ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช
  • ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช
undefined
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”

ื•ึทื™ึทึผื›ึตึผืจ ื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ ืึถืช ืึถื—ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืœึนื ื”ึดื›ึดึผืจึปื”ื•ึผ


ื”ึทืฉึผืึนื—ึทื“ ื™ึฐืขึทื•ึผึตืจ ืคึผึดืงึฐื—ึดื™ื ื•ึดื™ืกึทืœึผึตืฃ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื


ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื™ืš ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื•. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืจืื”ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• "ื™ืคื” ืชื•ืืจ ื•ื™ืคื” ืžืจืื”". ื™ื•ืคื™ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืœื˜, ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ืขืจื™ื (ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื‘ ื™ื). ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืืœื ืฉื”ืื—ื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืžื•ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื™ืชื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ืจื™. ื”ืžื•ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื: "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืจ ื›ึผึดื‘ึฐื›ึนืจึธืชื•ึน ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึผึธืขึดื™ืจ ื›ึผึดืฆึฐืขึดืจึธืชื•ึน", ื•ื”ื ืชืžื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš, "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐืžึฐื”ื•ึผ ื”ึธืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ". ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืœืš, ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืื™ืš ื”ื ืœื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื—ื™ื”ื?


ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืกืžื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืขืœ ืฉื•ื—ื“: "ื•ึฐืฉืึนื—ึทื“ ืœึนื ืชึดืงึผึธื— ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึนื—ึทื“ ื™ึฐืขึทื•ึผึตืจ ืคึผึดืงึฐื—ึดื™ื ื•ึดื™ืกึทืœึผึตืฃ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’ ื—). ื’ื ืคื™ืงื—ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคื— ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ื—ื“ ืฉืžืกืžื ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืงื ืื” ืฉื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืกืžืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.


ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื–ื—ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•, ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื ื• ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื™ืขื–ื• ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืคืœื” ืฉื ื—ืœื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ืฉืฉืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื. ืœื ืขื–ืจื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืžืื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœื ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื ื•ืฉื™ืœืžื ื• ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื‘ื“ ืžืื•ื“.


ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ


ื”ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื—ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ื’ื ืืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ืจืื• ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื–ืง ื•ืžื•ื—ืฉื™, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”ืืžืช ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื•ื”ื ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื. ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• "ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืขึทื ื‘ึผึธื ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืฆึธืคื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนื™ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื™ึตืขื•ึนืจ ืžึดื™ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึฐืชึตื™ ืึธืจึถืฅ: ืงึถืฉืึถืช ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ื“ื•ึนืŸ ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืงื•ึผ ืึทื›ึฐื–ึธืจึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึฐืจึทื—ึตืžื•ึผ, ืงื•ึนืœึธื ื›ึผึทื™ึผึธื ื™ึถื”ึฑืžึถื” ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืกื•ึผืกึดื™ื ื™ึดืจึฐื›ึผึธื‘ื•ึผ, ืขึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื›ึผึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืœึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ืขึธืœึทื™ึดืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ". ื‘ื‘ืœ ืขื•ืœื”. ืื•ืžื” ืื›ื–ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืคื ื™ื” ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”ืฉืงืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืžื–ืจื— ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ืงืจ.


ืคืงื™ื—ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื’ืื•ืœื”


ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืœืคืงื™ื—ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ืขื•ืœื, "ื•ึฐื”ึธืึตืจ ืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืจึธืชึถืšึธ", ื”ืืจืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื”. "ื ึธื’ึดื™ืœึธื” ื•ึฐื ึดืฉึนึฐืžึฐื—ึธื” ื‘ึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึถืšึธ"; ืœืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, "ืžึทื”ึตืจ ื•ึฐื”ึธื‘ึตื ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ืžึฐื”ึตืจึธื” ืžึตืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื›ึผึทื ึฐืคื•ึนืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ"; ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ ืžืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ื™ื•ืช "ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืจ ืขื•ึนืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืžึตืขึทืœ ืฆึทื•ึผึธืืจึตื ื•ึผ"; ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืงื•ืžื” ืื—ืจ ืงื•ืžื” "ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนืœึดื™ื›ึตื ื•ึผ ืžึฐื”ึตืจึธื” ืงื•ึนืžึฐืžึดื™ึผื•ึผืช ืœึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ื•ึผ"; ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœ ื”' "ื•ึฐืงึตืจึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื”". ื•ืขื•ื“.


ืฆื•ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•: ืื ื’ื ืชืฆื•ื ื•ื’ื ืชืชืงืŸ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ืš, "ื”ึฒืœื•ึนื ื–ึถื” ืฆื•ึนื ืึถื‘ึฐื—ึธืจึตื”ื•ึผ ืคึผึทืชึผึตื—ึท ื—ึทืจึฐืฆึปื‘ึผื•ึนืช ืจึถืฉืึทืข ื”ึทืชึผึตืจ ืึฒื’ึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ืžื•ึนื˜ึธื” ื•ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึทื— ืจึฐืฆื•ึผืฆึดื™ื ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžื•ึนื˜ึธื” ืชึผึฐื ึทืชึผึตืงื•ึผ". ืื– ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช "ืึธื– ื™ึดื‘ึผึธืงึทืข ื›ึผึทืฉึผืึทื—ึทืจ ืื•ึนืจึถืšึธ ื•ึทืึฒืจึปื›ึธืชึฐืšึธ ืžึฐื”ึตืจึธื” ืชึดืฆึฐืžึธื— ื•ึฐื”ึธืœึทืšึฐ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืฆึดื“ึฐืงึถืšึธ ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”' ื™ึทืึทืกึฐืคึถืšึธ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื ื—).


ืฆื•ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช


ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช


ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช (ืคืจืง ื“) ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ืฉ"ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื•ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช". ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉื”ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช.


ืืžื ื ื–ื• ืœื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื ื—ื•ืช (ื™ื ื–) ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™. "ื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืช (ืฉืœ ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื) ืžืชื—ืœืงื•ืช ืœืขืจื‘. ื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช - ืฉืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืื›ืœ ืœืขืจื‘. ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื“ืขืชืŸ ื™ืคื”".


ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื“ื ื” ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื ืฉืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืื• ืœื? ื”ืฉืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกืฃ ื ืื›ืœ ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืื›ืœ ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืœื ื‘ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื? ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื (ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืกื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉืจ ื ื). ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื• ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืืช ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™.


ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™


ืืžื ื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื”. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ืชื•ืงืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื ืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ืืฃ ืคืขื ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืื• ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ื™ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืŸ ืจืฆื•ืคื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืื•ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ (ืจ"ื” ื› ืข"ื‘).


ืœื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืœื ืื“"ื• ืจืืฉ, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื ื“' ื•' ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืื• ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”"ืœ ืฉื›ื— ื). ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืœื ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืืกืชืจ, ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจื™ื”ื.


ื”ื’ืžืจื ื’ื ื“ื ื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ )ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืž ืข"ื‘). ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื“"ื• ืคืกื—. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ืคืกื— ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื‘' ื“' ื•' (ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื›ื— ื).


ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื• ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื"ืช ื‘"ืฉ (ืฉื•"ืข ืชื›ื— ื’). ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“"ื•. ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื“"ื•, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘.


ืžืชื™ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืชืขื ื™ืช ื•ืžืชื™ ืžืื—ืจื™ื?


ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื•ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื ื“ื—ื™ื ืœื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ืœื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ "ืืงื“ื•ืžื™ ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืœื ืžืงื“ืžื™" (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื” ืข"ื). ื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ืื ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืืกืชืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื”ืื—ืช, ื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ืืœื ืฆื•ื ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื”ืžืŸ ื•ืจืฉืขื™ื•, ืœื›ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืœื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืคื•ืจื™ื (ืฉื•"ืข, ืื•"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจืค"ื•).


ื•ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืืกืชืจ ืœื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื‘ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืชืขื ื™ืช ื•"ืœืคื™ ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืชื—ื ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช" (ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื•"ื— ืชืจืคื•).


ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื‘ึผึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”


ืื ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ืœืžื” ืฆืžื™ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื—ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื™? ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื›ื™ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื‘ื ื”ืฆื•ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช โ€“ ืฆืžื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื“ื—ื” ืžื–ืžื ื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืืกืชืจ โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืœื• ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืืœื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™.


ื˜ืขื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ื•ืžื• ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" )ืื•"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงื ) ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืึตืœึทื™ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื”ึทืชึผึฐืฉืึดื™ืขึดื™ืช ื‘ึผึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึธืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื‘ึผึถืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืจ ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืœึตืืžึนืจ: ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึธื“ึธื ื›ึผึฐืชึธื‘ ืœึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ืฉืึตื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืึถืช ืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืกึธืžึทืšึฐ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึธื‘ึถืœ ืึถืœ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ื‘ึผึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื›ื“, ื-ื‘). ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ: "ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืœึธืื›ึธื” ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนื ื›ึผึดืคึผึปืจึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื ืœึฐื›ึทืคึผึตืจ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนืงึตื™ื›ึถื".


ืœื›ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื "ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื• ืœื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ" ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื”"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ "ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื–ื”" ืื‘ืœ ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืœื ืฆืžื™ื ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™.


ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ืŸ


ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช


ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžืืžืจ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ (ื›ืจืš ื“ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“) ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ (ื“ืฃ ืž' ืข"ื‘) ืฉืฉื•ืืœืช: "ื•ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื”: ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืื™ื‘ืขื™ื ืœืŸ: ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ ื“ื™ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืชื ื‘ืžืขืœื™ ืฉื‘ืชื, ืžื”ื• ืœืืฉืœื•ืžื™? ืœื ื”ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”. ืืชืื™ ืœืงืžื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”".


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื•ืืœืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืืœื ืžืขื˜, ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฆื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืชื™ืื‘ื•ื ื• ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืื ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืชื• ืื• ืฉื™ื˜ืขื ืžืขื˜ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช? ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืœื›ื”, ืืœื ืจืง ืกื™ื™ื’ ืฉืขืฉื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืขื‘.


ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™


ืจื‘ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืžื ืกื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืขืฆืžื•. "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื: ื ื—ื–ื™ื™ื” ืื ืŸ (ื ืจืื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื ื•): ื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื•ืื•ื›ืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื”. ืชื ื™ื, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”: ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื, ื•ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืฉื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื• ื‘ื™ืฆื” ืžื’ื•ืœื’ืœืช ื•ื’ืžืขื” ื‘ืœื ืžืœื—. ื•ืœื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชืื‘ ืœื”, ืืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื”.


ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ืžืชืขื ื” ื•ืžืฉืœื™ื. ืืžืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™: ืื™ ืืชื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœื™ ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ืฉื—ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืžืคืกื™ืง ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื? - ืืžืจื• ืœื•: ืื‘ืœ. - ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืžื” ืœื™ ืœื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื”, ืžื” ืœื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื”? - ืืžืจื• ืœื•: ืื ืืžืจืช ืœืฆืืช ืžืžื ื” - ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื•, ืชืืžืจ ืœื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ื ื” - ืฉืœื ืื›ืœ ื•ืฉืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื•. ื•ืืžืจ ืขื•ืœื: ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™". ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื™ืงื” ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืžื ืข"ื‘): "ื“ืจืฉ ืžืจ ื–ื•ื˜ืจื ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื: ื”ืœื›ื” - ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ืŸ". ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืžื™ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข.


ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื™ืฉืœื™ื - ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ


ื”ื˜ื•ืจ (ืจืž"ื˜) ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืชืขื ื” ืขื“ ืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื•ืœืžืขืœื”. ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืœื ืฉืงืขื” ื—ืžื” - ื ืงืจื ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.


ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื—ืœืง ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืžืฉืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืจืง ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”. ื”ืจืž"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืื™ืจ ื•ืคื•ืกืง ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ (ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ืกื™' ืงื "ื–) ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“. ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.


ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ "ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื‘ื•ืจ - ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืื ื™ ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื (ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื) ื›ื›ืžื” ืจื‘ื•ื•ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืืฉื›ื ื– ื“ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™, ื•ืœืขืœืžื ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ื“ืขื‘ื™ื“ ื›ืžืจ ืขื‘ื™ื“, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื" (ื‘ื”"ืœ ื“"ื” 'ืื ืœื'). ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืž"ื ืคืกืง ืฉื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื ืฆืžื™ื ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.


ืื–ื›ืจื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช


ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืจืž"ื˜ ืกืขื™' ื“') ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื‘ืกืชื - ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆื•ื ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ืืžื ื ืื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืžืจ: "ืื ื™ ืฆื ืขื“ ืื—ืจ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช", ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื - ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ.


ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื›ืจื” ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฆื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืช ืื• ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืฆื ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื” - ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืื ื™ืฆืื” ื”ืื–ื›ืจื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื - ื”ืจื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืฆื•ื ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ืชื ืื™. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืฆื ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืขืœ ืืžื• ืœ"ืข, ืฉืื ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆื•ื ืจืง ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื•ืงื“ื.


ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืฆื ื‘ื• ื›ื ื”ื•ื’ ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉ"ืœ (ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืกื™' ื˜') - ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉื ื”ื’ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื˜"ื– (ืก"ืง ื’') ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื•ืœ ืœื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืฆื•ื ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืฉื ืก"ืง ื›"ื‘ ื•ื›ื”"ื— ืก"ืง ื›"ื˜, ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื”ื˜"ื– ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš). โ€ƒ


ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ื


ืจื—ืฆื” ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช


ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื”, ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื. ืืœื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ืื ืœืฆื•ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘: "ืฆื•ึนื ื”ึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดื™ืฉืึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึธืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐืฉื‚ึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐืžึนืขึฒื“ึดื™ื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึธืœื•ึนื ืึฑื”ึธื‘ื•ึผ" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื™ื˜). ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื, ืœืžื“ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื“ - ื”ืฆื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉ - ืœื ืฆืžื™ื. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉืžื“ - ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืขื (ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงื  ืก"ืง ื•).


ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘"ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœืฆื•ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืงืœื— ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘. ื•ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ืชืงื  ื›) "ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื˜' ื‘ืื‘, ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื™ืฆื” ื•ืกื™ื›ื” ื•ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ืกื ื“ืœ ื•ืชืฉืžื™ืฉ ื”ืžื˜ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘ื”ื ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื".


ื‘ืขืœ ื ืคืฉ ื™ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ


ื”ื‘"ื— ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื• ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ืชืงืœื— ื‘ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” "ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื ืคืฉ ื™ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื˜"ื‘, ืืœื ืฉืื ื—ืœ ืœื™ืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื™ืงื™ื™ื ืขื•ื ืชื• ื•ื’ื ื‘ื ืขื™ืœืช ื”ืกื ื“ืœ ืœื ื™ื—ืžื™ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื—ื•ื›ื ื•ื˜ืœื•ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ืœ ื™' ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื‘ืข"ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื—ืžื™ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช". ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืกืชืคืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฆื•ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช.


ื˜ื•ืขืžื™ื” ืœื ื–ื›ื•


ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื˜ืขื•ื ืืช ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืื• ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื‘ืœื•ืข ืื•ืชื• ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื•ืœื˜ื•. ืืžื ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืกื•ืจ ื’ื ืœืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื˜ืขื•ื ืืช ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื.


ืžืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ืงื•ืช


ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื ืฉ"ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื•ืช โ€“ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช" (ืชืง"ืŸ ืก"ื). ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ืžืจืŸ ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื˜' ื‘ืื‘ (ืชืงื "ื“, ื”'): "ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜' ื‘ืื‘. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื’' ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช".


ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืงื˜ื ื™ื


ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ืื›ืœื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฆื•ื ืžื™ื“, ืจืง ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ืงืฆืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ืฆืขืจ ื”ืฆื•ื. ื•ื’ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืžื• ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 13 ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœื‘ืŸ, ื•-12 ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ื•ื ืœื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืื—ืจื• ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืื• ืฉืขื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ืœื ื™ืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื•ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื ื—ืžืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืง"ืŸ ืก"ื, ื•ืกื™' ืชืงื "ื“ ืก"ื”).


ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ ื•ื—ื•ืœืฉื”, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•. ื›ื™ ืœื‘ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžืจืช ื ืคืฉื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืคืกื•ืง ืœืขืฆืžื•.


ื—ืชืŸ


ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืื™ืจืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ ื—ื•ืคืชื• ืื—ื“ ืžื“' ืฆื•ืžื•ืช โ€“ ืฆื. ื›ืš ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœื”. ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื (ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื‘ืื”"ืœ ืชืง"ืŸ) ืฉื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื• ืฉืœ ื—ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื•ื”ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืœื ืชื‘ื•ื ืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืชื“ื—ื” ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.


ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ (ืฉื ื” ื' ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™"ื–) ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื™ืชืขื ื” ื•ื™ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืขื ื”. ื•ืคื” ืขื™ืจื ื• ื ื”ื’ื• ื“ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขื ื”" ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘. ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ืœื ื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืจืง ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื’ื ืื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืžืชืขื ื™ื.


ืžื•ื”ืœ, ืกื ื“ืง ื•ืื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ


ื™ืฉ ืžืชื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื•ื”ืœ ื•ืกื ื“ืง ื•ืื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื - ื•ืžื™ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื ื”ืฆื•ื ื ื“ื—ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืฆื•ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื•, ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฆื•ื ื›ื›ืœ ืื“ื.


ืœื ืœื”ืชืขื“ืŸ


ื›ืœ ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ืชืขื“ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื•ืžืžืชืงื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœื ื‘ืฉืจ ืืœื ืจืง ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืชืง"ืŸ ืก"ืง ื˜', ืชืงื ื“ ืก"ืง ื›ื’). ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื ืฆืจืš ืœื”ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ืช.


ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ: ืคืขื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืื“ื ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ื’ืœื™ื“ื”. ืคื ื™ืชื™ ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, ืื•ืœื™ ืฉื›ื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื? ืืš ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™, ืœื ืฉื›ื—ืชื™, ืืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื—ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื™ ืฆื. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•: ืื ื›ืš ืชืื›ืœ ื‘ืฆื ืขื, ื•ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื’ืœื™ื“ื” ืื• ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“.


ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช


ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื ื—ื”


ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” (ื•ื”ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ืื•ืชื”). ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืชืงื ) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื "ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜" ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืืจื‘ืขื” ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืชืขื ื™ืช (ืคืจืง ื“) ืฉืื ืฉื™ ืžืขืžื“ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื˜ืจื•ื“ื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘"ื™ ื•ื”ืžื’"ื ืก"ืง ื•) ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ื“ื ื•ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ืชืคืจื™ืข ืœื”ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช.


ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื”


ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืชื—ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืœื—ืฉ ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืฉ"ืฅ ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืขื ื ื•" (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืชืงืŸ ืก"ืง ื™ื˜' ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืก"ืง ื™"ื). ืื ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” - ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื” ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ืื ื”ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื” - ื™ืฉ ืžืชื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื, ื•ืื ื• ืœื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื’ื•ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ.


ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื”


ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื‘ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”, ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื”, ื•ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืชื•, ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืžื™ื“. ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.


ื™ืฉ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื”, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืจืง ืื ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ืžื ื—ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื—ืžื”. ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ "ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื" ื•"ืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ" ื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื“ืฉ ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื‘ื–ืžื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืงื•ื“ื ื–ืžื ื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ.


ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ


ืœื”ื–ื“ืจื– ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืชืขื ื™ืช


ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ืจืื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื“ื ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื–ื“ืจื– ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืฆื•ื.


ืœื ื“ื•ื—ื™ื "ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื" ื•"ืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœ" ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœื•ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœื ืžื™ื“ ื›ืฉื ื›ื ืกื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื ื’ื™ื ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘. ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“, ืฉืื•ืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื.


ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืžืงื“ืฉืช ืœืขืฆืžื”


ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ืžืชืขื›ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ื•ืก ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ืขื•ืฉื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”.


ืœื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืชืฉืชื” ืขื•ื“ ื›ื•ืก ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื“' ืื• ืฉืชืื›ืœ ืขื•ื’ื” ื•ื›ื“', ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื”. ื•ืื•ืœื ืื ื‘ืขืœื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื”, ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช.


ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ


ืื ืฉื•ืชื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืื—ืจื™ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”.


ืžื™ ืฉืื›ืœ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” "ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช" ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš "ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”", ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื•ืœื ื™ืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”. ื•ืื ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš "ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ื”" ืงื•ื“ื "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื›ืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ืจืง ื™ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืคื˜ืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.


ืžื™ ืฉืื›ืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืฉืชื” ืžืฉืงื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ื•ืฉื›ื— ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืงื•ื“ื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื", ื™ื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ืจืช ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื›ืœ ืื• ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืŸ ืฉืฉืชื” (ื‘ื"ื— ื ืฉื ื’').


ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืื• ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืžื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืืœื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื". ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ืจื›ืช "ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ" ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื‘ื•ืจื ื ืคืฉื•ืช". ืืžื ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจื ื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื™ืฅ ืขื ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืฆืžื ื•ืฉืชื” ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ืœื ื™ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš ื”ืฉื•ืชื” ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื‘ื•ืจื ื ืคืฉื•ืช" ืœืคื ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.


ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึธืœื•ึนื ืึฑื”ึธื‘ื•ึผ


ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืชืงื ) ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื–ื›ืจื™ื” (ื— ื™ื˜) ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื "ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœื ืชืฆื•ืžื• ื‘ื”ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืคืฅ ืœื”' ื‘ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ืฉืชืื”ื‘ื• ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื".


ื•ืื ื ืื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื (ื›-ื›ื’): "ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืขึนื“ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึตื™ ืขึธืจึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืช: ื•ึฐื”ึธืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื™ื•ืฉืึฐื‘ึตื™ ืึทื—ึทืช ืึถืœ ืึทื—ึทืช ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื ึตืœึฐื›ึธื” ื”ึธืœื•ึนืšึฐ ืœึฐื—ึทืœึผื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืึตืœึฐื›ึธื” ื’ึผึทื ืึธื ึดื™: ื•ึผื‘ึธืื•ึผ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนื™ึดื ืขึฒืฆื•ึผืžึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื ื•ึผืœึฐื—ึทืœึผื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”': ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึธื”ึตืžึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืงื•ึผ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืœึฐืฉืึนื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึฑื–ึดื™ืงื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐื ึทืฃ ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื ึตืœึฐื›ึธื” ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืžึทืขึฐื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.


 


ืกื™ืคื•ืจ


ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื™


ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืœื–ื›ืจ ื”ื ืจืฆื—ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืื”.


ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืคื•ื ื™ื‘ื–' ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืคืขื ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ืขืžื“ ืœื™ื“ ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉื‘ื ื” ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก ื•ืงืจื: "ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก! ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก! ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืืชื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื? ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืžืžืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื“ื ื• ื—ื™ ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆื—!".


ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืš ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืงืืœื™ื‘ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื (ื›ืš ื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื”ืจื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืงืืœื™ื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ), ืฉื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื‘ืคืจื”ืกื™ื” ื•ื‘ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™-ืจื‘ ื“ื—ื“ ื™ื•ืžื. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื•ืื” ืขื™ื ื•ื”ื• ื•ื”ืชืขืœืœื• ื‘ื• ื•ืชืœืฉื• ื–ืงื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ื–ืืช ืฉืœื ื™ืฆืžื— ืขื•ื“, ื•ื“ื—ืคื•ื”ื• ืœืชื ื”ื’ื–ื™ื. ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื• ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืฆืขืง ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื• ืœืงืจื•ื "ืฉืžืข" ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื: "ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืื ืืชื” ืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืืฆืขืง ื•ืืœืžื“ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฆืขื•ืง 'ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ' ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™!". ืฉืžืข ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืชืคื™ืœืชื• ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืžืชื•ืš ืชื ื”ื’ื–ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืฆืœ ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”'. ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืงืืœื™ื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื” ื•ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื™ืืžืจื• "ืฉืžืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืื—ืจื™ "ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉื‘ื—", ื•ืืช ื“ืจืฉื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ื™ื ื‘"ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข" ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจ.


ืคืขื ื‘ื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื•ืงืจื: "ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”! ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”! ืื™ืคื” ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืื™ืคื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืœื ืฆื—!".


ืขืฆื ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื–ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื™ื•ืžื ืก"ื˜, ื‘'): "ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ืจืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื•... ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืืœืžืœื ืžื•ืจืื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื™ืืš ืื•ืžื” ืื—ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช", ื›ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ 70 ื–ืื‘ื™ื.


ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ื• ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”' ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืœืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืŸ ืžืขื•ืœื, ื›ืŸ ื™ืจื‘ื•, ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืื“ื™ืจื”. ืืžืŸ.


 


 


ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”


 


 


ื‘ื•ืจื ืจืคื•ืื•ืช. ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”? ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืœืคื ื™ ืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ?


 ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืคื”. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ: ืžื•ื“ึดื™ื ืึฒื ึทื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ืœึธืšึฐ ื”' ืึฑืœื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึตืืœื”ึตื™ ืึฒื‘ื•ืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœื”ึตื™ ื›ึธืœ ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ. ื‘ึผื•ึนืจึตื ืจึฐืคื•ึผืื•ึนืช. ืฉืึทืชึผึธื” ื—ื•ื ึตืŸ ืœึฐืึธื“ึธื ื“ึผึทืขึทืช ื•ึผืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ืœึถืึฑื ื•ืฉื ื‘ึผึดื™ื ึธื” ืœึดืžึฐืฆึนื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึทืžึฐืฆึดื™ื ื—ึดืกึผื•ึผืŸ ืœึทืžึผึทื’ึผึตืคึธื” ืฉืึถื’ึผึธื‘ึฐืชึธื” ื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื” ืงึธืจึฐื‘ึผึธื ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึผื‘ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื›ึผึปืœึผื•ึน. ืึธื ึผึธื ื”' ืฉืึฐืœึทื— ืจึฐืคื•ึผืึธื” ืฉืึฐืœึตืžึธื” ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื—ื•ืœึตื™ ืขึทืžึผึถืšึธ. ืจึฐืคึธืึตื ื•ึผ ื”' ื•ึฐื ึตืจึธืคึตื ื”ื•ืฉืึดื™ืขึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื ึดื•ึผึธืฉืึตืขึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึฐื”ึดืœึผึธืชึตื ื•ึผ ืึธืชึผึธื”. ื•ึฐื”ึทืขึฒืœึถื” ืึฒืจื•ึผื›ึธื” ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืคึผึตื ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืชึผึทื—ึฒืœื•ึผืึตื™ื ื•ึผ. ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทื›ึฐืื•ื‘ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทื›ึผื•ืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ. ื›ึผึดื™ ืึตืœ ืจื•ืคึตื ืจึทื—ึฐืžึธืŸ ื•ึฐื ึถืึฑืžึธืŸ ืึธืชึผึธื”. ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐืจึธืฆื•ืŸ ืึดืžึฐืจึตื™ ืคึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึถื’ึฐื™ื•ืŸ ืœึดื‘ึผึดื™ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ. ื”' ืฆื•ึผืจึดื™ ื•ึฐื’ืึฒืœึดื™.


 




ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
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