ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ
  • ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืฃ-ื ืคืฉ ื ื›ื ืกื” ืืกืชืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืœืš ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื“ืขื” "ืืฉืจ ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืืฉื” ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืืœ ื”ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ึดืงึผึธืจึตื, ืื—ืช ื“ืชื• ืœื”ืžื™ืช" (ืืกืชืจ ื“, ื™ื). ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืฉืจื‘ื™ื˜ ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ื ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืฉืœื ืชืžื•ืช, ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื” ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื”ืชืคืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืื™ื–ื• ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ืžื ืขื” ืžืœืขื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืืœื ืืžืจื” "ืื ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื˜ื•ื‘, ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ืืœ ื”ืžืฉืชื” ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื•".

ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื”ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืขื•, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉื•ื‘ "ืžื” ืฉืืœืชืš ื•ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืš, ื•ืžื” ื‘ืงืฉืชืš, ืขื“ ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ึฐืชึตืขึธืฉื‚" (ืืกืชืจ ื”, ื•). ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืชืžื”ื•ื ื ื• ืืกืชืจ ื ืžื ืขื” ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืœืขื ื•ืช ืœืฉืืœืชื•, ืืœื ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืฉืึธื” "ืึดื ืžึธืฆึธืืชึดื™ ื—ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ, ื•ึฐืึดื ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืœึธืชึตืช ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึตืœึธืชึดื™ ื•ึฐืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืึถืช ื‘ึผึทืงึผึธืฉืึธืชึดื™, ื™ึธื‘ื•ึนื ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึฐื”ึธืžึธืŸ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึถืขึฑืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึธื”ึถื, ื•ึผืžึธื—ึธืจ ืึถืขึฑืฉื‚ึถื” ื›ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ: (ืืกืชืจ ื”, ื—). ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืžื—ืจ"?

ื“ืจืฉื” ืฉืœ ื—ื–"ืœ ื™ื“ื•ืขื”, ืข"ืค ืžื“ืจืฉ "ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™" ืœืžืงืจื ื–ื” (ืจืžื– ืชืชืจื "ื•), ืฉื›ืœ ืžืคืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง ื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืžื—ืจ", ื•ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ ื‘"ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ" (ืขืœ ืืกืชืจ ื”, ื”; ืขืž' ืงืกื–). ื•ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื•ื˜ื ืจ ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ("ืคื—ื“ ื™ืฆื—ืง, ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืขืž' ืžื). ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื ืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืคืฉื˜ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ "ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื™ื“ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•" (ืฉื‘ืช ืกื’, ื). ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ืช ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืืกืชืจ, ื•ื›ืžื• ืœื”ืชืœ ื‘ืžืœืš. ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ืชืคืจืฆื” ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืืœ ื”ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ืœื ืขื ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื” ืชื‘ืงืฉ. ื•ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื•ื ื”ืžืœืš ืืœ ื”ืžืฉืชื”, ื ืžื ืขื” ืžืœืขื ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื™ืฉืชื•. ื•ื”ืจื™ ืขืœื•ืœ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ืœื›ืขื•ืก ืขืœ ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืจื’ ืืช ื•ืฉืชื™, ืฉื’ื ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืฉืžืขื” ื‘ืงื•ืœื•?

ื—ื™ืคืฉืชื™ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกืคืจื™ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืžื” ื™ืขื ื• ืขืœ ืฉืืœื” ื–ืืช. ืžืฆืืชื™ ืจืง ืฉืœืฉื” ืฉืขื ื•. ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื ื”ื "ืœ ืขื•ื ื” (ื”, ื•) "ืื™ื—ืจื” ืืกืชืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืชื”-ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ืจืืชื” ืฉื•ื ืื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ืช' ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืืชื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ื—ื–ืง ืœื‘ื”". ื•ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืืกืชืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืงืฉื”. ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื•ื ื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ ืขื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ืชืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ? ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ื”ืฆืœื”, ืฉืขืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ? ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืœื ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžืกื›ื ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืชื•ืขืœืช!

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื•ืืœื™, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื‘ืจ ืœืจืžื—"ืœ, ืขื•ื ื” 1 ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื ืชืžืœืื• ืฉืœืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืข"ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื "ื—ืกื“", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื” ืœืžืœืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”. ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืงืฉื” ืœืงื‘ืœ, ื›ื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืงื ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืฆื•ื ืžืžืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื™ืžื™ื ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื™ื•ื. ื•ืœืคื™ ืžื”ืจ"ืœ, 2 ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ื”ืฆื•ื ื‘ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื•ึฐื˜ึธืขึฒืžื•ึผ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจื™ ื—ืกืจื• ืข"ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื ื›ื ืกื” ืœื—ืฆืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืžืชื™ ืฉื ื›ื ืกื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืžืชื™ื ื” ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืข"ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืช?

ื”ืคืจืฉืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™, ื‘ืขืœ "ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงื—" ืขืœ ืืกืชืจ, ืฉื”ื’ืจ"ื ื”ืขืชื™ืง ืžืžื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”. ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ, ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื’ื ืืกืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืฉืชื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื, ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื—ื“ ืืชื•. ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื—ืชื” ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืจืช. ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื—ืœื•ืฉื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืฆืคืชื” ืžืจืืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืื–, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืขื™ื›ื‘ื” ื›ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœื—ืฆืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืจืช, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืคื•ื–ื” ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืžื™ื“. ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืกืŸ, ื•ืขื“ ืื“ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉืžื“ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืงืฉ.

ื•ื‘ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื‘"ืชื•ืจื” ืชืžื™ืžื”" (ืขืœ ืืกืชืจ ืคืจืง ื” ืก"ืง ื˜"ื•), ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื ื•: "ื›ื™ ืžึดื˜ึถื‘ึทืข ื—ื•ื ื”ืžืฉืชื” ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืขืœ, ืœืจื—ืžื™ื ืื• ืœืจื•ื’ื–. ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืœื” ื™ื—ื•ืก ื”ืžืœืš ืขืœื™ื”, ืื• ืฉื™ืชืจื’ื– ืขืœ ื”ืžืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื”".

ื•ืœื–ื” ืื ื™ ืžืฆืจืฃ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘"ื—ืžืฉ ืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช" ("ื“ืขืช ืžืงืจื", ื”ื•ืฆ' ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, ืžื‘ื•ื ืœืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ, ืขืž' 6) ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืจืš ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืœืš ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ, ืื ื”ื•ื ื–ื”ื” ืœืืจืชื—ืฉืฉืชื, 3 ืฉืฆื™ื•ื” ืœื”ืคืจ ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ืขื–ืจื ื“, ื–). ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืจ ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืŸ ืคืœื•ื˜ืืจื›ื•ืก, ื‘ื‘ื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื‘ื• ืกืžืš ืขืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช-ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกืจ ื›ื™ ืืจืชื—ืฉืกืชื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื›ื–ืจ ื’ื ืœื ืืžื ื™ื ืœื•, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืคืขืช ืคืœื’ืฉื™ื•, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื-ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืขืœืœื™ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ. ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชืคืืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชื›ืจ 4 (ืคืœื•ื˜ืืจื›ื•ืก, ืคืจืง ื•) [ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ]. ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื’ืขืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื "ื”ื•ึนื™ ื’ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึนืจึดื™ื ืœึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึนืช ื™ึธื™ึดืŸ, ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื—ึทื™ึดืœ ืœึดืžึฐืกึนืšึฐ ืฉืึตื›ึธืจ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื”, ื›ื‘) ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื "ื“ืขืช ืžืงืจื" ืื ืฉื™ื "ื”ืžืชืจืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื, ื•ืžื›ืœื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืžืชืžื›ืจื™ื ืœืฉืชื™ื”, ื”ืžืชืคืืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืชื›ืจ" [ืขื›"ืœ].

ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืก"ื“ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืืกืชืจ ื“ื—ืชื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืช ืžืฉืืœืชื” ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืจ. ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ืช ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืžืœืš ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืจืืฉื•ืŸ-ื‘ืžืขืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื˜ื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื”ืคืš ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื›ื–ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฉืชื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•, ืฉื™ืชืคืขืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ืœื—ืฆืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš, ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืฉืชื” ืื– ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืฆื˜ืจื›ื” ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฉืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืŸ.

ื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ืงื•ืจื“ื ืฆื™ื” ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื” "ืžืฉืชื”" ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื. ืืจื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืชืื•ืช ืฉืขืจืš ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ, ื•ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืข"ื™ ื•ืฉืชื™, ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืคืขื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืฉืชืื•ืช ืืกืชืจ. [ืื’ื‘, ืžื–ื” ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื—ื–"ืœ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืืจืขื• ืข"ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ]. ื”ื’ื“ืจืช "ืžืฉืชื”" ืื™ื ื” ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืœื—ื ื•ื‘ืฉืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื ืงืจื "ืกืขื•ื“ื”" ืืœื "ืžืฉืชื”". ืื‘ืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ืžืฉืชื”" ืกืชื ืืœื ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืžืœืช "ื™ื™ืŸ", "ืžืฉืชื” ื™ื™ืŸ" (ืืกืชืจ ื”, ื•; ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืจืง ื–, ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘, ื–, ื— ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื ื ื•, ืขืช ื ื™ืกืชื” ืืกืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื”ื™ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. 5 ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉื ื•ืช-ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืืกืชืจ ืงื™ื•ืชื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืžื”ืžืœืš ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขืžื”, ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืคืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืคืœื•ื˜ืืจื›ื•ืก ื”ืžืœืš ื”ื–ื” [ืืจืชื—ืฉืกืชื] ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืจื’ืœ ืžืื“ ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืื™ื‘ื“ ืขืฉืชื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืจืื•ืชื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืฉืึธื” ื“ื—ื™ื” ืœื™ื•ื ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืฉืžื ืžื—ืจ ืชืฆืœื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืœืื•ืช ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขืžื”, ื•ืฉืžื ืื’ื‘ ื›ืš ื’ื ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืŸ.

ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”! ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”. ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ื™ื‘ืฉื™ืœื• ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื-ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื”, ืžืืฉืจ ืœืื—ื•ื– ื‘ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืช ื—ืคื•ื–ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืกืคืง ื™ืฉ ืื ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“. ื’ื ื–ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช.



^ 1.ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืœืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช, ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืจื•ืช, ืื™ื›ื”, ืืกืชืจ, ืžื”ื“' ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืž"ื˜ ืขืž' ืจืœื—.
^ 2.ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืขืœ ืืกืชืจ ื“, ื˜ื–, ืขืž' ืงื ื—.
^ 3.ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืคืจืฉื ื™ื ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืืจืชื—ืฉืฉืชื ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืืกืชืจ (ื, ื’) ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ (ื”ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืขื–ืจื ื“, ื•) ืฉืฆื™ื•ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืชืจื’ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืฉื ืขืœ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืจ"ื ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืจืœื‘"ื’. ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ืจ' ืžืฉื” ืงืžื—ื™ [ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื“"ืง], ื•ื›ืŸ ืจ' ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื˜ืจืื ื™ [ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืžื”ื“' ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ "ืžืงืจืื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช- ื”ื›ืชืจ" ืœืกืคืจ ืขื–ืจื ื“, ื•]
^ 4.ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื” ื’ื ืจืžื– ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ืจืฉ ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืืฉืชื• ื•ึทืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืคื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืงื”ืœ ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืชื”, ืœืœื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ืฉืœื—ื” ืœื• ืข"ื™ ืฉืœื™ื— ืžืœื™ื ืžืขืœื™ื‘ื•ืช [ื›ืืŸ ืชืจื’ืžื ื• ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœืขื‘ืจื™ืช]: "ื•ื™ืงืฆื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœืš ืžืื“ ื•ื—ืžืชื• ื‘ืขืจื” ื‘ื•' (ืืกืชืจ ื, ื™ื‘) ืœืžื” ื“ืœืงื” ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš? [=ื”ืขืจืช ืฆื•ืจื™ืืœ, ืฉื”ืžืงืจื ื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ืœืฉื•ื ื•, ื’ื ืงืฆืฃ ื’ื ื—ื™ืžื”? ืืžืจื”] 'ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืกื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ื, ืื‘ื [=ื‘ืœืฉืืฆืจ, ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื”, ื] ืœืคื ื™ ืืœืฃ ืฉืชื” ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชื›ืจ, ื•ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ [ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ] ื”ืฉืชื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•'! ืžื™ื“ 'ื•ื—ืžืชื• ื‘ืขืจื” ื‘ื•' [ืขื›"ืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื]. ืœื ื›ืขืก ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืกืจื‘ื” ืœื‘ื•ื, ืืœื ื›ืขืก ืขืœ ืฉืคื’ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื‘ืžื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืืจ ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ืจื‘ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•, ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืœ ืขื ื•ืขื“ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ. ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ืขื•ื ืฉ ืžื•ืช. ื•ื”ืจื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื "ืœ].
^ 5.ื›ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื—ื–"ืœ "ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื‘, ื).



undefined

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืฆื•ืจื™ืืœ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืจ"ืž ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืฉืขืœื‘ื™ื, ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื. ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ืจ"ืž ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ.
ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื’
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ืชื ื•

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•" ื•ื”ื—ืœืชื” ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื” ืœื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจ"ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš" ื•ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื", ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืื•ื ืก ื ืขืจื”, ื•ืžื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืชืขืฉื”" ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื•ืฆืืช-ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช โ€“ ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื

    ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ืช? ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืคืจื”? ื•ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื’ืœ?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    5 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื—ื•ืงืช - ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืœื•ื— ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    47 ื“ืง'
    ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘"ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืจ ?

    ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•.

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื ืชื— ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•) ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื™ ื—ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื ื›ืกื™ื•. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืคืœืจ), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื’ื“ืจื™ ืžื”ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื‘ืจืื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื™ืชื—ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’ | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืงืจื—

    ืงื•ืจื— - ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงื•ืจื—, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    37 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื”

    ืคืกืงื” ืœ' - ืœ"ื

    ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” | ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช | ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ | ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ | ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืฉืœืืจ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช |ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ืœืœืื•ื.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    51 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”

    ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘

    ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘''ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘''ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘. ื”ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ื“ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ | ื›"ื˜ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค''ื•
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    1:02
    ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื

    ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื” - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”

    ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช | ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ | ืžืชืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืœื• ืœื | ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ | ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” | ืžืฆื™ืœ ืขืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืขืฉืงื• | ืคืชื— ืคื™ืš ืœืื™ืœื

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    38 ื“ืง'
    ืžืœื›ื™ื - ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™

    ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

    ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘' ืคืจืง ื›"ื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื›"ื‘ - ืœ'

    ืœืžื” ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื›ื™ืŸ? ื•ืžื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ืงื? ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ - ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื›ืŸ - ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื' , ืœ"ื— - ืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžื’ืœืžืช ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื”ืฉื’ืช ื ื—ืžื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืคืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืœื. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืชื’ืœื” ืข"ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ- ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช- ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื’ืœื” ืคืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื›"ื“ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il