ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ
  • ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ืคืกื— ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช
undefined
29 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ืžื™ื›ืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืžื–ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘

ื. ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ
ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื˜"ื• ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ: ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื—; ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜, ื™ื). ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœืื•ื›ืœื: ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”, ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื (ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื) ื›ืื—ื“? ืœื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ, ืฉืขืœื” ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช: "ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืชืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ" (ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืคืกื—ื™ื ื‘, ื›ื‘). 1
ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื’ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื˜ ืข"ื):
ื“ืชื ื™ื: ืืžืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ, ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜, ื™ื). 2

ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื. ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ืฉืืœื”, ืžื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ: ื”ืื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื, 3 ืื• ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื? 4 ืขืœ ืืฃ ืื™-ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ืžืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™, ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ: ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ (ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื) ื›ืื—ื“ .
ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžื•ืกืจ: "ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื). ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžื•ืกืจ ืœื ื• ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ืฉืื›ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ืœืงื• ืขืœื™ื•; 5 ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ื’ื ืœืคืจืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ืืœื ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื— ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืคืจืฉื ื•ืชื•-ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ, ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืื—ืจืช ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•". 6 ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื’ื ืฉืขื“ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื—, ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ืœืœ ืฉื ื”ื’ ื›ืื—ืช ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืžื•ืชื•.
ื”ืœืœ ื”ืชืžื ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืืจืฆื”, ื–ืืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ื•ื™ืชืจื• ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื•, ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉืืœื” ืฉื ืชืขืœืžื” ืžื”ื: ื”ืื ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื™"ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช? ื”ืœืœ ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื”ื•ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช), ื•"ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืœืœ ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—" (ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“, ื™ื’โ€“ื™ื“; ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื•, ื; ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืกื• ืข"ื). 7 ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืงื‘ืข ื”ืœืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคืกื—: "ืขืœ ื’' ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขืœื” ื”ืœืœ ืžื‘ื‘ืœ... ื•ื“ืจืฉ ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ื•ืขืœื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืœื›ื”" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื•, ื). ืฉืชื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืืจ ื•ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืœืœ ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—: ื”ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ื–ื‘ื—ืช ืคืกื— ืœื”' ืืœืงื™ืš ืฆืืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืจ" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–, ื‘) โ€“ ืฆืืŸ ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ื•ื‘ืงืจ ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื”; ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื "ืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ื ืชืื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–, ื—) ื•-"ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืชืื›ืœื•" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื˜ื•) โ€“ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ. 8
ื ื™ื›ืจืช, ืื™ืคื•ื, ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืจืฆื” ื”ืœืœ ื’ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ืื ื›ื™ ื–ืืช ืœื ื ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืข"ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: "ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื).
ืžื” ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ? ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ื—ืœื” ื, ื) ืžื‘ื™ื:
ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืฉืœืฉืชืŸ ื›ืื—ืช. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ื—ืœื•ืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ. ื•ื”ื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ? โ€“ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ; ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชื™ืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ: ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•. 9

ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื•ืจื• ืฉืœื ืœื›ืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืื•ื›ืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•; ืื• ืฉื”ื•ืจืืชื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ืœื›ืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืคืกื— ืขื ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื. ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื โ€“ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ืžืฆื” ื•ืคืกื—, ืื• ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืคืกื—. ืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื”ืœืœ ื›ืจืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ื—ืœืงื• ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉืœื ื›ืจื›ื• ืืช ื”ืคืกื— ืขื ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ: ืื• ืฉื”ื ืื›ืœื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ืื• ืฉื›ืจื›ื• ืจืง ืฉื ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. 10
ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืคืจืฉ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ โ€“ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ โ€“ ื‘ืžื” ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•:
ืชื ื™ื: ืืžืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ, ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•". ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื—ื‘ื™ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ, ื“ืชื ื™ื: ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื™ื”ื ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืœืœ ืื•ื›ืœืŸ? ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" โ€“ ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ืžืชืงื™ืฃ ืœื” ืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ืื™ ื”ื›ื™, ืžืื™ "ืืคื™ืœื•"? ืืœื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ื”ืื™ ืชื ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืชื ื™: ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ื™ืฆื ื‘ื”ื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ, ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ืœืœ ืื•ื›ืœืŸ? ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" โ€“ ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื).


ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื ืืช ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืคืจืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช-ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•:
ื. ื”ืœืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืจืง ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื• โ€“ ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•", ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื•ืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ, ืฉืชื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช: ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื•ื›ืœื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช, ืื• ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”. 11
ื‘. ื”ืœืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ืฆื ื’ื ืื ืื›ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืจืง ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื’ื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”. ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช. 12
ื’. ื”ืœืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ืฆื ื’ื ืื ืื›ืœ ื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ืœื•ืงื™ื, ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ื ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื: ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื›ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ; ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื•ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื’ื™ืจืกื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื. ื‘ืžืงื•ื: "ืืœื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ื”ืื™ ืชื ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืชื ื™", ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจืก: "ืืœื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™: ื”ืื™ ืชื ื ืชื ื ื“ื”ืœืœ ื”ื•ื". 13
ื“. ื”ืœืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืจืง ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื, ื•ืœืคื™ื”ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“. ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœืื•ืชื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื•, ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืžื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉื’ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• , ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื•ื“. 14
ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ืจืื• ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืื• ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืœืœ ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ืฉื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืื• ืืฃ ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืงื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช ื‘ืžื” ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•. ืœืงืžืŸ ืืฃ ื ืจืื” ืฉืœืคื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช, ืžื—ืœื•ืงืชื ืื™ื ื ื” ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืจ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื‘. ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ
1. ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ
ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืœืœ. ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ (ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช). ืืš ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื›ืœืœ ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช โ€“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ โ€“ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื•. 15
ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืœื‘ื“ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื”ืœืœ. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื“, ื) ื ืืžืจ ืฉืจ' ื™ืจืžื™ื” ืื• ืจ' ื™ื•ื ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื•, ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืชืจื’ื ื‘ืขืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื”) โ€“ ื›ืš: "ืคื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืจืงื•ื ืŸ". ืœื“ืขืชื ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืชืจื’ื: "ืคื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืขื ืžืจื•ืจื™ืŸ". ืจืง ื™ืจืง ื”ืงืจื•ื™ "ืžืจื•ืจ" ื›ืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืžืจื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ืฉืืจ ื™ืจืงื•ืช. ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ื•ื "ืขื" ื•ืœื "ืขืœ", ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืชืจื’ื ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ืคื˜ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืžืจืจื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื”". ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื•ืœื ืืžืจ 'ืขื', ืœืœืžื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ". 16 ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืฉื”ืžืชืจื’ื "ืขื"- ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืจื’ืžื• ืืžื•ืจืื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจ' ื™ืจืžื™ื” ืื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจ' ื™ื•ื ื” โ€“ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ.
ืืš ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืฉืœ ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื›ืื—ื“:
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื: ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืจื‘ ืžืฉืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ, 17 ื”ื›ื™ ืืžืจ ื”ืœืœ 18 ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื: ืœื ื ื™ื›ืจื•ืš ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื).

ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื" โ€“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื•: ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืื—ืจืช: "ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืžื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืžืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื". 19 ื˜ืขืžื ื•ื ื™ืžื•ืงื:
ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœืŸ ืžืฆื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื•ืืชื™ ืžืจื•ืจ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ืœื™ื” ืœืžืฆื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• โ€“ ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืื• ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ โ€“ ืืชื™ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ืœื™ื” ืœื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืžืืŸ ืชื ื ื“ืฉืžืขืช ืœื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื•? ื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื, ื“ืชื ื™ื: ืืžืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื).

ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืžืฆื” ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืืžื•ืจืื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ื›ื”ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืช (ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”); ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉื•ื ื” โ€“ ืžืฆื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ โ€“ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืจื•ืš. ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ืืœื• ืžื›ืจื™ืขื™ื ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•. 20
ืชืคื™ืกืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจื ื”ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ืœืขื™ืœ. ืœืคื™ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืื• ืืฃ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืœื›ืจื•ืš, ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ; ื–ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื“ืขืช ืืžื•ืจืื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืœืœ ื™ื•ื“ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืจื•ืš. ื”ืจืงืข ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•, ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœืืžื•ืจืื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื‘ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ืžืืฉืจ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™, ืžื•ืขืœื” ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•, ืืš ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ืืช ื“ืขืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืืžื•ืจื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืื—ืจ (ืจื‘ ืืฉื™) ืžืชื‘ืจืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•": ื”ืื ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช, ืื• ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”. ื•ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ื™ื:
ื”ืฉืชื ื“ืœื ืื™ืชืžืจ ื”ืœื›ืชื ืœื ื›ื”ืœืœ ื•ืœื ื›ืจื‘ื ืŸ โ€“ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื”" ื•ืื›ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื“ืจ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืจื•ืจ" ื•ืื›ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื“ืจ ืื›ื™ืœ ืžืฆื” ื•ื—ืกื ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื).

ื”ืื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ", ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื›ืืŸ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ืืช ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืœืื•ืจ ืžื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช: ื”ืœืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ื”ืฉืชื" ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื• ื™ืฆืื” ืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื•ืจืื™ื. 21 ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื• ืžื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ื›ืš, ื•ืžืžืชื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ืืช, ืืš ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื, ืื• ืืฃ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš.
ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื›"ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช. ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื”ืŸ ื›ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื›ื”ืœืœ?
ื™ืฉ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืœืฉืืœืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืœืœ ื™ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ื ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ื ืคืจื“. 22
ืืš ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื’ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืื—ืจืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืฉืื™ื ื ืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•. ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™ ื ื™ืชื— ืืช ื”ื›ืจืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื:
ื•ื”ื ื” ืฉืœืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืžืกืคืงื ืœื™ื” ืœืชืœืžื•ื“: ื. ื“ื™ืœืžื ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื“ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ; ื‘. ืื• ื“ื™ืœืžื ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ืชื ื ื“ื”ืœืœ, ื“ืœื ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืืœื ืœืžืฆื•ื” ืžื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืœืžื™ืขื‘ื“ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื“ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืจื™ื›ื” (ืื•) [ืื–] ืœืžืฆื•ื”. ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” (ืœ ืข"ื): ืžื ืœืŸ ื“ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื›ื•'; ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ ื ืžื™ ื‘ืœื ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื“ื“ื™ืœืžื ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื ื, ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืจื•ืš ื’ืจื™ื“ื, ื“ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื“ื”ื ืœื“ื™ื“ื”ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืื–. ื’. ื•ืชื• ืžืกืคืงื ืœืŸ ื“ื™ืœืžื ื”ืœื›ืชื ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืชื ื ื“ื”ืœืœ ืžืคืงื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ื“ื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื›ืจื™ืขื• ื‘ืžืงืฆืช ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจื•.

ื”ื™ืœื›ืš ืžื‘ืจืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฆื” ืœื—ื•ื“ื” ื•ืื›ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื“ืจ ืžื‘ืจืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืจื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ื“ื™ื” ื•ืื›ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื“ืจ ืื›ื™ืœ ืœื”ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื“ื—ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืŸ ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื”. "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ" โ€“ ืงืื™ ืื›ื•ืœื™ื” ืžื™ืœืชื, ืื‘ืœ ืื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, 23 ื“ืชืจื•ื•ื™ื”ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืœืžื™ืขื‘ื“ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื›ื“ืคืจื™ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœ. ื•ืื™ืคื›ื ื”ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืœืžื™ืขื‘ื“: ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ืชื ื™ื ื“ื”ืœืœ ืžื•ื“ื™ ืœืจื‘ื ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ ื“ืœื ืžืขื›ื‘ื ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ืœื›ืš ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืœื ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื˜ืคื™ ืžื›ืจื™ื›ื”; ื•ืžืื—ืจ ื“ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืœื ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืžืœื ื›ืจื™ืกื• ื”ื™ืžื ื• ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื‘ืจืš, ื“ืงื™ื™ืžื ืœืŸ ื›ืจื‘ ื—ืกื“ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื™ ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืจืงื™. ื•ืชื• ืœื ืžื™ื“ื™. 24
ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื” ืขืžื“ื” ื’ื™ืจืกื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœื™:
ื”ืฉืชื ื“ืœื ืื™ืชืžืจ ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื ื›ื”ืœืœ ื•ืœื ื”ืœื›ืชื ื›ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืžื‘ืจืš ืืžืฆื” ืœื—ื•ื“ื™ื” ื•ืื›ื™ืœ... ืื‘ื™ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื“ื™ ื”ื“ื“ื™ ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, (ื‘ืœื "ื›ื”ืœืœ") ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”. 25

ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื”, ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข, ื•ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืœืœ. ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืœืœ, ื•ืœื ืจืง ื–ื›ืจ ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. 26
ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ โ€“ ืœื—ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ื›ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ:
ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ืžื‘ืจืš "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื", ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ "ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื”", ื•ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ืžืฆื” ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืจืš "ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืจื•ืจ", ื•ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœ... ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื›ื•ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ื•ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช, ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ. 27

ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, 28 ื•ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืจื•ืจ โ€“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื. 29 ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื” ื•ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ.
ื’ื ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจืžื‘"ื. ืœืคื™ื•, ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ืžื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข, ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื“ืขืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืคืจื“ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืื—"ื› ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืœืœ. 30
ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ ื’ื ื™ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ ื”ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ "ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ" ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช. ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื’ื ื™ื–ื” ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื ืžืฆืื” ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืฉืื™ื ื ื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืœื ื•, ืžืžื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื›ืจื›ื• ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ื•ืืฃ ื‘ืฉืจ ืฆืœื•ื™: 31
ื ืกื‘ ืžืฉ ืคื˜ื™ืจ ืฆื•ืœื™ื™ ื•ืžืจื•ืจ... ื•ืœื ื˜ืขื ื›ืœื•ื ืขื“ ื–ืžืŸ ื“ื”ื•ื ืฆื‘ืข ื™ืชื”ื•ืŸ [ื‘ืฆ]ื‘ืชื ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”ื•ืŸ ื‘[ื] ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืฆ[ื•ื ื•] ืœื•ืื›ืœ (!) ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื”, ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืฉื” ื ื™ืกื™ื ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•. 32

ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื’ืžืจื โ€“ ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฆื”, ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืจื•ืจ ื›ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ โ€“ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
2. ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ
ื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื›ืื—ื“ ื•ืื•ื›ืœื. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”: ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”. ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ื—ื™ืœื• ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ืœื—ื•ื“ ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”. ื”ื ื—ืชื ื”ื™ื, ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื›ื•ืจืš ื•ื’ื ืžื˜ื‘ืœ. ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื: ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ืช ืœื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืงื•ื™ื™ืžื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ.
ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื ืืžืจ:
ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืคื ื™ื• ืžืฆื” ื•ื—ื–ืจืช ื•ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื•ืฉื ื™ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ืจื•ืกืช ืžืฆื•ื”. ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื“ื•ืง ืื•ืžืจ: ืžืฆื•ื” (ืžืฉื ื” ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื’).

ืขืœ ืกื™ื‘ืช ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื. "ืžืฉื•ื ืงืคื" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ืโ€“ืงื˜ื– ืข"ื) โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”: ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืก, ื”ืžืจื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืจื•ืจ; 33 ืื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื˜ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื’; ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื– ืข"ื).
ื‘ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืืช ื›ื•ืชื‘:
ื•ื›ื•ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื‘ื—ื–ืจืช ื•ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช, ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ. 34

ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘:
ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, 35 ื•ื›ื•ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื“, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ. 36

ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื˜ื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช, ื•ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ืœื ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื•, ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘"ืจ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™, ืฉื›ืชื‘:
ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืœืžื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื’ื ื–ื” ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ืจืš ืขื ื”ืžืฆื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช. ื•ืœื ื ื”ื™ืจื ืœื™, ื“ืฉื ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื•ืœื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ืŸ. 37

ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื” ื ื’ื“ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืจืง ืคืขืžื™ื™ื. 38
ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื ืžืืจื™, ื•ืœืคื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื˜ื‘ืœ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ. 39
ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื– ืžืœืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืชืคืจืกื ื•ื ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื, ืืš ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขื•ืฅ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ื˜ืขืžื™ื”ื. ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื—ื™ื“ืฉื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ. ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื—ืคืฉ ืฆื™ื“ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ.
ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื, ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื:
ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืœื ืื“ื›ืจ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ, 40 ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœื ื‘ืœื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ, 41 ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื ื”ื’ ืกืคืจื“ ื•ืคืจื•ื‘ื ืฆื™ื ื•ืจื•ื‘ ืฆืจืคืช โ€“ ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ ื–ื›ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื˜? ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœื˜ื‘ืœ... ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืจ"ืฉ ื–"ืœ: ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื˜ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื›ื•ืจืš ื‘ื• ื”ืžืฆื”, ื•ื™ืื›ืœ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ. 42

ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื•ื, ืฉืืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืœ, ืืš ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ. ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื˜, ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืก. 43 ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื•ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ โ€“ ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ. ื›ืš ื ื™ืกื— ื–ืืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืฉืจ: "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ; ื•ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช, ื“ื”ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื–ื”". 44
ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืกืคืจื“, ื‘ืคืจื•ื‘ื ืก ื•ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืฆืจืคืช, ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ. ืื•ืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื’ื ืœืกืคืจื“ ื•ืœืคืจื•ื‘ื ืก ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. 45 ืืžื ื ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื– ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื›ืš, ื•ื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ, ืื ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื– ื™ืฉื ื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžืคืœื™ื™ื–ื:
ื•ื”ื“ืจ ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”. ื•ื”ืคื™ื™ื˜ ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื•ื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ื• ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืชื™ืžื, ืžื™ ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืงืคื ื–ื”? ื•ื“ื•ื—ืง ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•. ืœื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช. 46

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžืคืœื™ื™ื–ื "ื•ื“ื•ื—ืง ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•" โ€“ ื”ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขืœื” ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ. ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืœืœ ืขื•ืฉื”.
ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘"ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืืฉื›ื ื– ื•ืกืคืจื“, ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ; ืื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ. 47 ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื•, 48 ื•ื›ืŸ ืจ' ื™ื•ืืœ ืกื™ืจืงื™ืก, 49 ื›ืชื‘ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ, ื•ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื’ื ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš. ื”ืจืž"ื, ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื–, ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš:
ื”ื’ื”: ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืœื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืจืื™ืชื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ. 50
ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื›ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, 51 ืืœื ืฉื”ื ืžื•ึผื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื, ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื: "ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ื ื”ื•ื’ ื ื”ื•ื’". 52 ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ ืื—"ื› ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”. 53 ืืš ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื:
ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื“ื”ื ื”ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืืจืก, ื•ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช? ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœื™ื” ื“ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื• ื”ื—ืจื•ืกืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืกื‘ื™ืจื ืœื™ื” ื“ื”ืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืืจืก. 54

ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“, ื•ืืฃ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ื–ืืช. ื–ื• ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื“ (ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืืช) ื•ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื– (ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™). ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ืืš ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜ ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื“ ื•ื‘ืคืจื•ื‘ื ืก, ืื ื›ื™ ื‘ืืฉื›ื ื– ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื–ื”. ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืœื ืจืื• ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจืก; ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœืœื• ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ืจืง ืฉื ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื. ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืฉืื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืœืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ; ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ", ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉื›ืš ื ื”ื’ ื”ืœืœ, ืืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœืช ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืืฉื›ื ื– โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœื˜ื‘ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื›ืŸ. 55

3. ื”ืกื‘ื”
ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืœื–ื›ืจ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”.
ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉื ื”: "ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืกื‘" (ืžืฉื ื” ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื); ื•ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“: "ืžืฆื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”, ืžืจื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื— ืข"ื). ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœืฉืืœื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—. 56
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืขืช ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ? ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘? ื’ื ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื‘ืกืคืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื.
ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืชื”. ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืืฆืœ ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื ืžืืจื™. ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ, ืืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘, ืื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื ืžืง ืžื“ื•ืข. 57 ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™ ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ื™ืžื•ืง:
ื•ืœื•ืงื— ื”ืžืฆื” ื”ื’' ื•ื›ื•ืจืš ืžืžื ื” ื‘ื—ื–ืจืช ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” โ€“ ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืžืฆื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช. 58

ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœืœื ื›ืœ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”, 59 ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื ืžืงื™ื ืืช ืื™-ื”ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. 60 ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื–ื• ื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ ื’ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื™ืืœ, ืื—ื™ ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘"ืจ ืืฉืจ:
ื›ืชื‘ ืื—ื™ ื”"ืจ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ื–"ืœ: ืžืกืคืงื ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืื™ ื‘ืขื™ ื”ืกื‘ื”, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืžืจื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ืขื™ ื”ื™ืกื™ื‘ื”. ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื›ืชื‘ ื“ื‘ืขื™ ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื” ืฉื‘ืื” ื–ื›ืจ ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช. 61

ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ื‘ืŸ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ืŸ ื–ืจื— ื ื™ืžืง ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืกื‘: "ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืœืœ ืžื™ืกื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืื•ื›ืœื". 62 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื•, ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืกื‘ืจ:
ื•ืœื™ ื ืจืื” ื“ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ื“ื‘ืขื™ ื”ืกื‘ื”, ืฉื”ืœืœ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžืฆื” ื“ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืœื” ืœื• ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ื“ืžืฆื•ื”, ื•ืงื™ื™"ืœ ื“ืžืฆื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืกื‘ื”. ื•ืืข"ื’ ื“ืžืจื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกื‘ื” โ€“ ืื ืจืฆื” ืœืื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœื•ื... ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืžืฆื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ืกื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ื‘ื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื“ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื”. 63

ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืื›ืŸ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืกื‘, ืืš ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืœืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื— ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืจืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื•, ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืกื‘ ื’ื ื›ืืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•.
ืจ' ื™ื•ืืœ ืกื™ืจืงืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืืš ื ื™ืžื•ืงื• ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—, ื•ืœื ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื”:
ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืคืกื—, ืฉื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ืž"ืฉ "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•", ืืœืžื ื“ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื— ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ; ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืžื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ืœืžื™ืขื‘ื“ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืกื—. 64

ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, 65 ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช. 66
ื’ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื–ื”ื•ืช ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ืช ืœื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” (ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉ)ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ื’. ืืžื™ืจืช "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ"
ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื’ืžืจื "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื”ื, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื—. ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš, ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ื ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื›ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื–ื”. ืœื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš. 67
ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ื”ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ื‘ืŸ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ืŸ ื–ืจื— (ืœืคื ื™ ื›-700 ืฉื ื”), ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš, ื•ื•ืืจืฉื ืชืจ"ืž, ืงื• ืข"ื’:
ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืงื— ื”ืžืฆื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื•ื™ื‘ืฆืข ืžืžื ื• ื›ื–ื™ืช, ื•ื›ื•ืจื›ื• ืขื ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช, ื•ืื•ืžืจ: ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ ื•ื›ื•' ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื”.

ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืžืงื•ืจ ืงื“ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื” ืœืคื ื™ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืฉืœ ืืžื™ืจืช ื ื•ืกื— ื–ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” ื›ื”ื ื—ื™ื”. ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื• ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ื“ืคื•ืก, ื”ืคื›ื” ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื–ื• ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื•ืžืจื•.
ื‘ืขืœ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื•, ืืœื ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ ื•ื›ื•' ". ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืืžื™ืจื”-ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชืคืง ืจืง ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื ื”ึผ ื‘ืงืฆืจื”. ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช: ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืืฉื›ื ื– ืื•ืžืจื™ื:
ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ. ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื: ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš (ืคืกื—) ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•".

ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื:
ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ื›ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•".

ื”ื ื—ื™ื”-ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื ืคืกืงื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ื:
ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช. ืื•ืžืจ: ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ.

ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจืž"ื, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื”, ืฉื, ืื•ืช ื’, ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ. ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืคืฉื˜ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืขื“ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื–ื• ืขืจืขืจ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ื“"ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื›ืจ:
ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ โ€“ ืงืฉื”, ื”ืœื ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื™ ื”ืคืกืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื›ืจื™ื›ื”? ื•ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืžืกื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœื”ืกื™ื— ื•ื›ื•' ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืขืœื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื•'! ื•ื“ื•ื—ืง ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื’ื ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• "ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืš". ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ืœืฉื•ื ืคื•ืกืง ื”ืื™ ืœื™ืฉื ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ, ืจืง ื›ืชื‘ื• ื“ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืฉื™ืืžืจ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ". ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ "ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ ื•ื›ื•' ", ืืœื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ืื—"ื› ื™ืืžืจ ื”ื’ื“ื” ื–ื•. ื•ืœื•ืœื ื“ืžืกืชืคื™ื ื ื”ื•ื™ ืืžื™ื ื ื“ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ืžื—ื‘ืจ: "ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื” ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ", ื•ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ืก ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ื”ืื™ "ื•ืื•ืžืจ" ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื˜ืคื ื“ืœื™ืฉื ื, ื•ืฆ"ืข.

ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” "ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืžืฆืืชื™ ืœืฉื•ื ืคื•ืกืง ื”ืื™ ืœื™ืฉื ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ" โ€“ ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœืกืคืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืฉื”ืจื™, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืžื™ืจืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื–ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš, ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”. ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื˜ื˜ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ, ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื‘ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ืขื“ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืฆื˜ื˜ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. 68
ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœื” ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื’ื™ืจืกืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš: ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ืฉื ื“ืคืก ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื•, ื•ื’ื ืฉื ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื›ืœืคื ื™ื ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืืจื™ืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ืžืกื™ืง ืฉืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื‘ื”ืจืจื™ ืงื“ืฉ, "ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืฉื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื•ืžืจื•, ื•ืžื ื”ื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื". 69
ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” "ื•ื“ื•ื—ืง ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื’ื ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื›ืžื• ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื™ืš" โ€“ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื, ื›ื ืจืื”, ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, 70 ืฉื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื”ืœืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืœื• ืœื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื’ื ืœื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื›ื”ืœืœ, "ื“ื”ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืœื ืื™ืชืžืจ ื”ืœื›ืชื ืœื ื›ืžืจ ื•ืœื ื›ืžืจ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืžืจื ื›ืชืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื”ื•, ื”ื›ื ื ืžื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ืขื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ". ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื˜ื•ืจ: "ืื‘ืœ 'ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืš' ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ื”ืคืกืง". ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืืžื™ืจืช "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ืœื ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืฉืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืขื ื’ื™ืœ, ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉ"ืก, ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™ื— ืข"ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื, ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ืœื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ืก ืข"ื‘, ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื›ืจ ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืคื™ื•: "ื–ื” ื–ื›ืจ ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ". ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืืจ ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ืชื“ื‘ืง ืœืฉื•ื ื™ ืœื—ึดื›ึผึดื™ ืื ืœื ืื–ื›ืจื›ื™" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงืœื–, ื•). ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื™ืง ื‘ืขืœ ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉ"ืก:
ื•ื–ื” ืžืงื•ืจ ืœึฐืžื” ืฉืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื— "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ", ื“ื’ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ื›ืจ ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื ื•, ื•ื›ื“ื™ืœืคื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ืœ ืข"ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืžืงืจื ื“"ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื, ื“ึผึนืจืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”" (ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ืœ, ื™ื–) โ€“ ืžื›ืœืœ ื“ื‘ืขื™ื ื“ืจื™ืฉื”. 71

ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื, ืฉืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืžื™ืจื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื: ื‘ืขืช ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืœื•ืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“, ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืคืช ื‘ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขื ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•'. ืืžื ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืืคื™ืงื•ืžืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ: "ื–ื›ืจ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื— ื”ื ืื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืข".
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ื’ืขืฆื™ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื•ืจื•ื•ื™ืฅ. 72 ืœืคื™ื•, ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื–ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืืช ืกื™ื‘ืช ืื›ื™ืœืชื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืžืจื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ืžื”?", "ืžืฆื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ืžื”?". ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ื–ื•, ืื ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืœืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื–ื• ื ืื›ืœืช ื›ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ.
ืืžื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื•, ืฉื ื•ืกืคื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื™ื ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืœื—ื ืขื•ื ื™ โ€“ ืฉืขื•ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื‘). ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืคื”-ืกื—. ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ืš: "ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ืืžืจ... ืœื ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื•": ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื•ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ื”. ืคืกื— ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื’ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืœื ื• ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื ื“ืข ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืžื”ื• ื”ื˜ืขื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ื–ื•. ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช: ื›ื–ื™ืช ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื—ื ืขื•ื ื™, ื‘ืฉืจ ืฆืœื™, ื™ืจืง ืžืจ โ€“ืœื ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืขื™ืงืจ, ืืœื ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื”, ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ื”ืคื ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ื•ืฉ, ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื–ื•, ื•ื–ืืช ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืข"ื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืฆื•ืจืคืช ืœืื›ื™ืœื”.
ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ื™ืฉ ืคืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ื–ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื— ืฉื”ื•ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื”: "ืคืกื— ืขืœ ืฉื•ื ืžื”?" ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืคืกื— ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช: "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ" ืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื‘ืคืกื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื”ืจื”. "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ"; "ื•ื ืื›ืœ ืฉื ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืคืกื—ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื’ื™ืข ื“ืžื ืขืœ ืงื™ืจ ืžื–ื‘ื—ืš ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ".

ืกื™ื›ื•ื
ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืื ื›ืŸ, ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืฉืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื›"ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ": ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืจื•ืš, ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืกื‘ืจื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ื›ื•ืจืš, ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืœ ื•ืžื™ืกื‘ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื“ืžื•ืช ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื ืขื ืžื” ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘. ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืชื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื, ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืœื›ืชื ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ: ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื‘ โ€“ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœื ืžืกื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืจื•ืจ. ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ: ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืกื‘, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ โ€“ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฆื” ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ืืช ื”ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ, ืื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ.
ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืื›ืœื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ" ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื: ื–ื›ืจ ืœึฐืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื. ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช, ืื™ืคื•ื, ืœืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœืชืงื•ืคื”, ื•ืœืื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.




ืžืชื•ืš:
ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ืื•ืจ ืขืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืคื™ืจื, ืชืฉืก"ื“,
ืขืž' 444-425


^ 1. ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื—ืœื” ื, ื: "ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืชืŸ ื›ืื—ืช". ื’ื ื‘ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื“ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื™ื‘, ื—, ืžื•ืคื™ืข: " 'ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•'โ€“ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื›ืื—ืช. ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ".
^ 2. ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื”, ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืจืš, ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืชืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื–ืืช ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื—). ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืืจื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื”, ื›ืจืš ื™ื, ืขืž' ืฆื–โ€“ืง, ืจื™โ€“ืจื™ื’.
^ 3. ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉื™ื: ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ืฉื”ื™ื”; ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืชื•ืก' ืœื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ืขื˜ ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ืืžืจื•; ืชื•ืก' ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื› ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื”; ืชื•ืก' ืœืžื ื—ื•ืช ื›ื‘ ืข"ื‘, ื“"ื” ืžื›ืืŸ; ืจ' ืฉืžื—ื” ืžื•ื™ื˜ืจื™, ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ืจื™, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืกื”, ืขืž' 282; ืจืฉื‘"ื, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ; ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืจื™ืœื™ืื•ืŸ, ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืœืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื—ืœืง ื, ืขืž' ืฉื™ื—, ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ืœ; ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืœื•ื ื™ืœ, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื; ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืœืžื“ืืจื™, ืขืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืจื‘ ืืœืคืก ืœืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืขืž' ืงืกื—; ืจ' ืฆื“ืงื™ื” ื‘"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื™ื—; ื”ืžืื™ืจื™, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืฉื; ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืฉืจ, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื— ื‘ืงืฆืจื”, ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื; ื”ื "ืœ, ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ, ื›ืœืœ ื™ื“, ื”; ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘"ืจ ืืฉืจ, ื˜ื•ืจ, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”; ืจ' ื ืกื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ, ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ, ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ; ื”ื "ืœ, ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื. ื’ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื”ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื•ืช ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš: "ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื: ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืคืกื—, ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•' ". ืจืื”: ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืกืคืจืื™, ื”ื’ื“ืช ื—ื–"ืœ, ืขืž' 63, 169.
^ 4. ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื. ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉ ื’ื ืจ' ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžืจื•ืžื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืจืฆ, ืขืจืš "ื–ื›ืจ". ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื ืง ืžืกื•ืจืช ื–ื• ืžืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ. ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ"ื— ื•ื”ืขืจื•ืš, ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ืชืืจื• ืืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ื—, ื•โ€“ื–). ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืจืื”: ืจ"ื™ ืงืืคื—, ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืขืž' ืชื™ื’โ€“ืชื›; ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืขืž' ืจื ื–. ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืœื”, ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืขืž' 169; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืชืžืจ, ืขืœื™ ืชืžืจ, ื’ื‘ืขืชื™ื™ื: ืขืชื™ืจ, ืชืฉ"ืž, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื–ืจืขื™ื, ืžืกื›ืช ื—ืœื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืงืฆื—โ€“ืจ. ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ืจืš: "ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื” ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื: ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื•ืื•ื›ืœืŸ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘: 'ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืจึนืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœึปื”ื•' ". ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจืš ืืช ื”ืคืกื— ืขื ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ืžืจื•ืจ. ื”ื—ืง ื™ืขืงื‘, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืก"ืง ื™ื’, ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื ื•ืกื— ื–ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืช ืคืจืื’, ืฉื ืช ืจืค"ื•, ื“"ืฆ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœ"ื’; ื”ื’ื“ืช ืืžืฉื˜ืจื“ื, ืฉื ืช ืชื "ื”, ื“"ืฆ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉื "ื”; ื”ื’ื“ืช ืื•ืคื ื‘ืš, ืฉื ืช ืชืค"ื‘, ื“"ืฆ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœ"ื’, ื•ืขื•ื“. ืจืื”: ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืกืคืจืื™, ื”ื’ื“ืช ื—ื–"ืœ, ืขืž' 63, 169.
^ 5. ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื”, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืชืงืฆื–, ื“"ื” ืฉืืœื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžืขื™ื“ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื™ื”: "ื•ืžื“ืื™ืฆื˜ืจื™ืš ืœืืกื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ืœืžื™ืžืจ 'ืืžืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช' โ€“ ืžื›ืœืœ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืฉื‘ื“ื•ืจื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช".
^ 6. ื›ืš ื”ืขื™ืจื• ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืกืคืจืื™, ื”ื’ื“ืช ื—ื–"ืœ, ืขืž' 64. ืขืœ ืื™-ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืœืœ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืจืื”: ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืชื‘ื•ืจื™, ืคืกื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 122โ€“124.
^ 7. ืจืื”: ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืืจื“, "ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืœืœ ืœื ืฉื™ื", ืžื•ืจืฉืชื ื•, ื˜ื• (ืชืฉืก"ื’), ืขืž' 79โ€“88.
^ 8. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื—" ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื—ื–"ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืจืฉ ื›ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—, ืื• ืืฃ ืœื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื’. ืจืื”: ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื™ืโ€“ื™ื‘; ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื’, ื”; ืคืกื—ื™ื ื• ืข"ื; ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื– ืข"ื, ื•ืขื•ื“.
^ 9. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•. ืืš ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื›ืช"ื™ ืกืงืœื™ื’ืจ 3 (4270 .OR) ืฉื‘ืกืคืจื™ืช ืœื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืก"ื, ืขืž' 312, ืกื™ืžื ื• ื‘ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ื—ืœื•ืงื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ"; "ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชื™ืžืจ ื›ืืŸ ื•ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ". ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืกืคื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืžืขืชื™ืง, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืชืœืžื•ื“. ืื ืœื ื ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืืจ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืื—ื“: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืจืง ื”ืœืœ ื›ืจืš, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื ืชืงืŸ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื’ื ืœื“ืขืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื– ื ื›ืจื›ื™ื ืจืง ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื ื›ืจื›ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื™ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•. ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ื›ืจืš ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ.
^ 10. ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืจืื”: ืฉืื•ืœ ืœื™ื‘ืจืžืŸ, ืชื•ืกืคืชื ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ื–ืจืขื™ื, ื‘, ืขืž' 695, ื”ืขืจื” 8; ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืœื‘ื ื™, ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช, ื, ืขืž' ืชืงืขื—โ€“ืชืงืขื˜; ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืชืžืจ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืขืจื” 4).
^ 11. ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉื™ื: ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ืจ' ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžืœื•ื ื™ืœ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื; ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘"ืจ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื’, ืขืž' ืชืฆื“โ€“ืชืฆื”.
^ 12. ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื“"ื” ืืœื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™.
^ 13. ื›ืš ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืขื“ื™ ื ื•ืกื—: ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ, 6; ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ, 95; ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ื•ืชื™ืงืŸ 134; ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื”ืž"ื“ ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, 1608; ื•ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”, X893โ€“T141. ื–ื• ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ืฉืขืžื“ื” ื’ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจ' ื–ืจื—ื™ื” ื”ืœื•ื™, ื”ืžืื•ืจ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ. ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”', ืฉื, ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื’ื™ืจืกืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ, ื•ืžืืจื™ืš ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืœื™ื•. ื›ืŸ ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืจ' ืžืฉื” ื—ืœืื•ื” ื•ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืฉื. ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื–ื•, ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ืื•ืช ื–; ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืœื‘ื ื™, ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช, ื, ืขืž' ืชืงืขื–โ€“ืชืงืขื—. ืจืื” ืขื•ื“: ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื ืฉืงื”, "ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื ื™ืื›ืœื•ื”ื•", ื”ืžืขื™ืŸ, ื›ื” (ื’) (ืชืฉืž"ื”), ืขืž' 35โ€“46.
^ 14. ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืขืจื”13), ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื’ื ื‘ืžื”ืจ"ื ื—ืœืื•ื”. ื›ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืŸ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื•ื ืคื™ื“ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื.
^ 15. ื’ื ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืื™ื ื ืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ืืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืืœืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื•. ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ืชืžืจ, ืขืœื™ ืชืžืจ, ื’ื‘ืขืชื™ื™ื: ืขืชื™ืจ, ืชืฉ"ืž, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื–ืจืขื™ื, ืžืกื›ืช ื—ืœื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืจ, ืงื•ืฉืจ ื–ืืช.
16. ื”ืžื”ื“ื™ืจ, ื”ืจื‘ ื—"ื“ ืฉืขื•ื•ืขืœ, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉืชืจื’ื•ื ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ.
^ 16. ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžื•ืกืจื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืฉื ื”ืœืœ, ื™ืฉ ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื’ื•ืจืก: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ (ื’ื™ืจืกืช ื”ื‘"ื—: ืžืฉืจืฉื™ื) ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ: ื”ื›ื™ ืืžืจ ื”ืœืœ ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื". ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื’ื•ืจืก: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืจื‘ ืžืฉืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื". ื’ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ื•ืœื, ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ื”ื•ื ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื. ืืžื ื ื’ื™ืจืกืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื ื ืืœ ื”ื™ื: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื". ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉืœื›ื” ืœื›ืš, ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกื›ื ืฉื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื.
^ 17. ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื”ืœืœ ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจื ื”ื™ื”". ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื“' ื“ื‘ืœื™ืฆืงื™, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง, ืชืฉ"ืก, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืชืงืฆื– ืฉื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœืœ ื”ื–ืงืŸ. ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืจืกืื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ "ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ". ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, 1608, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ื•ืชื™ืงืŸ, 134. ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืœืคืกื—ื™ื, ื“ืฃ ืงืขื˜ ืข"ื, ื”ืขืจื” ื’.
^ 18. ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœื™ื•ืžื ื™ื“ ืข"ื‘. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ "ืžืฉืžื™ื” ื“ื’ืžืจื" ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืžื ืœื’ ืข"ื; ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืคื• ืข"ื; ื•ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื ื’ ืข"ื.
^ 19. ืœื ื ื›ื ืกื ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืืช ืืœื•, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืขื™ืงืจ ืžืืžืจ ื–ื”.
^ 20. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื ืžืืจื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ืกื— ืข"ื‘, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืกื“ ืข"ื, ืฉืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจืื™ื. ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืžื”, ื—ืœืง ื™ื’, ืขืž' ืงืžืโ€“ืงืžื‘, ื”ื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืื—ืจืช.
^ 21. ื›ืš ืคื™ืจืฉื•: ืจ' ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžืจื•ืžื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืจืฆ, ืขืจืš "ื–ื›ืจ"; ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”' ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื.
^ 22 [ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืขื•ืจืš: ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืกื•ืคืจ, ื•ื”ืื•ืช ื' ื ื’ืจืจื” ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื”, ื•ื›ืš ืฆ"ืœ: " 'ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ'- ืงืื™ ืื›ื•ืœื™ื” ืžื™ืœืชื, ืื‘ืœื (=ืขืœ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืœื) ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืืฃ ื›ืจื™ื›ื”". ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ื ืคืœื” ื’ื ื˜ืขื•ืช ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื”ื™ื”: "ื•ืื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื” (=ื•ืขืœ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”)" ื•ื”ืžื“ืคื™ืก ืฉื™ื ื” ืžื“ืขืชื•].
^ 23. ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืจืื‘ื™"ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื“' ื“ื‘ืœื™ืฆืงื™, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง, ืชืฉ"ืก, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืชืงืฆื–, ืฉืืœื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
^ 24 ื›ืš ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืื•ืงืกืคื•ืจื“, ืžื•ื‘ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื ื˜ืข ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื; ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืช"ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” X893โ€“T141. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื–ื•, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืœืœ ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื›ืžื• ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื™ื•ืชืจ: "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื”ืœืœ".
^ 25. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ืœื—ื•ื“, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืจืื”: ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง, ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื”, ื‘, ืขืž' ืจืคื–โ€“ืจืคื˜.
^ 26. ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ื—, ื—.
^ 27. ืฉื ื•, ื™ื.
^ 28. ืฉื ื–, ื™ื‘.
^ 29. ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ืœืคืกื—ื™ื, ืกื“ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืขืž' ื™ื’.
^ 30. ืขืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื‘ืฉืจ ืฆืœื•ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืจืื” ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ืื›ื™ืœืช ืฆืœื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืคืกื— ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ".
^ 31. ื›ืช"ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ืœื™ืื ื”, 42. ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืขืž' ืฆื”; ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืชื‘ื•ืจื™, ืคืกื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 126; ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืกืคืจืื™, ื”ื’ื“ืช ื—ื–"ืœ, ืขืž' 64; ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ, ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืชืงืขื•, ืขืž' ืกื–โ€“ืกื˜. ื‘ืจื›ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืžื”ื’ื ื™ื–ื”, ืจืื”: ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉืžื™ื“ื˜, ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— โ€“ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื”, ืขืž' 59โ€“61.
^ 32. ืขืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ืจืื”: ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืชื‘ื•ืจื™, ืคืกื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 250โ€“268; ืฉืžื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืคืจื™ื“ืžืŸ, ืชื•ืกืคืชื ืขืชื™ืงืชื โ€“ ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื— ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืขืž' 423โ€“438.
^ 33. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืืช, ืžืื” ืฉืขืจื™ื, ืฉืขืจื™ ืฉืžื—ื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืงื‘.
^ 34. ืขืœ ื™ืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื”, ืจืื”: ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื ืฉืžืข, ืžื ื”ื’ ืืฉื›ื ื– ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืŸ, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉื "ื‘, ืขืž' 160โ€“170; ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืชื‘ื•ืจื™, ืคืกื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืขืž' 269โ€“306.
^ 35. ืกืคืจ ื”ืื•ืจื”, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฆ, ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืกื—, ื“"ื” ืœื™ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื™ื; ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ื˜ืจื™, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—, ืขืž' 282, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืกื”, ื“"ื” ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ืฆืข; ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืคื—, ืขืž' 189.
^ 36. ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘"ืจ ื™ื•ืืœ ื”ืœื•ื™, ืจืื‘ื™"ื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงื›ื”, ื“"ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉืชื•. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื—ืœืื•ื” ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื– ืข"ื.
^ 37. ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ืฉื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง. ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื•ื“ืข ืจืง ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื: ื”ืื—ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ โ€“ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื ื™ื— โ€“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืืจื•ื—ื”, ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ึผื“ืข ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืชื™ื•. ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ื˜"ื–, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืก"ืง ื•: ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื•ืจ ื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื ืกืคืจื™ื ื›ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืื—ื“. ื ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื”ื’ื“ื•ืช ืืจืฅ-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื’ื ื™ื–ื” ื ื–ื›ืจื• ืžืกืคืจ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื’ื ื‘ื”ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืฉืืœื” ื ืกื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื“ืจ: ื”ืื—ืช ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžืฆืื ื• ื ื•ืกื— ืื—ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื‘"ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื”": "ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืื ื• ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื”ืคืช, ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื ื• ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืœื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื’). ืœื ื•ืกื— ืฉืืœื” ื–ื•, ืœื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืืœื ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ.
^ 38. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื ืžืืจื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ืงืœื“ ืข"ื‘. ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ: ืจ' ืฆื“ืงื™ื” ื‘"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคื, ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื™ื—, ืง ืข"ื‘; ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืœื— ืข"ื‘; ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื—ืœืื•ื” ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื™ื™ื–ื™ืง ื˜ื™ืจื ื, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื (ื˜ื™ืจื ื), ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื“"ื” ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ.
^ 39. ืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ื’ืื•ืŸ, ืกื“ืจ ืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ื’ืื•ืŸ, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื ืก, ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง, ืชืฉื "ื“, ืขืž' ืงืกื•. ื’ื ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ื”ื’ื“ืช ืคืกื—, ืขืž' ืจืœื’, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”. ืืžื ื ืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžืคืœื™ื™ื–ื, ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ืืฆืœ ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื•ื•ื™ื ื, ืกืคืจ ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข, ื—"ื‘, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื ื•, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ ืขืžืจื ืฉื ื”ื’ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ. ืจืก"ื’ ืœื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ืœ. ืจืื”: ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืจืก"ื’, ืขืž' ืงืžื”โ€“ืงืžื•.
^ 40. ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœื, ื‘ืคื™ื•ื˜ื• "ื-ืœ ืืœืงื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช", ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืืฆืœ ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื•ื•ื™ื ื, ืกืคืจ ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข (ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืขืจื” 40).
^ 41. ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื’, ืขืž' ืชืฆื“.
^ 42. ืื›ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืคื•ืกืง ืฉื”ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื•ืกืช ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื˜ื™ื˜. ืจืื”: ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื•, ืขืž' ืชืคื—.
^ 43. ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื™, ื›ื–, ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื›ืœืœ ื™ื“, ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื˜ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืคืกื— ื‘ืงืฆืจื”. ื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื•, ืฉื”ืœืœ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืœ, ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื’ื: ื”ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืœื— ืข"ื‘, ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื™ืืœ; ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื—ื™ืืœ; ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ; ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ื‘ืฉื "ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื"; ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ื—, ื—, ืื•ืช ื–, ื‘ืฉื ืจ"ืช; ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืกืคืจ ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ (ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื), ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ืœื•.
^ 44. ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืžืฅ ื•ืžืฆื” ื—, ื—; ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื, ืื•ืช ื–, ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืชื ื•ืžื”ืจ"ื ืžืจื•ื˜ื ื‘ื•ืจื’; ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื›ืชื ืœืžืกื›ืชื•ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืคืกื—ื™ื ืขืž' ืฆื˜; ืจ' ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ' ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื ืจื‘ื•ื ื” (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืืฆืœ ืจ' ืืฉืจ ื‘"ืจ ืฉืื•ืœ ืžืœื•ื ื™ืœ, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ื•ืช, ื›ื— ืข"ื); ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืคืจืฅ, ืกืคืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืœืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืžื“; ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื‘"ืจ ืžืฉื•ืœื, ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื“ื ื•ื—ื•ื”, ื“ืฃ ืžื‘ ืข"ื“. ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื›ื•ืจื›ื™ืŸ, ืื ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืื ืฉืœื ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ"; ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ ืงื˜ืœื•ื ื™ื”, ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ืขืž' ืงืžื‘, ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ: "ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ, ื•ืœื™ื›ื ืœื–ื•ื– ืžื™ื ื”"; ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื, ืกื“ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืขืž' ื™ื“ ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ. ืœืคื™ื•, ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ; ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ืกืคืจ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื”, ืขืž' ืจืœื’; ืจ' ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื‘"ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžื ืจื‘ื•ื ื”, ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื•, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื , ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ, ื›ื–, ื”ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืš; ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื” ืข"ื ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ; ืžื ื—ื ื‘ืŸ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ืŸ ื–ืจื—, ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš, ื“ืฃ ืงื• ืข"ื’.
^ 45. ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข, ื—"ื‘, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื (ืจื˜ื–โ€“ืจื ื•), ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื ื•. ื’ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืข"ื, ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืก.
^ 46. ื˜ื•ืจ ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื” ื•ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืคื•.
^ 47. ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื‘"ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืกืคืจ ื”ืื’ื•ืจ, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืชื“, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื”ืจ"ื™ืœ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืข' 44).
^ 48. ื›ืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘"ื—, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืฉื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ื• ืจ' ืฉืœืžื” ืœื•ืจื™ื, ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจืฉ"ืœ, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื—, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ, ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื”', ืคืจืง ืกื’, ืขืž' ืจืคื•; ืื ื›ื™ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉืืžื ื ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืืš ืœื ืจืื” ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ.
^ 49. ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื. ื”ืจืž"ื, ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื”, ื˜ื•ืจ ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืื•ืช ื’, ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืจืง ืืช ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”.
^ 50. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืœืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”; ื˜"ื–, ืฉื ืก"ืง ื•; ื—ืง ื™ืขืงื‘, ืฉื ืก"ืง ื™ื.
^ 51. ืžื’"ื, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืก"ืง ื–.
^ 52. ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืก"ืง ื™ื˜.
^ 53. ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—.
^ 54. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืขืž' 170โ€“171; ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ื—ืœืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืจืš ื‘, ืขืž' ืชืฉืœื”โ€“ืชืฉืž; ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื”, ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืขืž' ืจื ื—โ€“ืจื ื˜; ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืจืจื™, ืžืงืจืื™ ืงื“ืฉ, ืขืž' 458โ€“463.
^ 55. ื”ืื ื”ืกื‘ื• ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืคืกื—? ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื›ื”ืŸ, "ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืคืกื—", ืžืขืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืงื“ืฉ, ื– (ืื‘ ืชืฉืก"ื’), ืขืž' 21โ€“37.
^ 56. ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื ืžืืจื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจ, ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ืจื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื” ื•ืžืจื•ืจ, ืงืœื” ืข"ื. ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืจืš, ืืš ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžื ืžืงื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข. ืจืื”: ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืืœื‘ื™ืฅ (ืขื•ืจืš: ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื•ืงืกื‘ื•ื™ื), ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉ"ืž, ืขืž' ืจืขื“โ€“ืจืขื”; ืจ' ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื•ื•ื™ื ื, ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข, ื—"ื‘, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื ื•, ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจ"ืฉ ืžืคืœื™ื™ื–ื; ืจ' ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ืกืคืจ ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื”, ืขืž' ืจืœื’; ืจ' ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ื‘"ืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืžื ืจื‘ื•ื ื”, ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ืœื‘ื•, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื , ื•ื‘ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื–. ืฉื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืš. ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื•ืœื™ืŸ, ืกืคืจ ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ (ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื), ืกื“ืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ืœื• ืžื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฆื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืจื•ืจ.
^ 57. ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘"ืจ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™, ืกืคืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื—, ืขืž' ืชืคื˜, ื•ื‘ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื’, ืขืž' ืชืฆื“.
^ 58. ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ืžื•ื•ืจืžื™ื™ื–ื, ืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ืงื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืคื’, ืขืž' ืงื ื“.
^ 59. ืจ' ืฆื“ืงื™ื” ื‘"ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคื ืžืจื•ืžื™, ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื™ื—.
^ 60. ื˜ื•ืจ, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื” ื•ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืคื•.
^ 61. ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ื‘ืŸ ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ืŸ ื–ืจื—, ืกืคืจ ืฆื™ื“ื” ืœื“ืจืš, ืงื• ืข"ื’.
^ 62. ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ื“"ื” ื›ืชื‘ ืื—ื™. ืืžื ื ื”ื "ืœ, ื‘ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื, ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื•, ืขืž' ืฆื’, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื‘ ื›ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”.
^ 63. ื‘"ื—, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืžืคืจืื’, ื’ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื”', ืคืจืง ืกื’, ืขืž' ืจืคื•.
^ 64. ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื.
^ 65. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืจื™ื›ื”, ืจืื”: ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืขืž' 75โ€“76; ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืชืฉื›ื–โ€“ืชืฉืœื”; ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืจืจื™, ืžืงืจืื™ ืงื“ืฉ, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ืขืž' 467.
^ 66. ืจืื”: ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื–ืื‘ ืกืคืจืื™, ื”ื’ื“ืช ื—ื–"ืœ, ืขืž' 63, 169.
^ 67. ื›ืžื•: ื”ืจืž"ื, ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื”, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืื•ืช ื’, ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ; ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจืฉ"ืœ, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื—; ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื ื™ืื•ืจ ื–ืœืžืŸ, ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืจื‘, ืื•"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืขื”, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื—.
^ 68. ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืชืฉืžโ€“ืชืฉื ื’; ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื—ื•ื•ื” ื“ืขืช, ื—ืœืง ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื˜.
^ 69. ืจ' ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืจื—ื™, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื™' ืจืคืืœ, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื: ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, ืชืฉืœ"ื—, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื“, ืขืž' ืชืฆื”.
^ 70. ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉ"ืก ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”, ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืชืฉื "ื, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืชืฉื ื’. ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ื”ืŸ, ื”ืจืจื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ (ื‘ืชื•ืš: ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ืคืกื— ืคืจืื ืง, ืžืงืจืื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ), ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืชืฉืœ"ื—, ืคืกื—, ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขืž' ืงืขื—.
^ 71. ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขืž' 25.
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