœืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื™. ืชืชืงืฉืจ ืœืžื—ืœืงื” ื•ืชื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื”. ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื”ืจื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื–ืขืง ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื“ืข ืœืš ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉ ืฉื ืžืฆื ืืฆืœืš ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื”, ืืฉืžื— ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืžืฆื‘ื•. ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื‘ื•ื ืœื‘ืงืจื•.
ื–ื” ืคืœื ืื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื• ื›ืœืœ "ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉื™". ืื‘ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ื›ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžืชืจื—ืงื™ื ืžืžื ื•. ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืข ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™, ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื‘ืจืคื•ืืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืฉื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื. ื•ื”ื ืจื—ืฆื• ืื•ืชื• ื•ื˜ื™ืคืœื• ื‘ื•. ืœืžื—ืจืช ื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ืœื‘ืงืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืจืื” ืฉืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืฉืชืคืจ ืคืœืื™ื. ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื ืคืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.
ืžืจืื” ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื”
ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืฉืžืข ืžืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื—ืฆื™ืจื ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืžื ื”ืจื™ื”: ื‘ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืชื• ืœืžื“ ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ" ืฉืœ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืขื–ืจืืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื—ืžื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ. ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืžื•"ืจ ืื—ื™ื• ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืื‘ื•ื—ืฆื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™, ื‘ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืžืจืื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™.
ืกื™ืคืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืืžืจ: ื“ืข ืœืš ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžืชืคืœืื™ื ืžื‘ืงื™ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืฉืืœื• ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืขืฉื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืžืจืืฉ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืฉืœื— ื•ืœืชืœื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื“ืฃ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื— ื‘ื“ืฃ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืื—ืจ, ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืœื™ื• ื™ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื•ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจ ืœื• ืืช ื“ืฃ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืจืื” ืฉื“ืฃ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ. ืงื™ืžื˜ ืœืจื’ืข ืืช ืžืฆื—ื•, ื ื›ื ืก ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื™ืžื“ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•. ื”ืชืคืœื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“, ืื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืขืœ-ืคื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื™ืš ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉืจืื” ืืช ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ืžื“ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœืžื“ ืœืงื—. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืขื–ืจืืŸ ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื— ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžืจืื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ื”ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ื ื›ื ืก ื”ืจื‘ ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืจืื” ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืงืจื”. ื’ื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื”ืจ ืจื’ืข ื•ืžื™ื“ ืžืกืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ.
ื”ืชืคืœื ื”ืจื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื” ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ ืฉืงืจื” ืœื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืš ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจ. ืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืœืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืขื–ืจืืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช. ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื” ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื›ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืคื ืชื” ืืœื™ื• ืžื™ื“ ื•ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืื—ืจื™ื•. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”. ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจืืŸ ืœืžืงื•ื ื•ืจืื” ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ, ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืžืจืื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื.
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืืกืฃ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืขื–ืจืืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื”ื ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”, ื•ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื—ืชืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื—ืฆื™ืจื ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื•ืืžืจ: ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื ืง ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ืžืื•ืจ ืคื ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื•, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ืื™ืจืข ื“ื‘ืจ.
ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”
ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืงื™ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ "ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื”", ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื ื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืืœื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš", ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ื‘ื ื—ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืืœื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”. ืœืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืคืœื ืื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื.
ืคืขื ื ืกืข ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืžืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื™ื˜ืกื”ื™ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”, ืฉื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ื”, ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ืืœื™ื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช. ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื›ืžื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืœืคืจื•ืก ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืชืงืฉื• ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื ืžืฆืื• ืœื”ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื”ื ืฉืืœื• ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช, ืฉืืœื” ืฉื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ื ืขืžืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคืชืจื•ื ื” ื•ืœื ืžืฆืื•. ื”ื ืคืชื—ื• ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉืืœื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžืฆืื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื•ื”ืคื ื” ืื•ืชื ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ืœื”ืขืจืช ื”"ืคื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข" ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ ืœื”ื ื‘ืขืœ-ืคื” ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ืฉืฉืžื—ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืจืจ ื”ืื ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”. ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ื›ืขืช ืืช ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืคืœื ืื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื”ื ืœืžื“ื• ืœืคืจื˜ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื.
ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžืช
ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ื•"ืž ืงืกื“), ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื”. ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ "ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืคื ื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช". ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ืžื ื• ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ืงื”ืœ, ื•ืื ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื–ื”.
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื ื’ืจื™: ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ืงืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืžึดื ื”ืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉื•ืื”, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืจื™ืง ืžื™ื”ื“ื•ืช. ืœื ืฉืžืจ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื’ื ืื”ื‘ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืงื™ืžื• ืืช ืžืขืœื” ืื“ื•ืžื™ื.
ื”ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฃ ืœื‘ ืงืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉื‘ื• ืขืฉื• ืœื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืขืงืคื™ื. ืœื™ืžื™ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื•ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืืจ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืื™ืš ื ืจืื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืฉืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืชื™ืืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื•ืคืœื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื™ ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช-ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ืฉื‘ ืจื‘ ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืฉื“ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืจืืฉ, ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืจ ืœื• ืคื ื™ื ื•ืืžืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ: ืชื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ื ื’ืจื™ ื•ืกื™ืคืจ: ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžื™ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืืช ืฉืžื•. ืื‘ืœ ืœื™ืžื™ื, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœื™ืžื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื. ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช-ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื”. ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืงืจื”.
ืžืฉืืœื” ืฉื”ืชื’ืฉืžื”
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื“ืื•ื, ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™": ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ. ื•ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื“ืื•ื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืงืฉื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ ื•ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœื ื™ืจื“ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.
ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื•. ืงื ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื' ืื• ื‘' ื•ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœืžื” ืื™ืŸ ื’ืฉื. ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ืฉื™ืœื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœ ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื•: ื’ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื”ืชืคืœื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืฉื•ื ื’ืฉื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ื•ืฉื•ื ืฉืงืข ื‘ืจื•ืžื˜ืจื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืง, ื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื?
ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืคืฉื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื›ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื”ื ืฆื™ืคื• ื‘ื›ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื™ืจื“ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืฆืคื™ื ืžื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
ื›ืฉืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืืœื” ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื• "ืœืžื” ื ื’ืจืข, ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช-ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”' ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ?" โ€“ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ืžืฉื”: "ืขืžื“ื• ื•ืืฉืžืขื”, ืžื” ื™ืฆื•ื” ื”' ืœื›ื".
ืžื ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืฉื” ืฉื”' ื™ืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•? ืืœื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืœื”' ื‘ืืžืช, ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”' ืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื, ืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ื ืขื ื”. ื›ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื’ืฉื, ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ ืื• ื”ื•ืจื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื - ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”' ืœื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืจื™ืงื.
ื–ื›ื•ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืื”ื‘ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ ื’ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืขื™ื“ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืื™ื™ืœ ืื–ื•ืœืื™: ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื’ื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ืื‘ื™ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืจืืฉ. ืžื™ื“ ืคื ื™ื ื• ืœืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืช ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื” ืฉืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• 87% ื”ืฆืœื—ื”. ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื 60% ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื‘ืื ื• ืขื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื• ืžืื•ื“, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื”ืคืจืฉ ื›ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ. ื ืกืขื ื• ืืคื•ื ืœื•ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคืœื ื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื ืขืฆืจ. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืœื ืžืชืคืฉื˜, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื”.
ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืื—ืจ ืื—ืจื™ 4.5 ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืฉืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืœื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜, ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ืคื ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืช ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืฉืชืคืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘-80% ื”ืฆืœื—ื”. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื” ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘-87% ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื™ืคื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ.
ืขื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืคื ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื, ื“ืคืง ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืืžืจ: "ื–ื›ื•ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ืš. ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ". ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ. "ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ". ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื›ื•ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืฉื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื‘ื“ืง ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืืžืจ: ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื’ื“ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืชืœืช-ืžืžื“ื™ืช, ื•ืื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ืœ. ืื•ืœื™ ืชื‘ื•ืื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ื•ื ืจืื” ืื ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื’ื“ืœ. ื™ืฆืื ื• ื‘ืื ื—ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืงื˜ืŸ. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื•. ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉื–ื›ื•ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื—ื–ืง. ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื ื™ื›ืจ, ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื”.

ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ืืžืŸ.

ื—ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื”
ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ื•ืœืฆืขืจื™ ืœื ื ื”ื’ืชื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื™ ืœื’ื™ืœ 13, ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–"ืœ, ืื™ืฉ ื™ืงืจ, ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืืœืžื“ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ. ืฉื ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™. ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื ืจื’ืฉ ื›ื•ืœื™, ื•ืžื’ืœื” ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžืžืฉ ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘. ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืข ื›ื™ื‘ื“ื• ืคื™ื™ื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื–ื ื™ื, ื›ื•ืœื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืชืŸ.
ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจ ื™ืœื“ ืงืฆืช ื”ืชืื›ื–ื‘ืชื™. ื—ืฉืฉืชื™ ืฉื ืœืงื—ื” ืžืžื ื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื—ืชืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื™. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื‘ ืื—ืจืช. ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืื ื™ ืืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ืื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืœื” ืขืœื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™.
ื’ื ื›ื™ืœื“ ื”ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื™ ื’ื“ืœ, ื’ื ื”ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืฆื ื™ืขื•ืชื• ื•ืื”ื‘ืชื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื•ื•ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื ืขืจ ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื›ื™ืจ.
ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืžืžืฉ.

ื ืจื• ืžืื™ืจ
ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื–ืขืคืจื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›"ื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื–, ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืžืœืื• ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืžื›ืฉื™ืจื” ืžื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืฉื”ืงืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืขื ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื”ืฉื "ืืœื™ื”ื•", ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘. ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืืžืจ: ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื’ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืื•ืกื˜ืจื•ื‘ืกืงื™, ืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ืฉืžื• ืœ"ื”ืžืื™ืจื™"? ืœืจื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชืงืจื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืฉืžื•, ื”ืžืื™ืจื™. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ื ื“ื”ืžืชื™ ืžื”ืขื ื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืื‘ืœ ืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ืชื“ื”ืžื” ืฉืœื™ ื’ื“ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›"ื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืกื˜ืจื•ื‘ืกืงื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ. ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ 70 ืฉื ื”.

ื™ืฉ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืœื ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื• ื•ืฉืคืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืื ื™ืชืจื™ืกื• ื›ื ื’ื“ื•

ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ืข"ื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืคืกืงื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื•, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืื™ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื


ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื”ืื ืœืจื‘ ื™ืฉ ืขืฆื” ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ืœื ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ื›ื“ื•'?
ืžื—ื•ืžืฉ ื”ืคืงื•ื“ื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืคืจ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•, ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”' ื•ืœืฉื›ื™ื ื”! ืจืื” ื‘ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ (ืžืืžืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืกื™' ืฆื‘' ื•ื”ืœืื”), ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื˜, ื“): "ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืจ ืืœื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืคืขืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื•ืขืจ ื•ืžืื™ืจ, 'ื•ื”ืกื•ื˜ืจ ืœื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืกื•ื˜ืจ ืœื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ ืžื•ึนืงึตืฉื ืึธื“ึธื ื™ึธืœึทืข ืงึนื“ึถืฉื' (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื ื—: ืœื•ืขื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื”', ื•ืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื˜ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ืœืœ ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”'). ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืืœื”ื™ืช ืžืฉื•ื›ืœืœืช, ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืœื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ".
ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™? ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืฆืจื™ืš: ื. ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืขื ื”'. ื‘. ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื”. ื’. ืœืœื›ืช ืœื›ื•ืชืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœื ื–ื–ื” ืžื”ื›ื•ืชืœ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืื ื›ืŸ, ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื›ื•ืชืœ? ื”ืจื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืกืชืœืง ืžืฉื. ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขื ื•ื•ื”!

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ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il