ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช
  • ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืืžื•ื ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืืžื•ื ื”
  • ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืืžื•ื ื”
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืชื ื• ืœื”'
ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ (ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื, ื ืชื™ื‘ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”', ื) ื“ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืคืฉ ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืจึตืข (ื) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืฉืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืขื ืื—ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช; ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช. ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™, ืืœื ื”ื–ื•ืœืช ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžืš ื•ื‘ืฉืจืš. ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืจื•ืคื ื ืคืฉ ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•. ื›ืš ื’ื ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืจื•ืคื ื ืคืฉ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช "ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืœึฐืจึตืขึฒืšึธ ื›ึผึธืžื•ึนืšึธ" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื˜, ื™ื—), ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ื™ื ืš ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืš ืชืื”ื‘ ื’ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืš. ืืœื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื โ€“ ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื•ื”ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžืš. ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื™ื•, ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ื• ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืžืžื ื•. "ื”' ืึฑืœึนื•ื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื”' ืึถื—ึธื“" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื“). ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™. ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืชื ื• ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื ื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื˜ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ื ืคืฉื ื•.

ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื˜ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ืื“ื
ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื”' ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ (ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื”, ืื”ื‘ื” ื“):
ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ืืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื•ืขืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืžื—ืžืžืช ื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื•ื—, ืžืื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืขื ื•ื’ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืกื•ืฃ, ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื” ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื ื•ืขืžื ื•ืžืชืงื. ื•ืžื” ืื›ื–ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืงืข ื‘ืžื—ืฉื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืช ืขื“ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื— ืžืœื‘ื‘ื•.
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ืืฉ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ืื“ื ืฉืžื›ืกื” ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ืชื•ื›ื•, ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืืœ ืขืฆืžื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืงืข ื‘ืžื—ืฉื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ืœืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื‘ื•ืขืจืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ื•ืœืฆืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”.
ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื—ืœืง ื‘ื•, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืฉื—ื•ื—, ืžืชื’ืจืช ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ืกื” ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจืช ืขืœื™ื•, ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืจ. ืืžื ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ื’ื“ ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื”ื•ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื.
ื—ืกื“ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชืคืจืฅ ืžืžืกื’ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืกืœื•ืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉืคืขืช ื”ืขื“ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœืœ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืขื ื”ื“ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื•. "ืขึทื™ึดืŸ ืœึนื ืจึธืึธืชึธื” ืึฑืœึนื•ื”ึดื™ื ื–ื•ึผืœึธืชึฐืšึธ ื™ึทืขึฒืฉึถื‚ื” ืœึดืžึฐื—ึทื›ึตึผื” ืœื•ึน" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืกื“, ื’).
ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”' ื•ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื—ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœื•. ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช. ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื”, ืžืฆื‘ ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื“ื›ื ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ืืš ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื• ื’ื ืฆื“ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ (ืฉื, ื’):
ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”'... ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช... ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื“ืง, ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืกื‘ื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ... ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืžืœื ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืฉืคืข ืื•ืจ ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื—ืžื“ืช ื ื•ืขื ื”', "ื—ึถืกึถื“ ื”' ืžึธืœึฐืึธื” ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœื’, ื”).
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ" ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื”' ืคื•ืจืฆืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืื“ื. ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืš. ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื ืงืจื ื‘ืฉื ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'.
ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ื•ืœืคืชื— ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ืืœื ืจืง ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืกืœืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื›ืกื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ืชื•ื›ื” ื‘ื•ืขืจืช ืืฉ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืกืœืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื˜ื‘ืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ.

ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ื ืคืฉ. ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ (ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’, ืขืž' ืฉื™ื’) ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื—ืกื“:
ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืจื•ืื” ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื”, ื”ื—ื•ื“ืจืช, ืืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื”ืžืกื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช, ืืช ื”ื•ื“ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆืžื•ืชื•, ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ืœื•, ื‘ืคืืจ ืชืคืืจืชื•.
ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ืื•ืœื ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžืชื›ื•ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื”, ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืžื“ืข, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื. ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“ ื‘ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืฉื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืื“ื, ืฉืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื’ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื.
ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจื‘:
ื‘ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื”ื—ืกื“ ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืฉืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื•ื ื–ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืืช ื–ื™ื• ื”ื—ืกื“ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื•.
ื”ืจื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืจืง ืขืœ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ื—ืกื“, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ื•ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™, ืืช ื–ื™ื• ื”ื—ืกื“ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื•, ืืช ื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกื“. ื ื˜ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื’ืžื•ืœ ื—ืกื“, ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื, ื‘ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื”ืจื‘ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“ โ€“
ื–ื™ื• ื”ื—ืกื“ ืžืฆื“ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืงืจ ื•ืžืจื•ืžื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื’ื‘ ื•ื ืขืœื”, ืžื›ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ.
ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืขืœื” ืžืžื” ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ืชื•ื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืชื›ื•ื ืช ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืกื“, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘:
ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื’ืœื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืฆืœ ืขื ื™ื™ ืืจืฅ, ืจืง ืฉื”ื•ื“ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื ืคื ื™ืžื”, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื›ืฉื™ืคื’ืฉ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื–ื”.
ืื™ืŸ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ื–ืืช ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื•ืช. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื, ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื™ื ืื• ืฉื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื.
ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืขืžื•ืง ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืœืคื ื™ื, ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ื’ื ืื ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.
ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื–ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื”. ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืœืคื ื™ื, ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืื”ื‘ืช ื”', ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ.

ืื”ื‘ื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ื ื•, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื”. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื• ื ืืžืจ: "ื•ึทื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืœึผึตืืžึนืจ. ืฆึทื• ืึถืช ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื–ึนืืช ืชึผื•ึนืจึทืช ื”ึธืขึนืœึธื” ื”ึดื•ื ื”ึธืขึนืœึธื” ืขึทืœ ืžื•ึนืงึฐื“ึธื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืœึผึทื™ึฐืœึธื” ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื•ึฐืึตืฉื ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืชึผื•ึผืงึทื“ ื‘ึผื•ึน" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื•, ื-ื‘), ื•ื”ื”ืžืฉืš: "ืึตืฉื ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ ืชึผื•ึผืงึทื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึนื ืชึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึถื”" (ืฉื, ื•). ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืืฉ ืชื“ืœืง ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืžื” ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืš, ื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”? ืื•ืžื ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื˜ืจืช ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืคื“ืจื™ื (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื›ื•, ื‘), ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคื“ืจื™ื, ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืชื”ื™ื” ืืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื—, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืงืจื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื; ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืงืจื‘ืชื ื• ืืœื™ื•, ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืืœื™ื• ื•ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœื ื• ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื’ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ื”ืœื‘ ื ืฉืืจ ืื•ื”ื‘. ื™ืฉ ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืขื” ืฉืจืง ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืืฉ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื โ€“ "ืึตืฉื ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ ืชึผื•ึผืงึทื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึนื ืชึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึถื”". ืืฉ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืืฉ ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืืฉ ืฉื‘ื•ืขืจืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืฉืขื” ื’ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื: "ืึตืฉื ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ ืชึผื•ึผืงึทื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึนื ืชึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึถื”" (ืขื™' ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื”, ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืชืคื™ืœื” ื).
ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื—ืจื‘, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ื‘ื— ืฉื”ืืฉ ื“ื•ืœืงืช ื‘ื• โ€“ ื”ืืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช. ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื‘ื™ื˜ื ืœื ืคืกืง (ืขื™' ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื•). ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืขื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคืกืง. ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืœื ื”ืชืจื—ืงื” ืžืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื›ืื•ืžื” ื ืฉืืจื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื ืืžื ื”. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื™ืฆื’ื• ืืช ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืจืง ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื”, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ืฉื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืื ืฉื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื™ืฆื’ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื, ืืœื ืืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื›ื•ืœื”. ืืฉ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื ื›ื‘ืชื” ืžืขื•ืœื.
ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื•) ืฉืœืืฉ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ, ื•ื–ืืช ื›ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ื›ืฉืœ ื•ื‘ืขืจื” ื‘ื• ืืฉ ื–ืจื”, ืืฉ ื”ืชืื•ื•ื”, ืืฉ ืฉืœ ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืืฉ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœืกืœืง ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•. ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืืฉ ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืืฉ ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืืฉ ืื•ื›ืœืช ืืฉ (ื™ื•ืžื ื›ื, ื‘). ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ืœื‘ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ืจื‘ื” ื–, ื’). ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ืžื•ืงืจื‘ ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืžืขืœื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืชืžืกืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืกืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื“ ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื”ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืžืžืฉื•ืช.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืžื ื—ื ื ื—ื•ื ืžืฆ'ืจื ื•ื‘ื™ืœ, ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืžื–ืจื™ื˜ืฉ, ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืžืื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ื". ื‘ืคืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจืฉื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื. ืื—ืช ืžื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื™ื ื™, ื‘ื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ืžื•ืจื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืขืจื•ืš ืืช ื—ื ื•ื›ืช ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“, ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืืœื• ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืžื” ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืœืžื“ื ื•?
ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”"ืžืื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ื" (ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื™ื ื™) ืฉืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืžืœืžื“ื ื• ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'. ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื”ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื‘ืข ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“, ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืžืื”ื‘ื”, ื•ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืื›ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื™ ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืื›ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืจื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืžืฉืš ืืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืืœื•ื”ื™. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืช ื˜ืขืžื• ื”ืขืจื‘ ื•ื”ืžื•ืฉืš. ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื” ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืœื, ื”ืžืชื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืฉื ื ืžืฉืš ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืžืฆื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืื›ืœ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ, ืื“ื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืคื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ โ€“ ืžื™ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฉืš? ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขืœื™ื• ื—ืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ืœืžืขืœื” ื”ื—ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืื”ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ืช, ืžื™ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ื›ื•ื— ื–ื”? ืžืงื•ืจื• ืœืžืขืœื”. ืื ืื“ื ื ืฉื•ื™ ื•ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืืฉืชื•, ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืœืื”ื‘ืช ื”'.
ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœ ืœื–ื” (ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœ' ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™, ื’). ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช. ื–ื”ื• ืคืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ืžึทื” ื™ึผึธืคึดื™ืช ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึผึธืขึทืžึฐืชึผึฐ ืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื” ื‘ึผึทืชึผึทืขึฒื ื•ึผื’ึดื™ื" (ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื–, ื–), ื›ืœื•ืžืจ: ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื ืขื™ืžื” ื•ื”ื™ืคื”. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ืจึฐืึตื” ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืขึดื ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ" (ืงื”ืœืช ื˜, ื˜). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืืœ ืชืกืชืคืง ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื”, ืืœื ืชื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื–ื•, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืชืขืžื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืชื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืื”ื‘ืช ื”', ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”' ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ืจืื”. ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจื ื• ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื™ืจืื”. ืื ืฉื™ื ืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื™ืจื™ื•ืช, ื—ื•ืฉืš, ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืื• ืžื—ืœื•ืช. ืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืคื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•? ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื•ื— ืžื™ึทืจื. ืœื ื ืชืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจืงื™ื ื•ืจืขืžื™ื, ืืœื ืœื™ืจื ื•ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื (ืข"ืค ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื˜, ื). ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื™ืจืื” ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืงื‘"ื”, ื”ื™ืจืื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืœื ืœืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื“ืจื›ื ื ื’ืจืžืช ื”ื™ืจืื”.
ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื™ื ื™ "ื–ึถื” ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ื”'" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื˜, ื•), ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช, ื•ืืœื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื ื•ืช, ืœื ืืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื•ืช โ€“ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”'
ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ "ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืœื•ื™" ืœืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื” ื”ืคื•ืชื—ืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ืชึผึฐืฆึทื•ึผึถื” ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึฐื—ื•ึผ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื–ึทื™ึดืช ื–ึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืชึดื™ืช ืœึทืžึผึธืื•ึนืจ ืœึฐื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืช ื ึตืจ ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื–, ื›). ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจ' ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ืฆ'ื‘ (ื“"ื” ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ืš), ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื ืจ ืชืžื™ื“, ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ื ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืคื—ื“ื™ื ืื• ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืœืžืขืœื”, ืœื™ืจืืช ื”'. ื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืืช ื”', ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ึทืจืื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. "ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืœึนื•ื”ึดื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ืžึดืœึผึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•" (ืงื”ืœืช ื’, ื™ื“), ืœื™ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“. ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื ืžืžืฉื”ื•, ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืจืื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื.
ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ" (ื™ืชืจื• ื“"ื” ืขืž' ื’'), ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื "ื”ื•ื™ ืขืจื•ื ื‘ื™ืจืื”" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื–, ื), ืฉื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืจืง ืขื ื™ืจืื” ืื—ืช, ื™ืจืืช ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš. ืขืจื•ื ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื™ืจืื” ืื—ืจืช, ืœื™ืจื ืจืง ืžื”'.
ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช. ืื“ื ื ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืกื•ืจื™ื. ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืื•ื•ื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื? ื”ื›ืœ ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืžื ื•. ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื”ื ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื ืคืœื• ืžื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช ื•ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื ืคืœื•, ื ืฉื‘ืจื• ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ืขืจื™ื ื•ืืกื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึฐื—ื•ึผ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื–ึทื™ึดืช ื–ึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืชึดื™ืช ืœึทืžึผึธืื•ึนืจ ืœึฐื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืช ื ึตืจ ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“". ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช "ื–ืš", ื›"ื–, ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืข ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. "ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื–ึทื™ึดืช ื–ึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืชึดื™ืช", ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื ื›ืชืชื• ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื“ื• ื•ื ืฉืชื‘ืจื•. ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื ื‘ืจืื” ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ืžืืžืจื•ืช (ืื‘ื•ืช ื”, ื), ื‘ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ: "ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืฉืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืœื’, ื•), ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช โ€“ ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืกื“ืจ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืงื‘ืข ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืชืžื•ื“ื“, ื™ื“ืข ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืžืืžืฅ, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืื“ื ืคื™ืชื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืคืชื• ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืคื•ื›ื™ื ืžืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”'. ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื•ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ? ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช. ืื ืื“ื ืžืชืื•ื•ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ืŸ, ืฉื‘ืจ, ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืžื›ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื•ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื•, ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื”, ืœืคืชื— ืืช ื”ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื•ืžืขื ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืขื ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœ. ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื ืจ ืชืžื™ื“. ื”ื ืจ ื ืงืจื "ืชืžื™ื“" ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืคื•ื’ืฉ ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืจื•ืžื ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืขืœื” โ€“ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื”.

ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื”
"ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื•) ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœื•ึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ" (ืฉื ื”). ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื "ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ". ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ืœืคืชื— ืืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื’ืฉ, ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืœื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ. ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื–ื• ื‘ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” "ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ". ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืื“ื ืฉื™ืื”ื‘ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื• ืฆื•ืจืš. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื“ื ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจื— ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื”ื, ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ "ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš", ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื ืคืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื“ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”', ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื•. ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื "ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ". ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื›ื™ ื”ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืœื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœ, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื™ืœื ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืงื• ื•ืฉื‘ืข, ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืกืง ืžืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืžื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช. ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืชืื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืคืกื™ืง, ื•ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื”ืชืื•ื•ืช ืœื”ืŸ. ืืš ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ื–ื”: "ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืžื•ื ืš" ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื˜, ื”). "ืึนื”ึตื‘ ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ" (ืงื”ืœืช ื”, ื˜). ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื, ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืขื•ื“, ืขื“ ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืข ืžืžื ื•. ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”', ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืขื•ืœื”, ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, "ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœื•ึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ึถืšึธ".

ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืคืœื. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืื•ืžืจ (ื, ื):
ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืงื•ืจืื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื‘ืงืจ, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ึผื‘ึฐืฉึธืื›ึฐื‘ึฐึผืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืงื•ึผืžึถืšึธ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื–) โ€“ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื“ืจืš ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื•ื›ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื“ืจืš ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื.
ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: "ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึทื“ึฐืชึถึผื ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœึนื•ื”ึตื™ื›ึถื' (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’, ื›ื”)", ื•ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ''ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข! ืฉื ืืžืจ...'' ืื•ืžื ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข: "ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืื—ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื", ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืฆืžื” ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”?! ื”"ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื”" ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” (ื, ื) ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉืืœื” ื–ืืช, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ืกืคืจ "ื—ืจื“ื™ื": "ื“ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื™ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืื—ืช ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื“". ืขื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืืœื ืœื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”' ื•ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”' ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื•.
ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš", ื›ืฉืกื™ื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื” ื–ืืช, ื›ืชื‘ ืงื•ื“ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”' (ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืชื™ื–), ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' (ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืชื™ื—) ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” (ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืชื™ื˜) ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข (ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืชื›). ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื•ื›ืš ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”':
ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื™ื ื• ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ื”' ืึฑืœื•ึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื”). ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ื™ื• ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืขื“ ืฉื ืฉื™ื’ื”ื• ื›ืคื™ ื™ื›ืœืชื ื•, ื•ื ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืชื• ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื’, ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช... ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื•ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืจืง ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื”ื ืœื‘ื“, ืื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื›ื•ื–ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืฉืžื•, ืœื ืœื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื”ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจื™ื, ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื•ืขื•ื ืฉื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืžื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขื•ืœื.
ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืฉื ื” ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”. ืื ืื“ื "ืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื", ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื•ืขื•ื ืฉื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื›ืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื•ืข ืžืื”ื‘ืช ื”'. ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื”ื, ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืฉืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื•, ื•ืื– ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื’ื“ืœื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉืœื”ื, ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื›ืืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืœื•ื”ื™. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ืœื‘.
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ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืขืจื•ืฅ 7. ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืœื—ืฅ ื›ืืŸ.
ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืืžื•ื ื”
ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืืžื•ื ื”
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ืชื ื•

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•" ื•ื”ื—ืœืชื” ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื” ืœื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจ"ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš" ื•ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื", ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืื•ื ืก ื ืขืจื”, ื•ืžื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืชืขืฉื”" ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื•ืฆืืช-ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช โ€“ ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื

    ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ืช? ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืคืจื”? ื•ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื’ืœ?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    5 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื—ื•ืงืช - ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืœื•ื— ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    47 ื“ืง'
    ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘"ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืจ ?

    ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•.

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื ืชื— ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•) ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื™ ื—ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื ื›ืกื™ื•. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืคืœืจ), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื’ื“ืจื™ ืžื”ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื‘ืจืื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื™ืชื—ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’ | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืงืจื—

    ืงื•ืจื— - ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงื•ืจื—, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    37 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื”

    ืคืกืงื” ืœ' - ืœ"ื

    ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” | ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช | ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ | ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ | ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืฉืœืืจ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช |ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ืœืœืื•ื.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    51 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”

    ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘

    ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘''ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘''ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘. ื”ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ื“ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ | ื›"ื˜ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค''ื•
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    1:02
    ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื

    ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื” - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”

    ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช | ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ | ืžืชืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืœื• ืœื | ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ | ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” | ืžืฆื™ืœ ืขืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืขืฉืงื• | ืคืชื— ืคื™ืš ืœืื™ืœื

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    38 ื“ืง'
    ืžืœื›ื™ื - ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™

    ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

    ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘' ืคืจืง ื›"ื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื›"ื‘ - ืœ'

    ืœืžื” ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื›ื™ืŸ? ื•ืžื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ืงื? ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ - ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื›ืŸ - ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื' , ืœ"ื— - ืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžื’ืœืžืช ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื”ืฉื’ืช ื ื—ืžื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืคืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืœื. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืชื’ืœื” ืข"ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ- ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช- ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื’ืœื” ืคืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื›"ื“ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il