ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืงืจืืช ืœื™ื“ื”
  • ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ื“ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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10 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”
ืžืงืœื—ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื:
ืžื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืขื ืจื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื”ื—ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงืœื—ื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืจืง ืขื“ ืœื—ื•ื ืฉืœ 42 ืžืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœื—ื•ื ืฉืœ "ื™ื“ ืกื•ืœื“ืช", ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื• ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฅ, ืชื•ืš ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื—ื™ื˜ืช ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ, ื•ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืง (ืจืž"ื ืื•"ื— ืฉื›ื•, ื™; ื•ืž"ื‘ ืฉื ืก"ืง ืœ).
ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื›ืš ื”ืžืฆื‘, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื’ื•ื™ื” ืœืคืชื•ื— ื•ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื–ืจื ื”ืžื™ื ื˜ืจื ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช, ื•ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื– ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืชื” (ืขื™' ื‘ื”"ืœ ืฉื›ื— ื“"ื” "ื›ืœ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ื"). ืื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืชืคืชื— ื•ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื– ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ (ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืง), ื•ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืžืื—ื•ืช ืฉืชืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื” (ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ "ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืฉืื•ื”", ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืชืจื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืชืจ. ืขื™' ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื–, ื”; ื•ืž"ื‘ ืฉื˜ื– ืก"ืง ื”, ืฉื ืžืชื™ืจ ืืฃ ื‘ืชืจื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™).
ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื“ืœืช:
ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืชืงืŸ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ "ื’ืจืžื", ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื“ืœืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืง. ืื ื™ืฉ ืจืง ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžืจืคืง.
ืžืฉื—ื” ืœื”ืงืœืช ื›ืื‘ื™ื:
ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืฉื—ื” ืœื”ืงืช ื›ืื‘ื™ื, ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื—ื” ืžืจื•ื—ื” ืขืœ ืคื“ื™ื ืžืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ืื• ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืžืจื•ื—. ืืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืจื•ื— ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืขืฆืžื” (ืขื™' ืžื’"ื ืฉื˜ื– ืก"ืง ื›ื“; ืฉืฉ"ื› ืœื’ ื”ืขืจื” ืกื“ ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ืื•ื™ืขืจื‘ืืš; ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื—ืฉื™ื‘"ืก ืฉืข"ืค ืคืฉื˜ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ืฉื›ื—, ื“), ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืœ).
ืฉืื™ื‘ืช ื—ืœื‘ ืœื”ืงืœืช ืฆืขืจ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช:
ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ื—ืœื‘ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ืฆืขืจ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื•ื ืง ื“ื™ื•, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืขืช ื‘ื—ืœื‘ ื”ื ืฉืื‘ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืงืœืช ืฆืขืจื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื—ืœื‘ ื™ืœืš ืžื™ื“ ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“ (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืฉืœ, ื—). ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืชื™ื ืช ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื”ืžืชืžืœื ื‘ื—ืœื‘.
ื›ื›ืœืœ, ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ืืฉืจ ื‘ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืจืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืžืœืื›ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืฉืื™ื‘ื” ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื:
ื. ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืชืžืงื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืš ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืฉืื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืจืžื (ืขื™' ืฉืขื”"ืฆ ืชืงื™ื“ ืก"ืง ืœื, ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืžื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•"ื˜). ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืชื•ืš ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืœืง ืžื™ื“.
ื‘. ืœืžืงื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžืชื’ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
ื’. ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื” ื™ื“ื ื™ืช.

ื) ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืฉื” ืžื™ื ื™ืงืช
ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœืงืœื— ื—ืœื‘ ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื™ื ื•ืง (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืฉื›ื—, ืœื”. ื•ืž"ื‘ ืฉื ืก"ืง ืงื™ื‘).
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืขืช ื”ื ืงื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืขื“, ื“). ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืžื•ืชืจ ืืฃ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืœื—ืฉ ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ื ืงื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” (ืฉื ืฆื“, ื“-ื”), ื‘ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืžื™ื“ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœืš (ืฉื ืฆื, ื).
ืžื ื™ืงื” ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœืช ื•ื™ื˜ืžื™ื ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ืคื” (ื‘ืจื–ืœ, ืคืจื ื˜ืœ), ืชื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื•ืชื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืชื” (ืž"ื‘ ืฉื›ื— ืก"ืง ืงื›).
ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื–ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ ื—ืœื‘ (ืฉืฉ"ื› ืœื• ื”ืขืจื” ืกื–), ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ืฆืขืจ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช.
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืจืื™ื™ืช ื“ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ื ืงื”, ืขื™' ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื‘ื.

ื‘) ื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ื”
ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•:
ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืคืชื— ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืกืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื— ืืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขืฆืžื• (ืชืขื ื™ืช ื‘, ื). ื”ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ืขื ืกื™ื•ื ืžืขืžื“ ื ืฉื’ื‘ ื–ื”, ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืคื™ื• ืืช ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช (ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืชื–ืจื™ืข, ืฉื ืช ืชืจืข"ื“).
ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืขืฆืžื” ืžื˜ืžืืช ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืœื™ื“ืช ื‘ืŸ, ื•ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ื“ืช ื‘ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืœื˜ื”ืจืชื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื ืฉืชืจืื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ (33 ื™ื•ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืœื™ื“ืช ื–ื›ืจ, ื•-64 ื™ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ื“ืช ื ืงื‘ื”) ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืกืจ ื•ืžื˜ืžื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื“ื ื˜ื•ื”ืจ".
ืืžื ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืคื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ื ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื›ื“ื ื ื“ื•ืช 1 , ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืคืกืง ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื ื”ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ื•ืื– ืœืžื ื•ืช ื–' ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ (ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจืž"ื ื™ื•"ื“ ืงืฆื“, ื). ื›ื™ื•ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื ื ืžืฉืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื.
ืžื—ื“, ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื–ื• ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื™ื•ืœื“ืช ืœื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื” ืืฆืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง, ืืš ืžืื™ื“ืš ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื’ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ืคื™ื• ืืชื’ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’.
ื›ื“ืื™ ื•ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉื›ืœืœ ื•ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™, ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ (ืžืฉืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ืืฆืœ ืื“ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ื›ื— ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœื• ืคื ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืชื— ื—ื•ืฉ ื–ื”). ืœื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื—ืคื•ืช ื•ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื’ืฉ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื•.
ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืจื—ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื›ื—ื• ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืชืจื™ื.
ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืœื™ื“. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืœ ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื (ื“ืจื›ื™ ื˜ื”ืจื”, ืขืž' 72 ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•' ืชืฉืข"ื). ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื’ื“ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื˜ื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืœืขื‘ืจ ืื“ื ื”ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืœื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืžื™ื“ ืœื™ื“ (ืคืช"ืฉ ื™ื•"ื“ ืงืฆื’ ืกืง"ื’).
ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช:
ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืืš ื’ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื—ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืœื—ืฅ.
ื›ืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื, ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืคืกืง ื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื ืคื•ืกืง. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืื ื ืขืฉื• ื›ืžื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืชื›ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ ืœื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื, ื•ืœื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืœืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื, ืืœื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœืช ืจื‘. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื ืขืœื• ื™ืคื”, ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”!
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืžืฆื•ื™ ืฉื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคืกืง ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ 2 . ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืœืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ื›ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืขื“ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื–' ื ืงื™ื™ื 3 . ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ืฉืืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ืช ื”ืจืž"ื (ื™ื•"ื“ ืงืฆ, ื™) ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื.
ืœืขืชื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืื• ื‘ื›ืื‘, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืฆื™ืขื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื• ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืจื‘ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืฆืขื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืžืงืฉื” ื‘"ืฆืœื™ื—ืช" ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื• ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืจื‘ ื”ืื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื“ืงืช ื˜ื”ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช.
ื›ืฉื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื’ื ื™ืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ื”ื‘ื•ื“ืงืช ืืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ืจืช ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืœืžืฆื‘ื• ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืœื‘ืขืœื”, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžื˜ืžืืช ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช (ืกืคืจ ืคื•ืขื” ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ื‘, ื™), ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœื‘ืฆืขื” ื’ื ืื ืชื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื—ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื™ืžื™ ื”ื”ื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช.
ืจืื™ื™ืช ื“ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ื ืงื”
ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื ื™ืงืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืžืกื•ืœืงืช ื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืงืคื˜, ืœื’). ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืš, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ื ืงื” ืžืœืื”.
ืขืœ ืจืื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืคืœื’ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืš ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื’ื ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช (ืขื™' ื“ืจื›ื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ื–, ืฆ).

ื’) ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ื“ื”
ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ืฉืคืข ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ื›ื ืคื™ื” ื’ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืชื’ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขื“ ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”.
ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื”, ื•ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ื ืคืจื˜ ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช 4 :
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉื›ื™ื—ื” ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื“ื›ื“ื•ืš (baby blues), ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ืืฆืœ 60-80% ืžื”ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ ืฉืงื˜, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—, ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื‘ื›ื™, ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆื‘, ืžื•ืขืงื”, ื—ืจื“ื”, ื“ืื’ื ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืงืฉื”. ืœืจื•ื‘, ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ื’ื ืœืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™.
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื›ืš, 10-20% ืžื”ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ื”" (Post-Partum Depression), ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ืื‘ื—ื ื” ื–ื• ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื ืื” ื•ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื”ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ืื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”, ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™, ื ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื”, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช, ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื• ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ื‘ื“ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืื™ืžื”ื•ึผืช, ืืฉืžื”, ื‘ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืคื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื” ืžืื•ื“.
ืœืœื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื”ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื”, ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง, ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ื•ืœื”. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื“ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื™, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ื•ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืœืื‘ื—ื ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ, ืืš ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉื ื” ืจืชื™ืขื” ืžื›ืš, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ื’ื ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื” ืชืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื•ื— ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืื—ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคืช ื—ืœื‘, ืœื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™.
ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื™ื™ืฉืงืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฅ (ืชืจื•ืคืชื™, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืชืจืคื™, ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื•ืขื•ื“). ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื• ื›ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ. ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”', ืจื•ื‘ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ื”, ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืžื—ื” (ืกืคืจ ืคื•ืขื” ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื“ื”, ืขืž' 292).
ืชืžื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”
ืœืกื™ื•ื, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื–ื• ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”:
ืื—ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆื, ื”ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ื“ื” (ื•ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ), ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื”, ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืชื•ืžื›ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืŸ "ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื•ื ืขืช" ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืœื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืŸ ืขื–ืจ ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื” ืžืžื ื•, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืคืชื—.
ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš, ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืชื•ืžืš ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื™ืฉื”. ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืงื•ื“ื ืœืœื™ื“ื”, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื™ื”.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ื— ืจื‘ ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืขื ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ืื• ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ืจืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืชื•ืžื›ืช, ืฉื™ืžืช ืœื‘, ื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืื›ืคืชื™ื•ืช ืืžืชื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืื• ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืงื•ืฉื™ ื–ื”. ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.
ืื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื‘ืœื”, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืฉืžื” ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื”, ื•ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื™ืชืจื ื•ื ืชื’ื“ืœ ืžื›ืš.

ื“) ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”
ืืžื ื ื–ืจื™ื–ื™ื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื™ืœื” ื•ืžืœื™ื ืžื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืกื‘, ื), ืืš ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืฉืขื” ื›ื–ื•, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืœ ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืœื™ื ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ "ื–ืจื™ื–ื™ื" (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืคืช"ืฉ ื™ื•"ื“ ืจืกื‘, ื‘).
ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื:
ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ืื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืช.
ื‘. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ื™ืฉืžื— ื‘ืฉื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•, ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืš ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืฉืžื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื•ืืจื•ื›ื™ื.
ื’. ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืขืœื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืžื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
ื“. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™, ืืœื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื˜ืขื ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื ื–ืจืงืช ื‘ืคื™ื”ื.

ื”) ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ
ื”ื“ืจื›ืช ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื” ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ื”ึผ ืœืื™ืชื ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชื‘ืจืš ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืื– ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ื—ื•ืœื”".

ื•) ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื•ืช
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืจื˜ื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื“ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื:
ืžื—ื“, ื›ื›ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ "ืคืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื•" (ืฉื•"ืข ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื–ืจ ื, ื”), ืืฉืจ ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื™ื•ืžื” (ืฉื, ื‘), ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ืœื ืชื•ื”ื• ื‘ืจืื” ืืœื ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”" (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื ืก"ืง ืœื). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื‘ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœ "ืœืขืจื‘ ืืœ ืชื ื— ื™ื“ืš" (ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื, ื—), ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื“ื” ืžืงืจื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืฃ (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื‘.).
ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš, ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื ื–ืงืงืช ืœืฉืืœืช ืจื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืคืจื˜ื ื™. ื”ื“ืจื›ืช ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ ืžื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ื•ื’ื•ืจืคืช ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช.
ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื™ืฉ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืฉืืœืช ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืชืช-ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืงื•ืœื, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ืžืจื‘, ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื”ื™ืคืš: ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ืฉื˜ื— ืžืขืœื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื, ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื‘ื“ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืžื ื•, ืืœื ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืืœื” ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืจื‘.
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื—ืžืช ืื•ื ืก ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื โ€“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื•ืžื”" (ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื).

ื–) ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”
ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื ื˜ื•ืจื— (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืœื—, ื—).
ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื›ื›ืœืœ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ืฉืคื–ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืขื–ืจื” ืžื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืš.
ื›ืืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื”ืจื›ื–ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ื”ื“ื•ืื’ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื™ื•ืœื“ืช ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื”.

ื—) ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขื ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
ื–ื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื’ื“ืœ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื, ื•ืื•ืฉืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ื.
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืฉื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืœื™ื“ื”.
"ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ืš ื“ืขื”ื•, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื”ื.
ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืœื”, ืื– ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืชืคืœืชื• ื•ื›ื•ื ื” ืจืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ืืžื•ื ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคืœืชื•, ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ื”ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•, ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื•ืจื” ืžืฆื“ื• ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื“ื•ืงื, ื•ื‘ื” ื™ืžืฆืื ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ.
ื•ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืœืฉื ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื•ืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื• ื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ืื– ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื”ืขืžืงืช ืขืฆื” ืื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื’ื•ื ื” ื•ืงื™ืžืช...
ื›ืฉืื“ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืฉื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื— ื‘ื—ืœืงื•, ื•ืœื ื™ืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื– ืื—ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืชืงืคืœ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืื– ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื–ื”."
(ืžื•ืกืจ ืื‘ื™ืš ื‘, ื‘)
ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชื•ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืฉื”.
ืœืขื™ืชื™ื, ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฆืจื™ื›ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”:
"ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”. ื™ืฉ ืœื’ืฉืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' 'ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”'. ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืคืŸ, ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืœื 'ืขื•ืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช' ืœืืฉืชื•, ืืœื ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืขื™ืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช" (ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื)
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื—ืœ ืžืคื ื” ื’ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉืœื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืขืชื” ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื›ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื:
"ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขื ื”' ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”' ืœืื™ืŸ-ืขืจื•ืš ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืžื•ืœ ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื ืฉื•ื ืขื•ืœ. ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ื— ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”" (ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื)




^ 1. . ื’ื ืœื•ืœื ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืฉื™ื˜ืžื, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•: ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื• ืœืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ืงื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื™ืžื•ื ื”ืื•ืกืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื“ื ื”ืื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ืฆื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”. ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืงื™ื™ื ืืฃ ืžื“ื ื˜ื•ื”ืจ (ื ื“ื” ืœื•, ื, ื›ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ ืฉื ืคืกืงื” ืฉื ืœื”ืœื›ื”. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืื” ืคืจืง ื–, ื”ืœื›ื” ื—, ื•ื‘ืžื’ื™ื“-ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื), ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžืื•ื“.
^ 2. . ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื™ืชืŸ: ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืœื™ื“ื”, ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืกืง ื”ื˜ื”ืจื”, ืœืงืจืืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื”. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื“ื™ืžื•ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืžืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ "ืฆืœื™ื—ืช" ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืขื“ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื ืจื•ืช, ืฉืงืคื™ vcf) ืืฉืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืฉื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
^ 3.. ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื•ื”, ื™ืฉื ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ื•ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ื ืงื”. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆืžื•ื— ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืฉืจ ื•ืฉื™ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืจื‘ ืื• ืœืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข.
^ 4.. ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื–ื” ื•ืžืื ื™ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ื”, ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืžื™ื“ื™. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ื“ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื‘ืขืœ, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืขื–ืจื”, ื•ืืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ.
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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