ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
1976
3 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฆืžื— ื‘ืŸ ืžื–ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืชื—ื–ื” ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ืœื•ื‘ืฉ ืืจืฉืช ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ืœื ื™ืŸ, ืกื˜ืœื™ืŸ, ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ื˜ ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืจืืฉ ืžืื• ืจืฆื—ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืกื‘ืจื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช. ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ ืขื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ืจืฉืขื” ื•ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ื˜ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืืฆื˜ืœื” ืฉืœ ื“ืช ื•ืืžื•ื ื”. ืืš, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉืขืช ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”. ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืข ืฆืจื•ืฃ ื ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื•ื ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืกื•ื•ืื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืฆื™ื“ื•ืงื™ื.
ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื—. ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืขืจื• ืขื“ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื ืจืฆื—ื•, ื ืขืฆืจื• ื•ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœืžื—ื ื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื–, ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื ื”ืจืกื• ื•ื”ื•ืฉื—ืชื•. ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ 70 ืฉื ื”, ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื˜"ื– ื‘ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”'ืชืจืฆ"ื˜ (ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 1938). ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช, ืฉื”ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื™ื” ืงื• ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื”. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืžื”ืืกื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื• ืชื›ื ื ื• ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืœื“ืื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื‘, ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืฉืข ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ื ื™ืขื”.
ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคืงื•ื— ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ืžืชื›ื ื ืช ืœื• ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš - ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ืฉืชืฉืžื™ื“ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืชื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืคืขืœ ื›ืฆืœืฆื•ืœ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืžื” ื”ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืœื” ืฉืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“ ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื”. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ื ืืฆื™ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื˜ื™-ื“ืชื™ ื•ื ื’ื“-ืืœืงื™ื, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื• ื•ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื•ืœืœื•. ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืฆื’ ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžื•ืจื ืฉืžื™ื. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืคืจื˜ื™ื, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื ื ื˜ืฉื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื ืœื›ื“ื• ื‘ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืช ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื. ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื‘ื•ืœืœื™ื ื•ื’ืจืžื ื™ื ื’ืื™ื, ืฉื ืชื ื• ืœื’ืจืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืืš ืืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื–ืืช, ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ื™ืคื”.
ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ืืœืงื™ื ืขืฆืžื•, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื ืจื“ืคื• ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืื• ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืืœื ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ืชื ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื™ืฆื’ื•. ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื ื˜ื™-ืชื–ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืืฆื™ื–ื ื•ื”ื‘ืจื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื“ื’ืœื• ื‘ื”ื. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš, ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื”ื•ื ืกืžืœ ืœืจืืฉื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืืœืงื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืชืจื“ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืจื•ื’ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืจื•ืžื™ืช, ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื• ื ืขื˜ืฃ ื›ืฉื ืฉืจืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื "ื’ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื ืฉืจืคื™ืŸ, ื•ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืจื—ื•ืช". ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ืฉืจืคื™ื, ืืš ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืคืจื•ื— ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืืคืจ ื•ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื ื”ืจื’ื•, ืืš ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื ืจืฆื—ื™ื ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืœืจื—ืฃ ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ืžืฆืคื•ื ื•.
ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ืชื•ื‘ืข ืžืืชื ื• ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืงืฉืจื™ื ื• ืขื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื”ื™ื—ืœืฅ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืœ ื™ืชื•ืืจ ืื ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ื™ื–ื›ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืชื• ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ื”ืืžื™ืจื” "ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืขื•ื“" ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืœืขืฆืžื” ืจืง ืžืฉืืœืช ืœื‘ ืœื ืžืขืฉื™ืช. ืจืง ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืขื•ื“".
ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ืœืคื™ ืขืชื™ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ื’ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื• ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืืช ื”ืืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืืฉ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™. ืืฉ ืฉื•ืจืคืช ื•ืืฉ ื’ื ืžื—ืžืžืช. ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ. ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื•ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืชื™ื• ืžืžืงื“ื™ื ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื–ืืช. ืžื™ ื™ื™ืชืŸ ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืœื— ื™ืฆื™ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
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ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™-ื. ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจืืฉ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”-OU, ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช "ื‘ื™ืช ืชื•ืจื”" ื‘ืžื•ื ืกื™, ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง.
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il