ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช
  • ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืฉื‘ืช
  • ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช
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13 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘"ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื - ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช
ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื—, ื): "ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคื•ืจืขื ื™ื•ืช: ืžื—ื‘ืœื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—, ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื™ื”ื ื ื•ืžืžืœื—ืžืช ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’". ืขื•ื“ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื—, ื‘): "ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ื™ื•ืช". ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืœื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœืขื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืžืœื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืœื ื”ืคืกืงื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ืคื ื• ื•ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ื ืื•ืชื™ื•, ืฉื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื•ืžื ืืœ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื. ื ื˜ื™ื™ืชื ื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื ื—ืกืžืช ื•ื ืืœืžืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ืืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ืจื•ื— ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื ื•ื—ืชื”, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืชืจื•ืžื ืืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืฆื— ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืžื’ื•ืฉื ืžืœื ืžืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื ืฉืžื” ืœืฆืืช ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืงืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื ืฉืžื” ื•ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืื– ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืฆื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ืœื‘ ื ืขืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงืŸ, ื•ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื: "ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ื›ืœ ืžืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื•" (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื—, ื‘).
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช - ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื• ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื•ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืืœื™ื•, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื˜, ื). ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื (ืฉื ืงื™ื—, ื): "ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ื ื—ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื", ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื ื—, ื™ื’-ื™ื“):
"ืึดื ืชึผึธืฉืึดื™ื‘ ืžึดืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืจึทื’ึฐืœึถืšึธ ืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื—ึฒืคึธืฆึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™, ื•ึฐืงึธืจึธืืชึธ ืœึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืขึนื ึถื’ ืœึดืงึฐื“ื•ึนืฉื ื”' ืžึฐื›ึปื‘ึผึธื“... ืึธื– ืชึผึดืชึฐืขึทื ึผึทื’ ืขึทืœ ื”' ื•ึฐื”ึดืจึฐื›ึผึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึธ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธืžึณืชึตื™ ืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื”ึทืึฒื›ึทืœึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึธ ื ึทื—ึฒืœึทืช ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึธื‘ึดื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืคึผึดื™ ื”' ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึตืจ".

ื•ื ื—ืœืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื.
ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืคืœื™ื’ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืฉื›ืจื•, ื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื’? ืืœื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืš ื•ื”ื›ืจืก, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ืชื•ื•ืกืฃ ื—ืฉืง ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ืฉืžื—ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขื ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื”, ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื.
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื“ื•ืžื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœ. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื ื’, ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืžื—ื”. ื•ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื•ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืขื•ื ื’ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ืขืžื•ืง ื•ืžืขื•ื“ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžืขื•ื“ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื”ื ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื“ื’ ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืžืื›ืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื˜ืขืžื• ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืขืžื•ืง. 1

ื‘ - ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”
ืฉืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืื—ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื—, ื™ื’): "ื•ึฐืงึธืจึธืืชึธ ืœึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืขึนื ึถื’", ื•ืขื™ืงืจื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉื˜ื•ืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช. ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืœืžื“ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžืจืžื–ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื, ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื–, ื‘). 2
ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืื—ืจ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”. ื•ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ - ืœื ื™ืฆื (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื, ื‘). ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื™ืื›ืœ ืฉืชื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืขื›ื‘, ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื (ื‘ื”"ื’, ืจืž"ื ืจืฆื, ื).
ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื”ื. ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืขื ื’ื™ื ื‘ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืชืจื“ื™ื, ื“ื’ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืจืืฉื™ ืฉื•ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื›ื™ื ื ืœืฉื‘ืช (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื—, ื‘; ืž"ื‘ ืจืžื‘, ื). ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืขื ื’ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื’ื“ื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ืขื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื (ืฉื•"ืข ืจื , ื‘). ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื”ื ื” ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉืžืขื ื’ื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”, ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื’ื™ื. ื•ื›ืžื” ืจืžื–ื™ื ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืžืกืžืœื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ื”ื ืจื•ืžื–ื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ืง, ืฉื”ืžื™ื ืžื›ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื”ื. ืืžื ื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื”ื ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื•ื›ืœื (ืž"ื ืจืžื‘, ื).
ืืฃ ืฉืžื™ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื“ื ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืจืื” ื›ืจืขื‘ืชื ื•ืช, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื–, ื‘; ืฉื•"ืข ืจืขื“, ื‘, ืž"ื‘ ื•). ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™, ืฉื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ืชื™ืจื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช. ื•ืืœื” ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื›ื™ืœื” ื’ืกื” ื•ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ื‘ื˜ื ื ื•ืžืชืขื™ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื ืจื“ืžื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืื™ื ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืขื ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืืœื ืืช ื’ืจื•ื ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ืฉืœ"ื” ืฉื‘ืช ื ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื–, ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื”, ื’).
ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช. ื•ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื ืชืขื ื™ืช ืื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื˜ืขื ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืขื“ ืฉืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืžืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžื ื”, ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจืž"ื ืจืคื—, ื).
ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ, ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืขื•ื ื’, ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขื ื’ ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืชื•. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 'ื‘ื™ืฆื”' ืœื—ื. ื•ืื ื’ื ื›'ื‘ื™ืฆื”' ืงืฉื” ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื™ืื›ืœ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื›ื ืคื— 'ื–ื™ืช'. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื’ื ืื›ื™ืœื” ื›ื–ื• ืžืฆืขืจืช ืื•ืชื•, ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ื›ืœืœ (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืคื—, ื‘; ืจืฆื, ื). 3

ื’ - ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืขืช ื”ืคืช
ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื›ื›ืจื•ืช, ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืŸ ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœืงืจืืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ: 'ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื”' (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื–, ื‘). ื•ืื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืคื•ืœ, ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื”: 'ื–ื›ื•ืจ' ื•'ืฉืžื•ืจ'. ืงืจื‘ื ื” ื›ืคื•ืœ - ืฉื ื™ ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื ืชืžื™ืžื™ื. ืขื•ื ืฉื” ื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ืฉื›ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœ. ื•ืืฃ ื”ืœื—ื ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœ, ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืžืขืœืชื• ื›ืคื•ืœื” (ืขืค"ื™ ื™ืœืง"ืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื— ืจืžื– ืจืกื).
ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื' ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืฉื™ื‘ืฆืข ืื—ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืื—ื– ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืขืœ ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื”. ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืจืฉ"ื™, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืกืง ื‘'ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš' (ืจืขื“, ื). ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ื• ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ื•ื”ื’ืจ"ื. ื•ื”ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืš, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื—ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกื™ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ื—ืœื” ืื—ืช.
ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืืžืจื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื—ืœื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจืชื”, ื•ื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืขื“, ื). ื•ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” (ื”ืืจ"ื™). ื•ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” (ืจืž"ื ืฉื). ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืฆืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื™ืงืจื‘ื• ืื•ืชื” ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” (ืž"ื‘ ืจืขื“, ื”). ื•ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™, ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื™"ื‘ ื—ืœื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” (ื›ื”"ื— ืจืกื‘, ื‘).
ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืงื” ืœื—ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื‘ืฆื™ืขื”, ืฉืœื ืœืคื’ื•ื ื‘ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื”. ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืžื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื. ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื›ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” ื’ื ืœื—ื ืงืคื•ื (ืฉืฉ"ื› ื ื”, ื™ื‘). ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืœื—ื ืฉืœื ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ืฉืงื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื—ื ืคืจื•ืก, ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืœื—ื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื, ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืช ืžืื’ื“ืช ืื•ืชื•, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืœื (ืžืฉื™ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื). ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื›ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื ืคืจื•ืกื•ืช, ื™ื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ืคืจื•ืกื•ืช (ืฉืฉ"ื› ื ื”, ื™ื–).
ื’ื ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆื•ืข ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื—ืœื•ืช, ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืคื•ืœ (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื, ื“). ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืชื™ ื—ืœื•ืช - ื™ื‘ืฆืข ืขืœ ื—ืœื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืจื“ ื”ืžืŸ, ื ืฉืืจ ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืจืง ื›ื™ื›ืจ ืžืŸ ืื—ืช (ืจืž"ื ืฉื).

ื“ - ืžืขืœืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื
ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”. ื•ืืžื ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืื•ืœื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื” (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื”, ื‘; ืฉื•"ืข ืจืขื, ื’).
ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉื”ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืจื ืžืขื•ื ืฉ, ืฉืคื’ืข ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื (ืจืฉ"ื™ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื—, ื‘). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื–ื”ืจื• ืฉืœื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช (ื™ืฉ"ืฉ ืฉื).
ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ืืจื™ื, ืฉืื ื™ืฆื ืฉืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื“ื’ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉื ื—ืžื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืจืง ื•ืฉืืจ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ืฉืื ื™ืฉื”ื• ืื•ืชื ืขื“ ืœืžื—ืจืช ื™ืชืงืœืงืœื•, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆื ืฉืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืžื• ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืชืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืกืขื•ื“ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื™ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื—ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืžืื›ืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื—ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืงื•ื’ืœ, ืฉื˜ืขืžื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื˜ื” (ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ืจืขื, ื˜).
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื™ ืฉืื›ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืžืื›ืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื›ืš ืฉืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆืžืฆื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช.
ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื, ื•ืœื ืœื˜ืขื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืจ ืžืื›ืœื™ื. ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื ื™ืื›ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื’ื ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื™ืฉืืจ ืœื”ื ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื, ืฉื‘ื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” (ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ืจืžื˜, ื“; ื‘ืื•"ื” ื‘, 'ืžื•ืชืจ'; ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ื™ื‘-ื™ื’).
ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืงืœื” ื—ืœื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืืจื• ืขืจื ื™ื™ื ื•ืจืขื ื ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื—"ื› ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจื™ืช ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื‘ืช ืœ, ื™). ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉืืฃ ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ื” - ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช
ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœื—ื ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื• ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ืืฃ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืขื“, ื“), ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืขื™ืงืจื” ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื•ืœื ืœืฉื‘ื™ืขื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœื—ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ืื ื’ื ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื•, ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื•ื›ืœื, ื™ืื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืื• ื“ื’ื™ื. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืฉืจ ืื• ื“ื’ื™ื, ื™ืื›ืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฉืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืกืขื•ื“ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื, ื”).
ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืื“ื ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืื ืžื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืกืžื•ืš ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื™ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 'ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”' ืœื—ื. ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืืฃ ื‘'ื›ื–ื™ืช' ืœื—ื. ื•ืื ืืคื™ืœื• 'ื›ื–ื™ืช' ืœื—ื ืื• ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื ืœืฆืขืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื•, ื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื, ื; ืž"ื‘ ื‘).
ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืžื ื•, ืฉื›ืžื• ืฉืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื“ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ื˜ื•ืจ). ืื•ืœื ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื, ื“). ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ื• ื›ืžื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ืž"ื‘ ืจืฆื, ื›ื).
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื' ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”, ืงื‘ืข ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื” ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืื• ืฉื•ืชื” ืžืฉืงื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉืงืขื” ื”ื—ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” - ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ืœืฉืชื•ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืฆื˜, ื; ืž"ื‘ ื‘; ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ื’-ื”; ืœื”ืœืŸ ื—, ื—).
ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื—ืžื”, ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”, ื•ืื—"ื› ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”, ืœื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช. 4
ืื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื” ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ืข ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช. ื•ื”ืžื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœื”, ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืžื›ื•ืก ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฆืื• ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืœืŸ ื—, ื—, ืฉื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ื‘ืœื ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื”).

ื• - ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื‘ืช - 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•', ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจืฆื” ื”' ื‘ืžื ื•ื—ืชื ื• ื•ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื•ื™ื–ื›ื ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืœื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื™ื’ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืชืงื ื• ืœืื•ืžืจื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืืฃ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื”. ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื•ื‘ื ื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื'.
ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ืชืงื ื• ืฉื™ืืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ืช". ื•ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘'. ื•ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘' ื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืœื ืืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”', ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืชื”. ืฉื›ืš ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ - ืœื ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื•). 5
ืืžื ื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื—"ื› ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืื•ืœื ืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช - ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“, ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื– ืœื—ื - ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื—). 6
ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืกื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ 'ืจืฆื”', ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ืื ื—ืœ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ืฉื ื• ืกืคืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื” ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืกืคืง, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื‘ืช ืžืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืช ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื™ืืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ 'ืจืฆื”' ื‘ืœื‘ื“. 7

ื– - ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”'
ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืกื“ืจ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”', ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฆืืชื” (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื˜, ื‘). ื›ืžื• ืื“ื ืฉื ืคืจื“ ืžืื•ืจื— ื™ืงืจ ื•ืื”ื•ื‘, ืฉืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื• ืคืจื™ื“ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืขืžื• ื›ื‘ืจืช ื“ืจืš ืืจื•ื›ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืชื•, ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืกืชื™ื™ืžื”, ืื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื‘ืฉื ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”.
ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืชื•ืกืคืช ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืจื•ื— ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ. ื•ื‘ืืจ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืžื™ืจืช 'ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื ื•ืขื' (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืฆ, ื™ื– - ืฆื, ื˜ื–) ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ, ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื, ืฉื ื•ืขื ื”' ื™ืฉืจื” ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื™ื“ื™ื ื•. ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”', ืื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืœืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
ืžืกื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ื›ื™ ืขืฆื ืื—ืช ื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื, ื•ืœื•ื– ืฉืžื”. ื•ืื•ืชื” ืขืฆื ืœื ื ื”ื ืชื” ืžืžื” ืฉืื›ืœ ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืฃ ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื™ืชื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืื•ืชื” ืขืฆื ืื™ื ื” ื ืจืงื‘ืช, ื•ืžืžื ื” ื™ืงื•ื ืื“ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื. ื•ืขืฆื ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ื ื™ื–ื•ื ืช ืืœื ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' (ื›ื”"ื— ืฉ, ื-ื‘, ื•ื™ืง"ืจ ื™ื—, ื).
ื”ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื•ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื˜, ื‘) ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื”ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืขื’ืœ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”', ื•ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื”ื• ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืžื ื• ื›ืœื™ื” ืื—ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื ื•, ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉืืœ, ืœืฉื ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื—ื•ื˜ ืขื’ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื’ืœ ืฉืฉื—ื˜ื• ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืœื™ื” ืื—ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”'. ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืขืฆืชื• ื•ืฉื™ืžืจื• ืžื”ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืžืขื˜ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช. ื‘ื ืืจื™ื” ื•ื˜ืจืฃ ืืช ื”ืขื’ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”', ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื™ื™ื ืžืžืื›ืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช.

ื— - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”'
ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ื‘ืื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืœืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืœืคืจื•ืก ืžืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ื•ืœืกื“ืจื• ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื ืื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืขื“ ืื—ืจ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”'. ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื›ืื—ื“, ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' (ืฉืฉ"ื› ืกื’, ื- ื’).
ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ืขืœ ืœื—ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช. ื•ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืขื‘ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื™ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ื–ื™ืช ืœื—ื ืขื ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช. ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืžืื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœ ืื• ืžื˜ื•ื’ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช (ื”ืœื›ื” ื”).
ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœ'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”', ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื•ื™ืงื™ื™ื 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ื‘ื›ื–ื™ืช ืœื—ื (ืฉืขื”"ืฆ ืฉ, ื˜).
ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ืกืžื•ืš ืœืฆืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืขื‘, ื™ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืื•ื›ืœื” ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ื•ืื ืœื ืื›ืœ ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” (ื™ื—ื•"ื“ ื“, ื›ื”; ืฉืฉ"ื› ืกื’, ื”).
ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”'. ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื, ืฉื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ืขื•ืจืš ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ืช 'ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžืœื›ื”' (ื›ื”"ื— ืฉ, ื™ื).


^ 1.. ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื ื’ ื”ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื—, ื™ื’; ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื—, ื; ื•ืคืกื—ื™ื ืกื—, ื‘. ื•ื›"ื› ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ื•ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžื˜, ื‘). ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•"ื˜ ื ืืžืจ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื–, ื™ื“): "ื•ืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ื—ื’ืš", ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜, ื; ื•ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ื•"ื˜ ื•, ื™ื–-ื™ื—, ืฉื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ื‘ืืจ ื”ื—ืช"ืก (ืื•"ื— ืงืกื—), ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ, ืื ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ื˜ืขื™ื ืœื•, ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืœื ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื’. ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื•ื ื’ ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช, ืžืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื” ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ืจืคื—, ื‘), ื•ืื™ืœื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื•"ื˜ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื’ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืฉืžื—ืช ื™ื•"ื˜ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ืžืคืกื™ืงื” ืื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื ื’ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืื™ื ื” ืžืคืกื™ืงื” ืื‘ืœื•ืช (ืฉืื™ืœืชื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื” ื˜ื•). ื•ื™"ื ืฉื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžื—ื” (ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื ืขืค"ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื™). ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช.
^ 2.. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืจืฆ"ื–, ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื—, ื™ื’, ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื’, ื’): "ื•ึผื‘ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ืฉืึทื‘ึผึทืช ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืชื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืงึฐืจึธื ืงึนื“ึถืฉื", ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช 'ืžืงืจื ืงื•ื“ืฉ' ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืกื•ืช ื ืงื™ื”. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื ื”ืž"ื‘ ืจืžื‘, ื. ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื–ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืื• ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืื•"ื” ืจืคื—, ื.
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืื•ืชื” ืžื›ืš ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื 'ื”ื™ื•ื' ื‘ืคืกื•ืง (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื–, ื›ื”): "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืึดื›ึฐืœึปื”ื•ึผ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืœึทื”' ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืœึนื ืชึดืžึฐืฆึธืึปื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื”", ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™ื–, ื‘. ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ืจืฉื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” (ื™ืจืื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฆื‘, ืœื‘ื•ืฉ). ื•ื‘ืขืจื•ื”"ืฉ ืจืฆื, ื, ื›ืชื‘, ืฉืืฃ ืื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืž"ืž ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืชืงื ืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืฉื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืกื™ื ื™. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืฉ"ื› ื ื“, ื”ืขืจื” ืงื˜.
^ 3.. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ื“ื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ 'ื›ื–ื™ืช' ืขื•ื’ื” (ื•ื™"ื ืืฃ 'ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช' ื™ื™ืŸ), ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืขื ื’ ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช 'ื›ื–ื™ืช'. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื›ื™ืœื” ืงื‘ื•ืขื”, ื•ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืœืกืขื•ื“ืช ืงื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž'ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”', ื•ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 'ื›ื–ื™ืช' (ืž"ื‘ ืจืฆื, ื‘, ืฉืฉ"ื› ื ื“, ื”ืขืจื” ื“. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื ื•"ื ื—"ื ื—, ื‘).
^ 4.. 13.5 ื“ืงื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืจ"ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื (ืœืขื™ืœ ื’, ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขืจื” 1), ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืงืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช. ื›"ื› ื‘ืื’"ืž ืื•"ื— ื“, ืกื‘, ื•ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืจืฆื, ื›. (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืž"ื‘ ืจืฆื˜, ื, ื•ืฉืขื”"ืฆ ื‘. ื•ื‘ืฉืฉ"ื› ื ื•, ื“, ืžื—ืžื™ืจ).
^ 5.. ืœื“ืขืช ื—"ื ืžื–, ื™ื—, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘' ื•ืืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื" ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ "ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช" ื•ื›ื•'. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืฉื ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืคืชื— ื•ืืžืจ "ื‘ืจื•ืš", ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืจืื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื”ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื‘ืื•"ื” ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ื‘ื"ื— ืฉ"ื ื—ื•ืงืช ื›. ื•ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ื—"ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื›ื”"ื— ืงืคื—, ื›ื—, ื•ื™ื‘ื™"ื ื•, ื›ื—.
^ 6.. ืืžื ื ืœื“ืขืช ื”'ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™' (ืฉ"ื ื—ื•ืงืช ื› ื•ื›ื‘), ื’ื ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื‘ืจื”ืž"ื– ืœืคื ื™ ืฆืื”"ื›, ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”', ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขืค"ื™ ื”ืกื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช. ื•ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ื›ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจื•ื”"ืค ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ.
^ 7.. ืื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืžืฆื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ื•ืžืฆื“ ืกื™ื•ืžื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื'. ื•ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื: ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืื ืื›ืœ ืคืช ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื•ืœื 'ืจืฆื”', ื•ื›"ื› ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ืœื’, ื•ื™ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื—"ื– ืื•"ื— ื›ื–. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ื"ื— ืฉ"ื ื—ืงืช ื›ื‘, ื•ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืจืฆื, ื™ื—, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ื•ืœื 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื'. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื˜"ื– ืงืคื—, ื–, ืื ื™ื‘ืจืš ืื—ืจ ืฆืื”"ื› ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื’ื ืืช ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื›"ื› ืžื’"ื’ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืข (ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื‘ืจืš ืœืคื ื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื).
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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช

    ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉ"ืข
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ื™ื•ื ืขืฆืžืื•ืช โ€“ ืžื”ืžื ื’ืœ ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

    ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉืข"ื“
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืœื ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื›ืฉืจ

    ื ื™ืกืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื–
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ

    ืื™ื™ืจ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื”
ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช
ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
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    41 ื“ืง'
    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื' , ืžืืžืจ 'ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชื•ืจื ื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืชื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ื•ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืœื ืฉื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจื›ื• ื•ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืงืจื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืœื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื™"ื ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    36 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืžื‘ืœืขื ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”

    ืฉื™ื—ืช ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื”ืจืฉืข ืฉื”ื˜ืขื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืจื” ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืคืจื™ืงืช ืขื•ืœ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื•ื‘ื•ื ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื™"ื‘ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืคื•
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    42 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืžืงืœืœืช ื‘ืœืขื ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืฆื—ื™ืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืžืฉื” ืœื ื‘ื•ืืช ื‘ืœืขื, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืœืœื” ื•ื”ื”ื›ืฉืœื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช, ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืจืžื– ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื™ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื™' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    41 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ื•ืชืฉื•ืงื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื˜

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” "ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจืก" ื”ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื”ืื”ื‘ื”, ื•ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืžืฉืœื™ื ืฉืœื” ื–ื” "ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืžื•ืจื ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื›ื". ืื“ื ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ืžืขืœืชื• ื•ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื•ื– ืœืื—ืจื™ื. ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื ื˜ื™ื” ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืžื“ื” ืžื•ืขื˜ืช - ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื”ืชืื ื•ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื˜' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื“ื•ืจ

    ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืกื•ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื“ื•ืจ | ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื˜ืขื ื‘ื—ื˜ืืช ื•ืืฉื ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืžื” ื•ืžืขืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื˜' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:11
    ื›ืฉืจื•ืช

    ืืชื’ืจื™ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช: ื‘ืฉืจ, ื—ืœื‘ ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ื ืžื‘ืฉืจื™ ืœื—ืœื‘ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืืคื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื•ืจืงืกื™ื ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื›ืฉื•ืœ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื“ ื•ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ืœื‘ ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ื‘ืจ ื’ื™ื•ืจื | ื˜' ืชืžื•ืฉ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    31 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืื•ืฉืจ, ื’ืื•ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืื•ืฉืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืœื ืชื•ื—ืœืช ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    28 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืง

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืง ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ืฉืื ืœื ื–ื›ื• ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื™' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืชื•ืจื”

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื ืžืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 'ืื”ืœื™ืš ื™ืขืงื‘' ืœ'ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืชื™ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ'. 4 ืžืฉืœื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ 4 ื›ืชื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉืœื›ืœ ื›ืช ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช. ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื’ืœื” ืขื•ืžืง ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื˜' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ื”ืื ื’ื•ืฉ ืžืื›ืœ ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื™ื! ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ ืœื‘, ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืจื•ื— ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื•ื ืคืฉ ืฉืคืœื”!

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื‘ืœืง

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 607

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 607

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื•ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช

    ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื™ ืงื™ืคื— ืืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ื“ืชื™ | ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘ ืฉืœืœ ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ "ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ืงืฉื” ื›ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืงื™ื•ืžื”" | ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืขืชื™ ืขืžื“ื” ื–ื•, ืฉืœืคื™ื” ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืจืคื•ืจืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื•ื ืกืจื‘ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช | ืขืชื” ื™ืฆื ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื‘ืืจ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื›ืŸ ืขืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื’ื“ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื—ื•ื•ื” ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืจืคื•ืจืžื™ื | ื›ื™ื•ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ื›ื— ื›ื™ ืื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ืจืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง

    ืžึทื” ื˜ึนึผื‘ื•ึผ ืึนื”ึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืžึดืฉึฐืื›ึฐึผื ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ - ื›ึผื•ึผืœึผึธื ื—ึธื–ึฐืจื•ึผ ืœึดืงึฐืœึธืœึธื”, ื—ื•ึผืฅ ืžึดื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ื›ึฐื ึตืกึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึดื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ืžึดื“ึฐืจึธืฉืื•ึนืช. ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืฉืชื™ืฉืืจ ืœืขื“ ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืœื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ืื—ืจืช | ื›ึดึผื™ ืขึทืชึธึผื” ื’ึทึผื ืึนืชึฐื›ึธื” ื”ึธืจึทื’ึฐืชึดึผื™ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื”ึถื—ึฑื™ึตื™ืชึดื™ - ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื’ึทึผื ืžื” ื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช, ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืึนืชึฐื›ึธื” ื‘ื”' ื”ื•ืœ"ืœ ืื•ึนืชึฐืšึธ, ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืœื ื•' | ืึทื ึฐืฉึตืื™ ื“ึธืžึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึดืจึฐืžึธื” ืœึนื ื™ึถื—ึฑืฆื•ึผ ื™ึฐืžึตื™ื”ึถื - ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืงื•ืจื ืœื‘ืœืขื ืึทื ึฐืฉึตืื™ ื“ึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื 'ืื™ืฉ ื“ืžื™ื' ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื‘ืœืขื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื 'ืื™ืฉ ืžืจืžื”'. ื•ืขื•ื“ !

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช

    ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื“ืจื”

    ืžืฉื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืฆื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืœื—ื“ื•ืœ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžืงืฃ ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืื ืžื™ ื•ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื” ื›ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืชืžืš ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืžื ื” ืœื—ื‘ืง ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื‘ืฉืขืชื• ื”ืงืฉื” ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืชื™ืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ื˜ืœ ื—ื™ื™ืžื•ื‘ื™ืฅ
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    ื‘ืœืง

    ืžื” ื”ืฉื ืฉืœ ืืชื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจืช ืกื•ืฃ- ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:01
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื”ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    43 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ืœืง

    ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ืœืง โ€“ ื”ื ื—ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

    ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ืื•ื”ืœื™ืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ื ื—ืœื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื•? ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื”ืœ ืœื ื—ืœ? ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ื ื—ืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ? ื•ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื• ื1*

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื—' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il