ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ื•ืืจื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ืฉื•ืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ืฆื‘ื™ื”

ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช
ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื• ืขืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืš ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืืœ, ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืื• ื”ืžื›ื•ืช? ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”? ืžื›ืš ืฉื ืชื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื–"ืœ ืœืžื›ื•ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ โ€“ "ื“ืฆ"ืš ืขื“"ืฉ ื‘ืื—"ื‘, ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืกืชืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ื‘ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื ืจืื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืข ืืช ืœื‘ื• ื•ืืช ืขื•ืจืคื• ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ืคืจืขื”, ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ืจืžื– ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉ"ืคืจืขื”" ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช "ื”ืขืจืฃ", ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื›ืžื• ืกื“ืจ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืขื™ืจ. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื–ื™ืงื•ืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ืืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืขื™ืจ (ืžื›ืช ื“ื) ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื ืคืฉื•ืช (ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'). ืืš ืฉืืœืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืื•ืจื ื”ืจื—ื‘ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืืจืช ืชืžื•ื”ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื”.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉื ื” ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ืชืคืงื—ื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืคืจืขื” ืฉืœื ื”ืชืคืงื— ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ื‘ื–ืžื ื•. ื‘ืชื "ืš ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื "ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื“ื™ื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•. ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืœืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื.

ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื™ื˜ ื˜ื–-ื›ื‘):
ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื›ึผึทื ึผึธืฉืึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื—ึธืจึทื“ ื•ึผืคึธื—ึทื“ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึทืช ื™ึทื“ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึผื ืžึตื ึดื™ืฃ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ("ื™ื“ ื”'" ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”"); ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึฐื—ึธื’ึผึธื, ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึทื–ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืจ ืึนืชึธื”ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื™ึดืคึฐื—ึธื“ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึฒืฆึทืช ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนืขึตืฅ ืขึธืœึธื™ื•; ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ื—ึธืžึตืฉื ืขึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึนืช ืฉื‚ึฐืคึทืช ื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึทืŸ ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธืขื•ึนืช ืœึทื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช. ืขึดื™ืจ ื”ึทื”ึถืจึถืก ื™ึตืึธืžึตืจ ืœึฐืึถื—ึธืช; ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึทื”' ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื, ื•ึผืžึทืฆึผึตื‘ึธื” ืึตืฆึถืœ ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึธื”ึผ ืœึทื”' (ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ืœื” ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื); ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœึฐืื•ึนืช ื•ึผืœึฐืขึตื“ ืœึทื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืฆึฐืขึฒืงื•ึผ ืึถืœ ื”' ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืœึนื—ึฒืฆึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ืœึธื”ึถื ืžื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึท ื•ึธืจึธื‘ ื•ึฐื”ึดืฆึผึดื™ืœึธื (ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจืชื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฆื™ืœ ื”' ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื); ื•ึฐื ื•ึนื“ึทืข ื”' ืœึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึฐืขื•ึผ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืึถืช ื”' ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืขึธื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผ ื–ึถื‘ึทื— ื•ึผืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึฐื ึธื“ึฐืจื•ึผ ื ึตื“ึถืจ ืœึทื”' ื•ึฐืฉืึดืœึผึตืžื•ึผ; (ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ื ืืžืจ "ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ื”' ื•ื’ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืืฉืœื—" ื•ืคื” ืžืชื•ืืจ "ื•ื ื•ื“ืข ื”' ืœืžืฆืจื™ื") ื•ึฐื ึธื’ึทืฃ ื”' ืึถืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื ึธื’ึนืฃ ื•ึฐืจึธืคื•ึนื ื•ึฐืฉืึธื‘ื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ื”' ื•ึฐื ึถืขึฐืชึผึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึผืจึฐืคึธืึธื; (ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื ื’ืฃ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืคืจืขื” ืœื ื”ืชืคืงื—, ืคื” ืžืชื•ืืจ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื• ื”' ืžื›ื” ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืžืจืคื ืื•ืชื ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ื™ืชืคืงื—ื• ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช).
ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ื•ื "ื•ึฐื ึธื’ึทืฃ ื”' ืึถืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื ึธื’ึนืฃ ื•ึฐืจึธืคื•ึนื ื•ึฐืฉืึธื‘ื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ื”' ื•ึฐื ึถืขึฐืชึผึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึผืจึฐืคึธืึธื". ื•ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ื’ืคื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืจืคื•ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”'.
ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื ืœื• ื) ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”"ื ื’ื•ืฃ" ื—ืœ ืขืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืš ื”"ืจืคื•ื" ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ:
ืชึผึทื ึฐื™ึธื ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืžึผึธืฉื ื“ึผึฐืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึฐื›ึทื— ื“ึผึดื™ื ึธื ืœึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึธืึตื™, ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืžึผึธืฉื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึฐื›ึทื— ืจึทื—ึฒืžึตื™ ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ (ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืžืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืจื—ืžื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ) ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึผึดื™ื‘, ื•ึฐืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทื“ึผึธื ื•ึผืคึธืกึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื... ืชึผึธื ึธื ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึดื–ึฐืงึดื™ึผึธื”, ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘ ื•ึฐื ึธื’ึทืฃ ื”' ืึถืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื ึธื’ื•ึนืฃ ื•ึฐืจึธืคึนื. ื ึธื’ื•ึนืฃ ืœึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐืจึธืคึนื ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ.
ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื ื—ื–"ืœ ืขืœ ืžื›ืช ื—ื•ืฉืš, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืกื‘ืœื• ืžืื—ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง ื‘ืžื›ืช ื—ื•ืฉืš ื‘ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” "ืื•ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืชื", ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืฉืคืงื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืืš ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ืชื’ืœื• ืจื—ืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืœื ืจืง ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ืขืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืืœื ืฉื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืขืฆื•ื. ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืจืง ืจื—ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืชืงืคื” ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืœื ืฉืจืคื•ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื ื’ืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ืžื›ื” ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื!
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืœืœื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืจืื” ืืช ืกื‘ืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืฆืžื•. ืืžื ื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืคืงื—ื• ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช, ืืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื›ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžื›ื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืงืœื•ืงืœืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ืช ืื•ืชื. ื•ื›ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืจืฉืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืขื‘ื“ ืœืชืจื‘ื•ืชื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื›ืจื— ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืžื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื›ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช.


ื›ืš ื’ื ืžืกื™ืง ื”"ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ" (ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื - ืฉื ืช ืชืจืข"ื—):
ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™' ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืจืคื•ื: ื ื’ื•ืฃ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืจืคื•ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื”"ืง. ื•ืคื™ืจืฉื• ื›ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื™' ื ื’ื•ืฃ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื ื™ื˜ืœ ืžื”ื ื”ื›ื— - ื ื™ืชื•ืกืฃ ื›ื— ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืžืชื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืฉ ืื™ืชื• ื’ื ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ โ€“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืฉืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื.

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช
ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืœืงื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื•ืืจื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืข ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื›ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื. ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ื–ื• ื™ืฉืจ ืžืขืœื” ืœื ื’ื“ ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืœืงื•ืช ื›ืš, ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื—ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจ' ืฆื“ื•ืง ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืŸ ื–ื™"ืข ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ืกืคื™ืจื” ื•ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื.
ื’ื ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคืจืฉืช ื•ืืจื ื›ื˜ ื) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืื˜ ืื˜, ืžื›ื” ืื—ืจ ืžื›ื”.
ืชึผึธื ื—ึฒื–ึตื™, ืชึผึทืชึผึธืึธื” ื“ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื’ึผึดื™ืŸ ืžึธื—ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืงึทื“ึฐืžึดื™ืชึธื (ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืฉืืจ). ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืชึผึทืชึผึธืึธื” ืฉืึธืจึธื ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื (ืžื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ), ื•ึฐื™ึทื“ึธื ื“ึผึดื™ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึธื—ึธื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขึธื ื•ึฐืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขึธื. (ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื‘ื›ืœ ืืฆื‘ืข ื•ืืฆื‘ืข ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื“ืจ) ื•ึฐื›ึทื“ ืžึธื˜ึธื ืœึฐื“ึทืจึฐื’ึผึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื” ื“ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื’ึผึดื™ืŸ, ืขึธื‘ึตื“ ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื“ึผึดื™ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ื•ึฐืขึธื‘ึทืจ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื ื“ึผึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื, ื•ึฐืงึธื˜ึทืœ ื›ึผึนืœึผึธื (ื”ืžื›ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืฆื‘ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื โ€“ "ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™" ื”' ื‘ืขืฆืžื•) ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึตื™ ื›ึผึทืšึฐ ืงึธื˜ึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผื•ึผื›ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื ื“ึผึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื’ึผึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื” ื•ึผื‘ื•ึผื›ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐื›ึนืœึผึธื (ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืจื’ ื”' ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื•"ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”").
ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื”, "ืžืชืชืื”", ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื›ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืžืงื•ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืžืงื•ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืžื•ื›ื— ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ืื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืคืจืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
ื™ืฉื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ "ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื—", ืจ' ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื™ื™ื ืจ ื–ื™"ืข, ืื‘ื™ ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ืื™ื–'ื‘ื™ืฆื. ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืื•ืชื• ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืฉื ืจืื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™. ื—ืœืง ืžืžืคืจืฉื™ ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืžืงืจืื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื’ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืงื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื›ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ืกื™ืงื• ืžื”ืกื‘ืœ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ, ืืฃ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ืฉืจื ืืช ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœ...
ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœืคืจืฉืชื ื• (ืคืจืง ื– ืคืกื•ืง ื’) :
...ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืžืขื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื™ืจืื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ื’ื•ื™ื ื ืฉืžื• ืคื ื•ืชื ื•ื’ื•'; ืืžืจืชื™ ืืš ืชื™ืจืื™ ืื•ืชื™ ืชืงื—ื™ ืžื•ืกืจ".
ื ื ืกื” ืœืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืžื›ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžืฉื” ื”ืชืจื” ื‘ืคืจืขื” ืฉืœืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืžื›ื”. ืจื•ื‘ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ืคื–ื”, ื•ื‘ืฉื˜ืฃ ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื• ื ื™ืชื ื• ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืฃ ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“. ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื”ืชืจืืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื™ื—ืช ืžืกืจื•ืŸ ืœืคืจืขื”, ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ืžื›ืš. ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื–ืžื ื ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืืจ ืฉื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ืœืืจืžื•ืŸ ื›ื™ื ืก ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• "ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื โ€“ ื—ืจื˜ื•ืžื™ื" ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืชื•ืคืฅ ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ื” ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืื”. ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื—ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืกื™ืกื” ื‘ืžืžืœื›ืช ืคืจืขื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืืจ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืช ื“ื ื•ืžืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืคืจืขื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื™ื›ื• ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืืจืฆื•. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื ืจืื™ื ื›ื ืฆื— ื•ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืœืžื•ืกื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžืœืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื•ืขื ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืงื“ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืื•ืชื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ื‘ื”ื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื“ื ื™ื ื•ื ืขืจื›ื™ื ืœืžื›ื” ื”ืงืจื‘ื”, ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื ืžืชืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืื™ื“ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื, ืืœื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืชื•ื•ืขื“ื• ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืชื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืจืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืืœื•, ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืื ื”ื ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ื”ื ื•ืื ืื™ื ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจืื•ื™, ื™ืฉื ื• ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžื›ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื.

ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
ื•ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— (ื—"ื ื•ืืจื ื“"ื” ื‘ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืคืจืขื”):
ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืข ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื”ื ื ื’ื“ ืคืกื•ืง "ืฉืฉ ื”ื ื” ืฉื ื ื”', ื•ืฉื‘ืข ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื•". ื•ื–ืืช ืชื“ืข, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืขื›ื•"ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืœื™ื ืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืื—ื“ - ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืฉืฉ ื”ื ื” ืฉื ื ื”'" ื•ื’ื•'.
ืฉื‘ืข ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ืคืฅ ื”' ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื—ืกื“ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ืชื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื•. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขื•ื ืฉ, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืžื” ืจื•ืžื– ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขื•ื ืฉ ื”ื–ื”.
ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืฉืœื™ (ื• ื˜ื–-ื™ื˜).ืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื‘ืขื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื›"ืชื•ืขื‘ืช ื”'":
"ืฉืึถืฉื-ื”ึตื ึผึธื” ืฉื‚ึธื ึตื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึธื” ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืชึผื•ึนืขึฒื‘ึทืช ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฝื•ึน; ืขึตื™ื ึทื™ึดื ืจึธืžื•ึนืช ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทื™ึดื ืฉืึนืคึฐื›ื•ึนืช ื“ึผึธื-ื ึธืงึดึฝื™; ืœึตื‘ ื—ึนืจึตืฉื ืžึทื—ึฐืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ืึธื•ึถืŸ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึทื™ึดื ืžึฐืžึทื”ึฒืจื•ึนืช ืœึธืจื•ึผืฅ ืœึธึฝืจึธืขึธื”; ื™ึธืคึดื™ื—ึท ื›ึผึฐื–ึธื‘ึดื™ื ืขึตื“ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ ื•ึผืžึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื—ึท ืžึฐื“ึธื ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืึทื—ึดึฝื™ื".
ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืฉืœืžื” ืกื™ื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืœ ืœื›ื‘ื“. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื—, ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื›ื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื‘ื“:
ืจืง ืฉืœืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช (ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื) ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืกื“ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขื•ืŸ ืงืœ ื•ืื—"ื› ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ. ื•ื›ืืŸ ื›ืฉื ืขื ืฉื• ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื ื ืขื ืฉื• ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ.
ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ืจืื” ืกื“ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ืคื•ืš ืžื”ืกื“ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื ืจืื” ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืžื›ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื”, ื”ืงืœื”, ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ืœืงื ื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืชื•, ื ืจืื” ืฉืœืคื™ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื›ื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื”.
ืืš ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืš ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืคื’ื ื•ืกื˜ื™ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ืงื•ึผืช, ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืžื ื” 1 ื•ื›ืš ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื” ื”ืงืœื” ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ืชื™ืืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ืคื™ืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืงืœ ืœื›ื‘ื“. ืืš ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืžืชืืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžืื•ืชื ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ืจื•ืขื” ื•ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืžื•ืจื”, ื•ืžืžื ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.
ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื• ืคืขืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืžื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืงืœื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืืฃ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืื•ืชื” ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืžื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืฉืœื™.

ืžื›ืช ื“ื โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืขืก
ืžื›ืช ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉืœื— ืžื“ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื” ืžื”ืฉ"ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืช ื”ื›ืขืก. ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืชืื•ื” ื’"ื› ืžืจื•ื—ืงืช ืžื”ืฉ"ื™ ืืš ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฆื ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ืช ื›ืขืก ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื•ื—ืง ืžื”ืฉ"ื™.
ืžื“ื ื™ื โ€“ ื“ื. ื›ืขืก ืจื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ืชื‘ื•ื ื—ืจื‘ ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืื—ื™ื•, ื•ืื ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ืขืก ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืืฃ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื™ื ื“): "ืึดื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึดืฆึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ื•ึผื‘ึธื ึธื” ืžึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืงึดื‘ึผึตืฅ ื ึดื“ึฐื—ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืžึธืฉืึดื™ื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™". ื–ื”ื• ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžื›ื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืžืื‘ืง ืžื•ืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช. ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื”ื ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืื—ื“. ืืฃ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื’ืจืžื” ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ืช ื“ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื›ืขืก ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืœื”ื "ื”ื“ื ืœืจืืฉ"...
ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืขืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื•. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืจืื•ื™ื”, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื•ืœืจื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืขืก ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืงืœ. ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื ื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื™ื ื ื“ืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ืชืจื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื•, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืื ื—ืคืฆื™ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื ื—ื ื•.
ืžื›ืช ืฆืคืจื“ืข โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืขื”
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ื™ืคื™ื— ื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืงืจ" ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ืฆืคืจื“ืข, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืคื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืคื™ื— ื”ื•ื, ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืคื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ื›ืฉืื—ื“ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืฉื—ื˜ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื“ื• ืจืื”, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ โ€“ ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื“ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื—ื˜ื 2 .
ื‘ื”ืคื—ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉื•ืช ืืœื ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืžืžืฉื•ืช ื›ื”ืคื—ื” โ€“ "ื™ืคื™ื— ื›ื–ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืงืจ" (ืžืฉืœื™ ื• ื™ื˜). ืžื›ืช ืฆืคืจื“ืข ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืขื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื“ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืจืขืฉ ื›ืฆืคืจื“ืข... ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืข ืžืงืจืงืจืช ื‘ืœื™ ื“ื™ ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœืงื•ืœื” ืื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืคืจื“ืข ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืžื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื”ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจืคื” ื•ืžื›ื” ื‘ื”ื, ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉืžื”ื›ืื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื–ื• ืœื ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืœ ื•ืงืจืงื•ืจ, ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืงื˜ื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื›ืš ืœื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืฆืคืจื“ืข ื”"ืžื ืคื—ืช" ื›ืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื– ืจืื™ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฉ"ื™ ืœื ื™ืจืฆื” ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื—ื˜ื ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื•ื”"ื– ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืจืกืžื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื›ืช ืฆืคืจื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžืงืจืงืจื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ืงื•ืœื.
ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” 'ืื™ื–'ื‘ื™ืฆืื™ืช' ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืœืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื“ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืกื™ื‘ื‘ ืฉืจืง ืืชื” ืจืื™ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื˜ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื” ื—ื‘ืจืš, ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื•ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืš. ื”ืื“ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืฉืื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ ืขื“ ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืืžืช ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื“ื ืฉืจืื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœืขื“ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉ"ื–ื›ื”" ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื”...
ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืฉ"ื˜ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื’ืขื™ื (ื‘ ื”): "ื›ืœ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ืื“ื ืจื•ืื”, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื ื’ืขื™ ืขืฆืžื•". ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืฉ"ื˜ ื–ื™"ืข ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืืš ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช. ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื—ืกื“ ืขื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื• ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืคืกืง ืื—ืจืช ื”ืžืฉื ื”: "ื›ืœ ื”ื ื’ืขื™ื ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ื—ื•ืฅ, ืžื ื’ืขื™ ืขืฆืžื•", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืž"ื ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืž"ื ื”-"ืžืชื•ืš", ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื ื’ืขื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื™"ืช ืฉืœื— ืœืžืขื ื• ื ื’ืขื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื•.
ื‘ืžื›ืช ืฆืคืจื“ืข ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื”' ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื• ืฉืื ื• ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื• ื•ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ืœ"ื ืคื—" ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื.

ืžื›ืช ื›ื™ื ื™ื โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืคื–ื•ืŸ
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ืจื’ืœื™ื ืžืžื”ืจื•ืช ืœืจื•ืฅ ืœืจืขื”" ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ื›ื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืืฆืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืืžืจ "ืฆื“ืง ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื”" ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืœื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื”ื, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฆื“ื“ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืขื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช. ื•ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื™ืคืš ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœืฆืขืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืš ื”ืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื—ืžืœืชื• ืฉืžืจื ื•ืœื ืคืขืœื• ื›ืœื•ื ืืฃ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจืชื. ื•ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ื›ื ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื ืžืฆื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืืš ืžื” ื™ืคืขื•ืœ ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื”ื™ืจืชื• ื”ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื•ื.
ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื™ื˜ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจืš ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ืจืข ื•ืื•ืชื• ืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืจ. ื”ื›ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกืžืœื•ืช ืืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื”, ื•ืžื›ื” ื–ื• ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ืื˜ ืืช ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืกืงืช ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•. ื›ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฆืจืš ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืงืฉืช ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืœื“ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืจืื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉืคื•ืš ื“ืžื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื.

ืžื›ืช ืขืจื•ื‘ โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ึผืช
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ืœื‘ ื—ื•ืจืฉ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ", ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ืขืจื•ื‘, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืช ืœื”ืจืข ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ืขืจื•ื‘ - ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื. ื•ืœื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืžื›ืช ืขืจื•ื‘ "ื•ื”ืคืœืชื™ ื•ื›ื•' ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืจื•ื‘", ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืฉ"ื™ ื™ื‘ืจืจ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ื ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื.
ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื—ื™ื•ึผืชื•, ื•ืืœ ืชืงืจื™ ื—ื™ื•ึผืช โ€“ ืืœื ื—ื™ื•ึนืช, ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ ื‘ื”ื ืืฃ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช. ืžื›ืช ื”ืขืจื•ื‘ ืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ึผืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืจืขื™ื, ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ึผืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช:
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ืคื›ื•ืช ื“ื ื ืงื™" ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ืช ื“ื‘ืจ.
ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืžื™ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืœื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื ื ืงื™ ืœืžื›ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืคืฉื˜. ื‘ืžื›ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืคืฆืขื™ื ืžื“ืžืžื™ื ื•ืžื›ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืคื™ื›ืช ื“ื ื ืงื™ ืฉืฉืคื›ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ โ€“ "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึธึฝืจึธืฉืึธืข ืœึธืžึผึธื” ืชึทื›ึผึถื” ืจึตืขึถึฝืšึธ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ ื™ื’).
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืงืจ" ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืช ืฉื—ื™ืŸ ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืขื™ื–ื• ืคื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืงืจ, ืœื›ืŸ ื ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื• ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ื”ื—ืจื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืžืฉื”.
ื•ื ื’ื“ "ืขื™ื ื™ื ืจืžื•ืช", ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืชื’ืื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ (ืœื›ืŸ) ื”ืจืื” ืœื”ื ืžื›ืช ื‘ืจื“. ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื‘ืขื•ื”"ื– ื”ื•ื ื’ืฉื, ืจืื• ืื™ืš ื”ื’ืฉื ืฉื‘ื ืžืฆื“ื›ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื“. ื•ืœื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื” ื–ื• ืข"ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื ื˜ื” ืืช ื™ื“ืš" ื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืข"ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืžืฉื” ืขื ื™ื• ื•ื›ื•'.

ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ
ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื ื• ืืช ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ืืจื", ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉื™-ืžืขืฉื™. ืžื—ืคืฉ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืœื™ ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืง ื•ืžืคืฉืคืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื“ ืฆืขื“, ืžื”ื›ื‘ื“ ืืœ ื”ืงืœ. ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ "ืžืฉืœื— ืžื“ื ื™ื", ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชืงืŸ ื‘"ืžืคื™ื— ื›ื–ื‘ื™ื" โ€“ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข, ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœืฉืคื•ื˜ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื ื• ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื—"ื• ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ื ื“ื ื ืงื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื”ืœื‘ื ืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ืžืชื™ ืื ื• ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื—"ื• ื‘"ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืจืžื•ืช" โ€“ ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื.
ืจื™ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื. ""ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืจืคื•ื" โ€“ ื ื’ื•ืฃ ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืจืคื•ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ", ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื”ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืžื•ืžื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื•, ืžื’ืœื’ืœ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืžื•ืžื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืคื ื™ ื›ืš ืืฃ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจืคื, ืœืœื ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืœืงืื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช.
ื™ื–ื›ื ื• ื”' ืœืจืคื ืืช ื›ืœ ืชื—ืœื•ืื™ ื ืคืฉื ื• ืœืœื ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ื ื’ืคื™ื ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื ืฆื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœืžื” โ€“ "ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœ ื ืคืฉื™ ื’ืืœื”".





^ 1.ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ื–'ื ื™ืฅ ืฉืฉื™ืจืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ืจืฆืื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžืชืงื“ื ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื. ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืคื™ืงื— ื•ื™ืฉืจ ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ื–ืืช ืžื”ืžืคืงื“ ืฉืœื• ื‘ืฆื‘ื. ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืžืคืงื“ ืฉืœื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง, ื•ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืงืจื” ืื ื”ืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื–ื•ื– ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจ? ื”ืžืคืงื“ ืขื ื” ืœื• ืฉื›ืœ ืกื˜ื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื” ืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ืœื–ื•ื– ื‘ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื. ื›ืš ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื—ืกื™ื“ ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื”, ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื” ืžื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื™ื–ื•ื–ื• ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
^ 2.ื›ื™ ื”ื ื“ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื—ื˜ื ื•ืืชื ื–ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“ื™ื” ื•ืืกื”ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื” ืงืžื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ืคืคื. ื ื’ื“ื™ื” ืœื–ื™ื’ื•ื“. ื''ืœ: ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื” ื—ื˜ื ื•ื–ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืžื™ื ื’ื“? ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืื™ืŸ, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื ื™ืงื•ื ืขื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื™ืฉ, ื•ืืช ืœื—ื•ื“ืš ืืกื”ื“ืช ื‘ื™ื”. ืฉื ืจืข ื‘ืขืœืžื ืงื ืžืคืงืช ื‘ื™ื” (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื™ื’ ื‘).
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il