ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ื•ื™ืฆื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
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15 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 62 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”

ืžืœืื›ื™ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื•


ืœืžื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”?


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื• ื‘ืื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉืคืข ื›ืœื›ืœื™ "ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึผึถืŸ ืœึฐืšึธ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืžึดื˜ึผึทืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืžึทื ึผึตื™ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐืจึนื‘ ื“ึผึธื’ึธืŸ ื•ึฐืชึดื™ืจืฉื" ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžืช. ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ื›ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืขื ืจื—ืœ "ืœืคื™ ืฉื‘ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ืจื™ืงื ื™ื•ืช. ืืžืจ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืฆืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืื ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœื•ื. ืœืคื™ ืฉืจื“ืฃ ืืœื™ืคื– ื‘ืŸ ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ื• ืœื”ื•ืจื’ื• ื•ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•. ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื’ื“ืœ ืืœื™ืคื– ื‘ื—ื™ืงื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžืฉืš ื™ื“ื•. ืืžืจ ืœื• (ืืœื™ืคื– ืœื™ืขืงื‘) 'ืžื” ืืขืฉื” ืœืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื' ืืžืจ ืœื• ื™ืขืงื‘ 'ื˜ื•ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื•ื”ืขื ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžืช'" (ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ื˜ ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื). ืœืžื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื”?


ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืœื ื—ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžื™ื™ื“, ื’ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืื—ื™ื• ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช. ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืจืš "ื™ึทืขึทื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผืšึธ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ื•ึผ ืœึฐืšึธ ืœึฐืึปืžึผึดื™ื ื”ึฑื•ึตื” ื’ึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืœึฐืึทื—ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ึฒื•ื•ึผ ืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึดืžึผึถืšึธ ืึนืจึฒืจึถื™ืšึธ ืึธืจื•ึผืจ ื•ึผืžึฐื‘ึธืจึฒื›ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ". ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจืง ืื— ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื• ืขืฉื•, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืขืฉื•, ื”ื•ื ื ืืœืฅ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืื—ื™ื• ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื•ืชื• ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”.


ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ


ื’ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืืœื•ืงื™ื ืœื ื—ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“, ื”' ื ื™ืฆื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ "ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึธื‘ึดื™ืšึธ ื•ึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฆึฐื—ึธืง ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึทืชึผึธื” ืฉืึนื›ึตื‘ ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ ืœึฐืšึธ ืึถืชึผึฐื ึถื ึผึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขึถืšึธ" ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื ืืœืฅ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืŸ ืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื, ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืชื‘ืจืš "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื–ึทืจึฐืขึฒืšึธ ื›ึผึทืขึฒืคึทืจ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึผืคึธืจึทืฆึฐืชึผึธ ื™ึธืžึผึธื” ื•ึธืงึตื“ึฐืžึธื” ื•ึฐืฆึธืคึนื ึธื” ื•ึธื ึถื’ึฐื‘ึผึธื” ื•ึฐื ึดื‘ึฐืจึฐื›ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืšึธ ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึฐื—ึนืช ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขึถืšึธ" ื•ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ืืœืฅ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืจื—ืœ 14 ืฉื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ื ื™ื.


ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ืŸ ื‘ื—ืจืŸ


ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ืŸ ืงืฉื” "ื”ึธื™ึดื™ืชึดื™ ื‘ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืึฒื›ึธืœึทื ึดื™ ื—ึนืจึถื‘ ื•ึฐืงึถืจึทื— ื‘ึผึทืœึผึธื™ึฐืœึธื” ื•ึทืชึผึดื“ึผึทื“ ืฉืึฐื ึธืชึดื™ ืžึตืขึตื™ื ึธื™". ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืจืžื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช. "ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ื›ึถืŸ ื”ึตืชึถืœ ื‘ึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึฑืœึดืฃ ืึถืช ืžึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึปืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึถืจึถืช ืžึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื ึฐืชึธื ื•ึน ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ึธืจึทืข ืขึดืžึผึธื“ึดื™" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื). ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืชื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื—ืœ ื•ืœืื” ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื• "ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึตืœึตืšึฐ".


ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืฉื”


ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื™ืขืงื‘, ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ื’ื ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• "ื•ึฐืึถืขึถืฉื‚ึฐืšึธ ืœึฐื’ื•ึนื™ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึธืจึถื›ึฐืšึธ ื•ึทืึฒื’ึทื“ึผึฐืœึธื” ืฉืึฐืžึถืšึธ ื•ึถื”ึฐื™ึตื” ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื”" ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืžื›ืคื™ืœ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” "ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึธื” ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึฒื›ึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึผืžึฐืงึทืœึผึถืœึฐืšึธ ืึธืึนืจ ื•ึฐื ึดื‘ึฐืจึฐื›ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืšึธ ื›ึผึนืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึฐื—ึนืช ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื”" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื‘) ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ. ืœื”ืคืš, ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืฉื ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื’ื ืืช ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื” ืžื•ืงืžื•ืช ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ื• ื ื•ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื”. ื”ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžื›ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ืœืจื“ืช ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ืขื ืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ื” ืืฉืชื• ื ื—ื˜ืคืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ืคืจืขื” ื•ื ื™ืฆืœืช ื‘ื ืก.


ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช


ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืžื” ืฉืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื - ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื”ื. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืื™ืš ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช. ืœืžื” ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืงืœืœื” ื—"ื•. ืœืžื” ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœืคืจื™?


ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ืฉืžืชื”ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื”


ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ื” ืืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ื’ื ืžืฉื” ืจื•ืื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉื ืืžืจื” ืœื• ื‘ืกื ื”. ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ืœื–ืงื ื™ ื”ืขื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” "ื•ื™ืืžืŸ ื”ืขื". ื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื• ืื‘ืœ ื ื•ืฉืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืคืจืขื” ื•ืคืจืขื” ืžื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” "ืชึผึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึทื“ ื”ึธืขึฒื‘ึนื“ึธื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื‘ึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืึทืœ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืขื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื“ึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื” ื˜). ื”ืขื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื• ืฆื•ืขืง ืขืœ ืžืฉื”, "ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ืžืฉืึถื” ืึถืœ ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ ืœึธืžึธื” ื”ึฒืจึตืขึนืชึธื” ืœึธืขึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึธืžึผึธื” ื–ึผึถื” ืฉืึฐืœึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื ึดื™: ื•ึผืžึตืึธื– ื‘ึผึธืืชึดื™ ืึถืœ ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนื” ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึถืšึธ ื”ึตืจึทืข ืœึธืขึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืฆึผึตืœ ืœึนื ื”ึดืฆึผึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผึถืšึธ". ื•ื”' ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื”ืชืจืขืžื• ื›ืฉืจืื• ืฉื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœืคืจื™.


ืžื” ืจืื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื• ืœื ื”ืชืจืขืžื•?


ืกื•ื“ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”


ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื ื”ืชื‘ืจื›ื•, ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช. ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื• ื›ืฉืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจื“ืช ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื•ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืจื™ื, ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื”ื, ื—ื•ื–ืง ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืžืงืœื˜, ื”ืฆื ืจืช, ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ื”ืจื™ืฆื•ืฃ ืขื“ ื”ืคืจื˜ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.


ื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ืคื•ืš ืœื’ืžืจื™. ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœืฆืงืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช, ืžืชืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ืจืง ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืžืชืžืžืฉืช - ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฆืžื•ื“ื” ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืฉืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื“ืจืš. "ืกื•ืฃ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”".


ืกื•ืฃ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”


ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื•. ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืจืช ืื™ืชื ื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืœื”ื ืื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข ืœื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืœืžื˜ื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื’ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื”. ืžืฉื ื”ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื“. "ื•ึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื›ึผึธื‘ึตื“ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื ึถื” ื‘ึผึทื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึผื‘ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื’ ื‘). ื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ืฉืœื— "ืงึทื— ื ึธื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึดืจึฐื›ึธืชึดื™ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึปื‘ึธืืช ืœึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึดื™ ื—ึทื ึผึทื ึดื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึดื™ ื™ึถืฉื ืœึดื™ ื›ึนืœ ื•ื›ื•'".


ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”?


ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ืจืช ืขื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืชืจื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืœืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื” "ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ืš ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”". ื‘ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ื”, ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืขื‘, ืกื“ื•ื, ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืื‘ื™ืžืœืš. ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชืจืขื.


ื›ืžื• ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื›ืš ื’ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืกื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“, ืจืง ื–ืจืขื• ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื•ืš. ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™.


ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” โ€“ ืฉืžื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื, ื‘ืขืฉื™ื” โ€“ ืืจืฅ ืงื•ื“ืžืช


ืืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื˜) ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื‘ืคืจืง ื' ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื• ืชื—ื™ืœื” 'ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืจื ืืœื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ', ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘' ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ื ื‘ืจืืช ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ื•ืฉืžื™ื'? (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ ื“). ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ, ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ื ื ื‘ืจืื• ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ื ื‘ืจืื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”.


ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ื”ืชืคืœื ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื. "ืชืžื™ื” ืื ื™ ืื™ืš ื ื—ืœืงื• ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืืช ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ". ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ. ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ืืžืช. ืจื‘ื™ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื. "ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืžื™ื ืงื“ืžื• ืœืืจืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืืจืฅ ืงื“ืžื” ืœืฉืžื™ื". ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืœืืจืฅ, ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื "ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ืจื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ". ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ื”, ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื, ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืชื›ืœืœื™ื ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืฉืœื ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ "ื‘ื™ื•ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืจืฅ ื•ืฉืžื™ื".




 


ื”ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”


ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ื–ืงื”


ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืžืฉื” ืฉื•ืืœ ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื›ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ื”' ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื• ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”. ื’ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”. ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ื–ืงื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึนึคืืžึถืจ ื”ึ™' ืึถืœึพืžึนืฉืึถึ”ื” ืขึทืชึผึธึฃื” ืชึดืจึฐืึถึ”ื” ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ืึถึฝืขึฑืฉื‚ึถึ–ื” ืœึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึนึ‘ื” ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ื‘ึฐื™ึธึคื“ ื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธื”ึ™ ื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึฐื—ึตึ”ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ึธึฃื“ ื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธึ”ื” ื™ึฐื’ึธืจึฐืฉืึตึ–ื ืžึตืึทืจึฐืฆึฝื•ึน" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื• ื). ืฆืžื“ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื. "ื•ึทืึฒื ึดึฃื™ ื™ึธื“ึทึ”ืขึฐืชึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดึ ื™ ืœึนึฝืึพื™ึดืชึผึตึฅืŸ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถึ›ื ืžึถึฅืœึถืšึฐ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทึ–ื™ึดื ืœึทื”ึฒืœึนึ‘ืšึฐ ื•ึฐืœึนึ–ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธึฅื“ ื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธึฝื”" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื’ ื™ื˜) ื•ื›ืŸ "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื”ึฉ ืœึฐืšึธึจ ืœึฐืึœื•ึนืช ืขึทืœึพื™ึธื“ึฐืšึธึ— ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึดื›ึผึธืจื•ึนืŸึ™ ื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืŸ ืขึตื™ื ึถึ”ื™ืšึธ ืœึฐืžึทึ—ืขึทืŸ ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถึ›ื” ืชึผื•ึนืจึทึฅืช ื”ึ–' ื‘ึผึฐืคึดึ‘ื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึดึšื™ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธึฃื“ ื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธึ”ื” ื”ื•ึนืฆึดึฝืึฒืšึธึฅ ื”ึ–' ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธึฝื™ึดื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื’).


ื–ืจื•ืข ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™


ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื–ืจื•ืข ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”. "ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืกึดื‘ึฐืœึนืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ึดืฆึผึทืœึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึตืขึฒื‘ึนื“ึธืชึธื ื•ึฐื’ึธืึทืœึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ื‘ึผึดื–ึฐืจื•ึนืขึท ื ึฐื˜ื•ึผื™ึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึดืฉืึฐืคึธื˜ึดื™ื ื’ึผึฐื“ึนืœึดื™ื". ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”' ืœื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืœื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. "ืชึผึดืคึผึนืœ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืึตื™ืžึธืชึธื” ื•ึธืคึทื—ึทื“ ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐื“ึนืœ ื–ึฐืจื•ึนืขึฒืšึธ ื™ึดื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืึธื‘ึถืŸ ืขึทื“ ื™ึทืขึฒื‘ึนืจ ืขึทืžึผึฐืšึธ ื”' ืขึทื“ ื™ึทืขึฒื‘ึนืจ ืขึทื ื–ื•ึผ ืงึธื ึดื™ืชึธ: ืชึผึฐื‘ึดืึตืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืชึดื˜ึผึธืขึตืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืจ ื ึทื—ึฒืœึธืชึฐืšึธ ืžึธื›ื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืชึผึฐืšึธ ืคึผึธืขึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ื”' ืžึดืงึผึฐื“ึธืฉื ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ ื›ึผื•ึนื ึฐื ื•ึผ ื™ึธื“ึถื™ืšึธ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื•. ืžืœื‘ื“ ืฉื ื™ ืืœื”, ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืฉืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื). ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”, ืœื ืžื›ื” ืืœื ืžืคื™ืœื” ืคื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื. ืžืจืื” ืœื”ื ืฉื”' ื ืžืฆื ื•ื™ื“ื• ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืคืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื•.


ืจึทื‘ ื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ ืึธืžึทืจ, ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื ึฐื˜ื•ึผื™ึธื” ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ


ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช. ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”:) "ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื—ึทื ึธื ึฐื™ึธื” ื”ึฒื•ึธื” ืงึทืึดื™ ื‘ึตื™ ืงึตื™ืกึธืจ, ืึทื—ึฐื•ึตื™ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืฆึฐื“ื•ึนืงึดื™ - ืขึทืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืึทื”ึฐื“ึผึดืจึดื™ื ึผึฐื”ื•ึผ ืžึธืจึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึฐืึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึดื™ื ึตื™ื”ึผ. ืึทื—ึฐื•ึตื™ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื ึฐื˜ื•ึผื™ึธื” ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ืงึตื™ืกึธืจ ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท, ืžึทืื™ ืึทื—ึฐื•ึตื™ ืœึธืšึฐ? ืขึทืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืึทื”ึทื“ึฐืจึดื™ื ึฐื”ื•ึผ ืžึธืจึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึฐืึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึดื™ื ึผึตื™ื”ึผ. ื•ึทืึฒื ึธื ืžึทื—ึฐื•ึดื™ื ึธื ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื ึฐื˜ื•ึผื™ึธื” ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ".


ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื”ื™ื” ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื‘ืจืžื–ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื™ื ื” ืœืฆื“ื•ืงื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื ื•ืฆืจื™, ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”' ื”ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ื”ืคื ื” ืืช ื’ื‘ื• ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”. ืฉืืœ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื” ืจืžื– ืœืš ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™, ืขื ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœืงื™ืกืจ ืฉื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ืจืžื– ืœื™ ื›ื™ ื”' ื”ืคื ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื’ื‘ื•. ืฉืืœ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืžื” ืจืžื–ืช ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”, ืขื ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”' ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•. ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ืœึฐื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืฆึฐื“ึผื•ึนืงึดื™ ืžึทืื™ ืึทื—ึฐื•ึดื™ืช ืœึตื™ื”ึผ? ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ืขึทืžึธื ื“ึผึฐืึทื”ึฐื“ึผึฐืจึดื™ื ึฐื”ื•ึผ ืžึธืจึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึฐืึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึผืžึทืื™ ืึทื—ึฐื•ึดื™ ืœึธืšึฐ? ืึธืžึทืจ, ืœึธื ื™ึฐื“ึทืขึฒื ึธื. ืึธืžึทืจ, ื’ึผึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืœึธื ื™ึธื“ึทืข ืžึทืื™ ืžึทื—ึฐื•ื•ึผ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืžึธื—ื•ึนื’, ืžึทื—ึฐื•ึตื™ ืงึทืžึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื?! ืึทืคึฐืงื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืงึทื˜ึฐืœื•ึผื”ื•ึผ. ืฉืืœ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ืžื” ืจืžื–ืช ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ืฉื”' ื”ืคื ื” ืœื”ื ืืช ื’ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉืืœ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ืžื” ืจืžื– ืœืš ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื”, ื•ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืข. ื›ืขืก ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ื•ืงื™ ื•ื”ืจื’ ืื•ืชื•.


ื™ื“ื• ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•


ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ืงื‘ืฆื™ื (ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื•) ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื ื’ืœื” ื”' ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืชืคืืจืชื•. "ื•ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื”". ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”' ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืืช ืฉื ืืชื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ื”' ืึถืช ื—ึตืŸ ื”ึธืขึธื ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ื’ึผึทื ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืžืฉืึถื” ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึตื™ ืคึทืจึฐืขึนื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื". (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื ื’). ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืจืื” ืืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื”.


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ ื—ื–ืงื” ื ื™ืกื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืžื›ื” ืืช ืคืจืขื” ื•ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืฉืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ื”' ื ืžืฆื ืคื” ืžืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื, ืœื ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ืฉืŸ. ื•ื‘ื–ืจื•ืขื• ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ืฉืจื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ,


ื’ืื•ืœื” ื ื™ืกื™ืช ื•ื’ืื•ืœื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช


ืื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื


ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”' "ื•ื‘ืžื•ืจื ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€“ ื–ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”". ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”' ืฉื‘ืจื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืชื ื” ื›ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฆืืช ืžืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื”. ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืืช.


ื”ื”ืืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืœืื•ืจื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื. "ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื— ื”ื•ื’ื“ืœ ื–"ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืคืœืชื™ื ื• ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื• ื‘ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืœื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืœื ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ ื”ืžืืฆื™ืœ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืืฉืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื’ ื—ืกื“ื• ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื ืก ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืืœื ืžืืœื™ื•" (ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช - ืคืกื— ื’).


"ื”ื ื” ืœืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืœืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืคืกื— ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืจ ืœื™ืœื™ ื™ื•"ื˜. ื•ื”ื (ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช) ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื' ืฉืœ ืคืกื—. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืœืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื' ืฉืœ ืคืกื—". ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื—: ืื—ื“ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ืื—ื“ ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืžื—ืจืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช, ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื.


ืื—ืจ ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ - ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื—ืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”


ืื—ืจื™ ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื ืœืงื—ื™ื ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื—ืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื”. "ื•ืื—"ื› ืžืกืชืœืงื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื›ืžืชื—ืœื”, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืื—ืจ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘' ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ืขื“ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช" (ืฉืขื”"ื› ืฉื). ื‘ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืžืชื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื“ ื”ื—ื–ืงื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื ื˜ื•ื™ื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื ื•, ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืชื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.


ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”


ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”: ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ืจื’ืช ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ืืœื ื‘ื”ืืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื ื” ืžืฉืžื™ื. "ื•ึธืึถืฉึผื‚ึธื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึทื ึฐืคึตื™ ื ึฐืฉืึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึธืึธื‘ึดื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืึตืœึธื™". ื”ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ "ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข" ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืื•ืชื•. ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื ืืžืจ "ื•ึดื”ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื ืœึดื™ ืกึฐื’ึปืœึผึธื” ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึดื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ: ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืžึทืžึฐืœึถื›ึถืช ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนื™ ืงึธื“ื•ืฉื".


ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืชืœืง, ื•ื’ื ืžืฉื” ืžืกืชืœืง ืžื”ื ืœืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื’ืœ, "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึธื”ึตืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขึทืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืงื•ึผื ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ืœึฐืคึธื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึถื” ืžืฉืึถื” ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืขึฑืœึธื ื•ึผ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึถื” ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน". ื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึผึถื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึถืขึฑืœื•ึผืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื".


ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช. ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•ืฉื•ืœื— ืžืœืืš ืœืคื ื™ื”ื "ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ืžึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ื•ึฐื’ึตืจึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึธืึฑืžึนืจึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึดืชึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึดื–ึผึดื™ ื”ึทื—ึดื•ึผึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึทื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืกึดื™". ืžืฉื” ืžืชืคืœืœ, ื”ืขื ืžืชืคืœืœ, ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช, ืืœื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื ืงื ื” ื‘ืขืžืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื”ื.


ื•ึผืžึฐืœึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื›ึผื•ึผืœึธื”ึผ


ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื“ื. ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืžื• ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”. "ื“ึผึธืจึทืฉื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึทืžึฐืœึทืื™, ืœึฐืžึธื” ื”ึทื•ึผึฐืœึธื“ ื“ึผื•ึนืžึถื” ื‘ึดืžึฐืขึตื™ ืึดืžึผื•ึน? ืœึฐืคึดื ึฐืงึธืก ืฉืึถืžึฐืงึผื•ึผืคึผึธืœ ื•ึผืžื•ึผื ึผึธื— ื•ื›ื•' ื•ึฐื ึตืจ ื“ึผึธืœื•ึผืง ืœื•ึน ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืื•ึน, ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนืคึถื” ื•ึผืžึทื‘ึผึดื™ื˜ ืžึดืกึผื•ึนืฃ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ืขึทื“ ืกื•ึนืคื•ึน ื•ื›ื•' ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืœึฐืšึธ ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืฉืึธืจื•ึผื™ ื‘ึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ ืžึตืื•ึนืชึธืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื•ื›ื•', ื•ึผืžึฐืœึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื›ึผื•ึผืœึธื”ึผ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ, (ืžืฉืœื™ ื“ึผ) 'ื•ึทื™ื•ึนืจึตื ึดื™, ื•ึทื™ึนืืžึถืจ ืœึดื™ ื™ึดืชึฐืžื•ึนืšึฐ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึทื™ ืœึดื‘ึผึถืšึธ ืฉืึฐืžื•ึนืจ ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึนืชึทื™ ื•ึถื—ึทื™ึตื”'. ื•ึฐื›ึตื™ื•ึธืŸ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึธื ืœึทืึฒื•ึดื™ืจ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื‘ึผึธื ืžึทืœึฐืึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืกึฐื˜ึธืจื•ึน ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ื•, ื•ึผืžึฐืฉึผืึทื›ึผึฐื—ื•ึน ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื›ึผื•ึผืœึผึธื”ึผ ื•ื›ื•'".


ื‘ืจื—ื ืื™ืžื• ืื™ืŸ "ืงืœื™ืคื” ืฉืงื•ื“ืžืช ืœืคืจื™". ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืฉื•ื›ื— ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœืžื“, ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื ืœืœื›ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืœืงืจื•ื ืื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”. ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื•. ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืžื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืœืžื•ื“. ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืจื—ื ืื™ืžื• ืžืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” "ื•ึผืžึทื” ื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึธื” ืฉืึถืžึทืฉืึฐื‘ึผึดื™ืขึดื™ื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน? ืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืง ื•ึฐืึทืœ ืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืจึธืฉืึธืข, ื•ึทืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื›ึผื•ึผืœื•ึน ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืœึฐืšึธ, ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืง ืึทืชึผึธื”, ื”ึฑื™ึถื” ื‘ึฐืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึฐืจึธืฉืึธืข, ื•ึฐื”ึถื•ึตื™ ื™ื•ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฉืึถื”ึทืงึผึธื“ื•ึนืฉื ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ, ื•ึผืžึฐืฉืึธืจึฐืชึธื™ื• ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื, ื•ึผื ึฐืฉืึธืžึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผึธืชึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืšึธ ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึธื” ื”ึดื™ื, ืึดื ืึทืชึผึธื” ืžึฐืฉึผืึทืžึฐืจึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื˜ึทื”ึฒืจึธื” - ืžื•ึผื˜ึธื‘. ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื• - ื”ึฒืจึตื™ื ึดื™ ื ื•ึนื˜ึฐืœึธื”ึผ ืžึดืžึผึฐืšึธ" (ื ื“ื” ืœ:). ืžื›ืืŸ ื ืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื˜ื•ืขื” ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื ื• ืžืขืช ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”.


ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” โ€“ ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื ืคื™ืœื” ื•ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช


ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข


ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื‘ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ื ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืืช ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ื‘ื ืก ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ืขื ืชื•ืงืข ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื ืก. "ื•ึทื™ึผึธืจึทืข ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐืงึฐืขื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืฉืึผึนืคึธืจื•ึนืช ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื›ึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ื”ึธืขึธื ืึถืช ืงื•ึนืœ ื”ึทืฉืึผื•ึนืคึธืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืจึดื™ืขื•ึผ ื”ึธืขึธื ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืขึธื” ื’ึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ื•ึทืชึผึดืคึผึนืœ ื”ึทื—ื•ึนืžึธื” ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจึธื” ืึดื™ืฉื ื ึถื’ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื›ึผึฐื“ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ" (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•).


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืขึฒืœื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึทืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึทื—ึตืจึถื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืขึธื›ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื›ึผึทืจึฐืžึดื™ ื‘ึถืŸ ื–ึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ ื‘ึถืŸ ื–ึถืจึทื— ืœึฐืžึทื˜ึผึตื” ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึตืจึถื ื•ึทื™ึผึดื—ึทืจ ืึทืฃ ื”' ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืื™ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขื ื”ืขื™. ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื”' ืจื•ืื” ืฉืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื‘. "ืึธื– ื™ึดื‘ึฐื ึถื” ื™ึฐื”ื•ืฉืึปืขึท ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืจ ืขึตื™ื‘ึธืœ: ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ืžืฉืึถื” ืขึถื‘ึถื“ ื”' ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึทื›ึผึธืชื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืกึตืคึถืจ ืชึผื•ึนืจึทืช ืžืฉืึถื” ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึทื— ืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื ืฉืึฐืœึตืžื•ึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ื”ึตื ึดื™ืฃ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื‘ึผึทืจึฐื–ึถืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืœื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืขึนืœื•ึนืช ืœื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึผ ืฉืึฐืœึธืžึดื™ื".


ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืขื–ืจื ื•ื ื—ืžื™ื”


ื›ืžื• ืคืจืขื” ื’ื ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืžืฆื”ื™ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ื’ืื•ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ื•ึผื‘ึดืฉืึฐื ึทืช ืึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐื›ื•ึนืจึถืฉื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืคึผึธืจึทืก ืœึดื›ึฐืœื•ึนืช ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื™ึดืจึฐืžึฐื™ึธื” ื”ึตืขึดื™ืจ ื”' ืึถืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื›ึผึนืจึถืฉื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืคึผึธืจึทืก ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื‘ึถืจ ืงื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืชื•ึน ื•ึฐื’ึทื ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื›ึฐืชึผึธื‘ ืœึตืืžึนืจ: ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื›ึผึนืจึถืฉื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืคึผึธืจึทืก ื›ึผึนืœ ืžึทืžึฐืœึฐื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื ึธืชึทืŸ ืœึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื”ึทืฉืึผึธืžึธื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืคึธืงึทื“ ืขึธืœึทื™ ืœึดื‘ึฐื ื•ึนืช ืœื•ึน ื‘ึทื™ึดืช ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึดื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”" (ืขื–ืจื ื). ื”ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”' ืฉื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ืจื•ื— ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ืžื›ื•ื— ื”ื”ื›ืจื–ื” ื”ื–ื• ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื“ืœืช ื”ืขื "ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืงึผึธื”ึธืœ ื›ึผึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืจึดื‘ึผื•ึนื ืึทืœึฐืคึผึทื™ึดื ืฉืึฐืœืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึดืฉืึผึดื™ื" (ืขื–ืจื ื‘). ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื•ื ืขืฆืจื™ื. ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฆื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืขืœื™ื”. ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ื ืื—ืฉื•ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืขื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.


ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜ ืžืชื—ื–ืง. ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืคื™ืง ืžืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืœื“ืจื•ื•ื™ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื” ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืงึผึธื”ึธืœ ื”ึทืฉืึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉืึผึฐื‘ึดื™ ืกึปื›ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื‘ึทืกึผึปื›ึผื•ึนืช ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึผ ืžึดื™ืžึตื™ ื™ึตืฉืื•ึผืขึท ื‘ึผึดืŸ ื ื•ึผืŸ ื›ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื•ึทืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืžึฐืึนื“" (ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื—).


ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ


ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ืœื” ืืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื—ืœื™ืฉื” ืืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืฉืชื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื "ืœืš ืขืฉื™ืช ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžืš". ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. "ืึถืช ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึธืจึทืชึผึดื™ ืึดืชึผึฐื›ึถื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ืขึนืžึถื“ึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ึฐื›ึถื ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึธืื•ึผ". ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืชื‘ื ื• ื™ืจืขื™ืฉ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื "ื•ึฐื”ึดืจึฐืขึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึธืื•ึผ ื—ึถืžึฐื“ึผึทืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื•ึผืžึดืœึผึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื›ึผึธื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช". ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื‘ื ื™ ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ ื™ืขืฉื• ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. "ืœึดื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึฐืœึดื™ ื”ึทื–ึผึธื”ึธื‘ ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช: ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืึถืชึผึตืŸ ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช".


ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•


ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ


ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืžื›ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ื™ืชื ื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืœืš ื’ื•ืจื’' ื•ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ, ื”ื ืจืื• ื‘ื–ื” ืื•ืช ืžืฉืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ.


ื•ืขื™ื“ืช ืกืŸ ืจืžื•


ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืชื›ื ืกื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฆื—ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื” ืกืืŸ ืจืžื• ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื‘ืœืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืฉื ืช 1921 ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืจืืฉ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืœืงืจื•ืข ืืช ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื ืชืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื“ืืœืœื” ืžืœืš ื™ืจื“ืŸ.


ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืกื•ืจื ื•ืคืจืกืžื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืคืจื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื ืงื ื™ืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช. ื”ื ืจื“ืคื• ืื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืคื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืฉืื• ื ื™ืฆื•ืœื™ ืฉื•ืื” ื•ื”ื’ืœื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช. ืžืžืฉ ื”ืชื”ืคื›ื• ืœืจืข, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื• ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื ื—ืœืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื•. ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจ ื•ื ืœื—ื ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžืื“ืžืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืจืขื™ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืื•ืชื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืื•ืจ ืืœื•ืงื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื ื’ืœื” ื•ื ื›ืกื” ื•ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื ื•. ืื•ืกืคื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ืชืคื–ืจื• ื•ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื™ืื™ืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืืžืŸ.


ืกื™ืคื•ืจ


ื”ืจืื ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช!


ืกื™ืคืจ ื‘ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื: ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื›"ืž ื ื›ื ืก ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืคืกื—. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช 'ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื™ืขืงื‘' ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืœืœ ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืฉืชื• ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ืžื™ ืฆืืชื ื• ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžื™ื›ื” (ืคืจืง ื–' ื˜"ื•): "ื›ึผึดื™ืžึตื™ ืฆึตืืชึฐืšึธ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืึทืจึฐืึถื ึผื•ึผ ื ึดืคึฐืœึธืื•ึนืช". ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื–"ืœ: "ืขืฉื” ืคืœื ืขื ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื‘ื ื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื›ื™ืžื™ ืฆืืชืš ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืืจืื ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช'. ืืจืื ื• ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœืื‘ื•ืช. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืคืœื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืขื ืื‘ื•ืช". ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ืจืฉืชื• ื‘ืฉืื’ืช ืืจื™ โ€“ 'ื”ืจืื ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช! ื”ืจืื ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช!'. ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ืœื–ืขืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.


ื ืฆืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื™, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื—ื’ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื—ื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืขืœ ืžื“ืจืฉื™ ื—ื–"ืœ. ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื ืงื‘ืข ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื•ืื‘ื ื ืฉืืจ ืขืจ. ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืืžืจ ืœืืžื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื–ืขื™ืง ืขื–ืจื”. ื”ื•ื–ืขืง ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก ื•ืื—ื™ ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื ืก ืฉื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ื• ื ื—ืจื“ ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื”. ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืœื ื•: "ืœ'ื”ื“ืกื” ืขื™ืŸ ื›ืจื' ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื’ื™ืข ื—ื™, ื ื™ืกืข ืœ'ืฉืขืจื™ ืฆื“ืง'".


ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื›ื ืก ืœืฆื™ื ืชื•ืจ ื•ืื—"ื› ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขืงืคื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘. ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ืžื”ืชืจื“ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—, ืจืžื– ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžืืœ. ืื ื™ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ืœืžื™ื˜ืชื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™: 'ืืชื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื™ืกื™ื. ืืœ ืชืชืจืฉื ืžื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช, ื–ื” ืจืคืœืงืกื™ื'. ืืš ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื ืžืกืžืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•. ื”ืชืงืจื‘ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ืช ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื™: 'ืืœ ืชื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืขืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื•ื'.


ื”ืชืขืœืžืชื™ ื•ืฉืืœืชื™: 'ืื‘ื, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืš ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื?' ืื‘ื™ ื”ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืงื”. ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืืฉืจ. ื—ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ื•ืื– ื ื˜ืœื ื• ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื•ืช. ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”'ืจืคืœืงืกื™ื' ืคืกืงื•...


(ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื‘)


ื”ืจื‘ ืคืกืง: ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื’ืื•ืœื”


ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื”ืื™ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžืช ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื›ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืืช ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’, ืืœื ืฉื’ืจื ื”ื—ื˜ื (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆื“). ืื ื›ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื›ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’. ืกื‘ืœื ื• ืžืกืคื™ืง.


ื”ืจื‘ ืกื™ืคืจ ื›ื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ืœืง ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืœื—ืžืช ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’ ืขื•ื“ ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ืžื™ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืžื’ื•ื’ โ€“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ื•, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืชื” โ€“ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื”.


ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื›ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืื• ื›ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืกืง ื”ืœื›ื•ืช. ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืกืง, ื•ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”, ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื•ืกืงื™ ื”ืœื›ื”, ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื’ืื•ืœื”.


(ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ "ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš")


ืฉืืœื•ืช


ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื ืขืœื™ื™ื”. ื”ืื ื‘ืืžืช ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืขืœื™ื™ื”?


ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืืจืฅ, ืื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื‘ืื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืื•ืชื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ.


 


ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืขื”. ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช "ื’ื•ืืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืœื‘ืจื›ืช "ืžืฆืžื™ื— ืงืจืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืขื”"? ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™, ื•ื’ืื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉื•ืขื”.


ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื”, ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช "ื’ื•ืืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืžื”ืฆืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืคืจื ืกื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช "ืžืฆืžื™ื— ืงืจืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืขื”" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื–ืจืข ื“ื•ื“.


 


ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื• ื ื•ื”ื’. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืžืฉ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ื”ืžืœื›ืช ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ืช. ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืกืชื“ืจ?


ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืคืกืง ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืขื•ืœื ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื• ื ื•ื”ื’, ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื–ื“ื›ืš ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ืขืช ืชื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจืžื—"ืœ.


 


ืื ื™ ืืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื™"ื“ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ,ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืื”ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ,ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช,ื•ื›ื•'.ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืžืฉ ื ื‘ื ื™ืช ืงื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื‘ืคืชื—. ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื‘ืจื” ืฉื ื” ื•ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ืื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ - ืžืชืืจื’ื ืช  ืœืื–ื›ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืœืฉื‘ืช ื—ืชืŸ - ื•ืื™ืŸ ื—ืชืŸ. ืฆื•ื‘ ืœื™ ื ื•ืจื, ื’ืขื’ื•ืข ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ, ื•ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื ืกื“ืงืช ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™.ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื”ืชื ื—ื ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ืจื•ืฆื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืžืชืจื—ืงืช ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืžื™ืฆื™ื.


ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืœืงื•ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ื“"ืจ ืขื™ื“ื• ืœื™ื‘ืจืžืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืžืฆื ืฉ-35% ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ืจื•ื‘ื• ืžื”ืฉืžืืœ ืžืจื›ื–. 51% ืžื”ืขื ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืžื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื—ืงืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืจื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ. ืœืคื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžื” ืฉืžื—ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื–ื• ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื•. ื”' ืขืžื›ื.

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