ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืžื ื”ื’
  • ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
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1482
16 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืœืžื” ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ื™ื "ื—ึปืงึผึทืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”"?
ืคืจืฉืช "ื—ื•ืงืช" ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ื˜ืžื ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช. ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื—ึปืงึผึทืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”", "ื–ึนืืช ื—ึปืงึผึทืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ื”' ืœึตืืžึนืจ". ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืจืง "ื–ึนืืช ื”ื—ึปืงึผึทื”". ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ, ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืขื˜ืจ ื–ื™ืข"ื, ืœืžื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื—ืงืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”"? ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘, ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ื‘ืื“ื ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื ื•ื›ืจื™ ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื˜ืžื ืžืช: "ื•ืื ื ื’ืข ื‘ืžืช ืื• ื ืฉืื• ืื• ื”ืื”ื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื ื ื’ืข" (ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช ืคืจืง ื' ื”ื™"ื’). ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืชื•ืจื” โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ืžื.
ื”ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืœื ืžื˜ืžืื™ื. "ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืจืžื• ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื–ื•ืœืช ื–ื” ื”ื ื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ืœื›ืŸ ืงืฉืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ืขื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืžืจื” "ื–ึนืืช ื—ึปืงึผึทืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”". "ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื ืขืฉื• ืขึฒื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืœื™ื ืชืื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื”ื", ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืชื. ืืžื ื ืื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื "ื‘ื›ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ" ืฉืœ ื˜ื”ืจื” "ืืฉืจ ื—ืงืง ื”' ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื”", ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื ืžื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื ื•.
"ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืœืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืœืฉื ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืืฆืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื—ืช ืžืœืื” ื“ื‘ืฉ, ื•ืื—ืช ืžืœืื” ื–ื‘ืœ, ื•ืคื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ื—ื“ืจ, ืื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœืื” ื“ื‘ืฉ โ€“ ืžืชืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืžืฉื™ื, ื•ืื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœืื” ื–ื‘ืœ โ€“ ื”ื’ื ืฉื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœื” ืงืฆืช ืžื”ืจืžืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืฉ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืื“ื ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืžืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืžืœื ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ืžืชื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืขืจื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ืชืจื•ืงืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื• ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ืœืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ, ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ื”ืชืื‘ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขืจื‘, ื•ืœื–ื” ื™ื˜ืžื ื‘ืื”ืœ". ืจืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื™ื™ื“ื—ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืœื™ื. ื ื“ื—ื™ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”. ื ื“ื—ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืฉ ื ืฉืืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื”.
ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืช ื•ื˜ื”ืจืชื•. ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ื“ื” ืื• ื‘ืœื™ื“ื”, ื’ื ื‘ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื–ืจืข ืื• ื‘ื–ื‘. ื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืฉืจืฆื™ื ื•ืจืžืฉื™ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ื˜ื”ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืืœื”. ืœืžืช ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื”. ื™ืฉ ื˜ื”ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.

ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
137 - ืฆื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ... ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื”
138 - ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืชื•ืจื”
139 - ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื›ื, ืžื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื, ืฉืจื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ื
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
 ื˜ื”ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื”ืœื ื›ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื›ืืฉ ื ืื•ื ื”'", ืžื” ืืฉ ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื˜ื•ืžืื”. ืขื ื–ืืช ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื˜ื”ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื.
ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ืขืœ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ: "ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื•ืชื™ ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœื™ ื“ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื ื˜ื”ืจ ื‘ืืคืจ ืคืจื” ืข"ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืื– ื ื—ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื. ื•ื”ื’ื ื›ื™ ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืจืžื– ืžื–ื”. ื•ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ โ€“ ืœื™ื‘ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืœื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืœื ื ืžืจืฅ ืœืจื•ื‘ ืขื ื•ื•ืชื ื•ืชื•" (ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ืื•ืช ื›ื•).
ื•ืืœ ืชืชืžื”, ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืืคืจ ืคืจื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช. ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ืฉื ื•ื’ื ื‘ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืจื›ื” (ืื•"ื— ืจืžื‘) ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืขืฆืžื• (ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืœื” ืขื™"ืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉ"ืก ื ื“ื” ื“ืฃ ื•' ืข"ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื™ื ืžื“ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชื•ืก' ื ื“ื” ื“ืฃ ื™"ื‘ ืข"ื‘ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขืžื•ื“ ื•ืขื™' ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžืœืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืœ ืค"ื’ ื”"ื).

ื˜ื•ืžืื” โ€“ ืžืฉื›ื—ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ื’ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื”, ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš": "ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ื: 1. ื”ืงื ืžื”ืžื˜ื”; 2. ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ; 3. ื•ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฆืคืจื ื™ื•; 4. ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœืฅ ืžื ืขืœื™ื•; 5. ื•ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื•; 6. ื•ื”ื—ื•ืคืฃ ืจืืฉื•. 7. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืฃ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ื; 8. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื ื’ืข ื‘ืžืช; 9. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืคืœื™ื ื›ืœื™ื• (ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื); 10. ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ืžื˜ืชื•; 11. ื•ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื›ื™ื ื”; 12. ื•ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื’ื•ืคื• ื‘ื™ื“ื•".
ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื•ืžื™ ืฉืขืฉื” ืื—ืช ืžื›ืœ ืืœื• ื•ืœื ื ื˜ืœ, ืื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื”ื•ื โ€“ ืชืœืžื•ื“ื• ืžืฉืชื›ื—; ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื โ€“ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ืขืชื•" (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“ ื™ื—). ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“ ืก"ืง ืžื– ื‘ืฉื ื"ืจ) ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ืฉื˜ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืื—"ื› ืœืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื›ืžืืžืจื ื“"ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ืฉื˜ื•ืช".
ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ืขืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื˜ื”ืจื” โ€“ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืชืœืžื•ื“ื•. ื•ืื ืœื โ€“ ืฉื•ื›ื— ืชืœืžื•ื“ื•. ืœื›ืŸ ืคืจืฉืช "ื—ื•ืงืช" ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื–ืืช ื—ื•ืงืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”", ืœืœืžื“ืš ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืชื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”.

ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื โ€“ ื•ึดื”ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื ืงึฐื“ืฉืึดื™ื
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื ื ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืœ ืžื ื“ืœืกื•ืŸ ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื”ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช, ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื ืื•ืชื• ืจืฉืข: "ื”ืื ืืชื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื?" ืืžืจื• ืœื•: "ื›ืŸ". ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืžื ื“ืœืกื•ืŸ: "ืชื™ืžื ืขื• ืžื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ื ืงืœ ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช".
ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื“ืขื• ื’ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘. ื›ืš ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื‘ื ืกืืœื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื“ื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืจืฆื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืžืชืช ื™ื“ ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื”ื’ื•ื ื”, ืืš ื”ื‘ื‘ื ืกืืœื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฉืžืจ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ืช. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืคืฆืจื•ืช ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ื‘ื‘ื ืกืืœื™ ืฉื™ืคืงื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื—ื™ื•, ื”ื‘ื‘ื ื—ืืงื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื. ืฉื ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื‘ื ื—ืืงื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื ื‘ืจืžืœื”. ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื‘ื ืกืืœื™ ืœืื—ื™ื• ื•ืžืกืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืขื ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ.
ื›ืฉื‘ื ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืจืžืœื”, ืขืฉื” ื”ืจื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื›ื™ื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืฆื” ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœืชืช ืœืจื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื”ืชืคืœื ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืืžืจ, "ื–ื”ื•? ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™?! ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžืช ืคืขื•ื˜", ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื. ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ื›ืขืจื‘ื” ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ.
ื›ืฉืขืœื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืืฉืชื• ืœืžื˜ื•ืก ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ื•"ืœ, ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื“ืจื›ื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ื ื™ื ื•ืฉืืจ ื˜ืจืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื•. ื›ืฉื‘ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื• ืืฉืชื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ: ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื? ืงืจืื” ืืฉืชื• ืœื“ื™ื™ืœืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ืžื™ื ื•ื ื˜ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืจืฃ ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืœืคื ื™ื•, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืœ ืคื™ื•, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืžื ื” ืื—ืจืช, ืฆืžื—ื™ืช.
ื›ืฉื‘ื ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืืฉืชื• ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืฉืจ, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ื•ืื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื, ืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ืคืขื ื›ืฉืจ ื•ืคืขื ื˜ืจืฃ. ืฉืžืข ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืฉื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื›ืฉืจ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ืจืฃ ืœืœื ืœื—ื.
ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ืœื™ืงื” ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช. ืœื ื™ื“ืขื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืงื ืชื” ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืงื ืชื” ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžื‘ืขืœื” ื’ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื ืชื” ื’ื‘ื™ืข.
ืขืœืขืœื• ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืืฉืชื• ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ืื—ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื“ืœื” ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืืช ื‘ืขืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื™ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•.
ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื–ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœื‘ื‘ื ื—ืืงื™ ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืงื ื” ืœื• ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืžื”ื•ื“ืจื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื–ื”ื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื ื•ึดื”ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื ืงึฐื“ืฉืึดื™ื". ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื’ ืข"ื‘) ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืื™ืš ื ื”ื™ื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื: "ืชื ื ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื โ€“ ืืœื• ืžื™ื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ึดื”ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื ืงึฐื“ืฉืึดื™ื โ€“ ืืœื• ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื". ืคื•ืชื— ืื“ื ืคืชื— ื›ื—ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžื—ื˜, ื•ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืœื• ืคืชื— ื›ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืœื.

ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ
ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื
ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ืคืฉื˜ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื•. ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ืื—ื“, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืœื™ืœื”, ืฉื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืขืกืงื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืื™-ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืงื™ื•ืช (ื”ืจื"ืฉ). ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื "ืฉื‘ืฉื—ืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืื ื• ื ืขืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ืจื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื” ืืžื•ื ืชืš'. ื•ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื‘ืจืื ื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืœืฉืจืชื• ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืฉืžื•. ื•ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืชืงื ื• ื‘ืฉื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืชืงื ื• ื‘ืฉื—ืจ ืœื”ืชืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื›ื›ื”ืŸ ืฉืžืงื“ืฉ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•".
ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื–ื• ื‘ืฉื "ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื". ืœืžื” ืœื ืจื—ื™ืฆื” ืื• ื˜ื”ืจืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื? ื”ืื ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ืงืจื "ืื ื˜ืœ" ืื• "ื ื˜ืœื”"? ืขืœ ื–ื” ืืžืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื‘ื ืœืจืžื– ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื•, ืฉืื™ื ื” ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื‘ืจืš "ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื", ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชื ืฉืื•ืช, ื›ืžื• "ื•ื™ื ื˜ืœื ื•ื™ื ืฉืื", ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืขืœ ืจื—ื™ืฆืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื".
ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ืกื•ื“ โ€“ ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืœื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ืฉืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืฉื ืชื•. ื•ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ื•ื™ืฉื‘ ืงืคื“) ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื›ื™ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ื–ื• ืฉืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื‘ืฉื ืชื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืชื”. "ื•ืจื•ื— ืžืกืื‘ื ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืคื, ืžืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื ืฉืžืชื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ืืกืชืœืงืช ืžื ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฉ ื•ื ืคืงืช ืžื ื™ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื“ื ืฉืžืชื ืงื“ื™ืฉื ื ืคืงืช ื•ืืกืชืœืงืช ืžื ื™ื” ืฉืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ืžืกืื‘ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืคื ื•ืืกืชืื‘". ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืื” ืžืžื ื• ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืžืช. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื ื˜ืžื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”. ืืžื ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืื•ื–ื ื™ื• ื•ืคื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื˜ ืข"ื).
ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ื™ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื ื–ืงื• ื‘ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœืชื•ื›ื• ื™ื™ืฉืคื›ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื. "ื‘ืขื™ ื—ื“ ื›ืœื™ ืœืชืชื ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืœื™ ืžืœืขื™ืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืชืงื“ืฉ ืžื”ื”ื•ื ื“ืœืขื™ืœื ื•ื”ื”ื•ื ื“ืœืชืชื ื“ื™ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืžื ื“ืžืกืื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื“ื ื ื›ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœื ืžืกืื‘ื• ื•ื“ื ืœืืชืงื“ืฉื ืžื ื™ื” ื“ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื•ื“ื ืืจื•ืจ. ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืŸ ื“ื–ื•ื”ืžื ืœืื•ืฉื“ื ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื ื“ืœื ื™ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื”ื• ื‘ืจ ื ืฉ ื“ื”ื ื‘ื”ื• ืžืชื›ื ืฉื™ ืกื˜ืจื ื“ืœื”ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื™ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœื ื ื–ืงื ืžืื™ื ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžืกืื‘ื™ืŸ".
ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœื™ ืื—ื“ ืœืžื˜ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืืจื•ืจ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœื™ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืœื”ืชืงื“ืฉ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืžื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื”. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืžื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืคื›ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืฉืœื ื™ืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื ืื“ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื ื–ืง ืžื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื. ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ื›ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ-ื‘ืจื•ืš-ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืชื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื. ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœ"ื•) ื•ื–ืจืงืชื™ ืขืœื™ื›ื ืžื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื”ืจืชื ืžื›ืœ ื˜ืžืื•ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืžื›ืœ ื’ืœื•ืœื™ื›ื ืื˜ื”ืจ ืืชื›ื". ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ืžืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ".
ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื’ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื: "ืชื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ื•ืžืงืคื“ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจื—ื•ืฅ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ืคื•ืš ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืช ืžืœืš ื•ืคื•ืกืง ืืช ื”ื“ืžืขื” ื•ืžืจื‘ื” ืฉื™ืขืจ ื‘ืขืคืขืคื™ื". ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืืœื ืื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื’ืข ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื–ืงื• ืขื™ื ื™ื•, ืฉื™ืฉืคืฉืฃ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืคื•ืš ื•ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœื•.
ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘"ืžืืžืจ ืžืจื“ื›ื™" (ื—ืœืง ื‘' ืกื™ืžืŸ ื‘') ืฉืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื ืคืกืงื• ืœื”ืœื›ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ืžื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื, ื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืื• ื™ืฉืคืฉืฃ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืช, ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืงืžื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ืื• ืžื™ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืชืœื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ื•ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžื™ื ืœื™ื“ื•. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื” โ€“ ื™ืฉืคืฉืฃ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš "ืขืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื".
ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื ืœืื™ืฉื” ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืงื” ืืช ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉืŸ ื•ืงื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ืื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื—ืจ ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืจ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืงื ืฉื ื™ืช. ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ื ื˜ื”ืจ ืžื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ืกืคืง ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื—ืง ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ื–ื” ("ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื“, ื•ืจืื” ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืก"ืง ืœื‘).

ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืœื”ืกืจืช ืจื•ื— ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื”
ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘"ื— ื›ื™ ืืกื•ืจ ืœืœื›ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ืขื•ืœืช ืชืžื™ื“" ื‘ืฉื ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ (ืฉืขืจ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ): "ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืื“ื ืžืฉื ืชื• ืชื›ืฃ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ื’ืข ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื• ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื’ื ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืœืš ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื›ืž"ืฉ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืœ ืœืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืœื•ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื• (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื™ื‘, ื•)". ื•ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืจื•ื— ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืฉืžืืœ ืœืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ (ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื•) "ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื–ื”ืจ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžื˜ืชื•, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื™ืœืš ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช", ื•ื’ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื”.
ื›ืฉืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื ืงื•ื‘. ื›ืš ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™" ื‘ืฉื ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ (ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื™) ื›ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื ืงื™ ืฉื“ื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืคื•ืฉื˜ื™ื ื™ื“ื ื•ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืžืื•ื ืฉืชืฉืจื” ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ืขืœ ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื, ื•ื’ื ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื”, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ".

ื•ึฐืขึธืฉึดื‚ื™ืชึธ ื›ึดึผื™ึผื•ึนืจ... ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึธึผ ืฉึธืืžึธึผื” ืžึธื™ึดื
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืžื™ื ืžื”ื›ืœื™. ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืžืžื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ืžืื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืœืฉื•ืคื›ื•.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืจ ื™ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื. ื. ื”ืžื™ื ื ืฉืืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ื‘. ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืคื›ื• ืžื™ื ื˜ืžืื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื”. ื’. ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžื™ื ื˜ืžืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžื™ื“ ื ืฉืคื›ื™ื ืžื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืขื“ ืœื›ื™ื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช (ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื™ืขืงื‘). ืœื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ื™ืฉืคื›ื• ื”ืžื™ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ืžื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ืื• ืฉื™ื™ืฉืคื›ื• ืžืขื˜ ืžื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ืื• ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžื™ื ื˜ืžืื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช โ€“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื”.

ื ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช, ื”ืชืžืขื˜ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช
ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื ื—ืœืฉ ืžืื•ื“ ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื”. ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช )ื™ื•ืžื ืขื– ืข"ื‘( ืฉื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ื ื–ื”ืจื™ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื–ื” ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืืœื• ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื ื–ื”ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช". ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื” )ืฉื‘ื™ืชืช ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื’, ื‘) ืฉืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื” ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“. ื’ื ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ืœ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• (ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ืฉืžื™ื ื™ ืœ"ื).
ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™: "ื•ื”ื ื” ืชื”ืœื•ืช ืœืืœ ืฉื ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื ื–ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ื ื—ืœืฉ ื›ื•ื—ื”, ื•ืชื—ืœื” ื ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ืชื‘ื˜ืœ ื’ื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ" (ื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื“ืข ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜, ื‘). ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื (ืงื™ื, ื): "ืžื™ื”ื• ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืœื ื ืืžืจื• ืืœื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืงื“ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ืฉื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื ื™ื ืžืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืขืชื” ื ื—ืœืฉื” ื”ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ื ืชืžืขื˜ื• ืืœื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ืจืง ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื–ื”". ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืขื•ื“ "ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื ื—ืœืฉื” ื”ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ื’ื ื›ื—ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืคื™ื ื ื—ืœืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืืฆืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืžืฆื ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื“ื™ื ืฉื ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื" (ื‘ื ื™ื”ื• ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื“ืข ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืกื–, ื‘).
ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืกื•ื“ ื™ืฉืจื™ื ื—"ื‘ ื˜) ืขืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืคืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ืชื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื™ืชืœื•ื” ืขื ื ืฉืžืชื ืžื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ื™ืจ, ื™ืขืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื ื—ืœืฉ ื›ื— ื”ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื, ื•ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ื—ืœืฉ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ื—ืฉืฉ, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืจืื” ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื ืชืžืขื˜ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืจื•ื—ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ื˜ื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœืฃ, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžื—ืžืช ื—ื•ืœืฉืช ื”ืกื˜ืจื ืื—ืจื ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื‘ื”ื ืชืœื™ื ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข".
ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ" (ื—ืœืง ื›ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“) ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื“ื™ ื—ืžื“ ื–"ืœ. ื•ื›ืš ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื•"ืช "ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘" (ื—ืœืง ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ื“"ื” ื’) ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื• ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ.
ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื ื‘ื ืฆืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืขืจื•ืชื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ืื•ื™ืขืจื‘ืš ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืฉืืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื’ืจ"ื ืืžืจ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื’ืจืฃ ืคื•ื˜ื•ืฆืงื™ ื ื—ืœืฉื” ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืžืื•ื“.
ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืคื•ื˜ื•ืฆืงื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืžืฉืคื—ืช ืืฆื•ืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื‘ืช ืœืžืœืš. ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ืœื ื˜ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืจืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืœื ื™ื, ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืก ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื• ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื” ื ืชืคืก ื”ื’ืจืฃ ืคื•ื˜ื•ืฆืงื™ ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ืžืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื ืื™ื™ืžื• ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื’ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘ ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื ื™ืกื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช, ืื ืœื โ€“ ื™ืžื™ืชื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืจืคื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช "ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“, ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื". ืขื“ ืœืฉืขืชื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื ื”ืจืคื• ืžืžื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื•, ื•ืขืฉื• ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ "ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื ืฉืžืชื•" ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœ ื—ื™ืง ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžื•ืชื•. ื”ื’ืจืฃ ืคื•ื˜ื•ืฆืงื™, ืฉื ืงืจื ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื•ื‘ืชืขื ื•ื’ื•ืช ื•ื ืฉืจืฃ ื—ื™ ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืจื‘.
ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœื• ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื•ืขืจืขืจื” ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“. ื”ื ืจืื• ื›ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘ ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืืžืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื ืฉืืจื• ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื โ€“ ื ื—ืœืฉื” ืืžื•ื ืชื ื‘ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื ื•ืชืจ ืจืง ืžื ื”ื’ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื.
ืขืœ ืงื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ืจ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžื•ื•ื™ืœื ื” ืฆืžื— ืขืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื™ืœื ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ื˜ืžื ื•ื”ื• ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ืจืกื• ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืœื ื”, ื•ืจืง ื”ืžืฆื‘ื” ื•ื”ืขืฅ ืฉืœ ื’ืจ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื ืฉืืจื• ืœืคืœื™ื˜ื”.

ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื
ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืื• ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ โ€“ ืฆืจื™ืš ื ื˜ื™ืœื”
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืœื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืžืงืœื—ืช. ื•ื”ื ื•ืกืข ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื ื™ืžืฆื ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืžื™ื ืœืจื—ืฆื” ืืœื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžืงืœื—ืช. ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™-ืžืœื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงืœื—ืช.
ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ ื‘"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“) ื‘ืฉื ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ืจื”ื, ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื ื˜ื™ืœื”. ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืจ"ื™ ืื‘ื•ื”ื‘ ื–"ืœ, ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขื•ื“ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืื—ืจืช.
ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง (ื—"ื ื“"ื™ ืข"ื‘) "ื•ึฐื›ึทื“ ืขึธืืœ ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืกึผึตื ืœึธื ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐืœึธื ื™ึดืงึฐืจึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ืžึดืœึผึธื” ื—ึธื“ึธื ืขึทื“ ื“ึผึฐื™ึดืกึฐื—ึตื™ ื™ึฐื“ื•ึนื™. ื•ึฐืึดื™ ืชึตื™ืžึธื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึดืžึฐืœื•ึผื›ึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ืึดื ึผื•ึผืŸ, ืœึธืื• ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื, ื‘ึผึทืžึผึถื” ืึดืชึฐืœึทื›ึฐืœึฐื›ื•ึผ. ืึถืœึผึธื ื•ึทื•ื™ ืœึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ืžึทืฉืึฐื’ึผึดื™ื—ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืœึธื ื™ึทื“ึฐืขึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืงึฐืจึธื ื“ึฐืžึธืืจึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืœึธื ื™ึธื“ึฐืขึตื™ ืขึทืœ ืžึทื” ืงึผึธื™ึฐื™ืžึธื ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื. ืจื•ึผื—ึธื ื—ึฒื“ึธื ืึดื™ืช ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืกึผึตื ื“ึผึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืฉืึทืจึฐื™ึธื ืชึผึทืžึผึธืŸ ื•ึฐืึดืชึฐื”ึทื ึผึดื™ ืžึตื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืœึดื›ึฐืœื•ึผื›ึธื ื•ึฐื˜ึดื ึผื•ึผืคึธื ื•ึผืžึดื™ึผึธื“ ืฉืึธืจึตื™ ืขึทืœ ืึดื ึผื•ึผืŸ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขึธืŸ ื“ึผึดื™ื“ื•ึนื™ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื ึธืฉื".
ืชืจื’ื•ื: ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื โ€“ ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš ื•ืœื ื™ืงืจื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื•. ื•ืื ืชืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืœื•ื›ืœื›ื•ืช, ืœื ื›ืš ื”ื•ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืžื” ื”ืชืœื›ืœื›ื•? ืืœื ื•ื™ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื™ืฉ ืจื•ื— ืื—ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืฉื•ืจื” ืฉื ื•ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื”ืœื›ืœื•ืš ื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ื•ืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื. ื•ืžื™ื“ ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
ื•ืืœ ืชืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื โ€“ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืคื ื•ืช. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืคืฉื˜ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ "ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื•ืœื" (ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืกื™' ืชืชื›ื’) ื›ื™ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ืกื ืžื˜ืžืืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ืชืคื ื”. ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ื“ ืกืง"ืž) ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืก"ืง ืก ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืžืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืจื›"ื– ื‘' ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืœื”ืคืš, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืคืจื™ ืžื’ื“ื™ื ืฉื).

ื ื“ื ื•ื“ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”
ื›ืชื‘ "ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”" (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“ ืก"ืง ื›) ื‘ืฉื ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื‘ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ืžืžื™ื˜ืชื• ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœื™ "ื›ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื™ื ื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืžื™ ืฉืงื ืžืฉื ืชื•".
ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช", ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื–ื• ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉืงืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื ื”. "ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกื, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ื›ืžื• ื›ื— ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”, ื“ื˜ืขื™ื ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืžื•ืชื, ืœื›ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืš ืœื‘ืœืชื™ ื™ืœืš ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื, ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื–ื”, ืืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืžื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœืชื•ืš ื›ืœื™ ื“ื•ืงื, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื ื• ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื ื“ืฉื™ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื•ื’ื ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช".
ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจื—ืฅ ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ืžืคื ื™ ื ื“ื ื•ื“ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”, ื“ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื‘ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ, ื•ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฆืคืจื ื™ื•, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื ื˜ืœืŸ ื›ื•ืœืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืฆืคืจื ื™ื• ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ื’ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ืฆืคืจื ื™ื• ืขื•ื“ืคื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ, ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื˜ืขืžื™ื™ื”ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื•ื“, ื•ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืฅ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื, ืชื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืจื›ื”" (ืคืจืฉืช ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื–).
ืœืคื™ ื–ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื›ื™ื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืžืงืœื—ืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—, ืืœื ืฉื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื— ื”ื•ื ืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ื‘ืงื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ืœื™ื โ€“ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ื โ€“ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื• ื‘ืžืงืœื—ืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื”ืชืคื ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื—, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื• ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืฉืจื•ื— ื”ืจืขื” ืฉืœื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ืื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืœื›ื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ืขื™ืœื”
ื‘ืฉื•"ืช "ื”ืจ ืฆื‘ื™" (ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ) ื ืฉืืœ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื "ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื•ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื ืจืง ืžื”ื‘ืจื– ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกื, ื•ื‘ื–ืžื ื ื• ืื ื• ืฉื“ื•ื—ืง ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื›"ื› ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืจ ืื—ืจ, ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจืชื™ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืฉืชื™ื”". ื•ื’ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื. ื•ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื—ืช ืžื™ื ืžื—ื“ืจ ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” โ€“ ืขื“ื™ืฃ (ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืœืžื™ ืฆื‘ื•ืจ).
ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืขืœ "ืžื ื—ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง" ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช (ื—ืœืง ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืก) ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื›ืœื•ืš ืœื ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื ืืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ื ืงืจื ื—ื“ืจ ืจื—ืฆื” โ€“ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœ ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืžื˜ื•ืก, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื™ื•ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื”ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื ื˜ื™ืœื”, ื•ืจืง ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ื—ืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ โ€“ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืฉื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื“ ืื•ืช ื›ื•).
ื‘ืกืคืจ "ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื—ื™" (ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื•) ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ื ื˜ืžืื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืชืงื ื”. ืื‘ื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืกืœื” ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื™ื ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ โ€“ ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืฉื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืžื•ื•ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•'.
ืžื™ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื—ื“ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืฆื”, ืื ื‘ืžืœื•ืŸ โ€“ ื™ืงื ื” ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ืžื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื•ืื ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก ืื• ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžื™ื โ€“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ืฉืคืฉืฃ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื.

ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื™ื
ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืžืฉื•ื ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืžื ื• ื›ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฅ ืžื ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื ื’ืข ื‘ื”ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ืจ โ€“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืื• ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื‘ืฉื. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืขื ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžื˜ืขื ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืจื—ืฅ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœื™ ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื.
ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ื•, ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื ื’ืข ื‘ืžื ืขืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืœื‘ืฉื ืื“ื ืžืขื•ืœื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ืœื™ืช ืœืŸ ื‘ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืจื—ื™ืฆื” ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื“ ืก"ืง ืžื) ื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืฉื ื ืงื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื”ืจ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืชื™ื›ืฃ, ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืžืฉื ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื“ืจื– ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื›ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ.
ืืžื ื ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื›ืชื‘ (ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช) ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื”. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžืคื ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืฉื ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืžืกืชืœืงื™ื: "ื•ื“ืข ื›ื™ ืœื•ืœื ื”ืฆืคืจื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžื• ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช, ื”ื™ื• ื”ื™ื“ื™ื ื˜ืžืื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื ืฉื™ื ื”, ืืš ืขืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืคืจื ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื— ืจืขื” ืฉื•ืจื”, ืืœื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ื ื”, ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกื".

ืื™ืŸ ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืื•ืœ: ืœืžื” ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืœืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืŸ ื ื˜ืžืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื? "ืขืœ ื–ื” ืชื™ืจืฅ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืคื” ืฉืขื” ื–"ืœ, ื“ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืชื•ืงืฃ ืื—ื™ื–ืชื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ื— ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื ืžืฉื ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœื”. ื•ืจืง ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ื•ื— ืœื“ื—ื•ืชื ื’ื ืžืŸ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืš ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ื• 'ื•ืจื—ืฆื• ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื', ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืจื—ื™ืฆืช ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ืคื ื™ื• ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืจื’ืœื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืชื’ื™ืŸ, ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•".
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ืชื ื ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืื•ืจ ืคื ื™ ืžืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื›ื™"ืจ.

ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ื ื›ืกื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืขืกืงื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื ื™ื›ืจ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืขืฆื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืงื ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื”. ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“, ื›ื™ ืœืคื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืขืœืชื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื›ืš ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื—ื–ืง ืื•ืชื” ื•ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”.
ืขื•ื“ ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœื›ืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ึดื™ ืžืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืžืฉืืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืื“ืžื” ื‘ื•ืขืจืช ืžืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•, ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืฉื—ื•"ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืขื ืฉืœื•, ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœื•. ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœื•. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจ.
ืืš ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ืฉืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ื”ื•ื, ืฉื›ืœ ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืคืชื—ืชื™ ืœื• ืืช ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืงื ื” ื—ืœืงืช ืื“ืžื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื’ ื™ื˜): "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึถืŸ ืึถืช ื—ึถืœึฐืงึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื”". ื•ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืœืื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ืฉื (ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ื ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื•ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื•ืคืจื— ื™): "ื•ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื›ื™ ืžืขืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื” ื—ืœืง โ€“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื›ื—ืœืง ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื".
ืื•ืชื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืืจืฆื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ืง ืžืื•ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืœืœื•, ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื™ื“. ื•ื›ืš, ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง "ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื’ื•ืจืจืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื”" โ€“ ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ื’ืžืœื” ื‘ืœื‘ื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื• โ€“ ืื ืžืขืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืœืžื” ืฉืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžืจื›ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ืื‘ื•ื ืื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ ืขื ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉื™ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช!
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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il