ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ
  • ื‘ืœืง
undefined
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 58 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืœื™ื˜ ืืœื ื‘ืงื•ืœื•
ื”ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื•ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจืš ืืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ื”ึทืงึผึนืœ ืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื•ึฐื”ึทื™ึผึธื“ึทื™ึดื ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื•" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื– ื›ื‘). ื•ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคืš. ื‘ืœืขื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ืงื•ืœ, ื•ืคื ื—ืก ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืžื— ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื–ืžืจื™ ื•ื›ื–ื‘ื™ ื‘ืช ืฆื•ืจ. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืจึนืžึทื— ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ื•ึน". ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื’ ืืช ื‘ืœืขื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ "ื•ึฐืึตืช ื‘ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื”ึธืจึฐื’ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึถื—ึธืจึถื‘". ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืชื”ืคื›ื•? ืœืžื” ื‘ืœืขื ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืจื•ืžื— ื•ื”ื—ืจื‘?
ื•ึดื™ืœื•ึนื ื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื” โ€“ ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ืขึฒืžึธืœึตืง
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืœื• ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืœืฉืœื™ืœื”, ืžื’ื™ืข ืขืžืœืง. ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื”ึทืงึผึนืœ ืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื•ึฐื”ึทื™ึผึธื“ึทื™ึดื ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื•" "ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึถืจึถื›ึฐื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึทืจึฐื›ึผึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœื•ึน (ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืงื•ืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•), ื™ื“ื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืฉืื•ึนืœึฐื˜ื•ึนืช, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื–) 'ื•ึดื™ืœื•ึนื ื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึธื”' - 'ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ืขึฒืžึธืœึตืง', ื•ึผื‘ึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐืฆึทืคึฐืฆึตืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœื•ึน - ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื“ึทื™ึดื ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื•, ืึตื™ืŸ ื™ึธื“ึดื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืฉืื•ึนืœึฐื˜ื•ึนืช".
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืกื™ืŸ. ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืชื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึดื™ ื™ึดืชึผึตืŸ ืžื•ึผืชึตื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื™ึทื“ ื”' ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืชึผึตื ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ืกึดื™ืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืึธื›ึฐืœึตื ื•ึผ ืœึถื—ึถื ืœึธืฉื‚ื‘ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึถื ืึนืชึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึธืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึฐื”ึธืžึดื™ืช ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืงึผึธื”ึธืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื‘ึผึธืจึธืขึธื‘".
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ ืœื”ื ืžืŸ ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืจืคื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ื, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืกื•ืงืœื™ื ืืช ืžืฉื” "ืœึธืžึผึธื” ื–ึผึถื” ื”ึถืขึฑืœึดื™ืชึธื ื•ึผ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึฐื”ึธืžึดื™ืช ืึนืชึดื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึธื ึทื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึดืงึฐื ึทื™ ื‘ึผึทืฆึผึธืžึธื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื–). ื”ื‘ื›ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขืžืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืœื ืงื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื™ื ื•ืช โ€“ ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•, ื•ืขืžืœืง ื”ื•ื ื ื›ื“ ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•.
ืจื™ื‘ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืขืžืœืง ื—ื•ื–ืจ
ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืชื• ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื "ืžื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ื”". ื’ื ืฉื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ. "ื•ึฐืœึธืžึธึคื” ื”ึฒื‘ึตืืชึถืึ™ ืึถืชึพืงึฐื”ึทึฃืœ ื”ึ”' ืึถืœึพื”ึทืžึผึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึธึ–ืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถึ‘ื” ืœึธืžึฃื•ึผืช ืฉืึธึ”ื ืึฒื ึทึ–ื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึดื™ืจึตึฝื ื•ึผ: ื•ึฐืœึธืžึธึคื” ื”ึถึฝืขึฑืœึดื™ืชึปึ™ื ื•ึผึ™ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึทึ”ื™ึดื ืœึฐื”ึธื‘ึดึฃื™ื ืึนืชึธึ”ื ื•ึผ ืึถืœึพื”ึทืžึผึธืงึฅื•ึนื ื”ึธืจึธึ–ืข ื”ึทื–ึผึถึ‘ื” ืœึนึฃืื€ ืžึฐืงึฃื•ึนื ื–ึถึ—ืจึทืข ื•ึผืชึฐืึตื ึธึคื” ื•ึฐื’ึถึ™ืคึถืŸึ™ ื•ึฐืจึดืžึผึ”ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึผืžึทึฅื™ึดื ืึทึ–ื™ึดืŸ ืœึดืฉืึฐืชึผึฝื•ึนืช" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›, ื“-ื•). ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืจื™ื‘ ืขื ืžืฉื”, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืจื™ื‘ ืขื ื”' "ื”ึตืžึผึธื” ืžึตื™ ืžึฐืจึดื™ื‘ึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืจึธื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืช ื”'".
ื”ืจื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฉืžื• "ืงื“ืฉ". ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื• ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”' ืžืชืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึธื“ึตืฉื ื‘ึผึธื" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื› ื™ื’).
ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ โ€“ ื”ืคืกื“ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”
ื”ืคืกื“ ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืคืกื“ ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื“ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”. ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื•ืจืœืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื•, ืขืจืœื” ืฉืžื•ื ืขืช ื’ืื•ืœื” "ื”ึตืŸ ืึฒื ึดื™ ืขึฒืจึทืœ ืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐืึตื™ืšึฐ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึทืข ืึตืœึทื™ ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนื”" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื• ืœ). ืžืฉื” ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžื›ื” ื‘ืกืœืข ื•ืžืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœื’ืื•ืœ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœืžื”: "ื’ึผึทื ื‘ึผึดื™ ื”ึดืชึฐืึทื ึผึทืฃ ื”' ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐืœึทืœึฐื›ึถื ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื’ึผึทื ืึทืชึผึธื” ืœึนื ืชึธื‘ึนื ืฉืึธื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืœื–).
ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึทืจึฐื›ึผึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœื•ึน, ื™ึธื“ึดื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืฉืื•ึนืœึฐื˜ื•ึนืช
ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืขืฉื• ื”ื•ื ืื“ื•ื "ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึทืจึฐื›ึผึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœื•ึน, ื™ึธื“ึดื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืฉืื•ึนืœึฐื˜ื•ึนืช" ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืฉื• ืžืื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืžืจ "ืœึนื ืชึทืขึฒื‘ึนืจ ื‘ึผึดื™ ืคึผึถืŸ ื‘ึผึทื—ึถืจึถื‘ ืึตืฆึตื ืœึดืงึฐืจึธืืชึถืšึธ" ื•ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึตื ืึฑื“ื•ึนื ืœึดืงึฐืจึธืืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐืขึทื ื›ึผึธื‘ึตื“ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ึธื“ ื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธื”" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›).
ื–ื” ืœื ืขื•ื–ืจ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœืื“ื•ื ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื. "ื•ึทื ึผึดืฆึฐืขึทืง ืึถืœ ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึทืข ืงึนืœึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ืžึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืฆึดืึตื ื•ึผ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึฒื ึทื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืงึธื“ึตืฉื ืขึดื™ืจ ืงึฐืฆึตื” ื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึถืšึธ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื› ื˜ื–). ืื“ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื•, ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืจืš ืืจืฆื•.
ืึดื ืžึฐืฆึธืืชึถื ืฉืึธื ืชึผึดื™ื ื•ึนืงื•ึนืช ืžึฐืฆึทืคึฐืฆึฐืคึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœึธื - ืึดื™ ืึทืชึผึถื ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึธื”ึถืŸ
ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื’ื“ื ื•. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง ืฉื‘ืื” ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืžื™ ืžืจื™ื‘ื”. ื›ืคื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื‘ืœืขื ืœื—ื˜ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื‘ืœื•ืข ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ืžืื™ืชื ื•.
ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื: "ืœึนื ืขึธืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ืคึดื™ืœื•ึนืกื•ึนืคึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืึปืžึผื•ึนืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื›ึผึฐื‘ึดืœึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื•ึผื›ึฐืึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืžื•ึผืก ื”ึทื’ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึดื™. ืึทื‘ึฐื ึดื™ืžื•ึนืก ื”ึทื’ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึดื™ ื ึดืชึฐื›ึผึทื ึผึฐืกื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืึปืžึผื•ึนืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ืึถืฆึฐืœื•ึน ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืชึผึนืืžึทืจ ืฉืึถืึธื ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ึดื–ึฐื“ึผึทื•ึผึตื’ ื‘ึผึฐืึปืžึผึธื” ื–ื•ึน? ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถืŸ: ืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื—ึธื–ึฐืจื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ื›ึผึฐื ึตืกึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ืžึดื“ึฐืจึธืฉืื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœึผึธื”ึถืŸ. ืึดื ืžึฐืฆึธืืชึถื ืฉืึธื ืชึผึดื™ื ื•ึนืงื•ึนืช ืžึฐืฆึทืคึฐืฆึฐืคึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœึธื - ืึดื™ ืึทืชึผึถื ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึธื”ึถืŸ. ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื• - ืึทืชึผึถื ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึธื”ึถื. ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื”ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึดื™ื—ึธืŸ ืึฒื‘ึดื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึถื 'ื”ึทืงึผื•ึนืœ ืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘'. ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ืฉืึถืงึผื•ึนืœื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึธืฆื•ึผื™ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ื›ึผึฐื ึตืกึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึฐื‘ึธืชึผึตื™ ืžึดื“ึฐืจึธืฉืื•ึนืช ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื“ึทื™ึดื ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื•" (ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื– ืงื˜ื•. ืข"ืข ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืคืจืฉื” ืกื”).
ืžึทื” ื˜ึผึนื‘ื•ึผ ืึนื”ึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึฐื ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ
ืื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืก ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•. "ืชึผึนืืžึทืจ ืฉืึถืึธื ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ึดื–ึฐื“ึผึทื•ึผึตื’ ื‘ึผึฐืึปืžึผึธื” ื–ื•ึน?" ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืชื•, ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”, ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืœืขื ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงืœืœ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื ื›ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉื•ืช: "ืžึทื” ื˜ึผึนื‘ื•ึผ ืึนื”ึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึฐื ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืงื” ืข"ื‘). ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชืจื’ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ "ื›ืžื” ื™ืื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ". ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื ืžืชื—ื›ื ื•ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืžื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœื‘ืœืง ืขืฆื” ืœืกืœืง ืžื”ื ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืขืฆื” "ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื”", ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ืฉืœ ืจื’ืขื™ืช, ื‘ืื” ืžื’ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชื™ื 24 ืืœืฃ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื ืคื ื—ืก ื•ืขื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืžื’ืคื” (ื›ื ื’ื“ื ื‘ืื™ื 24 ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืฉืœื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื›ืชืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืžืชื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืกื— ืœืขืฆืจืช, ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”).

ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—
ื™ึทื“ึฐื‘ึผึตืจ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึผืœึฐืึปืžึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ โ€“ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœ
ื”ื”ืคืกื“ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ืžื ื™. ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. "ื™ึทื“ึฐื‘ึผึตืจ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึผืœึฐืึปืžึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ". ื”ื›ื ืขื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืขื•ืœืžื™ "ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืชึผึดืงึฐืขื•ึผ ื›ึธืฃ ื”ึธืจึดื™ืขื•ึผ ืœึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ืจึดื ึผึธื”" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืžื– ื“). ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืžืขืช ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืžืขืช ืงื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.
ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื ืืžืจ ืฉื›ื•ื—ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ. "ื•ึฐืฉืึธืคึทึคื˜ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึถึ™ื“ึถืงึ™ ื“ึผึทืœึผึดึ”ื™ื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื›ึดึฅื™ื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื™ืฉืึ–ื•ึนืจ ืœึฐืขึทื ึฐื•ึตื™ึพืึธึ‘ืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื”ึดึฝื›ึผึธื”ึพืึถึ™ืจึถืฅึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตึฃื‘ึถื˜ ืคึผึดึ”ื™ื• ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจึฅื•ึผื—ึท ืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึธึ–ื™ื• ื™ึธืžึดึฅื™ืช ืจึธืฉืึธึฝืข" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ื™ื, ื-ื”). ืžื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. "ืœึนื ื™ึธืจึตืขื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืฉืึฐื—ึดื™ืชื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืจ ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึธืœึฐืึธื” ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื“ึผึตืขึธื” ืึถืช ื”' ื›ึผึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืœึทื™ึผึธื ืžึฐื›ึทืกึผึดื™ื" (ืฉื ื˜).
ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื—ื›ืžืช ื”' ืฉื‘ืงืจื‘ื•. "ื•ึฐื ึธื—ึธึฅื” ืขึธืœึธึ–ื™ื• ืจึฃื•ึผื—ึท ื”ึ‘' ืจึงื•ึผื—ึท ื—ึธื›ึฐืžึธึฃื” ื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ึธึ—ื” ืจึคื•ึผื—ึท ืขึตืฆึธื”ึ™ ื•ึผื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธึ”ื” ืจึฅื•ึผื—ึท ื“ึผึทึ–ืขึทืช ื•ึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึทึฅืช ื”ึฝ'". ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืจื•ืฉื.
ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื›ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—
ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ืืœื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•. ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืืœ ื”ื–ื” "ื•ึผื‘ึธืื•ึผ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนื™ึดื ืขึฒืฆื•ึผืžึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื ื•ึผืœึฐื—ึทืœึผื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”'". ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื•ืคืœื ื”ื–ื” "ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึธื”ึตืžึผึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืงื•ึผ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ืœึฐืฉืึนื ื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึฑื–ึดื™ืงื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐื ึทืฃ ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื ึตืœึฐื›ึธื” ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืžึทืขึฐื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื›ื’).
ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื™ืจ
ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฉืคืขืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื•ืœื™ื™ืช "ืืชื” ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื“ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื ืืœื™ืš ื‘ืฉื ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" (ืฉ"ื ื™"ื–). ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื’ื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื‘ืื‘ืŸ ืฉืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ื’ื•ืœื™ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื ืฆื— ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช.
ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื“ื•ื“ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื: "ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื ื•ึนืฉืึธืข ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื‘ ื—ึธื™ึดืœ ื’ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึนืจ ืœึนื ื™ึดื ึผึธืฆึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื‘ ื›ึผึนื—ึท: ืฉืึถืงึถืจ ื”ึทืกึผื•ึผืก ืœึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจึนื‘ ื—ึตื™ืœื•ึน ืœึนื ื™ึฐืžึทืœึผึตื˜: ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืขึตื™ืŸ ื”' ืึถืœ ื™ึฐืจึตืึธื™ื• ืœึทืžึฐื™ึทื—ึฒืœึดื™ื ืœึฐื—ึทืกึฐื“ึผื•ึน" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœื’ ื˜ื–, ื•ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงืžื– ื™).
ื•ื›ืฉื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ื–ืืช ืืคืฉืจ "ืœืœืžื“ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉืช ื”ืœื ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจ" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื ื™ื—). ื•ืœื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืœื›ื•ื—ื™ ื•ืขื•ืฆื ื™ื“ื™. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืจ ืœื”' ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื• ืฉื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžื™ื. "ื”ึทืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ื™ึธื“ึทื™ ืœึทืงึฐืจึธื‘ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึทื™ ืœึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงืžื“ ื). ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: "ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐืšึธ ืึธืจึปืฅ ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึผื“ ื•ึผื‘ึตืืœึนื”ึทื™ ืึฒื“ึทืœึผึถื’ ืฉืื•ึผืจ" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื— ืœ).

ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื
ื›ืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืชื• ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื: "ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ืš ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”". ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ืคืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื "ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืœื ืœืืœื•ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื" (ืจืžื‘"ื ืข"ื– ื). ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ "ืฉื™ื›ื™ืจื•ื”ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืื™ื". ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื, ื ืžืจื•ื“ ืจื•ื“ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื• ืœื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ, ื›ื ื”ื•ื’. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ื™ืฆืœ ืžื ืžืจื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื•ืจื— ืœื—ืจืŸ "ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืœึทืขึฒืžึนื“ ื•ึฐืœึดืงึฐืจึนื ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขึธื ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึผึท ืึถื—ึธื“ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึฐืœื•ึน ืจึธืื•ึผื™ ืœึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“. ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึฐื”ึทืœึผึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐืงื•ึนืจึตื ื•ึผืžึฐืงึทื‘ึผึตืฅ ื”ึธืขึธื ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ืœึธืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึผืžึดืžึผึทืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื” ืœึทืžึผึทืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ืœึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึทืŸ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืงื•ึนืจึตื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ 'ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ืึตืœ ืขื•ึนืœึธื'.
ื•ึฐื›ึตื™ื•ึธืŸ ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื”ึธืขึธื ืžึดืชึฐืงึทื‘ึผึฐืฆึดื™ืŸ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืฉืื•ึนืึฒืœึดื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึธื™ื•, ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขึท ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื›ึผึฐืคึดื™ ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึตื”ื•ึผ ืœึฐื“ึถืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช. ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื ึผึดืชึฐืงึทื‘ึผึฐืฆื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืึฒืœึธืคึดื™ื ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ึธื‘ื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื. ื•ึฐืฉืึธืชึทืœ ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื‘ึผึธื ื”ึธืขึดืงึผึธืจ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื•ึฐื—ึดื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืกึฐืคึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ'". ื•ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ืชืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉืคืชื•, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืข"ื– ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ืฉืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ื–ึทืžึผึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืฉื‚ึดื™ื—ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึดืคึฐืœึฐืื•ึนืชึธื™ื•
ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ: "ื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ ืœื”' ืงึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ื‘ึดืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขื•ึผ ื‘ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืขึฒืœึดื™ืœื•ึนืชึธื™ื•: ืฉืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ื–ึทืžึผึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืฉื‚ึดื™ื—ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึดืคึฐืœึฐืื•ึนืชึธื™ื•" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื” ื-ื’). ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื™ื: "ื‘ึผึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึฐืชึตื™ ืžึดืกึฐืคึผึธืจ ื›ึผึดืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐื’ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐื”ึทืœึผึฐื›ื•ึผ ืžึดื’ึผื•ึนื™ ืึถืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ ื•ึผืžึดืžึผึทืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื” ืึถืœ ืขึทื ืึทื—ึตืจ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื˜ื– ื™ื˜), ื”ื ืœื ื—ืฉืฉื• ื•ืืžืจื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ื”' ื›ืจืช ืื™ืชื ื•ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืจื™ืช "ืืฉืจ ื›ืจืช ืึถืช ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึธืชื•ึน ืœึฐื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง: ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืžึดื™ื“ึถื”ึธ ืœึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืœึฐื—ึนืง ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื".
ื›ืฉ"ืชึผึฐื”ึดืœึผึทืช ื”' ื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึถืจ ืคึผึดื™" - ื•ึดื™ื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืฉืึตื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึธืขึถื“
ื›ืš ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื”'. "ืชึผึฐื”ึดืœึผึทืช ื”' ื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึถืจ ืคึผึดื™" ืคื™ ื™ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืกืคืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื™ืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื "ื•ึดื™ื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืฉืึตื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึธืขึถื“" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงืžื” ื›ื). ื–ื” ื’ื ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื• "ื™ึฐื”ึตื ืฉืึฐืžึตื”ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผึธื ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึทืšึฐ ืœึฐืขึธืœึทื ื•ึผืœึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึตื™ ืขึธืœึฐืžึทื™ึผึธื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืšึฐ. ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื‘ึผึทื—. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐืคึผึธืึทืจ. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐืจื•ึนืžึทื. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึผึตื. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐื”ึทื“ึผึธืจ. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐืขึทืœึผึถื”. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐื”ึทืœึผึธืœ ืฉืึฐืžึตื”ึผ ื“ึผึฐืงึปื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื", ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ.
ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”
ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”
ื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืฉืคื™ืขื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืจืžื—"ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ ื›ืžื• "ืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื" ื•ื’ื ืžื—ื–ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ื ื•ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”'.
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ืข"ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™" ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืกืคืจื™ ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช; ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื; ื’ื ืกืคืจื™ ืžืฉืœ ื•ื ืžืฉืœ ืœื ืขืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืขื™ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ - ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืงื•ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘.
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจื ืืœ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”' ื•ืืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœืชื•, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ืืช ืขืžืœืง ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—.
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื• ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ืคื•ืก ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืจืฉืช ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื• ื•ื‘ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื“ืจ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช.
ื”ึดื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึดืงึฐื ื•ึนืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืฉึผืึธืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืกึผึดืคึฐืจื•ึผืชึดื™
ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื• ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. "ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึฐื ึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืจึตืจ ืึถืช ื›ื‘' ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืฆึผึฐืขึดื™ืจึดื™ื ื”ึทื—ึฒืคึตืฆึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืขื•ึนื“ึตื“ ืœึฐื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืจื•ึผื—ึธื ึดื™ึผึดื™ื, ืžึฐื›ึปื‘ึผึธื“ึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึฐืชึปืงึผึธื ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ื‘ืขื–"ื”, ืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”ึทื”ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื’ึผึฐืœื•ึผืช ื”ึทืกึผึดืคึฐืจื•ึผืชึดื™ืช. ื”ึดื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึดืงึฐื ื•ึนืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืฉึผืึธืจื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืกึผึดืคึฐืจื•ึผืชึดื™, ืึถืช ื”ึทืกึผึดื’ึฐื ื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทื—ึทื™ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืฆึฐื‘ึธืขึธื™ื•, ืึถืช ื”ึทืคึผึฐืจื•ึผื–ึตื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึดื™ืฆึดื™. ื•ึฐืึดื ื™ึตืฉื ื‘ึผึธื ื•ึผ ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืžึผึทืจึฐื’ึผึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืจื•ึผื—ื•ึน ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื˜ึดื™ึผึธื” ืœึฐืฉืึดื™ืจึธื” ื•ึผืคึดื™ึผื•ึผื˜, ืึทืœ ื ึธื ื™ึทืขึฒื–ึนื‘ ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืจื•ึนื ื•ึน. ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืžึทืกึผื•ึนืช, ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช, 'ืœึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืงึธืฉืึถืช'" (ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” "ืงืกืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื" - ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ืœืงื•ื—ื™ื ืžื”ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืฆื•ืจื™ืืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”).
ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” - ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”' ื‘ืขืžืœืง
ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ "ืœึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืงึธืฉืึถืช" ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื•ืœื ืฆื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœืขื. "ืืข"ืค ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ืœึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžึดื™ ื•ึฐืœึทืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ืฉืึถืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืžึดื“ึผึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืœื•ึนื ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึถืกึถื“ ื’ึผื•ึนื‘ึถืจึถืช ื”ึทืชึผึฐื›ื•ึผื ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืกึดื’ึฐื ื•ึนื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ, ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ื—ึฒืžื•ึผืฉืึดื™ื ืึธื ื•ึผ ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืœึฐืžึดืœึฐื—ึถืžึถืช ื”' ื‘ึผึทืขึฒืžึธืœึตืง ื”ึทืคึผึฐื ึดื™ืžึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึดื™ืฆื•ึนื ึดื™, ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ึธื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึถืฉืึถืง ื”ึทื–ึผึฐืžึทื ึผึดื™ 'ื”ึธืขึตื˜' (ื”ื ืฉืง ืฉืœ ื–ืžื ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื˜) ืึธื ื•ึผ ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ืœึฐืชึทืจึฐื’ึผึตื ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทืกึผึดื’ึฐื ื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทื–ึผึฐืžึทื ึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืื•ึนืฆึธืจ ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ื•ึนืฉื ืฉืึถืœึผึธื ื•ึผ, ืื•ึนืฆึทืจ ื”ึทื“ึผึตืขื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื”ึธืจึฐื’ึธืฉืื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึดืžึฐืขึทื˜, ืœึฐืงึดืจึฐื‘ึผึธื ืœึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื“ึผื•ึนืจึตื ื•ึผ" ("ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ื—"ื‘ ืขืž' ืจื›"ื•).
ื”ืจื” ืงื•ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘ "ืœึฐื”ึธื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึถืฉืึถืง ื”ึทื–ึผึฐืžึทื ึผึดื™ 'ื”ึธืขึตื˜'" ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•. ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืฉืžืชืคืชื” ืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื›ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ืจื” ื•ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื™ื”.
ื ึดืคึฐืชึผึดื™ื ืึทื—ึทืจ ื—ึถืœึฐืงึทืช ืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื ึธื›ึฐืจึดื™ึผึธื” ืฉืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืคึผึธืจึดื™ืฆึตื™ ืขึทืžึผึตื ื•ึผ
ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืžื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื”. "ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื•ื•ึนื ื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื”ึธืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ืžึตื”ึทืฆึผึฐืขึดื™ืจึดื™ื ื”ื•ึนืœึฐื›ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื ึดืคึฐืชึผึดื™ื ืึทื—ึทืจ ื—ึถืœึฐืงึทืช ืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื ึธื›ึฐืจึดื™ึผึธื” ืฉืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืคึผึธืจึดื™ืฆึตื™ ืขึทืžึผึตื ื•ึผ". ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื•ื”ืžืกื›ื™ื ืืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช. ื•ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื "ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืจืžื—"ืœ ื–"ืœ, ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืžืœื™ืฆื” ื•ืฆื—ื•ืช" ("ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ื—"ื ื“ืฃ ืžื‘).
ื”ึธืขึตื˜ ื›ึผึธื‘ึทืฉื ืœื•ึน ืึถืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื”ื•ึผื ืจื•ึนื“ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื—ึฒืฉืึธื‘ื•ึนืช
ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ื•. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื "ืœึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึทื—ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื”ึทืฆึผึฐืขึดื™ืจึดื™ื ื”ึธืึฒื”ื•ึผื‘ึดื™ื ืชึผื•ึนืคึฐืฉื‚ึตื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื, ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื. ื”ึดื ึฐื ึดื™ ื›ึผื•ึนืชึตื‘ ืœึนื ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ืœึดื™ ื›ึผึนื—ึท ืœึดื›ึฐืชึผึนื‘ ืึถืœึผึธื ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ ื›ึผึนื—ึท ืœึฐื“ื•ึนื". ืฉืœื ื™ืคื—ื“ื• ืžืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืœื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžื•ืœื. "ืœึธืžึผึธื” ื”ึดื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื”ื•ึนืœึฐื›ึดื™ื ื›ึผึนื” ืฉืึทื—ึดื™ื, ืžึฐืงึปืžึผึธื˜ึดื™ื, ื ึดื–ึฐื—ึธืœึดื™ื ื•ึฐื ึดืจึฐืขึธื“ึดื™ื, ื•ึทืึฒื ึทื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ื”ึดื ึฐื ื•ึผ ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืžึฐืœึตืึตื™ ืึนืžึถืฅ ื•ึฐื ึถืึฑื–ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธื”, ืึตื™ืŸ ืขึนื– ืึถืœึผึธื ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”".
ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืื•ืจ ื•ืืžื•ื ื” ื›ื™ "ื”ึธืขึตื˜ ื›ึผึธื‘ึทืฉื ืœื•ึน ืึถืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื”ื•ึผื ืจื•ึนื“ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื—ึฒืฉืึธื‘ื•ึนืช, ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื’ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื”ึทืœึผึตื‘, ื•ึฐื’ึทื ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ื, ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึดื˜ึฐื—ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึถื” ื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผื•ึน, ื—ึดืฆึผึดื™ื ืฉืึฐื ื•ึผื ึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึดื“ึผึฐืงึธืจื•ึนืช ื—ึถืจึถื‘ ื‘ึผึดืžึฐื ื•ึผื—ึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ืฉืื•ึนืœึตื—ึท. ื”ึฒื™ึทืขึฐืœึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื“ึผึทืขึทืช, ืฉืึถืึธื ื•ึผ ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ื ืœึฐื—ึธืฉืื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืœึนื ืœึดืงึฐื ื•ึนืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึถืฉืึถืง ื”ึทืžึผื•ึนื“ึถืจึฐื ึดื™ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”?".
ื”ืจื‘ ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืฉืง ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืจืง ืžืชื•ืš ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืœื ื ื™ืกื—ืฃ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื. "ื•ึทืึฒื ึทื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ืœึธืžึผึธื” ืœึนื ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทื ืึธื ื•ึผ ืขึตื˜, ื”ึฒื™ึธื‘ึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืžื•ึนื—ื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ, ื—ึธืœึดื™ืœึธื”?". (ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื” ื›ืจืš ื ื›ื–)
ื”ืขื˜ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ื•ืœืœ ื ืคืœืื•ืช
ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘: "ื”ืขื˜ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืœื“ืช ื”ืœืžื•ื“". ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ "ื‘ื“ืขื” ืฆืœื•ืœื” ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืชื™ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื ืื” ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงืช, ื•ื“' ื™ืชืŸ ืžืคื™ื• ื—ื›ืžื” ื“ืขืช ื•ืชื‘ื•ื ื”". ื•ื”ืขื˜ ื”ื–ื” "ื™ื—ื•ืœืœ ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื“' ืจื•ืžืžื” ืœืชืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืœืฉื ื“' ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืื•ื”ื‘ื™ ืฉืžื• ื•ื”ื•ื’ื™ ืชื•ืจืชื•". ืœืชืงืŸ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ "ื—ื›ืžืช ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืชืกืจื—" ื•ืœืงื“ื ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื.
ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื–ืจื™ื
ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ืงื™ื ื—ื™ืง ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื™ื”
ื›ื™ ื›ืขืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ืงื™ื ื—ื™ืง ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื™ื”, ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ("ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื”", ืฉื‘ืช, ืค"ื‘ ืคืกืงื ืข"ื“). ื•ื”ื ืžืชื‘ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืขืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื. ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข ืœื”ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืœื ื ืจืชืข ืžื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื•, ืœื ื ืจืชืข ืžื›ื‘ืฉืŸ ื”ืืฉ ื•ืงืจื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื•.
ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื•ืชื™, ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกื, ืžื•ื›ืจื— ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืคืจ ื•ืคื•ืฉืข ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืคืจืข. ืืช ืžื’ื“ืœ ืชืจืžื™ืช ื–ื” ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ืก, ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืื™ ืขื•ืœื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ ื•ื”ื ื•ืขื ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ืคืจื—ื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžืฉื•ืงื™ื ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื™ื, ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”'" ("ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ื—"ื ืขืž' ืงืฆื”).
ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”
ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ื•ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช "ื”ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ ืื“ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ื—ื™ ื‘ืจื–ืœ, 'ืœืžืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืœื”'. ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชื•ืžื ื•ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื“ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืœืจื•ืžืžื• ื•ืœืขื“ื ื•.
ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื ื• ืžืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื•ื’ื•ืช, ื”ืžื˜ืžื˜ืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื‘ ื•ืžื—ืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืช ื›"ื ืžืœืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืืจืขื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื˜ื—ื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœืžื•ื“ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื”ืฉื•ืืฃ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื”, ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืขื” ื•ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื™ืฉืžื— ืืช ื”ืœื‘".
ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืชืœื”ื
ืœื”ืชืœื”ื ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื ืื” "ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืžืื•ืžื” ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ืืžืช, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื–ืขื–ืข ืืช ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื–ืขื–ื•ืขื™ื ืืจืขื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื ื™ื ื•ืจืชื™ื—ืช ื“ืžื™ื, ืœื ืื•ืจื” ื•ืžื ื•ื—ื”, ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื ื”' ืœืžืขืŸ ืขืžื• ื•ื ื—ืœืชื•" ("ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ื—"ื ื“ืฃ ืจืžื‘).
ืฆืจื™ืš "ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกืคืจื•ืช ืžืœืื” ืื•ืจ ืจื–ื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช ื•ืฉื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ื ืคืฉ, ืžืœืื” ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื—ืžื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืืžื ื”, ืœื”ืจื™ื ืงืจืŸ ืœืขื ื”' ื•ืœืชืฉื•ืขืช ืขื•ืœื ืืฉืจ ื”ึตื—ึตืœื” ืœื–ืจื•ื— ืœื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ("ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื", ืงื•"ื’ ืคืกืงื ืจื ื˜).
ืœื ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ืกืจ ืืœื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืขื•ืžืง
ื’ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ. "ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ ืœื‘ื‘ื™ ื•ื ืคืฉื™, ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืœืžื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืœื‘, ืืข"ืค ืฉื’ื ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื“ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘. ื•ื–ื” ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื• ื›ืฉื ืกื•ืœ (ื ืกืœื•ืœ) ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืคืจืง ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืขื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื“ืขื” ื ืฉื’ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืœ ืจื’ืฉ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉ".
ื–ืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืฉื™ื›ืชื‘ื• ืงืฆืช ืงืฆืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื•: "ื ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ื ื“ื‘ืจ, ื ืขื•ืจืจ, ื ื›ืชื•ื‘, 'ื–ืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื–ืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื' (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆื˜ ืข"ื‘) ื•ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืื˜ื™ืช ืชืคืขืœ ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ. 'ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื—ืงื• ืžื™ื'".
ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” "ืœื ืœืื“ื ืื—ื“, ื•ืœื ืœื“ื•ืจ ืื—ื“, ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืืœ ื™ืคื•ืœ ืœื‘ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“. ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืชืฉื•ืขืช ื”' ืชืฉื’ื‘ื”ื• ืฉื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืืœื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ืฉื™ืขื• ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ("ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ืขืž' 88).
ืกืคืจื•ืช ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืžืื™ืจื”
ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืกืคืจื•ืช 'ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช' ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืžืื™ืจื”, ืžืœืื” ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื“ ื•ื–ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉืจ ืชืขืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ื” ื•ื”ื“ืจื”, ื•ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื‘ืืžืชืชื” ื•ืขื•ื– ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื”, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืกื ื”ื ืžืฆื ื›ืขืช ื‘ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืœืื” ื‘ืคื™ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืจืขืœ ื•ื”ืฉื—ืชื”. ื•ืื– ื™ืœื•ื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ื, ื’ื ืžื”ื—ึตื™ืœ ื”ื ื•ืคืœ ืืœ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘" ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื• ืืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืชื ืœื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ("ืื’ืจื•ืช", ื—"ื ืขืž' ืจืžื“-ืจืžื”).
ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ึดืชึฐื’ึทืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ "ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื”ึดืชึฐื’ึทืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืชื”. ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืื•ืจื” ื™ืชื™ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขื ื”ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช. ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื—ืกื“ ื™ื ืฆื— ืืช ื”ื›ืœ, ืขืจืคืœื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื›ื™ื ื™ืกื•ืจื•, ื™ื ื•ืกื• ื”ืฆืœืœื™ื, ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”' ื•ืื•ืจื• ื™ื•ืคื™ืข" ("ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื", ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื’, ืคืกืงื ืจืœ"ื–. ื•ืขื™ื™"ืฉ ืžืคืกืงืื•ืช ืจื›"ื—-ืจืœ"ื–).
ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” "ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืจืง ืžืขื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขื˜, ืชืžืฆื™ืช ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื›ืžื•ืช" ("ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”", ื—"ื ืขืž' ืงื ื“). ื›ื™ "ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืชืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื" ("ืื•ืจื•ืช", ื“ืฃ ืคื, ืคืกืงื ืœื•).
ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื– ืึถื”ึฐืคึผึนืšึฐ ืึถืœ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืฉื‚ึธืคึธื” ื‘ึฐืจื•ึผืจึธื” ืœึดืงึฐืจึนื ื›ึปืœึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ืœึฐืขึธื‘ึฐื“ื•ึน ืฉืึฐื›ึถื ืึถื—ึธื“
ืขื•ื“ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ืžื”ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. "ื›ืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื”ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช, ืกื•ืคื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืขื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ืฉืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ื”'. ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื™ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื•ืช ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื”ื–ืจื—ืช ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื”ื”ืคืจื—ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉืคื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื›ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘ื˜ืžื ื›ื‘ื˜ื”ื•ืจ" ("ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื" ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื', ืงืข"ื•). ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ืš "ืžืœืื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื“ืขื” ืืช ื”' ื›ืžื™ื ืœื™ื ืžื›ืกื™ื", ืืžืŸ.


ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื—
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ, ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”: ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™: ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื— ืฉืชืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ืช. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื ื”ื’ืขืช ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ืจื‘ ืขื™ืจ, ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื›ืœ ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“, ื”ืกืคืงื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืžืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืืžืฅ.
ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื—ืคื• ืื•ืชื™ ื•ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ ื‘ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื™. ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื–ื” ืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื™ื“ืข ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉื–ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื—.

(ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืจืš ื™"ื ืžืกื“ืจืช "ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืฉื™ืฆื ื–ื” ืขืชื” ืœืื•ืจ)

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”

ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื”ื’ . ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ืขื ื”ื“ื•ืจ, ืœืชืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื ื•, ืื• ื”ืคื•ืš, ืœื ืœืชืช ืœื”ื? ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืื• ืœื, ื•ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืจื’ื™ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ืŸ, ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื–ื.

ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื”ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื. ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœืš ื•ืื™ืš ืืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื”. ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื”ื’ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื, ืืœื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืขื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื”. ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื• ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื. ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื. ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื™ืกื—ืคื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื”ื—ื“ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืžื—ื˜ ืœื•ื•ืจื™ื“ ื•ืœืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื–ืจื™ืงื™ื ืœื ื•. ื‘ืžื—ื˜ ืœื•ื•ืจื™ื“ ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืกืžืืจื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืžื›ื ื™ืก ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืชื•ื“ืขื”.
ืœืžื” ืฉืืืคืฉืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœืขืฆื‘ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื•ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœื•? ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืื”ื™ื” ื–ืืช ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช?
ื•ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื. ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš - ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช. ื•ืžืื—ืœ ืœืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืืœื” ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.



ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฆื™ืœ ื ืคืฉื•ืช. ืžื™ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืจื•ืคื ืื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื?

ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘. ืชืœื•ื™ ืžื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืฉืฉื ื™ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื”ืจื•ืคื ืžืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืคื” ื•ืื—ื“ ืฉื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆืœื™ื, ื›ืขืกื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืขืœื™ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข, ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืข. ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ. ื‘ื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืกืžื™ื, ื‘ืžืจื•ืฅ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ.


ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืืชืžื•ืœ ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉืชื’ืขืชื™. ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ืขืฆืžื™. ื’ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื›ื•ื—. ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื•ืจื ืขื ื”ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืœ ืฉืขืžื•ื ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœื™. ื”ื™ื• ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื•"ื–, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ื•ื—. ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?? ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืื ื™ ืžืชื™ื™ืืฉ.

ืžื” ื“ืขืชืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื "ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ? ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•.


ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื”. ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘, ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ?
ืœื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื™ืฉ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื›ื ืช ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœื ื•. ื—ืœืง ืžืืชื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืืชื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืคื—ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช ืื•ื–ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืืœื™ื ื•.


ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ื™ื” (ื‘ื•ื–ื•) ืข"ื”




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