ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ื—ื ื•ื›ื”
  • ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืจืื™ ื“ื•ืจื ื•
undefined
15 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื“ ืžืื•ื“ โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ื ืก ื•ืœืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื”ืฉื
ื’ื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื โ€“ ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ
ืจื•ึนืžึฐืžื•ึนืช ืึตืœ ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐืจื•ึนื ึธื ื•ึฐื—ึถืจึถื‘ ืคึผึดึฝื™ืคึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ึธื
ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืœื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืขื–ื™ ื ืคืฉ ืฉื”ื›ื ื™ืขื• ืืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื”ื ืจืžื•ื– ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืืžืจ ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ: "ื”ึทึฅืœึฐืœื•ึผื™ึธึจื”ึผื€ ืฉืึดึฃื™ืจื•ึผ ืœึทึญึฝื”' ืฉืึดึฃื™ืจ ื—ึธื“ึธึ‘ืฉื ืชึผึฐึื”ึดืœึผึธืชึ—ื•ึน ื‘ึผึดืงึฐื”ึทึฅืœ ื—ึฒืกึดื™ื“ึดึฝื™ื". ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืฉื’ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื ืœื—ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ? "ืจื•ึนืžึฐืžึฃื•ึนืช ืึตึญืœ ื‘ึผึดื’ึฐืจื•ึนื ึธึ‘ื ื•ึฐื—ึถึ–ืจึถื‘ ืคึผึดึฝื™ืคึดื™ึผึฃื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื“ึธึฝื: ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึฃื•ึนืช ื ึฐึญืงึธืžึธื” ื‘ึผึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดึ‘ื ืชึผึึฝื•ึนื›ึตื—ึนึ—ืช ื‘ึผึทืœึพืึปืžึผึดึฝื™ื: ืœึถืึฐืกึนึฃืจ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ื”ึถึฃื ื‘ึผึฐื–ึดืงึผึดึ‘ื™ื ื•ึฐึื ึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถึ—ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทื‘ึฐืœึตึฅื™ ื‘ึทืจึฐื–ึถึฝืœ: ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึคื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธื”ึถึจืื€ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธึฌื˜ ื›ึผึธืชึ—ื•ึผื‘ ื”ึธื“ึธึฃืจ ื”ึญื•ึผื ืœึฐื›ึธืœึพื—ึฒืกึดื™ื“ึธึ—ื™ื• ื”ึทึฝืœึฐืœื•ึผึพื™ึธึฝื”ึผ" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืžื˜).
ืฉืึดื™ืจ ื—ึธื“ึธืฉื ืึธืฉืึดื™ืจึธื” ืœึผึธืšึฐ
ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• "ืึฑึฝืœึนื”ึดึ—ื™ื ืฉืึดึฃื™ืจ ื—ึธึญื“ึธืฉื ืึธืฉืึดึฃื™ืจึธื” ืœึผึธึ‘ืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตึฅื‘ึถืœ ืขึธึืฉื‚ึ—ื•ึนืจ ืึฒื–ึทืžึผึฐืจึธื”ึพืœึผึธึฝืšึฐ" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืžื“, ื˜), ื›ื™ "ื‘ึผึธึฎืจึคื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ึจ'ื€ ืฆื•ึผืจึดึ—ื™ ื”ึทึฝืžึฐืœึทืžึผึตึฃื“ ื™ึธื“ึทึฃื™ ืœึทืงึฐืจึธึ‘ื‘ ืึถึืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึทึ—ื™ ืœึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธึฝื”" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืžื“, ื). ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ืœื—ื ื•ืžื ืฆื— ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื–ื—ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืœื’ืื•ื•ื”, ื›ื™ ื”' ื”ื•ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื–ื” "ื‘ึผึฐืจึฃื•ึนืง ื‘ึผึธึญืจึธืง ื•ึผืชึฐืคึดื™ืฆึตึ‘ื ืฉืึฐืœึทึฅื— ื—ึดึืฆึผึถึ—ื™ืšึธ ื•ึผืชึฐื”ึปืžึผึตึฝื: ืฉืึฐืœึทึฅื— ื™ึธื“ึถึ—ื™ืšึธ ืžึดืžึผึธึซืจึฅื•ึนื ืคึผึฐืฆึตึฃื ึดื™ ื•ึฐึญื”ึทืฆึผึดื™ืœึตื ึดื™ ืžึดืžึผึทึฃื™ึดื ืจึทื‘ึผึดึ‘ื™ื ืžึดึื™ึผึทึ—ื“ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตึฃื™ ื ึตื›ึธึฝืจ" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืžื“, ื•-ื–).

ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื›ึฐืชื•ึผื‘ึธื” ืขึทืœ ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธืจ
ื•ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื™ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ? ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืœ ื”ืžืœืš ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆื‘ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. "ื•ึฐื—ึธืจึธืฉืึ™ ืœึนึฃื ื™ึดืžึผึธืฆึตึ”ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนึ–ืœ ืึถึฃืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ‘ืœ ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพืืžืจ ืึธืžึฐืจึฃื•ึผ ืคึฐืœึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดึ”ื™ื ืคึผึถึšืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึฃื•ึผ ื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดึ”ื™ื ื—ึถึ–ืจึถื‘ ืึฅื•ึน ื—ึฒื ึดึฝื™ืช" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื ืคืจืง ื™ื’, ื™ื˜). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื”ืคืœืฉืชื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ื›ืชืจืชื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ•ืืžึถืจ ืœึฐืœึทืžึผึตึฅื“ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตึฝื™ึพื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธึ–ื” ืงึธึ‘ืฉืึถืช ื”ึดื ึผึตึฅื” ื›ึฐืชื•ึผื‘ึธึ–ื” ืขึทืœึพืกึตึฅืคึถืจ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธึฝืจ" (ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ ื, ื™ื—). ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจ, ื”ืœื•ื ื”ื•ื ืกืคืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉืฉื ืคืขืœื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื• ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืขื“ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื ืœื—ื ื‘ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื "ื ืฉื™ื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืืชื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•".

ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™
ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื’ื ืืฆืœ ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื–ืžื ื ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื—ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื•ืช ืžืคื—ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื•ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื”ื ื›ืฉื ืฉืขืฉื• ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื•, ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ืื• ื‘ืžืขืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืžืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื”ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื (ืฉื‘ืช ืก ืข"ื).
ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื, ื•ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื ื ื˜ื‘ื—ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื›ืœืœ. ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืœื ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื ืฉืง ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื‘ื•ื“ื”.

ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ - ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื
ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขึท ื”ึทื ึผึตืก ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทื— ื”ึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน
ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: "ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึทืช ื ึตืจ ื—ึฒื ึปื›ึผึธื” ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื—ึฒื‘ึดื™ื‘ึธื” ื”ึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื•ึฐืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื”ึดื–ึผึธื”ึตืจ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึดื™ืขึท ื”ึทื ึผึตืก ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทื— ื”ึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื ึผึดืกึผึดื™ื ืฉืึถืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ, ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ืžึทื” ื™ึผึนืื›ึทืœ ืึถืœึผึธื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึฐื“ึธืงึธื” ืฉืื•ึนืึตืœ ืื•ึน ืžื•ึนื›ึตืจ ื›ึผึฐืกื•ึผืชื•ึน ื•ึฐืœื•ึนืงึตื—ึท ืฉืึถืžึถืŸ ื•ึฐื ึตืจื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึทื“ึฐืœึดื™ืง" (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื“ ื™ื‘). ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืžืื•ื“. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื”ื ืก ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื, ืฉื–ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื›ืœ.

ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก
ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื "ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทื— ื”ึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึธื™ึธื” ืœื•ึน" ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืžื“ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืกืชืคืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืœืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืืžื™ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื ืกื™ื. ืื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ืก ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืœืœ. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” "ื•ื™ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื”ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืœืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืœืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ, ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืจื‘ื”" (ื›ื—). ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืช ืชืคืืจืช ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ืจืš.

ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ืœืœ โ€“ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืคื•
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื— (ืชืจืขื• ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืคื•. ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืฉืœื™ื— ืฉื™ื“ืœื™ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื• ืœื ื ืžืฆื. ืื‘ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ื›ืžื• ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ืœืœ, ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—.

ื—ื ื•ื›ื” - ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžืš
ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืก ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื•ืจื™ื
ื‘"ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื" ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืž"ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื" ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉืฉืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื•ื“. ืื—ื“ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ืคืขื ืื—ืช, "ื•ึฐื ื•ึนื“ึถื” ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืกึถืœึธื”". ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืœึฐืšึธ ืขึธืฉึนึดื™ืชึธ ืฉืึตื ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื•ึฐืงึธื“ื•ึนืฉื ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืœึธืžึธืšึฐ. ื•ึผืœึฐืขึทืžึผึฐืšึธ ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึธืฉึนึดื™ืชึธ ืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึธื” ื’ึฐื“ื•ึนืœึธื” ื•ึผืคึปืจึฐืงึธืŸ ื›ึผึฐื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”".
ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื: "ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืžึธืจึฐื“ึผึณื›ึทื™ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึฐืฉืึธืžึฐืขื•ึน ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืžึธืจึฐื“ึผึณื›ึทื™ ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐื’ึธื“ื•ึนืœ", ืžืžื ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืก ืขื•ืœืžื™. ืขื ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘"ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื".

ื•ื”ึดืจึฐืขึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื
ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื—ื’ื™ (ื‘) ืžืชืืจ ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™: "ื•ึฐื”ึดืจึฐืขึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื". ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืชืจื’ืฉื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื•ืช ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ื‘ืฉืžื ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืœื ื”ื–ื”. "ื•ึผื‘ึธืื•ึผ ื—ึถืžึฐื“ึผึทืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื". ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ื ื™ืจืื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ืฆื™ืคื• ืœื•, ื”ื ื™ืจื—ืฉื• ืœื• ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ: "ื•ึผืžึดืœึผึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื›ึผึธื‘ื•ึนื“, ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช". ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื ืชื ื• ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš, ืฉื‘ื ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื: "ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื›ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช. ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืึถืชึผึตืŸ ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช". ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ (ื—ื’ื™ ื‘ ื•) ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืฆืžืช-ื”ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื ืจื™ืกืง ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืคื ืชื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืืœ ืืžืช ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืืฉืจ ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื”
ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื”ืœืœ ืฉืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ื ืก ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืœืœ ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก. "ืžึธึฝื”ึพืึธืฉืึดึฅื™ื‘ ืœึทื”ึ‘' ื›ึผึธึฝืœึพืชึผึทื’ึฐืžื•ึผืœึฅื•ึนื”ึดื™ ืขึธืœึธึฝื™: ื›ึผื•ึนืกึพื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึฅื•ึนืช ืึถืฉึผื‚ึธึ‘ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืฉืึตึ–ื ื”ึฃ' ืึถืงึฐืจึธึฝื: ื ึฐึญื“ึธืจึทื™ ืœึทื”ึฃ' ืึฒืฉืึทืœึผึตึ‘ื ื ึถื’ึฐื“ึธื”ึพื ึผึธึึ—ื ืœึฐื›ึธืœึพืขึทืžึผึฝื•ึน" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื–). ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื "ื”ึทืœึฐืœื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”' ื›ึผึธืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึปืžึผึดื™ื" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืงื™ื–). ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ื ืก ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”' ืœืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงืฉืจ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘"ื™ื”ื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“" ืฉื’ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืก ืขื•ืœืžื™: "ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ื”' ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื. ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืžึทื— ื”' ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉึนึธื™ื•: ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืฉืึตื ื”' ืžึฐื‘ึนืจึธืšึฐ. ืžึตืขึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื: ืžึดืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึทื— ืฉืึถืžึถืฉื ืขึทื“ ืžึฐื‘ื•ึนืื•ึน. ืžึฐื”ึปืœึผึธืœ ืฉืึตื ื”'" ื•ื›ื•'. ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ื“ืจืš ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ื”ืืจืฅ "ื”' ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึธืขึถื“. ืึธื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผ ื’ื•ึนื™ึดื ืžึตืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึน" ื•ื›ืŸ "ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึธื—ึทืจ ื”' ื‘ึผึฐืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ. ืึดื•ึผึธื” ืœึฐืžื•ึนืฉืึธื‘ ืœื•ึน: ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื‘ึผึธื—ึทืจ ืœื•ึน ื™ึธื”ึผ. ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึดืกึฐื’ึปืœึธืชื•ึน: ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื™ึดื˜ึผึนืฉื ื”' ืขึทืžึผื•ึน. ื•ึฐื ึทื—ึฒืœึธืชื•ึน ืœึนื ื™ึทืขึฒื–ึนื‘" ื•ื›ื•'.

ื ืจื•ืช ืžืื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ
ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืขืžื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื’ื ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ืื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ืžื•ืกืงื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ืขื ื ืฉื™ื ืืจื”"ื‘. ื”ื ืก ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืข"ื–. ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ืคืš ืฉืœ ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืขื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื.


ื”ืžืœื›ืช ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื โ€“ ื“ืจืš ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช

ื•ึฐืงึตืจึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ
ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ื›ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื”ืžืœื›ืช ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ "ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ืจื‘ื• ื™ืžื™ื›ื ื•ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื ื™ื›ื ืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”". ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' "ื•ึฐืงึตืจึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืœึฐื™ึทื—ึถื“ึฐืšึธ ืœึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื” ืึถืช ืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ, ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”' ื”ึทื‘ึผื•ึนื—ึตืจ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืžึผื•ึน ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื”". ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื ืžืชื•ืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช "ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึนืจ ืขื•ึนืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืžึตืขึทืœ ืฆึทื•ึผึธืืจึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนืœึดื™ื›ึตื ื•ึผ ืžึฐื”ึตืจึธื” ืงื•ึนืžึฐืžึดื™ึผื•ึผืช ืœึฐืึทืจึฐืฆึตื ื•ึผ". ืœื ืœื—ื™ื ื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืฉืžืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ" ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื. ื›ื™ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืžืžื–ืจื— ืฉืžืฉ ืขื“ ืžื‘ื•ืื•.

ืœึฐืžึทืขึทื ึฐืšึธ ืึฑืœึนื”ึทื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทืœ ืขึดื™ืจึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืขึทืžึผึถืšึธ
ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœื›ืช ื”ืฉื ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื ื™ื›ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘"ืœึฐืžึทืขึทื ึฐืšึธ ืึฑืœึนื”ึทื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื ึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทืœ ืขึดื™ืจึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืขึทืžึผึถืšึธ" ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ื‘"ื•ึฐืงึทื™ึผึตื ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฉืึถื”ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฆึฐืคึทื ึฐื™ึธื” ื—ื•ึนื–ึธืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืึธืžื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึธืขึตืช ื”ึทื”ึดื™ื ืึธื‘ึดื™ื ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึธืขึตืช ืงึทื‘ึผึฐืฆึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื. ื›ึผึดื™ ืึถืชึผึตืŸ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืœึฐืฉืึตื ื•ึฐืœึดืชึฐื”ึดืœึผึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ืขึทืžึผึตื™ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึดื™ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื›ึถื ืึธืžึทืจ ื”'". ื•ื›ื•ืœื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.

ืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึฐืžึธืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืœึธืžึธืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ืขึทื ืžึฐืงึทื“ึผึฐืฉืึตื™ ืฉืึฐืžึถืšึธ
ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืžื•ืœ ื’ื“ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื "ื”ึฒืœึนื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึนืจึดื™ื ื›ึผึฐืึทื™ึดืŸ ืœึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ. ื•ึฐืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื›ึผึฐืœึนื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ" ื•ื›ื•'. ืื™ืœื•ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืจืช ื‘ื ื• ื›ืฆืืฆืื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ื” "ืฉืึถืžึผึตืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธืชึฐืšึธ ืฉืึถืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื•ึผืžึดืฉึผึดืžึฐื—ึธืชึฐืšึธ ืฉืึถืฉึผึธืžึทื—ึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืงึธืจึธืืชึธ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึดื™ืฉืึปืจื•ึผืŸ". ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉืžืš ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื "ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ืึฒื ึทื—ึฐื ื•ึผ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืœึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐื—ึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืœึฐืคึธืึฒืจึธืšึฐ ื•ึผืœึฐืจื•ึนืžึฐืžึธืšึฐ ื•ึฐืœึดืชึผึตืŸ ืฉืึดื™ืจ ืฉืึถื‘ึทื— ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนื“ึธืึธื” ืœึฐืฉืึดืžึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ".
ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš. "ืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึฐืžึธืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืœึธืžึธืšึฐ ืขึทืœ ืขึทื ืžึฐืงึทื“ึผึฐืฉืึตื™ ืฉืึฐืžึถืšึธ. ื•ึผื‘ึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึฐืšึธ ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืชึผึธืจื•ึผื ื•ึฐืชึทื’ึฐื‘ึผึดื™ื”ึผึท ืงึทืจึฐื ึตื ื•ึผ. ื•ึฐืชื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึตื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืงึธืจื•ึนื‘ ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ืฉืึฐืžึถืšึธ. ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ึทืžึฐืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ื‘ึธืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื". ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช "ืงึทื‘ึผึตืฅ ื ึฐืคื•ึผืฆื•ึนืช ืงึนื•ึถื™ืšึธ ืžึตืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื›ึผึทื ึฐืคื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ. ื™ึทื›ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื•ึฐื™ึตื“ึฐืขื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื‘ึผึธืึตื™ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผึฐืšึธ ืœึฐื›ึนืœ ืžึทืžึฐืœึฐื›ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ".

ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืฉืžืขื™ื
ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืฉืžืขื• ืœืขื•ืœื
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืจืื™ ืฉืžื™ื. ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืฉืžืขื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื "ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื™ึฐื”ึตื ืึธื“ึธื ื™ึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึทืกึผึตืชึถืจ ื›ึผึฐื‘ึทื’ึผึธืœื•ึผื™". ื”ื™ื ื ืืžืจืช ื›ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืขืงื™ื“ืช ื™ืฆื—ืง ืฉื‘ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ืจื ืฉืžื™ื "ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐืจึตื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึทืชึผึธื”", ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื”ืจ ื”' ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื™ืจืืช ื”' ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธึงื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธึ›ื ืฉืึตึฝืึพื”ึทืžึผึธืงึฅื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ–ื•ึผื ื”ึฃ'ื€ ื™ึดืจึฐืึถึ‘ื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจึ™ ื™ึตืึธืžึตึฃืจ ื”ึทื™ึผึ”ื•ึนื ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทึฅืจ ื”ึ–' ื™ึตืจึธืึถึฝื”" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื‘, ื™ื“). ื•ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ "ื•ึฐืึธื›ึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึธืงื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื—ึทืจ ื•ื›ื•' ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ืชึผึดืœึฐืžึทื“ ืœึฐื™ึดืจึฐืึธื” ืึถืช ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื" (ืจืื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื“ ื›ื’. ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื“ ื›ื’).

ื•ึผืžื•ึนื“ึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช. ื•ึฐื“ื•ึนื‘ึตืจ ืึฑืžึถืช ื‘ึผึดืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ื•ึน
ื’ื ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉืœ "ื•ึผืžื•ึนื“ึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช. ื•ึฐื“ื•ึนื‘ึตืจ ืึฑืžึถืช ื‘ึผึดืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ื•ึน" ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• (ื™ื˜). ืฉื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— "ื”ื ื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื ืื•ื ื”' ื•ื”ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื ืจืขื‘ ืœืœื—ื ื•ืœื ืฆืžื ืœืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”'". ื‘ืคืจืง ื™"ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื "ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืœื™ ืชื”ื™ืœืชื™ ื™ืกืคืจื•".

ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ืœืงื• ืขื ืฉืœืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘
ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•: "ื™ื•ื“ืข ื”ื™ื” ืื”ืจืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื•, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืฉืจ ื—ื‘ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื–ืœ ื‘ืžืชื ื™ื•, ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืชื—ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงืจื•ืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช ืฉืžืข ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืงืจื™ื™ืช ืฉืžืข, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืชืคืœื”, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื’ื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืœืžื“ื•. ื•ืœื ืื”ืจืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืฉื ืคื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœืขื ื™, ืืœื ืžืงืจื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงืจืืŸ ื›ืื—ืช, ื•ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ืŸ ื›ืื—ืช, ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืฉื›ืœ, ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ืœืงื• ืขื ืฉืœืฉื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ, ืžืขืžืœ ื™ื“ื• ื™ืจืื” ื™ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื’ื•' (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื "ื’ ื™"ื).
ืžื™ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื•, ื™ื ื”ื’ ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื™ื”ื ืื“ื ื ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืืชื•, ื—ืกื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ืขืจื•ื ื‘ื™ืจืื”, ื—ื›ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืคื™ืงื— ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื ืื” ื•ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืืžืช, ื•ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืืžืช ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื•, ื•ืžื•ื“ื” ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘, ื•ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืข ืœื•, ื•ืžืชืื ื— ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื•, ืžื—ืžื“ ื•ืžืชืื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืฆืคื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืฉืชืฆืžื— ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ืก ื’ืœื™ื•ืช, ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขื•ึนื“ ื—ึธื–ื•ึนืŸ ืœึทืžึผื•ึนืขึตื“ ื•ึฐื™ึธืคึตื—ึท ืœึทืงึผึตืฅ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึฐื›ึทื–ึผึตื‘ ืึดื ื™ึดืชึฐืžึทื”ึฐืžึทื”ึผ ื—ึทื›ึผึตื” ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึนื ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืœึนื ื™ึฐืึทื—ึตืจ: (ื—ื‘ืงื•ืง ื‘' ื’'), ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ื‘ึผึตืืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืชึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ื—ึถืกึถื“ ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ ืฉืึฐืžึนืจ ื•ึฐืงึทื•ึผึตื” ืึถืœ ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“" (ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™"ื‘ ื–').

ืฉื‚ึฐืคึทืช ืึฑืžึถืช ืชึผึดื›ึผื•ึนืŸ ืœึธืขึทื“
ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ ืืžืช? ื›ื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืžืขื•. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ืฉื‚ึฐืคึทืช ืึฑืžึถืช ืชึผึดื›ึผื•ึนืŸ ืœึธืขึทื“ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืึทืจึฐื’ึผึดื™ืขึธื” ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ" (ืžืฉืœื™ ืคืจืง ื™ื‘ ื™ื˜) ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ " ื”ื ื–ื”ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืงืจ ื•ืžื“ืงื“ืง ื‘ื”ื ืœื›ื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื™ื—ืคืฆื• ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื". ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื ืื™ื ืš ืื™ืฉ ืืžืช.
ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืคืจืฉ ื”ืืžืจื™ ืืžืช ืžื’ื•ืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ื—ื™) ื‘ืฉื ื”ืฉืคืช ืืžืช (ืชืจืก"ื“) "ื›ื™ ืื™ืชื ื‘ื–ื•ื”"ืง (ืชืงื•ื "ื– ื“ ื‘) ืฉืืžืช ื”ื•ื ืจ"ืช ืืœืฃ ืžืืชื™ื ืชืฉืขื™ื ื•ื”ืงืฅ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื“ืจื’ื ื“ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžืช ื›ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืชืชืŸ ืืžืช ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื™ื‘ ื™ื) "ื•ืžืขืช ื”ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ื’ื•' ืืœืฃ ืžืืชื™ื ืชืฉืขื™ื".

ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ
ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืžึดื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื”ึทืžึฐื—ึปืœึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื
ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ (ืœื• ื›ื‘-ื›ื’): "ืœึธื›ึตืŸ ืึฑืžึนืจ ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืœึนื ืœึฐืžึทืขึทื ึฐื›ึถื ืึฒื ึดื™ ืขึนืฉื‚ึถื” ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื ืœึฐืฉืึตื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื—ึดืœึผึทืœึฐืชึผึถื ื‘ึผึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธืืชึถื ืฉืึธื: ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืžึดื™ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื”ึทืžึฐื—ึปืœึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื—ึดืœึผึทืœึฐืชึผึถื ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธื ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึฐืขื•ึผ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื”ึดืงึผึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™ ื‘ึธื›ึถื ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ึถื". ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืžืชืคืจืกื ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื•.

ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถืšึฐ ืขึถื–ึฐืจึธื ืึถืช ื”' ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ
ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื™ื•ืžื ืกื˜ ืข"ื‘) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื ื—ืžื™ื” (ืคืจืง ื— ื•), ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถืšึฐ ืขึถื–ึฐืจึธื ืึถืช ื”' ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒื ื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึธืžึตืŸ ืึธืžึตืŸ". ื•ืฉื•ืืœืช ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ืžืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ? ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืฉื’ื“ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ืจื‘ ื’ื™ื“ืœ ืืžืจ 'ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”' ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื'. ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื”ืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื”ืฉื ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ืœื".

ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ โ€“ ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ืž"ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช
ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ืฉืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื ืงืจื ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ืฉื ืจื‘ื”", ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืžืคืจืฉ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ (ืื•"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืจื›ื) ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ ื”ืื™ ื’ืื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ื•ืžืกื™ื™ื "ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื".

ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ื•ืคืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื”
ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืจื” ืจืžื– ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” "ื ืžืฆืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ืชืฉืขื”, ื•ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขืฉืจ, ื•ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ืกืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืžืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ" (ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืคืจืง ื’ ื”ืœื›ื” ื’). ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืขื™ื, ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ื”ื ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื? ืืœื ืฉืจืžื– ื›ื™ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืŸ ืž"ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”.
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ื ืขืฉื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. "ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืื™ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื–ื• ื ืจ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื” ืฉืžืŸ ื›ืžื“ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืžืžื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ืœื™ืง ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื™ื™ื" (ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื‘ ืข"ื‘). ื•ืื ื‘ื ืจ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืœืงื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ื•ื”ื–ืžืŸ.

ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ โ€“ ื•ื™ืจืื• ืžืžืš
ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื’ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ (ืคืจืง ื“ ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื“) "ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื’ืข ืื—ื“, ืฉืงื“ื•ืฉืชืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืืœื ืฉื ืื—ื“ ื•ืืœื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืื—ื“ ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ื“ ื”"ื ื‘ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื•ื›ืžื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื™ื“". ื’ื ื›ืืŸ ืจื•ืžื– ืœื ื• ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื“ ื•ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื ื”ื•ื™ื”.
ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžื ื—ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืฆื™ืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ืžืกืคืจ, ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”"ืื•ืจ ืฉืžื—" ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื "ืจืžื– ืœืฉื ืž"ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืคื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื™ ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ (ืขื, ื) ื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื• ืื™ืžืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื—, ื™) ื•ื™ืจืื• ืžืžืš". ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืขื•ื– ื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ืจืื• ื›ืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื™ ืฉื ื”' ื ืงืจื ืขืœื™ืš ื•ื™ืจืื• ืžืžืš ื•ืชื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื• ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจืืฉ" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื• ืข"ื).
ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื’ืžืจื ืฉื‘ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ืž"ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืจื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืืžืจ ืจื‘: ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืกืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืืœื ืœืžื™ ืฉืฆื ื•ืข ื•ืขื ื™ื•, ื•ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื™ืžื™ื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืขืก, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื›ืจ, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื•; ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื• ื•ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื• ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืจื• ื‘ื˜ื”ืจื”, ืื”ื•ื‘ ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื ื—ืžื“ ืœืžื˜ื”, ื•ืื™ืžืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ื—ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื™ื, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื" (ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืขื ืข"ื).

ืึถึฝื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึถึฝื”ึฐื™ึถื”
ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืงื•ื“ื ื’ืื•ืœืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ื”' ืœืžืฉื” "ื•ึทื™ึผึนึคืืžึถืจ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ืึ™ ืึถืœึพืžึนืฉืึถึ”ื” ืึถึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึ–ื” ืึฒืฉืึถึฃืจ ืึถึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึ‘ื” ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ—ืืžึถืจ ื›ึผึนึคื” ืชึนืืžึทืจึ™ ืœึดื‘ึฐื ึตึฃื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ”ืœ ืึถึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึ–ื” ืฉืึฐืœึธื—ึทึฅื ึดื™ ืึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถึฝื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ืคืจืง ื’ ืคืกื•ืง ื™ื“). ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื ื”"ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื”" "ืฉืฉื ืื”ื™ื” ืฉืชื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ื›"ื, ื”ืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›"ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ, ื•ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉ ืž"ื‘, ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”ื ื•ืจื, ืฉื”ื™ื•ื“ืขื•, ืื™ืžืชื• ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช". ื•ื›ืš ืงืจื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ื”ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืžืชื’ืœื” ื•ืžืงื•ื™ื ื‘ื ื• 'ื•ืจืื• ื›ืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื™ ืฉื ื”' ื ืงืจื ืขืœื™ืš ื•ื™ืจืื• ืžืžืš'. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ืกืชืจืช ืคื ื™ื, ืื– ื ืชื’ืœื” ืจืง ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ื“, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื’, ื˜) 'ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืœืื•ืช' - ื•ืœื ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœืื•ืช (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืœื–, ื›). ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช 'ืฉืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืš ื›ื—ื•ืœื“ื” ื”ื“ืจื” ื‘ืขืงืจื™ ื‘ื™ืชืš'".

ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” โ€“ ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'
ื•ื™ื™ืงื—ื• ืžืžืš ื›ืชืจ ืžืœื•ื›ื”
ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื’ื–ืจื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ื ืœื—ืžื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉืžืงื“ืฉืช ืืช ืฉื ื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉืžื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื’ืžืชื ืœื˜ืžื ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืชืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื• ืžืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื”' ืขืœ ื™ื“ื ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื•.

ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื”
ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื’ืœื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ื”ืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ื”' ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื•. "ื•ื”ื“ืœื™ืงื• ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฆืจื•ืช ืงื“ืฉื™ืš, ืงื‘ืขื• ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื™ืžื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืืœื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืœืœ ืœืฉืžืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ", ื•ืื ื• ืžื›ืจื™ื–ื™ื "ื•ืœืš ืขืฉื™ืช ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžืš". ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช, ืื ื• ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื "ื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืงื“ืฉ ื”ื... ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉืžืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ".

ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืžื
ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ืฉืžื• ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื•, ื•ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืฉืžื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉื ืœืงื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืœืจื•ืžื, ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ื›ืชืจ ื•ื”ืขื˜ืจื” ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื• ืœืจื•ืžื, ืฉื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื•. ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœื ืฉื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื˜ืœื”.

ืกืžืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืืจืฆื•
ื›ืฉืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ื”ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืืจืฆื• ื•ืœืขื™ืจื• ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืฉืขืจ ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก ื‘ืจื•ืžื. ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื™ืจื™ื—ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื, ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืื™ ืขื•ืœื: ื”ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึฐื ื•ึนืจึทืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐื’ึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ
ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื ืืžืจืช ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช, ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืงื‘ืขื• ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื "ืจึธื ึผึดึฅื™ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึดึ–ื™ ื‘ึผึทืชึพืฆึดื™ึผึ‘ื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึดึงื™ ื”ึดื ึฐื ึดื™ึพื‘ึธึ›ื ื•ึฐืฉืึธื›ึทื ึฐืชึผึดึฅื™ ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ึตึ–ืšึฐ ื ึฐืึปืึพื”ึฝ': ื•ึฐื ึดืœึฐื•ื•ึผึฉ ื’ื•ึนื™ึดึจื ืจึทื‘ึผึดึคื™ื ืึถืœึพื”ึ™' ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื”ึธึฅื™ื•ึผ ืœึดึ–ื™ ืœึฐืขึธึ‘ื ื•ึฐืฉืึธื›ึทื ึฐืชึผึดึฃื™ ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ึตึ”ืšึฐ ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทึ•ืขึทืชึผึฐ ื›ึผึดื™ึพื”ึฅ' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืึ–ื•ึนืช ืฉืึฐืœึธื—ึทึฅื ึดื™ ืึตืœึธึฝื™ึดืšึฐ: ื•ึฐื ึธื—ึทึจืœ ื”ึค' ืึถืชึพื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”ึ™ ื—ึถืœึฐืงึ”ื•ึน ืขึทึ–ืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึทึฃืช ื”ึทืงึผึนึ‘ื“ึถืฉื ื•ึผื‘ึธื—ึทึฅืจ ืขึ–ื•ึนื“ ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดึฝื: ื”ึทึฅืก ื›ึผึธืœ ื‘ึผึธืฉื‚ึธึ–ืจ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตึฃื™ ื”ึ‘' ื›ึผึดึฅื™ ื ึตืขึ–ื•ึนืจ ืžึดืžึผึฐืขึฅื•ึนืŸ ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึฝื•ึน" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืคืจืง ื‘, ื™ื“-ื™ื–).
ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื›ืจื™ื”: "ื•ึทื™ึผึนึฃืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทึ”ื™ ืžึธึฅื” ืึทืชึผึธึ–ื” ืจึนืึถึ‘ื” ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื•ึธืึนืžึทึกืจ ืจึธืึดึฃื™ืชึดื™ื€ ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตึฃื” ืžึฐื ื•ึนืจึทืชึฉ ื–ึธื”ึธึจื‘ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธึœื”ึผ ื•ึฐื’ึปืœึผึธึฃื”ึผ ืขึทืœึพืจึนืืฉืึธึ—ื”ึผ ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธึคื” ื ึตืจึนืชึถึ™ื™ื”ึธึ™ ืขึธืœึถึ”ื™ื”ึธ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธึคื” ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื”ึ™ ืžึฝื•ึผืฆึธืงึ”ื•ึนืช ืœึทื ึผึตืจึ–ื•ึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ืขึทืœึพืจึนืืฉืึธึฝื”ึผ: ื•ึผืฉืึฐื ึทึฅื™ึดื ื–ึตื™ืชึดึ–ื™ื ืขึธืœึถึ‘ื™ื”ึธ ืึถื—ึธื“ึ™ ืžึดื™ืžึดึฃื™ืŸ ื”ึทื’ึผึปืœึผึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธึ–ื“ ืขึทืœึพืฉื‚ึฐืžึนืืœึธึฝื”ึผ: ื•ึธืึทึ™ืขึทืŸึ™ ื•ึธึฝืึนืžึทึ”ืจ ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐืึธึ›ืšึฐ ื”ึทื“ึผึนื‘ึตึฅืจ ื‘ึผึดึ–ื™ ืœึตืืžึนึ‘ืจ ืžึธื” ืึตึ–ืœึผึถื” ืึฒื“ึนื ึดึฝื™: ื•ึทึ ื™ึผึทืขึทืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐืึธึžืšึฐ ื”ึทื“ึผึนื‘ึตึฅืจ ื‘ึผึดื™ึ™ ื•ึทื™ึผึนึฃืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทึ”ื™ ื”ึฒืœึฅื•ึนื ื™ึธื“ึทึ–ืขึฐืชึผึธ ืžึธื” ื”ึตึฃืžึผึธื” ืึตึ‘ืœึผึถื” ื•ึธืึนืžึทึ–ืจ ืœึนึฅื ืึฒื“ึนื ึดึฝื™: ื•ึทื™ึผึทึœืขึทืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนึคืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทื™ึ™ ืœึตืืžึนึ”ืจ ื–ึถึšื” ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจึพื”ึ”' ืึถืœึพื–ึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธื‘ึถึ–ืœ ืœึตืืžึนึ‘ืจ ืœึนึคื ื‘ึฐื—ึทึ™ื™ึดืœึ™ ื•ึฐืœึนึฃื ื‘ึฐื›ึนึ”ื—ึท ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ืึดืึพื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผื—ึดึ”ื™ ืึธืžึทึ–ืจ ื”ึฅ' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืึฝื•ึนืช" )ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืคืจืง ื“, ื‘-ื–).
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืืžืŸ.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ื™ืฉืง ื“ื‘ืจ
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ื›ืฉื‘ืืชื™ ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘"ื™ื’ื™ืข ื›ืคื™ื™ื", ื”ืชืคืœืœืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช "ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื’". ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื”. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื”ื ืฉืื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื”. ื•ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื ื”ื’.
ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ื ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™: ืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื’ืื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื•, ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื“ืœื™ืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช. ืืžืจืชื™: "ืื ื›ืš, ืื– ืื ื™ ืื“ืœื™ืง".

ืžื‘ืจื™ืกืง ืœื”ืคืฆื•ืช ื‘ืื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืจื™ืกืง ื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข "ืื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ". ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื‘ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืื‘ื™ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืง ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืขื ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืžืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื“ืœืง ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื” ืขื“ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•: ืื‘ื ืฉืœืš ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ: ืžื“ื•ืข? ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•: ืื‘ื™ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื’ื ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืช ืœื™ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘. ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ: ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœืื‘ื™ื• ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™. ื•ื”ื ื”, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื—ืฆื•ืช ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข "ืื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ" ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ. ืžืฉืจืื” ื–ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืจื™ืกืง ืžื™ื“ ืจืฅ ืœื‘ื™ืชื• ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช.
ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื ืื—ื“ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘: ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืœื ื• ื ืจื•ืช? ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืชืื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘! ืขื ื” ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื”ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื: ืžื” ื–ื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื”? ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ื”'. ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื: ื’ื ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง? ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื›ืŸ, ืงื— ื•ืชื“ืœื™ืง ืืชื”. ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืจื™ืกืง: ืื ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืฉื”ื—ืžืจืชื™ ื–ื™ื›ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื“ื™ื™ื ื•".

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”
ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืฆื‘ื . ืื™ืœื• ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื?

ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืœืฆื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืืฉืจื™ืš ืฉืืชื” ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื ืŸ ืœืฆื‘ื ื’ื ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื•ื’ื ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™. ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืื“ื ืคื•ื’ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉืืœื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื•ื™ื“ืข ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืžืงื“ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“, ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื•ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ืงื™. ื™ืฉ ืกืคืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื "ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื‘ื" ืฉืžืชืžืฆืชื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืืฃ ื”ื•ื“ืคืกื• ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ื›ื™ืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื. ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืคื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื•ืžื ื”ื’ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื•. ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืกืคืจ ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชืš ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืฉื™ื™ืชืŸ ืœืš ื›ื•ื— ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ื” ืœืžืœื ืื•ืชืš ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื—ืฉืง ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœืš. ืฆืจื™ืš ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”' ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื•.
ืื ื™ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ืกืคืจ "ื ืคืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช, ืื• ื›ืœ ืกืคืจ ืื—ืจ ืฉืืชื” ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื• ื•ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื• ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'. ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืš ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ืš. ืฉืชื–ื›ื• ืœืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ื ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ืฉืœืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช. ื—ื–ืง ื•ืืžืฅ!


ื™ืฉ ืงืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ืจืขื” . ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื•ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ืจืขื”" ื‘ืคื™ื•ื˜ "ืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจ"?
ืžื™ืœื™ื ืืœื• ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืื“ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกื•ื”ืจ, ืžืจื•ื—ืง ืžื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื•ืžื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ืืช ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื• ื›ืคื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื•ืžืจ: "ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ืจืขื”". ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืชื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืฉื’ื™ื“ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉืคืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ื•ืœื™ื“ ืจืขื™ื™ืชื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: "ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ืจืขื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™" - ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื›ื•ืคืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื ื•.
ืื ื™ ืœื ืคื•ืกืง ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉืจ ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ื›ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืžืื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืคื ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ืจ ืœื”' ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื ืคืœืื™ื ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื ื• ืžืื– ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื ื™ืกื™ื ืžื•ืคืœืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืชื–ื›ื•ืจ, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœืžืขืฆืžื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช. ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช - ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืœืคื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช. ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ ืœื™ืžื™ ื”ืจืขื”"?
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il