ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ื›ื™ ืชืฉื

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 59 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื ืฉื™ืืช ืจืืฉ โ€“ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืื• ืกื›ื ื”
ืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ืชึฐืจื•ึนืžึตื ื’ึผื•ึนื™
ืคืจืฉืช ื›ื™ ืชืฉื ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ: "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืึถืช ืจึนืืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึดืคึฐืงึปื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐื ึธืชึฐื ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ื›ึผึนืคึถืจ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน ืœื”' ื‘ึผึดืคึฐืงึนื“ ืึนืชึธื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื‘ึธื”ึถื ื ึถื’ึถืฃ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐืงึนื“ ืึนืชึธื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœ ื™ื‘). ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืฉึผื‚ึธื" ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจื”.
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืชึดืฉึผื‚ึธื" ื ื•ืฉืืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื”, "ืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ืชึฐืจื•ึนืžึตื ื’ึผื•ึนื™" - ื ึฐื“ึธื‘ึธื” ืฉืึถื”ึตื‘ึดื™ืื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐื ึดื“ึฐื‘ึทืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ. ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ื ึธืชึทืŸ ืœึธื”ึถื ืชึผึฐืœื•ึผื™ ืจึนืืฉื ืข"ื™ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน: 'ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืึถืช ืจึนืืฉื'" (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื›ื™ ืชืฉื - ืคืจืง ื”).
ืชึผึฐืœื•ึผื™ ืจึนืืฉื
ืžื” ื–ื” ืชึผึฐืœื•ึผื™ ืจึนืืฉื? ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื›ื™ ื ืฉื™ืืช ืจืืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืœื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ืขืฅ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจ. ื›ืš ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž, ื™ื’) ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ื™ืฉื ืคืจืขื” ืจืืฉืš ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ืš ืขืœ ื›ื ืš" ื•ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœืช ืคืจืขื”. ืœืขื•ืžืชื• ื ืืžืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื™ืฉื ืคืจืขื” ืืช ืจืืฉืš ืžืขืœื™ืš". ื•ืคืจืขื” ืชืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืขืฅ. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื ืฉื™ืืช ืจืืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืจืขื”, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ืื“ื ื ืžืฆื (ื’ื•ืจ ืืจื™ื” ืชืฆื•ื” - ื›ื™ ืชืฉื ืœ).
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
547 - ื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืฉึถื‚ื” ืฉึถืืœึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืฉึถื‚ื” ืฉึถืืœึดึผื™ - ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช
548 - ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ โ€“ ืžืขืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
549 - ืžืขืœืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื”
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
 ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืขื’ืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ืชื—ืช ื”ื”ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช, ื•ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”. ื’ื ื‘ืขืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืขื’ืœ ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœื• ืžืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื›ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืขื’ืœ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ืึถืœ ืžืฉืึถื” ื›ึผึฐื›ึทืœึผึนืชื•ึน ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืึดืชึผื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืจ ืกึดื™ื ึทื™ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ืœึปื—ึนืช ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ืœึปื—ึนืช ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐืชึปื‘ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื: ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ื”ึธืขึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ืฉืึตืฉื ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึธืจึถื“ึถืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึธื”ึตืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขึทืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืงื•ึผื ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื". ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืชืŸ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืฉื™ืืช ืจืืฉ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื” ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื’ืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ื•ืœื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืขื’ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื.
ืืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ืœืงื• ืืช ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืื™ืš ื”ืขื’ืœ ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื”ืคืจื™ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืคืจืง ืœ"ื ื•ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ืคืจืง ืœ"ื‘.
ื’ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืจื–ืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืขื ื”ืžืŸ ื”ืื’ื’ื™ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื™ ื ืฉื™ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ืขื–ืจื ื ื‘). ื–ื• ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืขืžืœืง, ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื ืฉื™ืืช ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”.
ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื•ื›ืš ืœืคื ื™ ืขืœื™ื™ืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“. ื’ื ื”ืžืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื‘ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืขืฆืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 18 ืฉื ื” (ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขื–ืจื ื“ ื›ื“). ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื”ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื”ืฆืœื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ื’ืื•ืœื”
ืžืชื•ืš ื’ืื•ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™
ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื”ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื”ืžืŸ ื‘ืื” ื”ื”ืฆืœื” ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื ื‘ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™. ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจืขื” ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ื ืืฆื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ ื”ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืจื ื•.
ืžืกืžืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืช ืคืกื—, ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื’ืื•ืœืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืืžืจื• ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืžื•ืš ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืคืกื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”, ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช โ€“ "ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ืš ืขืœ ืชื—ืžื™ืฆื ื”" โ€“ ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื–ื” ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
ื•ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืฉืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืฉืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœื ื™ืกืŸ.
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื”ื™ื "ื“ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช". ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืœืžื” ืชื“ื—ื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™? ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ืš ืืœ ืชื—ืžื™ืฆื ื”. ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืฉืืžืจ "ืžืกืžืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ".
ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ืข
ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื”, ืขื“ ืฉื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื˜ืขื” ื•ื—ื’ื’ ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™. ื›ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืชืจืฆื– ืก"ืง ื) ืžืขืฉื” ืžืงื”ืœ ืฉื˜ืขื” ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ื•ืขืฉื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื ืฉื˜ืขื•. ืืข"ืค ืฉืงืจืื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืงืจืื• ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœืงืจื•ื ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™.

ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืœืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช
ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ื™ ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช "ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืœึตื•ึดื™ ืืžืจ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึทืžึธื ื‘ึผึทืจ ื—ึฒื ึดื™ื ึธื”, ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ืžึฐืขื•ึผื‘ึผึถืจึถืช". ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช ืžืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนื ืœึฐื™ื•ึนื ื•ึผืžึตื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืœึฐื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื”ื•ึผื ื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืึฒื“ึธืจ" ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืœื™ื "ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ" ื”ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ? ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืฉื ื™ ืื“ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืŸ ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืฉืžื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื’ื ื ื™ืฆื—ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื•ื ืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ื‘ื”ื, ืืขืค"ื› ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืกืžืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.


ืฉืžื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ
ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช
ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื•/ื‘) ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ืื "ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื” - ืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืืœื ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื". ืฉื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ืœืฉืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื. ื•ืžื–ื” ืœืžื“ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืกืคื™ื“ ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉืœ ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. "ื•ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื•ื‘ื–ื”". ื•ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช "ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื™ืขื ืš ื”' ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฆืจื”" (ืฉื•"ืข ืชืจืฆื– ื). "ื•ืื ื—ืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฆื“ืงืชืš" (ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจืฆื– ืก"ืง ื‘).
ืžื™ ืฉื ื“ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ - ืžืชืขื ื”
ืืžื ื ืžื™ ืฉื ื“ืจ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ - ื—ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื ื“ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื ื“ืจ ื‘ืกืชื ืœืฆื•ื ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ ื•ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืœื ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื•ื ื–ื”.
ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™"ื“
ื”ื‘"ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช, ืืœื ื™ืจื‘ื• ื’ื ืกืขื•ื“ื” "ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™"ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื˜"ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื”". ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื "ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื™ื•ืžื™ ื ืก ื•ื”ืฆืœื” ื”ื" (ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืชืจืฆื–).
ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื’ ืข"ื‘) ื›ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืชื”. "ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื“ืžื• ืœืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืชื ื”ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉื ื™, ืžืฉืžืข ื ืžื™ ื“ืืฃ ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉื ื™". ืืžื ื ื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืืœื ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกืคื™ื“ ื‘ื•.
ื“ื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื–ื›ืจ ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื“' ื”ื•ื ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืžืฆื•ื”
ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื: "ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื™"ื“ ืฉื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืจื‘ื” ืงืฆืช ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื; ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ ืžืฉืชื” ืชืžื™ื“". ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืชืจืฆื– ืก"ืง ื‘) "ื•ืื•ืชื” ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื ืก ื”ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืžืฆื•ื”, ื“ื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื–ื›ืจ ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื“' ื”ื•ื ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืžืฆื•ื”". ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจืฆื– ืก"ืง ื‘) ื›ื™ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื ืก, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.
ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ ืžืฉืชื” ืชืžื™ื“
ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืก"ืง ื”) ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžืคืจื™ืฉ (ื›ื ืจืื” "ืคืจื™ื–") ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืกื™ื™ื ื”ืจืž"ื "ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ ืžืฉืชื” ืชืžื™ื“" ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื ืก ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื ื”ืœืœื• (ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื˜"ื–). ื•ื”ื‘ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ืฉืžื— ืœื‘ื“ื• ืืœื ืขื ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™ื‘ื•.
ืœืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ?
ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™, ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจ"ื— ื“"ื” 'ื•ืž"ืฉ ื“ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื•') ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉืžืฉืžืข ืžื”ื’ืžืจื ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” "ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื”ื•ื ืžืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ. 'ืžืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืคืกื— ืžืžื™ืชื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ'" (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™"ื“ ืข"ื). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” "ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื ืก. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืžื’ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืงืฆืช ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืœืืกืจื• ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืžืง"ื• ื”ื "ืœ".
ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื›ืงืจื™ืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš "ื–ืจื™ื–ื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ืŸ" ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืขื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืžื•ืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื”. ืืžื ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืก ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœื ืก ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช.
ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ื›ืจืขื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื
ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืกื•ืคืจ ืขื”"ืช (ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืชืฆื•ื”) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืง ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื™ืขืฉื” ืื“ื ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื—ืจื™ื? ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ "ืข"ืค ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื“ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ื›ืจืขื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืฉืžื—ืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืฉืœื—ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”".
ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ (ื—ืœืง ื›ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื˜) ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ืžื™ืจ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื™ืชื ื”ื’ ื’"ื› ืœืฉืœื— ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ืื—ื– ื”ื—ื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื ืคืฉื• ื•ืœื ื™ืชื”ื ื” ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื‘ื• ืจืข ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฉืชื” ืœืขืฆืžื•.
"ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื" ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ
ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืชืจืฆื– ืกืง"ื) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื˜ืขื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืืžืจ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจื” "ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื", ืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ (ืกืง"ื‘) ื“ืžื“ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืžืฉ"ื› ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ืืœื ืฉืžืกืžืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ, ื"ื› ื”ื•ื™ ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืื•ืจืข.
ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื“ืžื•ืงืคื™ืŸ
ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžื ื—ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง (ื—ืœืง ื™ ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ื—) ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื™"ื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืจืง ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื™"ื“. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื˜"ื•. ืืžื ื ื‘ื‘"ื™ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™"ื“. ื•ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื—ื ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื™"ื“ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื˜"ื•. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืžื“ ืžื”ืกืž"ืง ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™"ื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜"ื• ืฉื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™. ื•ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื›ืŸ.
ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืœื. ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื™ืฆื—ื• ืืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื”ื, ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉืฉ ื•ื‘ืคื—ื“, ืŸืืขืค"ื› ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื "ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืŸ ืœึทื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ื ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื” ื•ึฐื™ื•ึนื ื˜ื•ึนื‘" (ืืกืชืจ ื— ื˜ื–). ื•ืืกื•ืจื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืœืื›ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆื—ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ื—ืฉืฉ, ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึนึฃื” ืึนืชึ”ื•ึน ื™ึ–ื•ึนื ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถึฅื” ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธึฝื”" ื•ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจ "ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘" (ืืกืชืจ ื˜, ื™ื—).
ื’ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืง ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืžืฉืชื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”. "ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึนึ—ื“ึถืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจึฉ ื ึถื”ึฐืคึผึทึจืšึฐ ืœึธื”ึถึคื ืžึดื™ึผึธื’ื•ึนืŸึ™ ืœึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธึ”ื” ื•ึผืžึตืึตึ–ื‘ึถืœ ืœึฐื™ึฃื•ึนื ื˜ึ‘ื•ึนื‘, ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึฃื•ึนืช ืื•ึนืชึธึ—ื ื™ึฐืžึตื™ึ™ ืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถึฃื” ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธึ”ื” ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืœึคื•ึนื—ึท ืžึธื ื•ึนืชึ™ ืึดึฃื™ืฉื ืœึฐืจึตืขึตึ”ื”ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึทืชึผึธื ึ–ื•ึนืช ืœึธึฝืึถื‘ึฐื™ื•ึนื ึดึฝื™ื" (ืืกืชืจ ื˜, ื›ื‘). ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœ. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘"ื™ ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืžื ื”ื’, ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืœื ืืกืจื• ืžืœืื›ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืžื ื”ื’.

ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” - ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉื ื™
ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช
ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช. "ืึฒื“ึธืจ ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืชึผื•ึนืกึถืคึถืช ืื• ืึฒื“ึธืจ ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื™ ืชึผื•ึนืกึถืคึถืช?" ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืžื” ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ "ืžึทื” ื‘ึผึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ?" ืœืฉื ื™ ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืฉื ื” ืฉืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ืื ื’ื™ืœื ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื”, ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“. ื•ืžืกื™ืงื” ื”ื’ืžืจื "ื”ึทื“ึธื ืึธืžึฐืจึธื”" ืžื›ืืŸ ืืชื” ืœืžื“ "ืึฒื“ึธืจ ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืชึผื•ึนืกึถืคึถืช".
ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: "ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืกืคืง ืืœื ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืงืจื ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืžืœื (30 ื™ื•ื) ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืชื“ื™ืจ ืงื‘ืขื• ืื•ืชื• ืžืœื ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืื“ืจ ื”ืกืžื•ืš ืœื ื™ืกืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ื—ืกืจ (29 ื™ืžื™ื), ื•ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" (ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื“ื‘"ื– ื—"ื ืกื™' ืงื . ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืจ"ื” ื™ื˜ ื‘ ื“"ื” ื›ืžื”, ื•ืชื•ืก' ืฉื ื“"ื” ืื“ืจ. ื•ืขื™' ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืค"ื ื”"ื” ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืชื•ืก' ืจ"ื” ืฉื).
ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™
ืœื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ืื“ืจ ื‘'. ื›ืš ืคื•ืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข "ื•ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืื™ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืขื“ ืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™" (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ื ื” ื™). ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืกืง ื’ื ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉื”ืจืž"ื ืคืกืง ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื ื“ืจื™ื ืฉืกืชื ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืืŸ ืคื•ืกืง ื›ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืฉืกืชื ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื’ืจ"ื ืชืงืก"ื— ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื•ื‘ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจ"ื›). ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื•ื”ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™. ืœืขื•ืžืชื• ืคื•ืกืง ืžื”ืจ"ืฉ ื”ืœื•ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื–ื” (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืฉื ืก"ืง ืก"ื).
ื ื•ืœื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื‘ืจื• ื•ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ื•
ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉ"ืื ื ืขืจ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื›"ื˜ ืœืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ื•ื ืขืจ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ื•, ื•ืฉื ืช ื™"ื’ ืื™ื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช - ืื•ืชื• ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื›"ื˜ ืœืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื›"ื˜ ืœืื“ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื™"ื’ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ื™"ื’ ืฉื ื”, ื•ืื•ืชื• ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ื™"ื’ ืฉื ื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื™"ื’" (ืฉื•"ืข ื ื” ื™). ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•.
ืืžื ื "ืื ื‘ืฉื ืช ื™"ื’ ื”ื™ื” ื’"ื› (ืฉื ืช) ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื– ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ - ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ - ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™" (ืื ืฉื ืช ื™"ื’ ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช โ€“ ื™ื—ื’ื•ื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ื "ื” ืก"ืง ืž"ื’ ื“ืœื ื›ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืฉื ืก"ืง ื ื˜ ื‘ืื•ืจืš).
ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช โ€“ ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉื ื™
ืื–ื›ืจื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™

ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื“ืจ ื‘' "ื›ืฉืื™ืจืข ื™ื•ื ืฉืžืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืืžื• ื‘ืื“ืจ, ื•ื”ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ื™ืชืขื ื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™" (ืชืงืกื— ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–). ืืžื ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื–ื›ืจื” ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ืื ืžืชื• ื‘ืื“ืจ ื•ื ืชืขื‘ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ืŸ, ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืขื™ืงืจ. ื•ืื ืžืชื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™, ืžืชืขื ื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™" (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืชื‘ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื‘)
ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื• ืข"ื‘), ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ืกืžื™ื›ืช ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื”. ืžืฉื ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืฉืื™ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื–ื›ืจื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ื•ืข"ืข ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื“ืฉืŸ ืจืฆื“).
ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื”ื
ื”ื’ืจ"ื (ืชืงืกื— ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–) ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. "ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืจืื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืจืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื“ืžื ื“ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ื“ืฉื ืคืœื™ื’ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื“ื‘ื ื“ืจื™ื ื”ืœื›ื• ืื—ืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื”ื". ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ (ืกื™' ืชืงืก"ื—): "ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืื™ืžื•, ื•ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื—ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ - ืื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™".
ืœื ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ
ืื“ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืงื” (ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจืฆื– ืก"ืง ื’). ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื™"ื‘ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืื‘ืœื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ืืฃ ืื ื”ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืชืจ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืกืจ ื‘ื• ืœืื—ืจ ื™"ื‘ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
ื–' ื‘ืื“ืจ
ื‘ืืจืฅ ื’ื ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืจืง ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื ื™, ื›ื™ ื›ืš ืคืกืง ืžืจืŸ. ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ื•ื‘ืœื•ื— ื˜ื™ืงื•ืฆ'ื™ื ืกืงื™). ื”ืžื’"ื (ืชืง"ืค ื—') ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื–' ื‘ืื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืื“ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ. ืืžื ื ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืœื ื” ืขืฉื• ืชืขื ื™ืช ื–' ื‘ืื“ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื™ืœื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ื "ืœ.
ื•ืœื›ืคืจืช ืคืฉืข
ื›ื•ื— ื›ืคืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช
ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืจ"ื— ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื›ื•' ืœืžื—ื™ืœืช ื—ื˜ื ื•ืœืกืœื™ื—ืช ืขื•ื•ืŸ", ื•ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื "ื•ืœื›ืคืจืช ืคืฉืข". ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืื“ื ืขื‘ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ื’ื’, ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื—ื˜ื. ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ืจื” ื—ืฅ ืฉื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื”. ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืขื•ื•ืŸ. ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ืœื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก, ื•ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืคืฉืข.
ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ื•ืขื•ื•ืŸ. ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ืคืฉืขื™ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื›ื•ื—ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื›ืคืจ ืคืฉืขื™ื.
ื›ืคืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื™"ื
ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื™"ื ื’ื ืœืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืชืจื•ืžื” ืชืฆื•ื•ื”. ื›ื™ ื›ื ืจืื” ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืจื’ื™ืœื”.
ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืื•ึนืจ ื”ึทืœึผึฐื‘ึธื ึธื” ื›ึผึฐืื•ึนืจ ื”ึทึฝื—ึทืžึผึธื”
ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืื•ืจืš ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืœืฉื ืช ื”ื—ืžื”, ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ื—ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืฉืก"ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืžื”. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืฉื ืช ืœื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื "ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืืช ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ 12 ืคืขืžื™ื. ื”ืคืจืฉ 11 ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืžืฉืชื•ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืžืฉืชื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืžื”.
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื” ืœืœื‘ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”' ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืžืฉืœื• ืœืœื‘ื ื”. ืฉื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœื ื• ืžืื•ืจ ื”' ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื•. ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื• ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• (ืœ, ื›ื•): "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึคื” ืื•ึนืจึพื”ึทืœึผึฐื‘ึธื ึธื”ึ™ ื›ึผึฐืึฃื•ึนืจ ื”ึทึฝื—ึทืžึผึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐืึคื•ึนืจ ื”ึทึฝื—ึทืžึผึธื”ึ™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถึฃื” ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธืชึทึ”ื™ึดื ื›ึผึฐืึ–ื•ึนืจ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึทึฃืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดึ‘ื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึ—ื•ึนื ื—ึฒื‘ึนึคืฉื ื”ึ™' ืึถืชึพืฉืึถึฃื‘ึถืจ ืขึทืžึผึ”ื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทึฅื—ึทืฅ ืžึทื›ึผึธืชึ–ื•ึน ื™ึดืจึฐืคึผึธึฝื". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
ืคึฐึผืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื
ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืš ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืฆื ืจืคื•ืื” ืœืžื›ืชื•.
ืคืขื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืจื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื• ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจื™ืงื, ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื•.
ืกื™ืคืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื: ื ื™ื’ืฉืชื™ ืœืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื–ื›ื™ื ื•. ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืงืฆืจ: "ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”", ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืจืš ื•ื›ื“'. ื•ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”' ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืคืœื, ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจื” ืœื™ ืืฉืชื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชืขื‘ืจื”.
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืœืš ื›ื™ ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ื–ื” ืžืงืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืจืš ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ืคืงื“ื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืฉื•ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืกืคืง. ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื—ื™ื›ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื•, ื•ื”ื ื” ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืจืš ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ื•ื ืคืงื“ื ื•.
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืฆื˜ืขืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœื ืื™ืชื ื•. ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื•.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”
ืขื•ืœื ื•ืจื•ื“.ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืฆื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื•ื•ืจื•ื“ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื’ ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข?
ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ืœื‘ื ื™ื ืžื•ืชืจ ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื—ืœืง ืžืชื—ืคื•ืฉืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืช.

ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœื”ื™ืชืจ . ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื‘ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืงืœืฃ ื›ืฉืจื”? ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ื”ืงื•ืจืืช ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืจื›ื–ืช ื•ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื”.
ืžื•ืชืจ.

ืชื—ืคื•ืฉืช ื™ืงืจื”. ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืคืฉ ืœืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“, ืื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“?
ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืชื—ืœืง ื’ื ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื...

ืœื‘ืกื•ืžื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื . ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื• ื‘ืข"ืค ืฉื—ื•ื‘ืช ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ืจืง ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื‘?
ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื“ื™ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ.





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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il