ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ืคืจืง ื“'
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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1790
5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ืจื‘ืงื” ื‘ืช ืฆื™ืœื”

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืœื‘ื“ื”, ื›ื™ ืื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืจื—ื‘ื”, ืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื ืคื™ื, ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืฆื•ืžื—ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ืžืœืฉื“ ื˜ืœ ืื•ืจ ืชื•ืจืช ื—ืกื“.


ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื , ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ( ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ), ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ( ื—ื›ืžื” ). ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื–ื•, ื”ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœื›ืœืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ, ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื—"ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืชื• ืœืžืกื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจื™ื. ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ืกื™ื“ ื•ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื” ืื“ื ืขื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืžืื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื• ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช, ืกื™ื’ื•ืคื™ื, ื’ืœื’ื•ืœื™ ืฉืœื’ ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“, ืื™ืฉ ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื, ื–ื• ื—ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื“. ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื : ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช, ืฉื™ืฉ ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืขื ืจื’ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื“ ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืชืจื’ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืื“ื ืฉืœื ื ื•ืœื“ ืขื ืจื’ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื•. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ืจื’ืฉ, ื”ืจื™ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืฉ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืœื ืจื’ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืจื—ื‘ื” . ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื•ืคืจื˜, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืขื ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืื•ืชื•. ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื ืงืจื "ืึธื—ึดื™ืšึธ" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื˜, ื™ื–) ื•"ืจึตืขึฒืšึธ" (ืฉื ื™ื—). ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืื— ื•ื”ืจึตืข ื•ืื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืžื”ื• ื™ื—ืก ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืคืจื˜ื™ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื–ื• ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืจื—ื‘ื” , ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉืงื™ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื’ื™ืขื”, ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ื—ื›ืžื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืš, ืžืชื™ ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื. ืœื—ื›ืžื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ื•ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ืื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ืœืื•ืจ, ื•ืื™ืš ืœื”ื˜ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื• ืœืจืขื”. ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ , ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื, ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ืฉืชื•ืจืช ื—ืกื“ , ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœืงื—ืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื•ืœืชืช ืœื›ื•ืœื. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื - ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“, ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื• ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื”. ืชื•ืจืช ื—ืกื“ ื”ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืขืžื•ืง ืžืื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืขื ืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื .

ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืž ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ืกืงืช ืœื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ, ืืœื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื”. ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื›ืžื”, ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช. ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช ืฉืžื ื•ืชืงืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืื• ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื—ื•ึนืฉื‚ึตืšึฐ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐื˜ื•ึน ืฉื‚ื•ึนื ึตื ื‘ึฐื ื•ึน" (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™ื’, ื›ื“), ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื•, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืจื‘ื™ืฅ ืœื•. ืืœื, ืฉืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืื”ื‘ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื• ืžื›ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื‚ืš ืืช ื”ืขื ืคื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืื•ืชื. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‚ืš ืฉื‘ื˜ื•, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืชืจืื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื™ืœื“ - ื‘ื˜ื— ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื ืื•ืชื•. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืžืขื ื•. ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืฉื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื ื•ืชืงืช ืžืžื˜ืจืชื” ื•ืžืžื’ืžืชื”, ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื“ืžื™ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืฉืจืช.

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืกื ื’ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ , ื•ื›ืฉืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘. ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ื•ืœื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืชื— ืื•ืชืŸ, ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื” ืืช ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ, ืฉื™ื™ืชืžื• ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืœื ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™.). ื–ื” ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืืชื” ื ื’ื“ื ื”ื ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ื - ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ: ืžื” ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื? ืจืง ื”ื—ื˜ืื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื, ืืœื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื˜ืื™ื”ื. ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืื“, ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ื’ื ื”ื˜ื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ื ื–ื™ืคื”, ื’ื ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ืจื™ื—ื•ืง - ื”ื›ืœ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืœืขื•ืœื ืชื”ื ืฉืžืืœ ื“ื•ื—ื” ื•ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื‘ืช" (ืกื•ื˜ื” ืžื–.), ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื”ืื—ืช ื“ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืื—ืช ืžืงืจื‘ืช. ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืคืจื˜ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช, ืœื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ื‘ืข ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ืžื˜ืจื”. ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื—ื›ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื”, ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœ, ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืฆื‘, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื”.

ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื—ื“, ืฉื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20' ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจื‘: ืœื ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืกืขื“ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ืื– ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื– ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืกืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉื‘ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืคืง ื‘ื“ืœืช (ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™). "ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘! ื›ืืŸ ืœื™ื“, ืžืžืฉ ืงืจื•ื‘ - ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืฉืœื™ื ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช!". ื”ืจื‘ ืขื ื” ืœื•, ืฉื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช. ืžืื“ ื›ืื‘ ืœื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืขื ื’ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ืฉืžืจื• ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืื™ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ื•ืคื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื•. ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื– ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœื ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื”ืจื‘ ืืกืฃ ืžืกืคืจ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”, ืฉืืœ ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืงืจื”, ื•ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืื™ืชื• ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืกืขื“ื” ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื—ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขืฉืจื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืœื ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืคืจื”ืกื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื—ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืขื ื–ืืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื˜ื, ืฉืœื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื–ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื—ื›ืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื”, ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื, ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื.

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื’ืœื•ื™ื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืกื ื’ืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืก ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฉื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ืกืžื™ื ืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื›ืฉืจืง ื ืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื•ืจื”, ืžื ื”ืœ ื•ืžืคืงื— ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื“ืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื– ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืžืื“. ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืœื•ื•ื”, ื‘ืชื•ืš ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืฉื”ืœืš ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ืœืื™ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื. ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืื– ืกืžื•ืš ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ ื™ืคื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฉื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ืืชืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืœ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืจืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ (ืื– ืคื•ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ). ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืœืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘, ื”ืชืžืจืžืจ ื•ืืžืจ: "ืžื” ื–ื”! ืืœื” - ื”ื ืœื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ!". ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื“ืขืช ืžื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ ืคื—ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฉื”ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื”. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื–ื” ื•ืžื™ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ ื•ืืžืจ: "ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—. ืžื” ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื–ื”. ื–ื” ื™ืกื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžื ื™ื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื”, ื–ื” ืคืชื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื’ื ื™ื ื™ื— ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืžืกื•ืจืชื”. ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืžืžื•ืจืžืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฆื•ื“ืง, ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœื”, ืืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืฆื“ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืชื— ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืืช ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืืจืฆื• ื•ืืช ืžื•ืœื“ืชื•, ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื• ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช, ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช. ื–ื” ืœื ืื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžื• ืืฆืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื’ื ื–ื• ื—ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื“. ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื“ืข ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืจื‘ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืจื‘ ืจืืฉื™ ื‘ืื• ืœืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช, ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขืจื™ื. ื‘ืื• ืืœื™ื• ื’ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ืกื— ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื•ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”. ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื”, ืœื ืจืง ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืœื‘. ื–ื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื“ืข ื•ื”ืขืžืงื”, ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ื–ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืช ื—ืกื“ ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืืช ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜.
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ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืื‘ ืกื•ืœื˜ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'

ืจ"ืž ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื”.
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    ื›ืจืš ื'

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืžื™ื

    ื›ืจืš ื' ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื™"ื—

    ืชืฉืก"ื”
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    ื›ืจืš ื'

    ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช

    ื›ืจืš ื' ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื™"ื–

    ืชืฉืก"ื”
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    ื›ืจืš ื'

    ื”ืชื "ืš ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™

    ื›ืจืš ื' ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื™'

    ืชืฉืก"ื”
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    ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช

    ื”ืื‘ื•ืช

    ื›ืจืš ื' ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”'

    ืชืฉืก"ื”
ืคืจืง ื“'
ืคืจืง ื“'
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il