ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื
  • ื”ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช
undefined
20 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืžื‘ื•ื
ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื”, ื‘) ื ืืžืจ:
ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื, ื•ืฉืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื.

ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื”ื, ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ืฉืžื™ื โ€“ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ืœื•ืžืจ "ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื" ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื˜ืœ" โ€“ ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช (ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืขืฆืจืช), ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ: ืœืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื "ื•ืชืŸ ื˜ืœ ื•ืžื˜ืจ ืœื‘ืจื›ื”" ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื”", ื•ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ื "ื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื ื•" ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ื‘ืจื›ื ื•" โ€“ ื”ื—ืœ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘, ื˜ื–, ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืข, ืื•"ื—, ืงื™ื“, ื, ื•-ืงื™ื–, ื.
ืžื”ื™ ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื” ื•ื”ืฉืืœื”? ื•ื”ืื ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืœืชืืจื™ืš?

ื. ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ
ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื, ื’) ื ืืžืจ:
ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื; ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ื•, ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื’, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช.

ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื™ ืข"ื) ืคื•ืกืง ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืจื‘ ื—ืกื“ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื• ืข"ื). ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื›ื™ื•ื.
ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื, ื‘) ืื•ืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืชื ื—ื•ื ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื”, ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื ืกื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื. ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช, 1 ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉืชื ื ืงืžื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื ืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื• ืข"ื) ืฉื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•, ื™ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืœืชืืจื™ืš ื–ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื–ืžื ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืกื•ื‘ืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ, ืฉืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจื’ืœ. ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืื™ื ื ื• ืชื•ืœื” ื–ืืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉื ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื›ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื–ืžื ื”, ืื• ืืฃ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื‘-ื™"ื– ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. 2
ืืš ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื“ ืข"ื‘) ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืื—ืจ, ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืคืฉืจ ื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื, ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืžื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ื”ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ืกื•ืชืจื•ืช:
ื. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื›ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ, ื”ืคื•ืกืง ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ.
ื‘. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืกืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ืจืชื, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ โ€“ ืฉื•ืืœ.
ื’. ืจ' ืืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืฉืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืกืง ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” (ืžืฉื ื” ืชืขื ื™ืช ื, ื), ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื™ื: "ืœื ืงืฉื™ื, ื”ื ืœืŸ ื•ื”ื ืœื”ื•". ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™:
ื”ื ืœืŸ โ€“ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชื‘ื•ืื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื›ืœ ืชืฉืจื™, ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ (=ื), ื•ืฉื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื (=ื‘), ื›ื“ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: "ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ". ื”ื ืœื”ื• โ€“ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื“ืงื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ, ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ื“ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืกื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืžื•ืชื• (=ื’).

ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืชืงื‘ืœ, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื”. ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื”ืœืœื• ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื: ื”ืื ื›ืืŸ ื ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฉื•ืืœ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ, ื•ืื– ื’ื ื™ืฉืืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืื• ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื—ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ืื– ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืืœื• ืืœื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ?
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื•ืฉื•ืืœืช: "ืžืื™ ืฉื ื ืœื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื“ืื™ืช ืœื”ื• ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื โ€“ ืœื“ื™ื“ื”ื• ื ืžื™ ืื™ืช ืœื”ื• ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื!" ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืื ื™ืจื“ื• ืœื”ื (ืœืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื) ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืจืชืŸ". ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื:
โ€“ ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื.
โ€“ ื”ืฉืชื ื“ืืชื™ืช ืœื”ื›ื™, ื”ื ื•ื”ื ืœื“ื™ื“ื”ื•, ื•ืœื ืงืฉื™ื: ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื.

ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ื“ืื™ื›ื ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืขื“ ื–' ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ".
ืžืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืข, ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืœื” ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื”. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ืืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื“ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžืชื™ ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช), ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉื•ืืœ ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ; ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื™ (ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื), ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ.
ืืš ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื“ ืข"ื‘, ื“"ื” ื•ื”ื ื” ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉ"ื™, ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ; ืืœื ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ืื• ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืื–ื™ ื’ื ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ืืœ. ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ืื• ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืขื“ ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ.
ืื•ืœื ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื–ื” โ€“ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื•ืœืžื•, ืžืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื:
ื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ืฉืžืื—ืจื™ื ืขื“ ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉืืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื–ื›ืจืชื. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ ื™ื™ืฆื, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืจืง ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื” ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื: ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ืœื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ โ€“ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื• ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื›ืœืœ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ. ืื“ืจื‘ื”: ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”, ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ื’ื ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
ื‘. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ "ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ืืœ" ืื™ื ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืชืžื™ื“, ืืœื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ืื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช. ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื•, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืื™ืŸ.
ืืžื ื ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืช ืืžืช, ืžืขื™ืจื™ื, ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ, ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืจืง ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช: ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•. ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื, ื‘) ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืืš ื•ืจืง ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื”ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•.
ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื–ื”, ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ ื‘ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื•ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื›ืืŸ, ื•ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืืŸ. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื•ืืœืช ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš: "ื•ืื ืŸ ื“ืื™ืช ืœืŸ ืชืจื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ?", ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ืžืื™ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื• ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช? ืฉื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ: ื•ื”ืœื ืœืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: "ื”ื ืœืŸ ื•ื”ื ืœื”ื•" ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืœืœ? ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฆ"ืข. ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ, ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื ืฉืืœื” ืจืง ืœืคื™ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื›ืš ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื’ื ื”ืฉืคืช ืืžืช ื›ืืŸ.
ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืœื ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ, ื‘ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ืก ื›ืืŸ, ืžืคื ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืœื™ื•ืžื ื™ื’ ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื”ืœื›ื”, ื”ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืคืกืงื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื•ื”ืœื ืœื ื• ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืกืง ื”ื•ื "ื”ืœื›ืชื ืœืžืฉื™ื—ื"! ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ื”ื™ื: "ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื“ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื“ืื™ืช ืœื”ื• ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื". 3 ืžืฉืžืข, ืื ื›ืŸ, ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ื ืฉืืจ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื’ื ื‘ื•.
ืžื”ื• ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช, ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ? 4 ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื“ ืข"ื‘, ื“"ื” ื”ื ืœืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื’ืจื•ืก ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ื”ื‘"ื— ื•ืœืคืจืฉ ื›ื”ื‘ื ืช ืจืฉ"ื™. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื™ืฉืืœื• ื•ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉืืœื• ื•ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืคื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœืฉื“ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฉื•"ืข, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื“, ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื’ืจื•ืก ื•ืœืคืจืฉ ืื—ืจืช: ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•, ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ; ืจืง ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ. ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื”ื™ื, ืฉืจืง ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ.

ื‘. ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืฉืืœืชื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ
ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื ื“ืŸ ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘:
ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื“ืœื™ื›ื ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืžื•ื“ื™ ื“ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื“ืงื™ื™ืžื ืœืŸ ื›ื•ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืœืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืฉืืœื”, ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ.

ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘:
ื”ื ื“ืคืกืง ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืœื“ื™ื“ืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ, ื“ืื™ืช ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื, ืฉืืฃ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืชืื—ืจื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื... ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื“ื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื• ืขื•ืžื“, ื“ืื™ืช ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื.

ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉื’ื ืœื“ืขืชื• ืœื ื ื“ื—ื” ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื™ืฉ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืžืชืงืฉื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื™ ืข"ื), ืฉืืžืจ: "ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” โ€“ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”": ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืกื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื” ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ืฉืืœืชื ืขื“ ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช?
ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืงื‘ืขื• ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืจืง ืฉื ื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืฉืืœื”: ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”. ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช โ€“ ืฉื•ืืœ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• โ€“ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื›ืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื• ื›ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ืื• ื›ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืืฆืœื. ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื:
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืืœื ืื• ื›ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืื• ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื ืžืฆื ื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื ืขืงืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ืœืืœืชืจ, ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื›ื—ื ื ื™ื, ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืื• ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื• ื›ื‘ื‘ืœ... ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช (ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ) ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื›ื“ืืžืจ ืžืขื™ืงืจื: "ื”ื ืœืŸ ื•ื”ื ืœื”ื•", ื•ื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื”ื’ ื™ืคื” ื›ืœืœ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™... ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื–"ืœ, ื•ื–ื” ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืœืคืกื™ ื–"ืœ, ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื, ืืœื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ืชื ื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ื—ื ื ื™ื” ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ.

ืžื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆื, ืฉื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื ื“ื—ื” ื›ืœื™ืœ ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช, ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”. 5
ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืขื•ืœื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื, ืฉื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื: ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื•ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื. ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื ื“ื—ืชื” ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืจืง ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื.
ื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื›ืš ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ. ื›ืš ืžื•ื‘ื ืืฆืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื. 6 ืืš ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘, ื˜ื•โ€“ื˜ื– ืคื•ืกืง:
ื›ืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื ื™ื” "ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื", ื•ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืžื” "ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื˜ืœ". ืžืื™ืžืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ "ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื”ื’ืฉื"? ืžืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืกืคื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื’, ืขื“ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื—... ืžืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ืฉื. ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื? ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ืขืจ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ืœืืœื• ื•ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ืŸ ืœื”ื, ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคืช ืชืฉืจื™. 7

ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื‘ ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืฉื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ, ืฉืคืกืง ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ืœืขื™ืœ: ื”ืœื ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืœื ืคืกืง ื›ืŸ ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืชืงื ืช ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ: ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ื ื• "ื”ืœื›ืชื ืœืžืฉื™ื—ื"!
ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืžืชืจืฅ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื’ ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื, ืฉืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื” ืžืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืœ-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื โ€“ ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช: ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื” โ€“ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ; ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช โ€“ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ; ื•ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื ื™, ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”. ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื ื ื“ื—ื” ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ืื•ืœื ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืžืกื™ื™ื:
ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืืขืฉื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœืคืกื™ ื–"ืœ ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื“ืืžืจ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืœื ืฉื ื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื•ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื—ืจื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช
ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘, ื˜ื•โ€“ื˜ื–.
ื”ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื ืžืชืจืฅ, ืฉื‘ื’ืžืจื ื ืคืกืง ื›ื—ื ื ื™ื”, ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ื ื“ื—ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื,
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืœื ืฉื ื™ ื–ืžื ื™ื: ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”, ื•-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืคืกืงื™ื ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื’ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื“ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœื” ืœื”ื–ื›ืจื”, ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื”ืชื. ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื–"ืœ.

ืืžื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ืœื—ื•"ืœ, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ืืช ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืคื™ ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืคืกื•ืง ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœืขื™ืœ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื ื ื“ื—ื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื–, ื‘, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืœื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช โ€“
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉืื ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืžื™ื“; ื“ืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ, ื“ืœื ืคืœื•ื’ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ืชืงื ืชื. ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืš ื“ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื โ€“ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื˜ืขื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืฆื•ืจืชื” ื›ื“ืจื›ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื”, ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืชืงื ื” ืœื ื ืฉืชื ื™ืช.

ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืงืฉื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื—ืกืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคืจ. ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื, ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื• ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ื.
ื’ื ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ, ืื•"ื—, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื—, ืก"ืง ื•, ื“ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘, ืฉื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ืจืง ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื ื ืฆืจื›ื™ื, ื•ืœื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ืขื“ ืœืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืขื”. ื›ืืŸ ื ื—ืœืงื™ื ืชื ื ืงืžื ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”: ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืชื ื ืงืžื, ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘-ื’' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื—ืœ ืื–. ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™, ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ื–ื”, ืืœืžืœื ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ืโ€“ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ืโ€“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ื–ื”, ื™ื—ืœื•ืง ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืขืœ ื—ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉืกื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืจืง ื‘ืฉืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”. ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืื ื• ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื โ€“ ืงืจื™: ื›ื—ื ื ื™ื โ€“ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื” โ€“ ื‘ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”.
ื”ื—ื–ื•"ื ืžืงืฉื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืคืกืง ืฉื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘-ื’' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื”ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ื’, ื™, ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืคืกื•ืง ื›ืชื ื ืงืžื ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื‘-ื’' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฆ"ืข. 8

ื’. ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืจื’ืœ ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ
ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืกืงื ืชื• ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืื—ืจ:
ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ, ื“ื›ื™ ืื™ืคืกืงื ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืชืืกืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืงื ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืกื’ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื ืื—ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื™ ื“ื“ื‘ืจื ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืขืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“: ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืงื˜ื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื”ื–ื›ืจื” ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” (=ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ), ื•ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื›ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ (=ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ); ื•ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” โ€“ ื›ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื–ื›ืจื” (=ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ) ื•ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”.

ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ"ืŸ, ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš.
ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ื“, ื›ื—:
ืžื” ื™ื•ื ื” ื–ื•, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืืชื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื” ืžืชื—ืชื™ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื ื—ืช ืฉื•ื‘ื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื›ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื. 9

1. ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืขืชื ื•ื—ื–ืจืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื
ืื›ืŸ, ื’ื ืื ื ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจ"ืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื”ืื ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ื’ืขืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื–ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืžืจื, ื•ื”ืื ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงืฆืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืืœื• ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืงื— ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืชื ื• ืžืชืงื•ืคื” ืœืชืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ื’ื ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ื›ื— ืข"ื):
ื•ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– (ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื”)?... ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ืื—ืจ ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื•ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ื•ื™ื›ืจื™ื– ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“.

ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืกื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืžืžืฉื ืชื ื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื, ื’), ืฉื ืื•ืžืจ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืฉืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื ื—ืœืงื• ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืฉื: ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื™. ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ืฆืจืขื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ืขืœื• ืžืขื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื. ืœืคื™ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืืžืจ ืืช ื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ โ€“ ืื•ืœื ืงืฉื” ืœื™ื™ื—ืก ืืช ื“ื™ื ื• ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”. ืขืœ ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขืžื“ื™ืŸ (ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ื™ืขื‘"ืฅ ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืฉื), ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฉื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืขืœื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœื ื”ืชืื™ืžื” ืœืชืงื•ืคืชื•, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™.
ืื‘ื™ื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคื•ืš: ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืชื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ืขืœื• ืžืขื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืžืžื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฆืจื›ื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื’ื™ืข.
ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ืื‘ื™ื™ ืœื ื ื—ืœืงื• ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ืจื‘ ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™, ืืœื ื”ื ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืขืชื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ื‘ืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื—ื–ืจื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื•ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ื ืงื‘ืข ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ื”ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ื”ืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžืชืืจื™ื ืžืฆื‘ (ืื• ืชืงื•ืคื”) ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื‘ื™ืชื•.
ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืžืชื™ื ื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืขื“ ืฉืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืข, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืขืœ ืคื™ ืืœื• ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืข ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื”. ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืฉื, ื“"ื” ื—ืžื™ืฉื”, ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืืœื”: ืžื” ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” (ื•ืžืžื™ืœื: ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช)? ื”ืชื•ืก' ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืฉื˜ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืคืจืกื” ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืคืจืกื”. ืžืขืชื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื“ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืฉืจ ืคืจืกื•ืช, ื•ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขื“ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ (ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“) ื”ื•ื ืขืฉืจ ืคืจืกื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉื”ืœืš ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ (ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ืœืฆื™ื“ื”ึผ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ) ืœืงื—ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืชืฉืขื” ื™ื•ื ืจืง ืขื“ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืงืฆื” ื”ืืจืฅ! ื”ืชื•ืก' ืขื•ื ื™ื ืฉืฉื˜ื— ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืช"ืง ืคืจืกื” ืขืœ ืช"ืง ืคืจืกื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืจืžื™ื ื•ื™ืขืจื•ืช, ืืš ื”ืžืจื—ืง ืžืžืงื•ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืœื›ื• ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืชืฉืขื” ื™ืžื™ื. ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื™ื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืคื™ ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืจื’ื™ืœื” (ืขืฉืจ ืคืจืกื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื).
ืืš ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆืช ืฉื ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืก' ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจ"ืŸ ืœื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืฉื, ืฉืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืกื•ืกื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆืช ืฉื:
ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื ืžืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื ืœื˜ืจื•ื— ื•ืœืœื›ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืœืš ืื“ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™, ืฉืœื ืชืชืื—ืจ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. 10

ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืก' ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ, ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื•ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื”, ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื, ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืื–: ื”ืกื•ืก. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™, ืขืœ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืืžืฅ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชืชืขื›ื‘ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืื ื ืžืฆื ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื; ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ (ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ืื‘ื™ื™, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื•), ื‘ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื•ืกื™ื ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื. 11
ื›ื™ื•ื, ืื—ืจ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืฉื›ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื• ืžื˜ื•ืก, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืืฉืจ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืืฉืจ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืืฃ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ืชื™ื”ื. ื–ื”ื• ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. 12

2. ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืžื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื
ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื ื ื• ืขื“ ืขืชื” ืขืกืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื ืงื‘ืข ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืœ, ื•ืœื”ื™ืคืš. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืกื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืขื™ืจืง, ื”ื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื›ืœืœ ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ. ืœื•ึผ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืœื›ืช ืžืฉื ืœื›ืืŸ, ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื’ืœ, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขืกืงื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืื ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืœื˜ืขื ืฉืœ "ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช". ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ื ืžืฉื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื’ื ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืฉื.
ื™ืฉ ืืžื ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ: ื”ืื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœ? ื”ื ื—ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ืžื—ื•"ืœ ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื, ื™ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื™ื ื ื• ืงื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ. ืืš ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืื ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืคืกื—ื™ื (ื’ ืข"ื‘) ื ืืžืจ ืฉืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ืœื ืขืœื” ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ืœื ืขืœื” ืœืจื’ืœ. ื‘ืชื•ืก' ืฉื, ื“"ื” ืžืืœื™ื”, ื ืืžืจ:
ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื, ืฉืœื ืขืœื” ืœืจื’ืœ? ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงืจืงืข 13 , ืื• ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืœืš ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื“ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืคืกื— ื›ืžื• ืžืจืื™ื”. 14 ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื™ืŸ 15 โ€“ ื—ื•"ืœ ื”ื•ื, ื›ื“ืžื•ื›ื— ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืจืื”. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืœื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™, ื™: "ื•ืืจืš ื•ืื›ื“ ื•ื›ืœื ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืฉื ืขืจ" โ€“ ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืŸ: ื•ื”ื“ืก ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืงื˜ื™ืกืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื ื“ื‘ื‘ืœ.
ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื”ืœืœื• ืžืฉืžืข, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืกื— ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ ืฉื: "ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื”ื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ".
ื‘ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ืžืฉื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ื”ื•ืจื•ื‘ื™ืฅ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืฉื ื›ืชื‘: "ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื, ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ: ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื’ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืก', ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ (ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘). ืื•ืœื ื‘ืคืกืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืœืคืกื—ื™ื, ืคืจืง ื, ืื•ืช ื˜, ื›ืชื‘: "ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข, ืื• ื–ืงืŸ, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืจืื™ื™ื”". ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื•, ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. 16
ืื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื ืฆื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, 17 ื”ืจื™ ืฉืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื“ื—ื• ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช ! ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื‘ืฆืคื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช. ื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืš ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ื–ื” ื”ืชื•ืก' ืœืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื ืข"ื. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืขืงืจื• ืžืžืงื•ืžื. ืจืฉ"ื™, ื“"ื” ื•ืžืคื ื™, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื–ื• ืชืงื ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื”ืชื•ืก', ื“"ื” ื•ืžืคื ื™, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš:
ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื”ื ืš ื“ื™ืชื‘ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ืจ, ื“ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืžืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืขื“ ืคืกื—, ื›ื“ืชื ื™ื (ื”ืจืฉ"ืฉ ืžืชืงืŸ: ื›ื“ืชื ืŸ) ื‘ืค"ืง ื“ืชืขื ื™ืช ื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื: "ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื’ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช".
ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืชืงื ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ. 18
ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื ืชืงื ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื‘
ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืœื•ืงื— ื›ื™ื•ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื—ื–ืจื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืฃ ืœืืœื• ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื‘ืฆืคื•ื ื” ืื• ื‘ืจืจื•ืžื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™.
ื™ืชื™ืจื” ืžื–ืืช: ื’ื ืื ื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื” ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ืช, ื•ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ืขื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ืœื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื’ื ื”ื˜ื™ืกื” ืžืœื•ื“ ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืžืกืชื›ืžืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช.
ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ืœื ืจืง ืฉืžืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื’ืขื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืžืืคืฉืจ ื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื’ื ื›ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื. ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื ืœื ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจ, ืืœื ื‘ืื›ืกื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืžืจืชื™ืขื™ื. ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืœื ืกื•ืข ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื’ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื•ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื’ืฉืžื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืื™ื ื ืžืจืชื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื.
ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื™ื ื” ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื‘ืขื–"ื” ืœื›ืฉื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืชื™ื›ื•ื ืŸ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื•.

ืกื™ื›ื•ื
ืฉื ื™ ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ื ืืžืจื• ืœื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ื–ืžื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื“ ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ: ื. ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช โ€“ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื–ื” ื ื“ื—ื” ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืชืงืฃ ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื‘. ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื โ€“ ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืžื•ืง ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืชืงืฃ. ืœืขื•ืžืชื, ื™ืฉ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ื.
ืœืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื•ื, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื’ืขื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืื• ืืฃ ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ, ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™: ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื• ืžื˜ื•ืก. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื ื™ ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืื–, ื›ืš ื™ืฉ, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื.


ืžืชื•ืš:
ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ืื•ืจ ืขืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืคื™ืจื, ืชืฉืก"ื“,

ืขืž' 553-540


1. ื‘ ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ.
^ 1. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื• ืข"ื ื•ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื, ื•ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืืจื™ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ. ืฉืืœืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” โ€“ ืื ื‘-ื–' ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘-ื™"ื– ื‘ื• โ€“ ืžื•ืขืœื™ืช ื’ื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืื“ื ืฉื ื“ืจ ื ื“ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœื• ืขื“ ืœ"ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื". ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื? ืจืื”: ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื˜, ื–; ืžืฉื ื” ื ื“ืจื™ื ื—, ื”; ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื ื“ืจื™ื ืกื‘ ืข"ื‘โ€“ืกื’ ืข"ื ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื; ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ื™, ื™ื, ืจืื‘"ื“ ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื; ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืฉื•"ืข, ื™ื•"ื“, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื›, ื™ื— ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื›ืœื™ื; ืฉื•"ืช ืจื“ื‘"ื– ืžื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ - ืื•"ื—, ื™ื•"ื“ (ื—ืœืง ื—) ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืžื–.

^ 2. ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืžื” ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื.
^ 3. ืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ื•ื‘ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
^ 4. ื”ืจื‘ ืืจื™ื” ืœื™ื‘ ืžืžื™ืฅ, ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืืจื™ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื“ ืข"ื‘, ื”ืงืฉื” ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื”, ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื•ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ืืžื ื ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ืœืกื“ืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื.
^ 5. ื”ืจื‘ ืื”ืจืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘, ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื˜, ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ; ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื, ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื•; ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื•ืžืื™ืจื™ ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื.
^ 6. ื›ืš ืคื•ืกืง ื’ื ื”ืฉื•"ืข, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื“, ื, ื•ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื–, ื. ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ื• ืœืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื–, ื, ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืืช ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ื›ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืชื•ืก'. ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืืŸ, ืจืื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื ื•, ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื’.
^ 7. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉื, ืจืื”: ื™ืฆื—ืง ืกืคื™ืจ, "ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื", ื˜ืœืœื™ ืื•ืจื•ืช, ื’ (ืชืฉื "ื), ืขืž' 156โ€“164.
^ 8. ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ื—, ื™ื; ืงื”ืœืช ืจื‘ื” ื™ื, ื‘. ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื’ืœ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืจืื” ืขื•ื“: ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืฆืžื—, ืชืฉื‘"ืฅ, ื—ืœืง ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื; ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืกื•ืคืจ, ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ, ื™ื•"ื“, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืœื“; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื ื“ื, ืฉื•"ืช ื ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืžื”ื“ื•"ืช, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆื“; ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืจืฉ ื—ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจ"ืฅ ื—ื™ื•ืช, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื•, ืคืจืง ื’, ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื›ื’ ืข"ื ื•ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื“ ืข"ื‘; ื”ืจื™"ืž ื˜ื™ืงื•ืฆ'ื™ื ืกืงื™, ืขื™ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื’, ืขืž' ืจื‘โ€“ืจื“; ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง, ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ื, ืขืž' ืœื”; ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื•ืœื ืจืื˜ื”, ืฉื•"ืช ืงื•ืœ ืžื‘ืฉืจ, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™: ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืืš ืœื ื‘ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™; ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื•"ืช ืงื•ืœ ืžื‘ืฉืจ, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื’; ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืกื ื“ืจ, ืื”ืœ ืจื‘ืงื”, ืขืž' ื ื’โ€“ืงื™; ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ, ื”, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื•; ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ื•ื” ื“ืขืช, ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื” ื•ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื’, ื•ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ื•ื” ื“ืขืช, ื‘, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™; ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ, ืฉื™ ื›ื”ืŸ, ืขืž' ืชืงื˜ื–โ€“ืชืงื›ื–; ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ืฉื” ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื•"ืช ืžืฉื ื” ื”ืœื›ื•ืช, ื—ืœืง ื™ื‘, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืคื‘; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื“. ื‘ืกืคืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื (ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืงื™ืฆื™ ื ืจื“ืžื™ื), ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจืœ, ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืจื‘ ื”ืื™ ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื ืจื‘ื” ืฉื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื. ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ ื”ืื™, ืจืื” ื‘ืžืืžืจ: "ื”ืงืคืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ื‘ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช".
^ 9. ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื, ืฉืื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
^ 10. ืืžื ื ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉ"ืฉ ืœืกื•ื›ื” ืžื“ ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ืŸ.
^ 11. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื, ืขืž' ืจืžื–, ืฉื ื™ืกื— ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ื›ืš: "ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืฉืืœืช ื˜ืœ ื•ืžื˜ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื’, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืกืคื™ืงื• ืขื•ืœื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื—ื•ื– ื—ืคืฆื. ื•ืฉื™ืขืจื• ืื– ืฉื“ืจื•ืฉ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ื›ืจื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื ื”ืจ ืคืจืช, ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื". ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ, ื—ืœืง ื”, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื•, ืคืกืง: "ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื“ื™ื ื ืฉืื ื˜ืขื” ื•ืฉืืœ ื˜ืœ ื•ืžื˜ืจ ื”ื—ืœ ืžืžื•ืฆืื™ ื™ื•"ื˜ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื"ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ โ€“ ืื ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืชืคืœืชื•, ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืชืคืœืชื• ื•ืœื ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ; ื•ืื ืกื™ื™ื ืชืคืœืชื•, ืืข"ืค ืฉืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ืชื ืื™, ืฉืื ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืชืคืœื” ื ื“ื‘ื”, ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืžืข ืชืคืœื”. (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื–, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘ ื•ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืฉ"ื› ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ, ื—"ื‘, ื—ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™). ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื™ื–, ืก"ืง ื™ื’) ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื".
^ 12. ืœืงืžืŸ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ื— ืข"ื‘ ื ืืžืจ: "ืืžืจ ืจ' ืืžื™: ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ืขื•ืœื” ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืœืจื’ืœ".
^ 13. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื• ืข"ื, ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ.
^ 14. ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื. ืชื•ืกืคืชื ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื™ื; ืชื•ืกืคืชื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”, ื; ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื‘ ืข"ื‘, ื•ืขื•ื“.
^ 15. ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ื "ืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื•, ื•ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื“ื ื• ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•. ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืจื•ื–ืื ื™ืก, ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžืœืš, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื, ื, ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช: "ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืก' ืืœื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืฆืœื™ ืชืœืžื•ื“". ืจืื”: ืฆืœ"ื— ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืฉื; ืžื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืžืฆื•ื” ื”, ืื•ืช ื™ื’; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขืžื“ื™ืŸ, ืฉื•"ืช ืฉืื™ืœืช ื™ืขื‘"ืฅ, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื›ื–; ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื“ื•ื“ ืื–ื•ืœืื™, ืฉื•"ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืืœ, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื“; ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื•ืžืฅ, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื•; ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ืœื•ื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื•ืจื•ื•ื™ืฅ, ืฉื•"ืช ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ื™, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื; ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ืฉื˜ืจืŸ, ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ืฆืœ ื”ื—ื›ืžื”, ื—ืœืง ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื›ื•; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ื™ืก, ืฉื•"ืช ืžื ื—ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง, ื—ืœืง ื•, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื˜; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืงื•ืชื™ืืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืœื‘ืจืฉื˜ื, ืฉื•"ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื›ื˜; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•, ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ื˜ื–โ€“ื™ื–.
^ 16. ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืจืื” ื’ื: ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืขื‘ ืข"ื.
^ 17. ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืก' ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืฆืช ืœื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื›ื— ืข"ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ืก' ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื›ื’ ืข"ื‘, ื“"ื” ื›ืžื”. ืืžื ื ืžื•ื›ื— ืžืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื ืข"ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืฉื, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชื•ืก' ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื’ ืข"ื‘, ื“"ื” ืžืืœื™ื”, ืฉืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฉืื™ืœืช ื™ืขื‘ืฅ (ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ืขืจื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช). ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืฉื ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืื™ืœืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ืชืงื ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจื’ืœ, ื•ืœื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืืœื” ืื ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ ื ื”ื’ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืœ ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ื ื ื•. ื‘ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•"ืœ ืžืžื™ืœื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ ืข"ื, ื•ืคืกืง ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘, ื˜ื–. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืจื•ื—ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืืฃ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœ ืื• ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื’ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืกืžื•ืš ืœืกื•ื›ื•ืช. ืกื‘ืจื” ื–ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ ืงื•ืง, ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืจื™ื ื”, ื—ืœืง ื’, ืขืž' 156.
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