ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ
  • ื‘ืœืง
undefined
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 61 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”

ืฉื ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื โ€“ ืฉื ืช ื”ืžื”ืคืš
ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื”ืคืš, ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื ืขื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืขื ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื‘ืขื ื”ื›ื ืขื ื™ "ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื›ึผึฐื’ึนื‘ึทื”ึผ ืึฒืจึธื–ึดื™ื ื’ึผึธื‘ึฐื”ื•ึน ื•ึฐื—ึธืกึนืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ื›ึผึธืึทืœึผื•ึนื ึดื™ื ื•ึธืึทืฉืึฐืžึดื™ื“ ืคึผึดืจึฐื™ื•ึน ืžึดืžึผึทืขึทืœ ื•ึฐืฉืึธืจึธืฉืึธื™ื• ืžึดืชึผึธื—ึทืช" (ืขืžื•ืก ื‘). ืžืขื ืฉืขื ื ืจื’ืœ ืฉืžืคื—ื“ ืžื—ืจื•ืช ืœืขื ืฉืžื— ืฉืฉืจ ืœื”' ื•ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ืกื“ื™ื•.
ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืœืš ืขืจื“ ื•ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื. ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉืจืคื™ื ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ืžื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื. ืžื›ืจื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืœืš ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ ื•ืขื•ื’ ืžืœืš ื”ื‘ืฉืŸ. ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืืช ืขืจื‘ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ืœืขื ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ืกื.
ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœืขื ืฉืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื”. ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ืงืจ ื•ื›ื•ืื‘. ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉืœื‘ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืžืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ืžืฉื” ื•ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ืฉืขืจื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืืชื’ืจื™ื”.
ื‘ืœืง ื•ื‘ืœืขื - ืžืื‘ืง ืขื•ืœืžื™
ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ื”ื™ื ืงืœื™ืคื” ืงืฉื”. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื”ื ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื ื• "ืœึนื ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืขึทืžึผื•ึนื ึดื™ ื•ึผืžื•ึนืึธื‘ึดื™ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐื”ึทืœ ื”' ื’ึผึทื ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ืœึนื ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืœึธื”ึถื ื‘ึผึดืงึฐื”ึทืœ ื”' ืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื " ื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ืงืœื™ืคืช ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื” ื”ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื.
ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” "ืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ืงึดื“ึผึฐืžื•ึผ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ื‘ึผึทืœึผึถื—ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึทื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื" ืœื ืขืฉื• ื—ืกื“ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืœื—ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืœื•ื˜ ืื‘ื™ื”ื. "ื•ึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉื‚ึธื›ึทืจ ืขึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ืžึดืคึผึฐืชื•ึนืจ ืึฒืจึทื ื ึทื”ึฒืจึทื™ึดื ืœึฐืงึทืœึฐืœึถืšึผึธ: ื•ึฐืœึนื ืึธื‘ึธื” ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึทื”ึฒืคึนืšึฐ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืœึผึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื”ึทืงึผึฐืœึธืœึธื” ืœึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืึฒื”ึตื‘ึฐืšึธ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ" ืœื›ืŸ ืชืชืจื—ืงื• ืžื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื "ืœึนื ืชึดื“ึฐืจืฉื ืฉืึฐืœึนืžึธื ื•ึฐื˜ึนื‘ึธืชึธื ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึธืžึถื™ืšึธ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื’).

ืคื ื—ืก โ€“ ื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืช ืขื•ืœื

ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืžื“ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื—ืก ืฉื ืœื—ื ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ื–ื›ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืช ืขื•ืœื. "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืœึผื•ึน ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ื›ึผึฐื”ึปื ึผึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืงึดื ึผึตื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึฐื›ึทืคึผึตืจ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื”). ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืืจื‘ืข ืขืฉืจื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื—ืœื•ืงืชื” ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื’ื“ ื•ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึธื”ึฒืœื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึดืœึนื” ืœึทืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึทืฆึผึธื‘ึธื". ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืจ ื—ื•ื–ืจ " ื”ึทืžึฐืขึทื˜ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ืขึฒื•ึนืŸ ืคึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืœึนื ื”ึดื˜ึผึทื”ึทืจึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื”ึทื ึผึถื’ึถืฃ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื“ึทืช ื”'" (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื‘).
ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืžืื“ื•ื
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืชื•ืขื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื’ืจืžื• ืœื ื• ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืื“ื•ืžื™ื. ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืœึนื ืชึฐืชึทืขึตื‘ ืึฒื“ึนืžึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึธื—ึดื™ืšึธ ื”ื•ึผื ืœึนื ืชึฐืชึทืขึตื‘ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึตืจ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ืชึธ ื‘ึฐืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึน: ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื•ึผึธืœึฐื“ื•ึผ ืœึธื”ึถื ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™ ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืœึธื”ึถื ื‘ึผึดืงึฐื”ึทืœ ื”'". ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืžื—ื˜ื™ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจื’ื•. ืฉื”ื•ืจื“ื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืœื–ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช.
ื›ึผึดื™ ืžื•ึนืึธื‘ ื›ึผึดืกึฐื“ึนื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึทืขึฒืžึนืจึธื”
ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื•ื ื—ื˜ื ื›ืคื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื ืžืขื™ืŸ ืจืขื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื’ืžื•ืœ ื—ืกื“ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืขืฉื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืœื•ื˜ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืžื™ื“ ืืจื‘ืขืช ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ. ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืฆืคื ื™ื” (ื‘) ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ื ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื”. " ืœึธื›ึตืŸ ื—ึทื™ ืึธื ึดื™ ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึดื™ ืžื•ึนืึธื‘ ื›ึผึดืกึฐื“ึนื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึทืขึฒืžึนืจึธื” ืžึดืžึฐืฉืึทืง ื—ึธืจื•ึผืœ ื•ึผืžึดื›ึฐืจึตื” ืžึถืœึทื— ื•ึผืฉืึฐืžึธืžึธื” ืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืฉืึฐืึตืจึดื™ืช ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื‘ึธื–ึผื•ึผื ื•ึฐื™ึถืชึถืจ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื™ ื™ึดื ึฐื—ึธืœื•ึผื". ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื—ืกื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ื—ืจื• ืœื™ื—ืก ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื” - ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ื“ื™ื ื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืกื“ื•ื ื•ืขืžื•ืจื”.
โ€ƒ
ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื–ืงื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื• ืคืขื•ืจ - ื™ืžืฆื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ื ื›ื ืข

ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืจ ืœื‘ืœ ื™ืจื™ื ืจืืฉ ืœืงื˜ืจื’ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืงืœื™ืคืช ื‘ืœืขื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืžืฉื” "ื•ึฐืœึนื ืงึธื ื ึธื‘ึดื™ื ืขื•ึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึฐืžืฉืึถื”. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืงึธื" ื•ืฉืžื• ื‘ืœืขื. "ืžึฐื˜ื•ึผื ึผึธืฃ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผึดื ึผื•ึนืคึถืช" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืช ืžื“. ืื“ืจืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“). ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉื” ืžืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืจ "ื•ึฐื–ึนืืช ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉื‚ึธื ืžืฉืึถื” ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ", "ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื‘ึถืจ ื”ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึทื™ึฐื ืžื•ึผืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืคึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื•ื›ื•'" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“).
ืฉืืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• "ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื ืงื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” ืืฆืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืจ? ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืคืขื•ืจ" (ืกื•ื˜ื” ื™ื“). ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืžืœื”ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ "ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืจ ืœื‘ืœ ื™ืจื™ื ืจืืฉ ืœืงื˜ืจื’ ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" (ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ ื›ื˜). "ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื–ืงื•ืฃ ืจืืฉื• ืคืขื•ืจ - ื™ืžืฆื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืฉื” ื•ื ื›ื ืข" (ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“).
ื‘ืขื’ืœ ื ืคืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืคื” ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืืœืฃ
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืขื ื•ืืžืจื• "ื•ืชืงืจืืŸ ืœืขื ื•ื™ืฆืžื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืจ" - ื›ืฆืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื• (ื—ื˜ื ืฉืฆืžื•ื“ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ). ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืฉื” ืžืฉืœ ืขื’ืœ ื“ืืœื• ื‘ืขื’ืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื) 'ื•ื™ืชืคืจืงื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขื' ื•ื›ืืŸ 'ื•ื™ืฆืžื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ' ื›ืฆืžื™ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืขื’ืœ ื ืคืœื• ื›ืฉืœืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ื•ื›ืืŸ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ืืœืฃ" (ืžื“ืจืฉ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ื‘ืœืง - ืคืจืง ื™ื—). ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขืจื‘ ืจื‘, ืืœื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืงืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื›ืš ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื ืงืžื” "ืฆึธืจื•ึนืจ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดื“ึฐื™ึธื ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึดื›ึผึดื™ืชึถื ืื•ึนืชึธื" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื”). ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืœื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืงืžื” ืงื•ืฆืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉื”. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืฆึนืฃ ืžืฉืึถื” ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐืงื•ึผื“ึตื™ ื”ึถื—ึธื™ึดืœ ืฉื‚ึธืจึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒืœึธืคึดื™ื ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืžึผึตืื•ึนืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืึดื™ื ืžึดืฆึผึฐื‘ึธื ื”ึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื). ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื•ืกื•ืคื™. ื‘ืœืง ื•ื‘ืœืขื ืžืชืื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืœื–ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘ ื•ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ.
ืฉื™ื ืงืœื™ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืœืขื โ€“ ืžื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉื”
ื‘ืœืง ื•ื‘ืœืขื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื ืคื™ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืงืœื™ืคืช ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืกื•ื ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื—). ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื›ื ืชื ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื–ื• "ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึฐืžึทืข ืึถืœ ื”ึทื—ึปืงึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตื“ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ืชึผึดื—ึฐื™ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึธืืชึถื ื•ึดื™ืจึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ืึฒื‘ึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ื ึนืชึตืŸ ืœึธื›ึถื". ืชืจืื• ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืืœื” ืฉื ืคืœื• ื‘ืงืœื™ืคืช ื‘ืœืขื "ืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื›ึถื ื”ึธืจึนืื•ึนืช ืึตืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”' ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึทืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึธืœึทืšึฐ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื‘ึทืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐืขื•ึนืจ ื”ึดืฉืึฐืžึดื™ื“ื•ึน ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืžึดืงึผึดืจึฐื‘ึผึถืšึธ" ืœืขื•ืžืชื ื”ืžื•ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึตืงึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ื›ึผึปืœึผึฐื›ึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“).
ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืžื ืกื” ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื ืกื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื” ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื–ื•ืช ืžืฆื— ืžืจื•ืฉืขืช. ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืคื•ืกื—ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืœืงืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ืœื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช. ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืชืžื™ื ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืœื‘ ืืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืžื›ื•ืœื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืขืฅ ื‘ืœืขื, ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.
ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื ื—ืฉ?

ืฆืจืฆื•ืจื™ ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ื ื™
ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืจ ื•ื”ืงืœืœื•ืช ืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœืžื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืกืจืช ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืื™ืชื ืขื“ ืขื•ืœื. ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื”ื ื•ืจื ื”ื–ื”? ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืงื•/ื) ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืกืคืจืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืฉื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื—ื˜ื.
"ืืžืจ ืœื”ื, ืืœื”ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืืœื• ืฉื•ื ื ื–ื™ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ื ืžืชืื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœื™ ืคืฉืชืŸ ื‘ื•ื ื•ืืฉื™ืืš ืขืฆื” ืขืฉื” ืœื”ืŸ ืงืœืขื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื–ื•ื ื•ืช, ื–ืงื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื™ืœื“ื” ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื. ื•ื™ืžื›ืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ืคืฉืชืŸ ืขืฉื” ืœื”ืŸ ืงืœืขื™ื ืžื”ืจ ืฉืœื’ ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื–ืงื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื™ืœื“ื” ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื. ื•ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืง. ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ื”ื–ืงื™ื ื” ืื™ ืืชื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื›ืœื™ ืคืฉืชืŸ? ื–ืงื™ื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื” ื•ื™ืœื“ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช (ื‘ื–ื•ืœ) ืฉืชื™ื ื•ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื. ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ื”ืจื™ ืืช ื›ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžืš (ืชืื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื”). ื•ืฆืจืฆื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ื ื™ ืžื•ื ื— ืืฆืœื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืืกืจ ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ื ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื›ืจื™ื".
ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขืจ ื‘ื• ื›ืจื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื™ื ื”
ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ " ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฆืจืฆื•ืจ ืžืœื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงืฉื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืคืชื” ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืœื–ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื” ืจื™ื—ื• ืžืคืขืคืข. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืืกืจ ื™ื™ื ืŸ, ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืกืš ืฉืœ ื ื›ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื• ืจืฆื•ื ืš ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื›ื•ืก ื™ื™ืŸ? ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื” ื”ื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืชื”. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขืจ ื‘ื• ื›ืจื™ืกื” ืฉืœ ื—ื›ื™ื ื”" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘) ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ: ื›ืืจืก ืฉืœ ื ื—ืฉ.
ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื˜
ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืื’ื“ื•ืช ืฉื "ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ื ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ". ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื—ื˜ื™ืื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื˜ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืœื–ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžื—ื˜ื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘ ื•ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื–ื ื•ืช. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื’ืจืกื "ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืืกืจ ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื•ื ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ื›ืจื™ื". ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื”ืคืœืื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืคื” ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœื–ื ื•ืช. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื—ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขื•ื ืฉื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžื•ืื‘ื™ื.
ืœื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืžืœืš ืขืžื•ืŸ ื ืงืจื ื ื—ืฉ
ื ึธื—ึธืฉื ืžืœืš ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืฆืจ ืขึทืœ ื™ึธื‘ึตืฉื ื’ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื“, ืื ืฉื™ ื™ื‘ืฉ ื’ืœืขื“ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื• "ื›ึผึฐืจึธืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืจึดื™ืช ื•ึฐื ึทืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึถืšึผึธ". ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืš ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืชื ืื™ ืžืฉืคื™ืœ "ื‘ึผึฐื–ึนืืช ืึถื›ึฐืจึนืช ืœึธื›ึถื ื‘ึผึดื ึฐืงื•ึนืจ ืœึธื›ึถื ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึตื™ืŸ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึทืžึฐืชึผึดื™ื”ึธ ื—ึถืจึฐืคึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ื™ื) ืฉืื•ืœ, ืฉื”ื•ืžืœืš ื–ื” ืขืชื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืžืœื›ื•ืชื•, ืฉื•ืžืข ืืช ื”ื—ืจืคื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ืžื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืก ื—ืจื•ื.
ื•ึทื™ึผึทืžึฐืœึดื›ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ืึถืช ืฉืึธืื•ึผืœ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”'
ืฉืื•ืœ ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื ื‘ืฉืœืฉื” ืจืืฉื™ื™ื "ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื”ึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืึทืฉืึฐืžึนืจึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผื•ึผ ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึทื“ ื—ึนื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื”ึทื ึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืคึปืฆื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึฒืจื•ึผ ื‘ึธื ืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ื™ึธื—ึทื“". ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืžื•ืงืžืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืœ "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึฐื›ื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืžึฐืœึดื›ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ืึถืช ืฉืึธืื•ึผืœ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ื–ึฐื‘ึธื—ึดื™ื ืฉืึฐืœึธืžึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึทื— ืฉืึธื ืฉืึธืื•ึผืœ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทื“ ืžึฐืึนื“". ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื“ื•ื“.
ื“ื•ื“ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืจืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื ืกืชืจืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืื‘ ื•ืขืžื•ืŸ
ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืจืžื•ืช ืืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื ืœืฆื™ื“ื•. "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืžึธืช ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืžึฐืœึนืšึฐ ื—ึธื ื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื™ื•: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืึถืขึฑืฉื‚ึถื” ื—ึถืกึถื“ ืขึดื ื—ึธื ื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื ึธื—ึธืฉื ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืึธื‘ึดื™ื• ืขึดืžึผึธื“ึดื™ ื—ึถืกึถื“ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืœึฐื ึทื—ึฒืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื“ ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืึถืœ ืึธื‘ึดื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึตื™ ื“ึธื•ึดื“ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ". ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ื ื—ืฉ? ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืจื— ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืœื— ื“ื•ื“ ืืช ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื• ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืœื”ืกืชืชืจ ืืฆืœ ืžืœืš ืžื•ืื‘. ื•ื”ืจื’ื ืžืœืš ืžื•ืื‘, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ืจื— ื•ื ืžืœื˜ ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืืฆืœ ื ื—ืฉ (ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ืคืจืง ื™ ืคืกื•ืง ื‘). ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืื‘.
ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืœื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ ื“ื•ื“
ืืœ ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืขื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ืช. "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืฉื‚ึธืจึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืึถืœ ื—ึธื ื•ึผืŸ ืึฒื“ึนื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื”ึทืžึฐื›ึทื‘ึผึตื“ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืึถืช ืึธื‘ึดื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืœึทื— ืœึฐืšึธ ืžึฐื ึทื—ึฒืžึดื™ื? ื”ึฒืœื•ึนื ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึผืจ ื—ึฒืงื•ึนืจ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึผืœึฐืจึทื’ึผึฐืœึธื”ึผ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึธืคึฐื›ึธื”ึผ ืฉืึธืœึทื— ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืึถืช ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ื—ึธื ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึตื™ ื“ึธื•ึดื“ ื•ึทื™ึฐื’ึทืœึผึทื— ืึถืช ื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ื–ึฐืงึธื ึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึดื›ึฐืจึนืช ืึถืช ืžึทื“ึฐื•ึตื™ื”ึถื ื‘ึผึทื—ึตืฆึดื™ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึฐืชื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึทื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึฐื—ึตื" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื™). ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื— ืื•ืชื ื—ืฆื™ ืขืจื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืœื ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืœ ืืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืœื ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืžื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ืš ืœืขื•ืœื
ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื“"ืง ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื "ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื“ืช ืจื—ืžื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื–ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ืืขืฉื” ื—ืกื“ ืขื ื—ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื•', ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ 'ื•ื™ืงื— ื—ื ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื’ื•'. ื•ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขื ืืจื‘ืข ืื•ืžื•ืช; ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืืจื ืฆื•ื‘ื ื•ืื™ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžืœืš ืžืขื›ื”. ืžื™ ื’ืจื ืœื• ืœื“ื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื–ื”? ืฉื‘ืงืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืžื™ ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” 'ืœื ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืžื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื'. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื“ื•ื“: ืืชื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืชื™? ืื ื™ ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืœื ืชื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืžื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืขืžื”ื ื—ืกื“? ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ืื“ื ืžื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ืคืจืฉื” ื›ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”).
ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื™ืชื ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ื ื•ืžืื—ื•ืจ "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ื™ื•ึนืึธื‘ ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ืžึดืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึตืึธื—ื•ึนืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึทืจ ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึผืจึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืจึนืšึฐ ืœึดืงึฐืจึทืืช ืึฒืจึธื". ืžื—ื–ืง ื™ื•ืื‘ ืืช ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ "ื—ึฒื–ึทืง ื•ึฐื ึดืชึฐื—ึทื–ึผึทืง ื‘ึผึฐืขึทื“ ืขึทืžึผึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึทื“ ืขึธืจึตื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ื”' ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึธื™ื•". ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื ื•ืคืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื‘ื—ื˜ื ืื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ืชื™. "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึทืข ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื“ึธื•ึดื“ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื”'".
ื•ึฐืึนืชื•ึน ื”ึธืจึทื’ึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึถืจึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ
ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืคืœ ื‘ืงืœื™ืคืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ. "ืžึทื“ึผื•ึผืขึท ื‘ึผึธื–ึดื™ืชึธ ืึถืช ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืจึทืข ื‘ึผึฐืขึตื™ื ึทื™. ืึตืช ืื•ึผืจึดื™ึผึธื” ื”ึทื—ึดืชึผึดื™ ื”ึดื›ึผึดื™ืชึธ ื‘ึทื—ึถืจึถื‘, ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึน ืœึธืงึทื—ึฐืชึผึธ ืœึผึฐืšึธ ืœึฐืึดืฉืึผึธื” ื•ึฐืึนืชื•ึน ื”ึธืจึทื’ึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึถืจึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ: ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ืœึนื ืชึธืกื•ึผืจ ื—ึถืจึถื‘ ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืชึฐืšึธ ืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืขึตืงึถื‘ ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐื–ึดืชึธื ึดื™ ื•ึทืชึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึถืช ืึตืฉืึถืช ืื•ึผืจึดื™ึผึธื” ื”ึทื—ึดืชึผึดื™ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืœึฐืšึธ ืœึฐืึดืฉืึผึธื”" ืฉืงืœื™ืคื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืงืœื™ืคืช ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ. ืืžื ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืžื ืฆื—ื ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ.
ืงืœื™ืคืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ โ€“ ืžื”ื ื—ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™

ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœื”ื ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขื ืžื•ืื‘. ืฉืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืื‘ื™ื ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” "ืืœ ืชืฆืจ ืืช ืžื•ืื‘ ื•ืืœ ืชืชื’ืจ ื‘ื ืžืœื—ืžื”" ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ื ืืžืจ "ื•ืงืจื‘ืช ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ืืœ ืชืฆื•ืจื ื•ืืœ ืชืชื’ืจ ื‘ื". ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืื‘ื™ื ื ืืกืจื” ืจืง ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ืœืžืœื—ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœืฉืขื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ืืกื•ืจ ืฉื•ื ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“, ืœื ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” (ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ื“ืฃ ืœื—/ื‘).
ื™ื‘ืง โ€“ ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•
ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื›ื™ ืขื– ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ. ื›ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉื›ืฉื”ื›ื• ืืช ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื ืขื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ื™ื‘ืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ "ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผึตื”ื•ึผ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐืคึดื™ ื—ึธืจึถื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื™ืจึทืฉื ืึถืช ืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึน ืžึตืึทืจึฐื ึนืŸ ืขึทื“ ื™ึทื‘ึผึนืง ืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทื– ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื ื›ื“). ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื‘ืง ื ืœื—ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•, ื•ื ื’ืข ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื• ื•ืชืงืข ื›ืฃ ื™ืจืš ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื”ืื‘ืงื• ืขืžื•, ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื’ื™ื“ ื”ื ืฉื” ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”. ืฉืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื”ืจ ืžืžื ื” ืžืื•ื“.
ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ - ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ ืงืœื™ืคืช ื”ื ื™ืื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื’
ืขืžื•ืŸ ืžืืžืฆืช ื’ื ืืช ืงืœื™ืคืช ืขื•ื’ ืžืœืš ื”ื‘ืฉืŸ. "ื›ึผึดื™ ืจึทืง ืขื•ึนื’ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืฉืึธืŸ ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืžึดื™ึผึถืชึถืจ ื”ึธืจึฐืคึธืึดื™ื ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืขึทืจึฐืฉื‚ื•ึน ืขึถืจึถืฉื‚ ื‘ึผึทืจึฐื–ึถืœ ื”ึฒืœึนื” ื”ึดื•ื ื‘ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึทืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืชึผึตืฉืึทืข ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ืึธืจึฐื›ึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ืจึธื—ึฐื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืึทืžึผึทืช ืึดื™ืฉื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’) ื•ืขื•ื’ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ. ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”' ืึตืœึทื™ ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึธื ืึนืชื•ึน". ื”ื ืœืžื“ืช ืฉืžืฉื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืขื•ื’, ื•ื”' ืขื–ืจื• ื•ื ืฆื—ื•.
ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคืช ืขื•ื’ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ. "ื›ื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืงืœื™ืคืช ืชืื•ื” ื•ื ื™ืื•ืฃ ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ื›ืžืืžืจ ื–ื•ื”"ืง (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืงืคื“) ื“ืคื’ื™ื ื‘ื”ื”ื•ื ืื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช" (ืžื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื— ื—"ื - ืคืจืฉืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื) ืฉื—ืžื“ ืขื•ื’ ืืช ืฉืจื” ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื•ื™ืจืฉื• ื”ืขืžื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื–ื•.
ืขืžื•ืŸ ื“ืจื’ื ื“ืืชื›ืกื™ื™ื
ืืœื ืฉื”ื ื™ืื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ื—ื˜ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืจ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื›ื™ืกืชื” ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœืชื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ืžืื‘ื™ื”. "ื™ื™ืŸ ืืฉืงื™ืื• ืœื™ื” ื‘ื ืชื™ื”, ื•ืื•ืœื™ื“ื• ื‘ื”ื• ืชืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื™ืŸ, ื—ื“ ืืงืจื™ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื“ ืืงืจื™ ืžื•ืื‘, ื—ื“ ื‘ืืชื’ืœื™ื ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืืชื›ืกื™ื". โ€“ "ื“ื ืืžืจืช ื‘ืŸ ืขืžื™ ื‘ืจื ืื™ืช ืœื™ ืžืขืžื™, ื•ืœื ืืžืจืช ืžืžืืŸ ื”ื•ื, ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ื” ื‘ืืชื›ืกื™ื, ื“ื ืืžืจืช ืžื•ืื‘, ืžืื‘ ื”ื•ื ื“ื ื, ืžืื‘ื ืื•ืœื™ื“ืช ืœื™ื”, ื“ืจื’ื ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ืคืขื•ืจ ืžืœื” ื‘ืืชื’ืœื™ื. ื•ื‘ืชืจื™ืŸ ืืœื™ืŸ ืื—ื™ื“ ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื, ื“ืœื‘ืชืจ ืžืŸ ืžื•ืื‘ ืืชืช ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืคืง ืžื ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื".
ืขืžื•ืŸ โ€“ ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ ืงืœื™ืคืช ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™
ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ื”ื ืื—ื–ืช ืฉื ื ืงืจืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ื”ื ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืฆื” ื ื—ืฉ ืœื ืงืจ "ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึตื™ืŸ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึทืžึฐืชึผึดื™ื”ึธ ื—ึถืจึฐืคึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ืขืœ ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืขืžื•ืก (ื) "ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึธื” ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืขึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ืœึนื ืึฒืฉืึดื™ื‘ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึธื ื”ึธืจื•ึนืช ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื“ ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ื”ึทืจึฐื—ึดื™ื‘ ืึถืช ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึธื". ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืงืขื™ื ื‘ื˜ื ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. (ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื). ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื ืœื—ืžื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื•ื ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืจึฐืขึฒืฆื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึฐืจึนืฆึฐืฆื•ึผ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™). ืฉืœื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืขื ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื.
ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื™ืคืชื— ื”ื’ืœืขื“ื™
ื™ืคืชื— ืžื ืฆื— ืืช ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ื ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•. "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื‘ึนืจ ื™ึดืคึฐืชึผึธื— ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐื”ึดืœึผึธื—ึถื ื‘ึผึธื". ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื” ืื•ืชื " ืžึทื›ึผึธื” ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ืžึฐืึนื“ ื•ึทื™ึผึดื›ึผึธื ึฐืขื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ืขื ื–ืืช ื ื“ื‘ืงืช ื‘ื• ื”ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจื’ ืืช ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ื™ึดืคึฐืชึผึธื— ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐืคึผึธื” ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืชื•ึน ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื‘ึดืชึผื•ึน ื™ึนืฆึตืืช ืœึดืงึฐืจึธืืชื•ึน ื‘ึฐืชึปืคึผึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึดืžึฐื—ึนืœื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืจึทืง ื”ึดื™ื ื™ึฐื—ึดื™ื“ึธื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึตืŸ ืื•ึน ื‘ึทืช" (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื). ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืืคืจื™ื ื‘ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืœื•ึน ืึฑืžึธืจ ื ึธื ืฉืึดื‘ึผึนืœึถืช ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืกึดื‘ึผึนืœึถืช ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึธื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื›ึผึตืŸ, ื•ึทื™ึผึนืื—ึฒื–ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐื—ึธื˜ื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ืึถืœ ืžึทืขึฐื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึนืช ื”ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื“ึผึตืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึผึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึตืช ื”ึทื”ึดื™ื ืžึตืึถืคึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึผืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืึธืœึถืฃ" (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื™ื‘).
ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ื˜ื”ืจื• ื‘ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืคืคื ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ื˜ื”ืจื• ื‘ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ". ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื” ื”ืžื˜ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืžืœืš ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื—ืœืง ืžืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืื‘. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืฉื ื• ืžืžื ื• ื•ืœืงื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ืืช ื—ืฆื™ ืืจืฆื ืœื ื—ืœื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืœึธื”ึถื ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœ ื™ึทืขึฐื–ึตืจ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐืขึธื“ ื•ึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึทื“ ืขึฒืจื•ึนืขึตืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึธื”" (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™ื’) ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื ืฉืืจ ืœื ื• ืœื˜ื”ืจ ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืขื˜ืจืช ืžืœื›ื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
ื”ึถืŸ ืขึธื ื›ึผึฐืœึธื‘ึดื™ื ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึทืึฒืจึดื™ ื™ึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื

ืขื˜ืจืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“
ื“ื•ื“ ืžื ืฆื— ืืช ืขืžื•ืŸ. "ื•ึทื™ึผึถืึฑืกึนืฃ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ืจึทื‘ึผึธืชึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึถื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื›ึผึฐื“ึธื”ึผ: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึถืช ืขึฒื˜ึถืจึถืช ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื ืžึตืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืื•ึน ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืงึธืœึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึดื›ึผึทืจ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ื•ึฐืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื™ึฐืงึธืจึธื” ื•ึทืชึผึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉื ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึทืœ ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึดื™ื ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื” ืžึฐืึนื“: ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื”ื•ึนืฆึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉื‚ึถื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึฐื’ึตืจึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึทื—ึฒืจึดืฆึตื™ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืจึฐื–ึถืœ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทื’ึฐื–ึฐืจึนืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืจึฐื–ึถืœ ื•ึฐื”ึถืขึฑื‘ึดื™ืจ ืื•ึนืชึธื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทืœึฐื‘ึผึตืŸ ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึฐื›ึนืœ ืขึธืจึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืขึทืžึผื•ึนืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื™ื‘).
ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื•ืืœืช (ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื“ืฃ ืžื“ ืขืžื•ื“ ื) "ื•ืžื™ ืฉืจื™? ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ื ื™ื ื”ื•! ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื ื—ืžืŸ: ืื™ืชื™ ื”ื’ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื”. ืžืฉืงืœื” ื›ื›ืจ ื–ื”ื‘, ื”ื™ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ ืžื ื— ืœื”? ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘: ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื ื•ื— ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื“ื•ื“. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื ื™ื ื ืืžืจ: ืื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืื‘ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื” ื“ื”ื•ืช ื“ืจื ืœื”. ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืืžืจ: ืื‘ืŸ ื™ืงืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื” ืฉืฉื•ื” ื›ื›ืจ ื–ื”ื‘". (ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืขื˜ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืขืžื•ืŸ "ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึฐื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื’ึธื“ ืึถืช ื“ึผึดื™ื‘ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืขึฒื˜ึธืจึนืช ื•ึฐืึตืช ืขึฒืจึนืขึตืจ: ื•ึฐืึถืช ืขึทื˜ึฐืจึนืช ืฉืื•ึนืคึธืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื™ึทืขึฐื–ึตืจ ึฐื™ึธื’ึฐื‘ึผึฐื”ึธื”" - ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื‘ ื•ืจืื” ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™ื’ ื›ื“).
ืžืชื•ื›ื ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืœืงื™ื—ืช ื”ืขื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืžื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื•ืื‘ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื— ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“. ืจืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืชืจ ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืœื•ื˜ ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืฉื›ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืงื•ืžื”. "ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืืžืจ, ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื“ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืงื‘"ื” ืœืื•ืงืžื ืžื™ื ื” ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ืžืœื›ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืœื›ื ืžืฉื™ื—ื, ืชื• ื•ื‘ืงื•ืžื”, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืช (ืจื•ืช ื’ ื™ื“) ื•ืชืงื ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื›ื™ืจ ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืจืขื”ื• ื•ื’ื•', ื•ื‘ื”ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื ื”ื•ื” ืœื” ืงื™ืžื”, ื•ื“ืื™" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื•ื™ืจื ืงื™). ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืžื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” 'ืขื˜ืจืช ืžืœื›ื', ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืขื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฉื ื ืื—ื–ืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื” ืฉืžืชื ื’ื“ืช ืœืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“. (ืื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ื ื—"ื‘ - ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื—ืœื•ื ื“ื ื™ืืœ).
ื•ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืขืžืžื™ืŸ ืกื’ื™ืื™ืŸ
ืœื›ืŸ ื ืจืžื–ื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื‘ืœืขื ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื. "ื™ึดื–ึผึทืœ ืžึทื™ึดื ืžึดื“ึผึธืœึฐื™ึธื• ื•ึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐืžึทื™ึดื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึธืจึนื ืžึตืึฒื’ึทื’ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผื•ึน ื•ึฐืชึดื ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึตื ืžึทืœึฐื›ึปืชื•ึน" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืคืจืง ื›ื“ ื–) ื•ืชืจื’ื ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก "ื™ืกื’ื™ ืžืœื›ื ื“ื™ืชืจื‘ื ืžื‘ื ื•ื”ื™ ื•ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืขืžืžื™ืŸ ืกื’ื™ืื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืชืงื•ืฃ ืžืื’ื’ ืžืœื›ื” ื•ืชืชื ื˜ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื”". ื™ื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื™ืชืจื‘ื” ืžื‘ื ื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืขืžื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื™ืชื—ื–ืง ืžืื’ื’ ืžืœื›ื•, ื•ืชืชื ืฉื ืžืœื›ื•ืชื•. ื•ืžื” ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ืžืคื•ืงืคืงืช ืฉืœ ืื’ื’? ืฉื”ื•ื "ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’ื•ื™ื" - ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืœืง ืฉื”ื›ื• ืžืœื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืกื™ื—ื•ืŸ. ืขื•ื’, ืžื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ื™ืขื–ืจ. ื’ืœืขื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืžื ืฉื”. ื—ื•ื•ืช ื™ืื™ืจ ืข"ื™ ื™ืื™ืจ ื‘ืŸ ืžื ืฉื”. ืงื ืช ื•ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ื‘ื—). ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืฆื—ื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืžืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื•ื ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืข ื—ื–ื™ืชื•ืช.
ื•ึฐืชึดื ึผึทืฉึผื‚ึตื ืžึทืœึฐื›ึปืชื•ึน
ื•ืžื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžืžืœืš? ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. " ื™ึทื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ, ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ืจึทืง ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืจ ืžึทืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื” ืขื•ึนืžึถื“ึถืช ืœึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžึธื”ึผ ื™ึทื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื›ื™ ืื ืจื•ึผื—ื•ึน ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื›ึผึนื—ึท ืจื•ึนื“ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐื›ื•ึนื‘ึตืฉื ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื”ึทืžึผึธืœึตื ื“ึผึตืขึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึตื›ึถืœ, ื•ึฐื›ึปืœึผึธื ื™ึทื›ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผ, ื›ึผึดื™ ืื•ึนืจ ื—ึทื™ึผึตื™ ื”ึทืฆึผึถื“ึถืง, ื–ึถืจึทืข ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืœื•ึนื ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ืžึปื ึผึธื— ื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืฆึทืจ ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืฉืึถืœ ืชึผื•ึนืจึทืช ื“' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ. ืึธื– ื™ึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึผื‚ึตื ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื’ึธืื•ึนืŸ ื“' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทืœ ืชึผึทืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึผืชึธื ืฉืึถืœ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื, ื•ึฐื“ึธื‘ึธืจ ื–ึถื” ื™ึฐืขื•ึนืจึตืจ ืงึดื ึฐืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืœึตื‘ ื’ึผื•ึนื’ ื•ึผืžึธื’ื•ึนื’ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื (ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื”, ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื—"ื‘, ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื”, ื—"ื, ืขืž' ืจืœื‘).
ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— - ื™ึธืจื•ึผื ื•ึฐื ึดืฉื‚ึผึธื ื•ึฐื’ึธื‘ึทื”ึผ ืžึฐืึนื“
ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชื ืฉืื•ืช "ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื™ึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผึดื™ ื™ึธืจื•ึผื ื•ึฐื ึดืฉื‚ึผึธื ื•ึฐื’ึธื‘ึทื”ึผ ืžึฐืึนื“ " (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื ื‘). ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœ ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”' ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชื ืฉืื•ืช. "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื ึธื›ื•ึนืŸ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึทืจ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”' ื‘ึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ื”ึถื”ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐื ึดืฉื‚ึผึธื ืžึดื’ึผึฐื‘ึธืขื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื ึธื”ึฒืจื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื‘') ืฉื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื ืฉื ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ " ื”ึถืŸ ืขึธื ื›ึผึฐืœึธื‘ึดื™ื ื™ึธืงื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึทืึฒืจึดื™ ื™ึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื " (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื’). ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžื”' " ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึธื ื•ึฐื ึดืฉื‚ึผึธื ืฉืึนื›ึตืŸ ืขึทื“ ื•ึฐืงึธื“ื•ืฉื ืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ืžึธืจื•ึนื ื•ึฐืงึธื“ื•ืฉื ืึถืฉืึฐื›ึผื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื“ึผึทื›ึผึธื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืคึทืœ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื™ื•ึนืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท ืฉืึฐืคึธืœึดื™ื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื™ื•ึนืช ืœึตื‘ ื ึดื“ึฐื›ึผึธืึดื™ื".

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ

ื”ืงื•ืจื ืคืœืงืก ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ื™ื”
ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ืชื’ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ื”ื•ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื™ื“ืข ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืžืกืชืชืจืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืœื›ื”. ืœื ืคืขื ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœื•ืช, ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืขื ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืืกื•ืŸ.
ืชืžื•ื ื”
ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืฉืืœ ื’ื ืขื ื”: ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืขื›ื•"ื. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ื–ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืขื ื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช โ€“ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืžืœืžืขืœื” ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืขื ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื. ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื” โ€“ ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืžื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืื›ืœื•ืช ืืœื•.
ืกื™ืคืจ ื‘ื ื•, ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื•: ืคืขื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื•ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื ื• ืงื•ืจื ืคืœืงืก ืœืืจื•ื—ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื™ืฉื‘ ืฉื ืจื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืื” ืœืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื™ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื•ืืช ืžืœื›ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ื™ื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืžื•ื˜ื‘ืข ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžืื›ืœ ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื•ื”ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ืจื‘ ืžืจืื” ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืฉื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ืžื•ื“ืคืก ืขืœ ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ื”ืงื•ืจื ืคืœืงืก, ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืื›ืœ ื–ื”.
ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ืื ื›ืš, ื”ืงื•ืจื ืคืœืงืก ื”ื–ื” ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ืขื›ื•"ื. ืืžืจ ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ืจื‘: ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™ ืœื ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืงื•ืจื ืคืœืงืก ื‘ืืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืขื›ื•"ื. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘: ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืŸ? ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื ื• ืžืื•ืชื• ืžืื›ืœ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื–ื” ื ืืกืจ ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืžืื›ืœื™ ืขื›ื•"ื. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžืœื›ื™ื.
(ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื, ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื‘)

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื•ืจื– ื•ื”ื™ื™ืŸ
ืคืขื ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขื ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืœื• ืื•ืจื– ืœืื›ื•ืœ. ื”ืจื‘ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืคืฆื™ืจื• ื‘ื• ืจื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ื•ืข ืื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœื™, ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืžื–ืœื’ ื‘ื™ื“ ื•ื—ืฆื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื– ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื•ืœืขืช.
ื›ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ืชื•ืœืขืช, ืืžืจ ืœื™: ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื›ืฉืจ. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ืื“ื ื ื–ื”ืจ ืžืœืžื˜ื” โ€“ ืื–ื™ ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”. ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื•: ืื™ืš ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื? ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืžืชืื•ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืื•ืชื• ืื•ื›ืœ. ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืœื•.





ืฉืืœื•ืช

ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ื• ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืชื™ ืื ื˜ื™ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื›ืคื™ืฉ ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืชื™ ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืก ืขื•ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืขืจื›ื™ื”, ื•ืžื›ืคื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”ืดืœ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื™ ื”ื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืคืจืกืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืžืกืจ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื‘ืจื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืคื” ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืฆืจื” ื›ืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืืฆืœื, ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื•ืœื‘ื•ืฉืชื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืขืœื•ื ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื“ืคื™ืกื™ื ืืช ืขืœื•ื ื ื‘ื“ืคื•ืก ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืฉืืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ื–ื” ื•ืœืคืจื ืก ืื•ืชื•, ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืื• ื‘ื”ื“ืคืกื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ืฉืœื• ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช? ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื ื’ื“ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืื• ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื”?

ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื”ื“ืคืกื•ืช ืฉืžื“ืคื™ืกื™ื ืืฆืœื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื•ืืช ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ืช ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืจืขื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืœืจืขื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉืงืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื•ืœื ื ื‘ืจืื•. ื•ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ืชื•ืขื‘ื”. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื“ืคื™ืก ืืฆืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ืืฆืœื.




ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il