ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ืžืืžืจื™ื ืืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ื™ื
  • ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืงื•ืžื™ ืื•ืจื™
  • ื“ - ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื ื”
undefined
8 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื–ืื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ื”ื•ื“ืื”
ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ืฉื–ื™ื›ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœ "ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืžืฉื™ื—", ื•ืœืกื™ืขืชื ื“ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ื‘ืžืื‘ืง. ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ โ€“ ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื”' ืฉื”ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืื™ืชื ื, ื•"ืฉืœื™ื—ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื ื ื™ื–ื•ืงื™ื". ื ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื ืชืคืœืœ ืœืจืคื•ืืชื ื”ืฉืœืžื”, ื”ืžืœืื” ื•ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืžืง ื”ืœื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื™ืžื ื• ื‘ืžืื‘ืง, ืขืœ ืขื–ืจืชื ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืฉื‘ืื” ืžืชื•ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ื•.

ืกื•ืจ ืžืจืข
ืœื ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืจืฉืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื” ืžืฆื“ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื. ื›ืŸ ืื’ืจืกื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•"ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช" ืœืœื ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช, ืืš ืœื ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ื˜ืืœื™ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื”. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ืชื™ ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืคื•ื’ืจื•ื", ืืš ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื–ื•ื•ืขื” ื–ืจืžื•, ื”ืฉืชื›ื ืขืชื™ ืฉืื›ืŸ ืžืœื” ื–ื• ืžืชืื™ืžื”. ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื”, ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืชืืจื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช (ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืื‘ืง). ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืจืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื’ืœืชื” ื›ืืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื•ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื ื•ืงื‘ืช ืืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืœื ืœื™ื™ืคื•ืชื”, ื•ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื”ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืจืฉืขื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืง ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ ื”ื™ืก"ืž ื•ืฉืœ ืžืคืงื“ื™ื”ื, ืืœื ืฉื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ืžืžืœื-ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื’"ืฅ. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื•ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืกื•ื’ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืžื•ืฉื’ "ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง", ื•ืื•ืœื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขืจืš ื•ืฆื“ืง ืฉืœ ืืžืช. ื‘ืขื™ื ื™, ืžืคืœื’ืช "ืงื“ื™ืžื”" ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืจื™ืงื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืฉืจืจื” ื’ืจื™ื“ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืคืœื’ื•ืช ื•ืžืื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืืœ, ื•ื”ื ื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
"ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ื”' ืฉื ืื• ืจืข". ืื ื• ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช, ื’ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืื” ืœืจืข. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื“ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกืœื™ื“ื” ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ืœืจืข, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ืœืคื™ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ืžืขืžืขืžืช. ืื—ืช ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื ื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืฉื ืื” ืฉื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืฉื (ื•ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ืŸ ื ืฉืžืชื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•), ื•ื”ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ืชื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• (ื”ืื•ื”ื‘ ื•ื”ืฉื•ื ื), ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ.

ื•ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘
ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” โ€“ ื”ื ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืื‘ืง. ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื•ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกื•ืกื™ื”ื ื•ืืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ ื”ื™ืก"ืž. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ืืฃ ืืœื• ืฉื™ืฆืื• ื—ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื, ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื• ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืื‘ืง, ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉืืฃ ืฉื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื ื”ืจืกื•, ื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ื›ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”' ืจื•ื— ื–ื• ืขืชื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืชืงื•ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” (ื•ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื‘ืืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš). ื’ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ืขืžื•ื ื”, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืขื•ืจืจ, ืคืกืงื” ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื™ื“ืœื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืชื ืชืงื•ืช, ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื ื• ืœื”ื ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื›ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื•ื›ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื (ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื”ืขืชื™ื“, ื•ื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš).
ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืœื•ืคื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื’ืชื ื• ื”ืžืขื•ื•ืชืช, ื›ืฆืคื•ื™, ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืฉืคื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžื‘ืขื“ ืœืžืกืš ื”ื“ื”-ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืืฃ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื”ื‘ื ื” "ื—ื“ืฉื”" ืฉืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ืื‘ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืชื ื•ืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื. ื–ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื—ืฉื™ืคืช ื”ืื˜ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืœื-ืžืงื•ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื.

ื”ืขืชื™ื“ โ€“ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช
ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืขืžื•ื ื” ืขื ืฉืชื™ ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“. ืžื—ื“, ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ื ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื“ืื’ื” ื•ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ืื•ืช. ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื–ื•ืขืงื™ื ืืช ืงื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื•ืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”' ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืขื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืื—ื™ื”ื, ืขื•ืงืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžื‘ื™ืชื, ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื”ื›ืจื” ื–ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžืืชื ื• ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ โ€“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื”, ื•ื”ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• โ€“ ื’ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉื‘ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืžืฆื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื. "ืœื ืชื•ื”ื• ื‘ืจืื” ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”". ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืืชื ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืžืชืขืฆืžื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘"ื›ืœื™ื ื“ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ". ืื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ โ€“ ืื•ืชื” ืจื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื, ื•ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฉืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืคื™ืจื•ื“ ื•ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืœื ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื”. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขื‘ื“ ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืขื™ืžื” ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื. ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” โ€“ ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืกื•ืชืจืช ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืงืฉืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืžืื‘ืง ืื™ื ื• ืกื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืคืจื˜ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื ืจื—ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืจื•ื— ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ื•ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืœืœื™.

ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“
ืชืงื•ืคื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื—ืœื”, ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืž"ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ืœ"ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“". ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืฉื” ืžื›ืœ, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืืœื™ื• ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืชื™ืืจื• ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืžืฉื™ื— (ืขื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืกื•ื˜ื” ื˜,ื˜ื•, "ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ื—ื ื•ื›ื•'"). ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื—ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ, ืฉืื•ืชื• ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ืฉืชื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช: ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืชืงื•ืžืช ื”ืงื•ืžื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช. ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื–ืจืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉื•ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'. ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื’ืื•ืœืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื”ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืืจืฆื™ื™ื. ืื•ืœื ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืžืกืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืื›ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืžืชื‘ืกืก ื“ื™ื•, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ โ€“ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ โ€“ ื–ื•ืขืง ืืช ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•. ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงื•ื“ื (ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื–ื™ืงื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคืชื— ื‘ื”, ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื•ืขื“ ื”ืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืžืงื“ืฉ). ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืงื•ืจืกืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืฉืžื” ืœื” ืœื“ื’ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืืš ื”ืชืขืœืžื”, ื•ืืฃ ื”ืชื ืชืงื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ืžื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื”. ืœืคืชืข ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ (ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื ื• ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื). ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื—ื–ืจืชื ื• ืœืืจืฅ ื›ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ืืœื ื›ืžืงื•ื ืžืคืœื˜ ืœื—ื™ื™ื "ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื™ื" ืžื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืœื”, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื”ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช ื”ื ื”ืžื˜ืจื”, ื•ืœืžืขื ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืขื•ื•ืœื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช. ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ืืฃ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืฉืคืœื™ื, ื•ืœื›ื”ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืชื•ืฆืืชื” ื”ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ.

ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืจื•ื— ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื”ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืืชื›ืกื™ื (ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง) ืœืจื•ื— ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืฉืžื” ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื•, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื›ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžืชืคื•ืจืจืช. ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื’ื ืœืกืคื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื˜ืขื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื• ื”ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืื’ื•ืฆื ื˜ืจื™. ืื•ืœื ืืฃ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืš ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื— ื–ื• ืขืฆืžื” ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืื”ื‘ื” (ื›ื ื’ื“ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ืงื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”). ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื—ื ื ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ื›ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืืœื• ืขืฆืžื, ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ, ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืฃ ืœืงืฉืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขื ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš. ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืขื– ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉืชืขืœื” ื•ืชืขื“ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื (ื•ืœื ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืจืง ื›ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืช), ื•ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืžื™ื”ื” ืœื™ืฆื™ืงืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืžืจืขื ืŸ ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืœืขืžื™ื“ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”'. "ืžืฉื™ื— ืืชื ืœืืชื‘ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืชื™ื•ื‘ืชื" โ€“ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœื”ืœืœ ื•ืœืฉืžื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื’ืžืœื ื• ื”' ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื ื• ืœืืจืฅ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœืฉืœื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช, ืžื›ื•ื— ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืขืฆืžื”, ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“. ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื "ืคื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช". ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช, ืื”ื‘ืช ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืฉืžื” ืื—ืช, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื, ื•ืื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื‘ืฉื™ืœ ื”ื›ืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื›ืขืช ืื ื• ืืœื• ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ืœ ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ. ืื ื• ืืœื• ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ืžืžื ื”, ื•ืœืคืชื— ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ืช ืืžื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื“ื•ืฉื”.

ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืžืชืคืœืœืช
ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืงื™"ื— ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื: "ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ืžึธืึฒืกื•ึผ ื”ึทื‘ึผื•ึนื ึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืœึฐืจึนืืฉื ืคึผึดื ึผึธื”. ืžึตืึตืช ื”' ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื–ึผึนืืช ื”ึดื™ื ื ึดืคึฐืœึธืืช ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ. ื–ึถื” ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”' ื ึธื’ึดื™ืœึธื” ื•ึฐื ึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึฐื—ึธื” ื‘ื•ึน". ืื•ืœื ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ: "ืึธื ึผึธื ื”' ื”ื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึธื” ื ึผึธื ืึธื ึผึธื ื”' ื”ึทืฆึฐืœึดื™ื—ึธื” ื ึผึธื". ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ืฉ ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื”, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ื•ื ืžืœื›ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื™ืขื ื•. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืฆื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื): "ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ... ืขื“ ืฉื™ืชื™ื™ืืฉื• ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”". ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ? ืืœื, ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืจืง ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื ื•. ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื ื•ื•ื”, ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื•ืื™ืš ืžื•ืœื™ืš ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ื ื ื• ื ืคืชื—ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉืช ื’ืื•ืœื” ืžืžื ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš. ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ โ€“ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ื™ ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืจืื• ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ ื”' ืฆื™ื•ืŸ" ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืœืขื™ืŸ ื”ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ืช ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ืช. ืื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื ื ื“ืžื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืžืขื˜ ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœืช ื•ืชืžื”ื”, ืืš ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืฉืืช ืืช ืžื‘ื˜ื” ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืžืชืคืœืœืช. "ื•ืื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื”". ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื•ืชืจ ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื”, ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืช, ืœืฆื“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™. ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš, ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžื›ื”ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื”, ืฉืื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื”.

ืขื“ื™ื ื• ื”ืขืฆื ื™
ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื ืงืจื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžื•"ืง (ื˜ื– ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘) "ืขื“ื™ื ื• ื”ืขืฆื ื™ โ€“ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื“ืŸ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืชื•ืœืขืช, ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืฉื” ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืขืฅ". ืœืฆื“ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืฉ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœืœื ืคื—ื“ ื•ืžื•ืจื, ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืชื•ืœืขืช. ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืคืœื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ื•ืื™ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื ื’ื™ื ื”, ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื–ืžื•ืจื™ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื. ื•ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ, ืฉื–ืจืข ื”ื‘ืขืฉ"ื˜ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื–ืจืข ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš. ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื ื•, ืฉืื ื•, ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš, ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฆื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื, ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœืคืชื— ื‘ืงืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืฉืœ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืจืš ืจื•ื—, ื•ื“ืื’ื” ืœื›ืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื, ืฉื”ื-ื”ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ื-ื”ื ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจื ื•, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืœืงื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืžื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืฆื“ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘"ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื‘ืช", ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.

ืื‘ืŸ ืžืืกื• ื”ื‘ื•ื ื™ื
ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืฉื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช, ืื“ื ืฉื‘ื ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื•ืœืชื• โ€“ ื”ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ื•ื ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ืžื›ื”ื•. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื“ื ืฉื‘ื ืœื”ื–ื™ืง ืœืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžื ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื–ืžืžื•. ื•ื–ืืช, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื›ืื” ืื• ืžืขืฉื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš (ืื• ืฉืœื ืžื•ื ืขืช ื“ื‘ืจ) , ืงืœ-ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื›ื–ื• ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื™ื’ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœืœ, ืืœื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ "ื”ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืจื’ืš". ืื›ืŸ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืืžืจื•, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื“ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกืจ ื ื•ืฆืจื™, ืื• ืžืขื•ื•ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื”.
ืื•ืœื, ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื›ืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ื™ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ืžื‘ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฉื ืชืŸ". ืงืจื™ - ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืžืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืคืฉื˜, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืชืืžืชื• ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช. ืื™ื ื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืคืœื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื›ื” ืืช ืืœืžื•ื ื™, ืืœื ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืืŸ ื“ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื›ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ืฉืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจ ืœืžืœื—ืžืช ืื—ื™ื ืจื—"ืœ, ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื ื–ืง ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื ื•. ืืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™-ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื ื• ื›ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื ื•, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืœื“ืจื“ืจ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”. ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืื‘ืงื™ื ืฉื ื›ืคื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืจื—ื•ืง ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžืจื™ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืœื™ื. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืžื•ื ื” ืื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืจืช ื ืคืฉ ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ื”.

ืื—ื“ื•ืช
ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ืชืืจื’ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžื—ื ื ื•. ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื™ืฉื”, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช. ื•ื–ืืช โ€“ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื ืขืกื•ืง ืœืจื™ืง ื‘ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ื ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืขื•ืฆืžืชื ื• ื•ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื‘ื•ื ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื“ืจืš. ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื”, ื‘"ื”, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืชื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืžืื•ื—ื“ืช ื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ. ืฆืขื“ ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืฆื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืขืชื™ื“.

ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœื“ื•ื“
ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืœื ื–ื›ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืœื—ื ื•ื›ืชื•? ื•ืื›ืŸ, ืžื›ืืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ (ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืฉื™ืจื” ื) "ืฉื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื“ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื ืคืฉื• ืขืœื™ื• ื ืงืจื ืขืœ ืฉืžื•". ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืชืคืœืœ ื•ื™ื™ื—ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืื•ื“ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงืœื‘) โ€“ "ื–ึฐื›ื•ึนืจ ื”' ืœึฐื“ึธื•ึดื“ ืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึปื ึผื•ึนืชื•ึน. ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืœึทื”' ื ึธื“ึทืจ ืœึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘. ืึดื ืึธื‘ึนื ื‘ึผึฐืึนื”ึถืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืชึดื™ ืึดื ืึถืขึฑืœึถื” ืขึทืœ ืขึถืจึถืฉื‚ ื™ึฐืฆื•ึผืขึธื™. ืึดื ืึถืชึผึตืŸ ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึธื™ ืœึฐืขึทืคึฐืขึทืคึผึทื™ ืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืžึธื”. ืขึทื“ ืึถืžึฐืฆึธื ืžึธืงื•ึนื ืœื”' ืžึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธื ื•ึนืช ืœึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘". ื›ืžื™ื”ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืœื ื ืขื ืชื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื•, ืจืง ื”ืขืžื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื’ืžืชื• ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืจืง ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• "ืœื™ืช ืœื™ื” ืžื’ืจืžื™ื” ื›ืœื•ื". ื•ืื›ืŸ, ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืœ, ื) ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš, ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“, ืฉื–ื›ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, "ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื โ€“ ื“ื‘ืงื• ืฉืขืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”". ืœื ื ืคืชื—ื• ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืืžืจ โ€“ "ื”' ื-ืœื•ื”ื™ื ืืœ ืชืฉื‘ ืคื ื™ ืžืฉื™ื—ืš ื–ื›ืจื” ืœื—ืกื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื“ืš". ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืืš ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื ื‘ื ื” ืžื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื•.
ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœ"ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“", ืืš ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืงื•ื“ื ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื• ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื•. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื•, ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš, ื•ื‘"ื” ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื›ื™ "ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™ ื•ืงื™ื™ื"!
ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืชื’ืœืชื” ื‘ืขืžื•ื ื” ื ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืงื•ืžื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืืžืŸ.


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