ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืคืกื•ืงื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืื—ืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื, ืฉืื•ืžื ื ื—ืชืžืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืชื ืื™ ื›ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ ืœืจืขืชื™, ืืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื™, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืขืœ ืžื” ื—ืชืžืชื™.

ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจืž"ื โ€“ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™
ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ื—ื•"ืž ืกื,ื™ื’) ืคื•ืกืง:
ืžื™ ืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืืฉืชื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืงืจื ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชื ืื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื•. ื”ื’ื”: ื•ื”"ื” ื‘ืฉืืจ ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื“ืงื“ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ, ื•ืœื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื“ื”ืื™ ื’ื‘ืจื ืœื ื“ืงื“ืง ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืกืžื•ืš (ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืช"ืค).
ื•ื—ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช (ืฉื•"ืข ื—ื•"ืž ืกื—, ื‘; ืžื”,ื’) ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืจืž"ื (ืื”"ืข ืกื•,ื™ื’):
ื”ื’ื”: ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ื ืœื’ืจืฉ, ื•ืืžืจ ืื—"ื› ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืชื”, ืื™ื ื• ื ืืžืŸ ื“ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ืขื™ื“ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืชื—ืœื” ืขืœ ืคื” (ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืกื™' ืชืจื›"ื˜).
ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื•ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืฉืื“ื ืฉื—ืชื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื• ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ.

ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” โ€“ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื
ืืš ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื”ื›ืจืขื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืž"ื (ื,ืชืจื›ื˜) ื•ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืš.
ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘:
ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ื ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืคืจืข ืœื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ืชื”. ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืงืจื ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžืชื ' ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื ืื™. ื•ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฉืืœื• ืืช ืคื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ื–"ืœ. ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื“ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื•. ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื• ื“ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉื”ืขื™ื“ื• ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื—ืชืžื• ื‘ื•. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื ื—ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื“ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื™ื˜ืขื ื• ื›ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืืœื• ืืœื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชืžื”. ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืืขืฉื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืจื” ื–ืงืŸ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื—ื›ื ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื‘ื”.
ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืื™ืจ ื˜ืขื ืช "ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™" ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช, ื•ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—ื•ืœืง ืžืกื‘ืจื” ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื›ืš ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืงืฃ ืœืืฃ ืฉื˜ืจ ืืš ืžืกื™ื™ื "ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืจื” ื–ืงืŸ". ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ืื”"ืข ืกื•) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš:
ื•ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืžื” ื ื—ื‘ื ืืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื—ื–ื ื’ื‘ืจื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืชื™ื•ื‘ืชื ืœื ื—ื–ื ื•ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฉื‘ืงืช ื—ื™ื™ ื“ื›ืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ืืžืจื• ื›ืŸ.
ืืš ืœืžืจื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœื ื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื›ืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช (ื, ืืœืฃ ืงื ื•) ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืฉืžื ื™ืกื•ื—ื• ืขืœื” ืฉืงืจืงืข ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื›ืœื”:
ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉื˜ืขื ื” ื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื” ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ื•ืœื ืฉืžืขื” ื•ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœื” ืžืจื’ืฉืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืชื”. ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ืกื•ืžื›ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื.
ืืžื ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ (ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—ืœืง ื”,ืจื›ื— ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื‘"ื™ ื—ื•"ืž ืงืžื–) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื“ืขืชื• ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ืคื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืฉื”ืขืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”:
ื’ื ืžื” ืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืจืื•ื‘ืŸ: ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ื•ืขืœ ืžื” ื ืฉื‘ืข, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืœื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื• ื”ื, ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉืชื•. ืฉืื ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื›ืŸ. ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื“ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ืœื•ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”.
ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื (ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ืขื– ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืžื”,ื’) ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืชื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ืฉืคื” ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ:
ื•ื›"ืฉ ื”ื›ื, ืฉืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœื™ื•. ื•ืœื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืงืจื•ืชื•, ื•ื—ืชื ื‘ื—ื•ืชื ื™ื“ื•. ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืžืจ ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื•. ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ืœื•ื”...
ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื•, ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ. ืฉื›ืŸ, ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ืช ืฉื”ื—ื•ืชื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืืฉืจ ื—ืชื ืขืœื™ื•. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉืื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ืžืกืžืš ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืกืžืš ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ.

ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื” (ื‘, ืกื˜ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืคื“"ืจ ื˜ ืขืž' 160 ื•ืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ื ื‘) ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืจื” ื–ืงืŸ" ื—ื–ืจ ืžืกื‘ืจืชื•, ืืœื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื’ื ืœื”ื™ืคืš ืฉื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ืจื” ื›ืกื‘ืจืชื• ื”ื•ื, ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื™ื‘ื™ืข ืื•ืžืจ (ื’,ืื”"ืข ื™ื’) ืื ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื–ื• ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืงื“ืžื”.

ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื
ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” (ื—ื•"ืž ืงืžื–, ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ื‘"ื™ ืื•ืช ื—) ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื:
[1] ื•ื™ืจืื” ืœื™ ื“ืฉืื ื™ ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ืกื™' ืชืจื›"ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ืžืกืชืžื ื”ืขื“ื™ื ืœื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ืื ืœื ืขืค"ื™
ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•' ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืืœื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื (=ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช) ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื™ื›ื ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืจืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื–"ืœ. ื•ืœืค"ื– ื’ื ื‘ืื™ืฉ ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื ืืžืŸ. ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื–ื” ืžืฆืืชื™ ืœืžื”ืจ"ืฉ ื”ืœื•ื™ ื—ื™"ื“ ืกื™' ื™"ื“.
[2] ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ื“ืœื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื–"ืœ ื“ื˜ืขื ื” ื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ืืœื ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื›ืœื” ื“ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ื“ืื™ื ื” ืžืจื’ืฉืช ื‘ืž"ืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืื• ื‘ืฉืืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื ืืžื ื™ื, ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ื ื” ื›ืœื” ืœื ืžื™ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืืœื ืืคื™' ื‘ืืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืœื”...

ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•:
ื. ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘ ื•ืขืœื™ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืชื ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ื ืืžืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš.
ื‘. ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื” "ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™" ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”.
ืจืื” ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืžื”ืจ"ืฉ ืœื ื™ืื“ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื™ื— ืฉื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื’ื™ื ืช ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืื”"ืข ื“,ื™ื“ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ (ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžืืžืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื’ื•ืจืคื™ื ืงืœ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืืจืฅ ื‘ ืขืž' 299 ื•ืื™ืœืš).
ืœืคื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ื ืืœื• ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• "ื›ืœื”" ื•ืื™ืŸ "ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™" ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื•ืชื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื ืคืกืงื” ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ.

ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ
ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื—ืชื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจ"ื‘ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ (ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›ื“) ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื” ื’ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืื™ืจ ื™ื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ:
ืื™ื›ื ืœืžื™ืžืจ ื“ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืงืืžืจ ืืœื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื“ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ืงื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ืœื™ื” ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืฉื”ืขื“ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืงืจืื• ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœื›ืš ืœื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื•ื”ื• ื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื—ื•ืชื ื•ืขืœ ื—ืชื™ืžืชื• ืื ืŸ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ืœื™ื” ื”ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื“ื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื•ื ื“ืœื ื—ืชื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื“ืข ืžืื™ ื“ืื›ืชื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื” ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื“ื’ืžืจ ื‘ื“ืขืชื™ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื•...
ื”ืจ"ื ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉืžื™ื“ื˜ (ืคื“"ืจ ื ืขืž' 294) ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ื, ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจ"ื‘ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™:
ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืชื ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ืŸ, ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ืœื˜ืขื ื” "ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™", ืžืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื, ื': ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื—ื•ืชื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืชื. ื•ืœืคื™ ื˜ืขื ื–ื” ืื ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื•ืชื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืชื, ื”ืจื™ ื ื•ืคืœืช ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื‘ื˜ืœื”; ื‘': ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื ื•ืชืŸ ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื•, ื”ืจื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืื•ืชื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื• ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื•... ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื”, ืื ื”ื—ื•ืชื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืชื, ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ืฉืคืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ, ื•ื’ื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ, ืืœื ืฉืกืžืš ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื—ืชื•ื, ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ืชื, ื”ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ืชื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื™ืฉ ืื™ืžื•ื ื•, ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืชื•ื.
ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, , ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืŸ: ื”ืื ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ ื•ื”ืื ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืŸ ื‘ื˜ืขื ืชื• ืฉืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื”ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื˜ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื—ืชื ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืžืš ืขืœ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืœืคื™ ืฉืกืžืš ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขืžื•.
ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืชื ืขืœื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื˜ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื•.

ืฉื˜ืจ ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“
ืืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืกื‘ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื”ื•ืขืœืชื” ื‘ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ืชื‘ืข ื˜ืขื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ืจ"ื ืฉืจืžืŸ ื‘ืคืก"ื“ (ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ ื— ืขืž' 164) ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžื”ืจื™ื"ื– ืขื ื–ื™ืœ (ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉืŸ, ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ืžื˜) ืฉืื“ื ืฉืกืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืจ"ื ืฉืจืžืŸ ืคื˜ืจ ืื“ื ืฉื—ืชื ืžื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ืžืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ืจ.
ืืžื ื ื”ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื”ืžืฆื•ื˜ื˜ืช ื‘ืžืืžืจื• ืฉืœ ืจ"ื ื’ื•ืจืคื™ื ืงืœ) ื™ื’ืœื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฉืกืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ืจ, ืืš ืžื ื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืฉืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื ื•ืœื‘ืจืจ, ืืฃ ืื ืกืžืš ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื“ื™ื ื• ื™ื™ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื›ืš?
ื•ืื™ืœื• ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื‘ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื–ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื•ื ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ืขื ืชืชืงื‘ืœ ื˜ืขื ืช "ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™" ื™ืคื™ื ื’ื ืžื•ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื–ื•.

ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืจืž"ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืชื ืขืœ ืฉื˜ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืฉื˜ืจ, ื•ืฉืœื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ืขื ืช "ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™". ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื’ื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ืจ ืžืžืฉ.
ื˜ืขื ืช "ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™" ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืจืง ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ื”ื "ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™" ืฉื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืืฉืจ ื—ืชื ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื.
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il