ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื "ืš
  • ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื
undefined
13 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช

ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืžื–ืœ

ื‘ืชื "ืš ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ. ื”ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื "ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ืคืขืžื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ". ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ.

ื—ืœืง ื': ื”ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ
ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืจ - ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื’ืœื’ืœ
ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ืืžืจ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข, ื™, ื”-ืžื’):

"ื•ึทื™ึผึตืึธืกึฐืคื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืœื•ึผ ื—ึฒืžึตืฉืึถืช ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตื™ ื”ึธืึฑืžึนืจึดื™ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ... ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึทื ื”ึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”... ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื ึปืกึธื ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึตื ื‘ึผึฐืžื•ึนืจึทื“ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื—ื•ึนืจึนืŸ ื•ื”' ื”ึดืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืšึฐ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื ื’ึผึฐื“ึนืœื•ึนืช ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื... ืึธื– ื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืœื”'... ืฉืึถืžึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื‘ึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื“ึผื•ึนื ื•ึฐื™ึธืจึตื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืขึตืžึถืง ืึทื™ึผึธืœื•ึนืŸ... ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื” ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœึธื” ... ื•ึทื™ึผึปื’ึผึทื“ ืœึดื™ื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื ึดืžึฐืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื—ึฒืžึตืฉืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ื ึถื—ึฐื‘ึผึฐืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึฐืขึธืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืงึผึตื“ึธื”... ื•ึทื™ึผึนืฆึดื™ืื•ึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืึถืช ื—ึฒืžึตืฉืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื... ืึถืช ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ... ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผึตื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื•ึทื™ึฐืžึดื™ืชึตื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึฐืœึตื ืขึทืœ ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ืขึตืฆึดื™ื... ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืžึตืขึถื’ึฐืœื•ึนื ึธื” ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนื ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึฒืžื•ึผ ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึฐื›ึผึฐื“ื•ึผื”ึธ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผื•ึผื”ึธ ืœึฐืคึดื™ ื—ึถืจึถื‘ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืขึธืจึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึถืคึถืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ืœึนื ื”ึดืฉืึฐืึดื™ืจ ืฉื‚ึธืจึดื™ื“... ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดืจึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืœึผึธื—ึถื ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ... ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผึถื” ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ... ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึผึตื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืžึดืงึผึธื“ึตืฉื ื‘ึผึทืจึฐื ึตืขึท ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืขึทื–ึผึธื” ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื’ึผึนืฉืึถืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื’ึผึดื‘ึฐืขื•ึนืŸ: ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึทืจึฐืฆึธื ืœึธื›ึทื“ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึถื—ึธืช ื›ึผึดื™ ื”' ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื ึดืœึฐื—ึธื ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ: ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉืึธื‘ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื” ื”ึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœึธื” :"


ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืš ืื‘ื ื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘, ื•ืืฃ ืขืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืœืคื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืžื™ืช ืืช ืžืœืš ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื—ื‘ื ื‘ืžืขืจื”, ืื•ืœื ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื” ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืžืœืš. ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ, ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ื” ืืจื›ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ, ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืœืš ืื—ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ืžืช ื‘ืžืขืจื” 1 .
ืื•ืœื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืงื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื• - " ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึถื—ึธืช ". ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื” ืžื”ื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ ื•ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœ ื”ื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื™ืชื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืคืจ " ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ". ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื™ื’ืช ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื”"ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ื’ืœื’ืœ" ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ื—ืžื™ืฉื”". ืžื”ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืืœื•?

ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื "ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ืคืขืžื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœื ื—ืœื•ืช ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืฉื‘ื’ืœื’ืœ, ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžื—ื ื” ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”. ื•ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืœื ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ("ื’ืœื’ืœ") ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ืœื ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื™ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ื—ืžืฉื”" ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื•ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.


ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ (ืžึตื™ ืžึตืจื•ึนื) - ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืจ

ืœืื—ืจ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืชื•ืืจ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™ื, ื-ื›ื’):

"ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ื™ึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื—ึธืฆื•ึนืจ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ืึถืœ... ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืžึดืฆึผึฐืคื•ึนืŸ... ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื”ึตื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึทื—ึฒื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืขึดืžึผึธื ืขึทื ืจึธื‘ ื›ึผึทื—ื•ึนืœ... ื•ึทื™ึผึดื•ึผึธืขึฒื“ื•ึผ ื›ึผึนืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึทื—ึฒื ื•ึผ ื™ึทื—ึฐื“ึผึธื• ืึถืœ ืžึตื™ ืžึตืจื•ึนื ... ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึธื ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื... ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึทื ื”ึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืขึทืœ ืžึตื™ ืžึตืจื•ึนื ืคึผึดืชึฐืึนื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืคึผึฐืœื•ึผ ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื... ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึถื’ึถื‘ ื•ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื”ึทื’ึผึนืฉืึถืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืคึตืœึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึธืขึฒืจึธื‘ึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืจ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืคึตืœึธืชึนื”: ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื”ึถื—ึธืœึธืง ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึถื” ืฉื‚ึตืขึดื™ืจ ... ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœึธื›ึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ืžึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”... ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึธืขึตืช ื”ึทื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึทื›ึฐืจึตืช ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ืžึดืŸ ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดืจ ... ืขึดื ืขึธืจึตื™ื”ึถื ื”ึถื—ึฑืจึดื™ืžึธื ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ... ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” :"

ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฉื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžึตื™ ืžึตืจื•ึนื , ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขื ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ 2 . ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ืคืœืื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ืืจื›ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืืš ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืกืชื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื. ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืคืจืง ื™' ื ืืžืจ ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ื›ืจื™ืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืžื”ื ืฉืจื™ื“ - ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื“ืจื•ื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืคื” ื ืืžืจ ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืขื ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžืื•ื“, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื’ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ.

ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ื”ืขืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืจ, ืงื™ื™ื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ, ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืงืฉื™ื™ื.

ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœื‘
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื ืืžืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื ื—ืœื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื, (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™ื“, ื•-ื˜ื•):
"ื•ึทื™ึผึดื’ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืึถืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึดืœึฐื’ึผึธืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื›ึผึธืœึตื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึฐืคึปื ึผึถื” ื”ึทืงึผึฐื ึดื–ึผึดื™ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธ... ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉึผืึธื‘ึทืข ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืึดื ืœึนื ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึธืจึฐื›ึธื” ืจึทื’ึฐืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ืœึฐืšึธ ืชึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐื ึทื—ึฒืœึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึธื ึถื™ืšึธ... ืขื•ึนื“ึถื ึผึดื™ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื—ึธื–ึธืง ื›ึผึทืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืฉืึฐืœึนื—ึท ืื•ึนืชึดื™ ืžึนืฉืึถื”... ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ืชึผึฐื ึธื” ืœึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื”' ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึทืชึผึธื” ืฉืึธืžึทืขึฐืชึผึธ ื‘ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื ืฉืึธื... ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึตื”ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ืึถืช ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐื›ึธืœึตื‘... ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐื›ึธืœึตื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึฐืคึปื ึผึถื” ื”ึทืงึผึฐื ึดื–ึผึดื™ ืœึฐื ึทื—ึฒืœึธื”... ื•ึฐืฉืึตื ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื” :"


ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืคื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืื™ื ืœืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื - "ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”", ืืš ืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื. ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ - ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืงื˜ื” ืžืžืœื—ืžื”. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื” ื”ืงื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ - ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืงื˜ื” ืžืžืœื—ืžื”?

ื—ืœืง ื‘': ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื
ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš
ื”ืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืกืชื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ. ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื "ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ ืคืขืžื™ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ" ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืืฉืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ 3 ืฉืืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืฉืชืœืฉืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืžืฆื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉืชื™ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื ืฉืžืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ื ืฉืžืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš (ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”).
ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉ"ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ, ืืš "ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ โ€“ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื "ื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึตื™" (ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™) ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ-ืคื”. ื•ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื”ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ "ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื "ื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึตื™" (ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™) ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ-ืคื”. ื™ืฉ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉื–ื•ืงืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื (ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ) ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉื‘ื ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉื–ื•ืงืฃ ืื•ืชื ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ึผึธืœึตื‘ ืฉื‘ื ืžืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”; ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ (ืžึตื™ ืžึตืจื•ึนื) ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื–ื•ืงืฃ ืืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ "ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ืขืฆืžื” ื ืขืฉื” ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ื’ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื•ื’ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ ืžืจืžื–ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ "ื“ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืจ" ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื "ื“ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึตื™" ืชื•ืจื”.

ื‘ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื ืืžืจ ืฉืขืฆื ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื”ืฉื "ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ" ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืฉื•ื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ 4 . ื•ื›ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืžื”ืœืš ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืžื™ ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžืขืฉื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช โ€“ ื•ืžื™ ืžื”ื ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช. ื•ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.

"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" "ืืจื‘ืข" โ€“ ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช
ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืกืคืจื™ื (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื—, ื-ื—):
"ื•ึทื™ึผึตืจึธื ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื”' ื‘ึผึฐืึตืœึนื ึตื™ ืžึทืžึฐืจึตื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ื™ึนืฉืึตื‘ ืคึผึถืชึทื— ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ื›ึผึฐื—ึนื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืขึตื™ื ึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึทืจึฐื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึธื” ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื ึดืฆึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ... ื•ึทื™ึฐืžึทื”ึตืจ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื”ึธืึนื”ึฑืœึธื” ืึถืœ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉื ืกึฐืึดื™ื ืงึถืžึทื— ืกึนืœึถืช ืœื•ึผืฉืึดื™ ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ ืขึปื’ื•ึนืช : ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืงึธืจ ืจึธืฅ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื... ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ื—ึถืžึฐืึธื” ื•ึฐื—ึธืœึธื‘ ื•ึผื‘ึถืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึธืงึธืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืขึนืžึตื“ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึธืขึตืฅ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืื›ึตืœื•ึผ:"


ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืขื ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื‘ืืœื•ื ื™ ืžืžืจื ืฉื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ 5 ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื”ืงื• ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ ื•ื”ืงื• ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ืฉืœื•ืฉ". ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ืงื• ื”ื ื™ืฆื‘ (ื”ื™ืฉืจ), ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื• ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข; ื•ืืœื• ื”ืงื• ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืคืข ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืฉืจ 6 . ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืืœ ื”ืงื• ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืข. ืื•ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ, ื•ืœืคื™ื”ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”; ื•ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื›"ืงื• ืขื’ื•ืœ" ืฉืžื•ืฉืคืข ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขืฉื” "ืงื• ื™ืฉืจ" ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข; ื›ืžื• ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” "ื ึฐืงึตื‘ึธื” ืชึผึฐืกื•ึนื‘ึตื‘ ื’ึผึธื‘ึถืจ" 7 , ื•ื›ืžื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” "ืื ืื™ืŸ ืงืžื— ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”" 8 .

ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื ืจืื™ื ืžืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉื ืจืื™ื ื›ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœ ื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข ( ื ึดืฆึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ). ืื•ืœื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื•ืจืš ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืข ( ืขึปื’ื•ึนืช ): "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืžึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉื ืกึฐืึดื™ื ืงึถืžึทื— ืกึนืœึถืช ืœื•ึผืฉืึดื™ ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ ืขึปื’ื•ึนืช ". ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืงื• ื”ื™ืฉืจ ( ืขึนืžึตื“ ), ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืžืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ("ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืขึนืžึตื“ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื "). ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืข ืžืขืœ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ".

ื’ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืชืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืชื— ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜ื•, ื˜-ื˜ื–):
"ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืงึฐื—ึธื” ืœึดื™ ืขึถื’ึฐืœึธื” ืžึฐืฉืึปืœึผึถืฉืึถืช ื•ึฐืขึตื– ืžึฐืฉืึปืœึผึถืฉืึถืช ื•ึฐืึทื™ึดืœ ืžึฐืฉืึปืœึผึธืฉื ื•ึฐืชึนืจ ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนื–ึธืœ... ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืœื•ึน ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึตืœึผึถื” ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึทืชึผึตืจ ืึนืชึธื ื‘ึผึทืชึผึธื•ึถืšึฐ ... ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทืฆึผึดืคึผึนืจ ืœึนื ื‘ึธืชึธืจ... ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึฐืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื™ึธื“ึนืขึท ืชึผึตื“ึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึตืจ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื–ึทืจึฐืขึฒืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ืœึนื ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึธื“ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืขึดื ึผื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื ึธื”... ื•ึฐื“ื•ึนืจ ืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื™ึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึผ ื”ึตื ึผึธื”...".

ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื–ืจืขื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื”, ืืœื ืจืง ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื; ื•ื’ื ืจื•ื‘ื• ื›ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ . ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ื™ื, ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืฉืžืขืœ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ". ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืฉืžืขืœ ืœ"ืฉืœื•ืฉ"; ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื ืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืœืงื—ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœ"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" ื•ืœื‘ืชืจ ืื•ืชื, ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืจืช ืขืžื• ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืฉืžืขืœ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ - "ื•ึฐื“ื•ึนืจ ืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื™ึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึผ ื”ึตื ึผึธื”...".
ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื”" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ืžืกืคืจ "ืฉืœื•ืฉ" ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ืžืขืชื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘"ืืจื‘ืข" - ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” (ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉ").

ืืžื ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ืงื™ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืฉืžืชืืจ ืฉื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ืชืืคืฉืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ืžื-ืžื‘):
"ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืžึดืงึผึตืฅ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื™ึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืฆึดื‘ึฐืื•ึนืช ื”' ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื: ืœึตื™ืœ ืฉืึดืžึผึปืจึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื ืœึทื”' ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืฆึดื™ืึธื ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึทืœึผึทื™ึฐืœึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึทื”' ืฉืึดืžึผึปืจึดื™ื ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึธื:

ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืกื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึธื“ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืขึดื ึผื•ึผ ืึนืชึธื ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื ึธื”", ื•ืกื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื "ืš ืื™ื ื• ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื "ืš, ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”. ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ืื•ืœืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื‘ื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉ (" ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื”") ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจื‘ืข (" ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื ึธื”"). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉืžื“ืจืฉื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ืจืื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื•ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื ื’ื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ "ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช" ื•ืฉืœ "ื“ื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™" ื•ืฉืœ "ืฉืœืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ื•ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื”" (ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื).

"ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข", ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื
ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื ืง "ืืจื‘ืข" ("ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข - ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื") ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืคื˜"ื– ื”"ื:
"ืžืื” ื•ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” 'ื“ื‘ืจ' 'ืืžื™ืจื”' 'ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™' - ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืื‘ืจื”ื. ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ 'ืœึธืงึทื—ึฐืชึผึธ ืžึทืชึผึธื ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธืึธื“ึธื' - 'ื‘ึผึธืึธื“ึธื' ื–ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ '[ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข*] ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื' ".

ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื•ืคื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื - ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืืœืคื™ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื”. 9 ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื ืงืจื "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข - ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื" 10 , ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืžืกืคืจ "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข" ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”; ื•ืžื˜ืขื ื–ื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื“ืขืช.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" ื•ืฉืœ ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื (ืค"ื ื”"ื’): "ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื•".
ื”ืจืื‘"ื“ ื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื (ื“ืฃ ืœื‘, ื) ื ืืžืจ: "ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื•".
ืื•ืœื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืื’ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืกืžืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืื’ื“ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจืช: "ืคืกื™ืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ืŸ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื”, ืžื’).

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ืŸ, ื•ืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ืœืจืžื– ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœ"ืฉืœื•ืฉ"; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื™ืฉ ืขืžืœ ืฉื ื”ื’ ื‘ืฆื“ืง ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ. ืื•ืœื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื’ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื’ื“ื” ืื—ืจืช: "ืคืกื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื™ืœื™ืŸ" (ืžื“ืจืฉ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื, ืœืš ืœืš, ื™ื–); ื•ืžื˜ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืจืžื– ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœ"ืืจื‘ืข", ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืืžื•ื ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ื. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื’ื "ืืจื‘ืข" ื•ื’ื "ืฉืœื•ืฉ"; ื•ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืขืœื• ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื, ื”ืื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" (ืชื•ืจื”) ืื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" (ืžืœืื›ื”).

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื›ืื’ื“ื” ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœ"ืืจื‘ืข", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื•". ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืฆืช ืืžื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืืจ ืฉื: "ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ื‘ื•ืจืื• - ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ื™ื“ืข - ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืจ ื›ืฉื“ื™ื ื•ืœืขืจื•ืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืžื”ื ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžืช ืฉืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื”...".

ื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœ"ืืจื‘ืข" ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข; ื•ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.

ื—ืœืง ื’': ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื
"ืืจื‘ืข" - ื•ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข
ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉืคืจืง ื™"ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข (ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืจื•ืŸ) ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื. ืคืจืง ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ... ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”". ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืืช ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืฉ"ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”" - ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื”ื.

ืื•ืœื ื‘ืคืจืง ื™"ื“ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืœื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืœื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ึผึธืœึตื‘. ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึฐืฉืึตื ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐืคึธื ึดื™ื ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื, ื•ึฐื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึธืงึฐื˜ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธื”". ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืžืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืคืจืง ื™"ื, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•, - ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ืฉืงื˜ ืžื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข". ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ืฉืงื˜ ืžืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื’ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉื”ื ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ึผึธืœึตื‘. โ€“ ื•ืœื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืžืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืคืจืง ื™"ื.

"ื—ืžืฉ" ื•ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข
ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืขืœ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืื•ืคื ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื•ื—ืก ื›ืืŸ ืœืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื›ืœื‘ ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื™ื•ื—ืก ืœืžืกืคืจ "ืืจื‘ืข".

ื‘ืคืจืง ื™', ืฉื‘ื• ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื“ืจื•ื, ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ื—ืžืฉ" ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ "ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ" ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื“ืจื•ื. ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืกื•ืชืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืขืฆืžื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืจืง ื™"ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืœื‘ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื’ื ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืฆืคื•ืŸ. ืื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจืง ื™' ืขืœ "ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ" ื›ืกืžืœ. ื•"ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ" ื›ืกืžืœ ืžืจืžื–ืช ืœ"ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช".
ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ื—ืžืฉ" ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื (ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ืขืจืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื 11 ); ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ื•ืจืš ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืžืกืคืจ "ื—ืžืฉ", ื”ื•ื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.

ื”ืจื‘ ืืฉืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืืžืจ 12 ืฉื’ื ื”ึทืชึผึทื ึผึธืึดื™ื ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืฆืžืฆื•ืžื™ื ืžื ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื• ื™ื•ืกืฃ. ื•ื›ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื‘ ืžื™ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื (ื“ืฃ ื›ื—, ื‘). ื”ืชื ื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ืฉื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืจืจื™ื ืื ืขืœื” ื”ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืืœื” ืืจื•ื›ื”: "ื”ืื™ืจ ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื–ืจื— ืขื“ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฆืื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉ ืœืžืœืื›ืชื•?".
ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ื ืจืื™ืช ืชืžื•ื”ื”. ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืžืืจื™ืš ื‘ืฉืืœืชื• ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืจ "ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ" ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช 13 . ืืš ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื”ืืจื™ืš ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ "ื•ื™ืฆืื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉ ืœืžืœืื›ืชื•"?
ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ื”ืชื ื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืจื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง, ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืืœ ืขืžืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ื“ื•ื’ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”. ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืืœื• ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช - ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื’ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื’ื ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื”.

ืืžื ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช; ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ืžืจื•ืžื–ืช ื‘ืื’ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ื“ืฃ ืคื”, ื‘). ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉื ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ืžื™ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉื˜ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ("ื•ื™ืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”?"), ื•ืืœื™ื”ื• ืžืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• "ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื•"; ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• (ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•) ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืคืฆืช ืชื•ืจื” 14 .

"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" "ืืจื‘ืข" ื•ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข
ื›ืฉื ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ - "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืžึดืงึผึตืฅ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืขึถืฆึถื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื™ึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืฆึดื‘ึฐืื•ึนืช ื”' ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื" - ืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจื‘ืข; ื•ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•. ื›ืš ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืžืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื˜ื•, ื™ื’-ื™ื“):
"ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธืœึตื‘ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึฐืคึปื ึผึถื” ื ึธืชึทืŸ ื—ึตืœึถืง ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืึถืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื”' ืœึดื™ื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ืึถืช ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง ื”ึดื™ื ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืจึถืฉื ืžึดืฉึผืึธื ื›ึผึธืœึตื‘ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืœื•ึนืฉืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง ืึถืช ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึทืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึทื™ ื™ึฐืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง:"


ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื’, ื›ื‘): "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึฒืœื•ึผ ื‘ึทื ึผึถื’ึถื‘ ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ืขึทื“ ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืฉืึธื ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึทืŸ ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™ ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึทื™ ื™ึฐืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง". ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื:
ื. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื ืง ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืกืคืจ ืฉืึฐืœื•ึนืฉืึธื” .
ื‘. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืฉื ื” ืžื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื“ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื ืง ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืขื ืง ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึทืŸ.
ื’. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืžืขื™ื˜ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ' ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข' ื•ื”ื™ื ื˜ืคืœื” ื›ืืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื• ื”ืขื ืงื™ื: "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข - ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง", ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข (ื›ื“, ื‘) "ืชึผึถืจึทื— ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื•ึทืึฒื‘ึดื™ ื ึธื—ื•ึนืจ".

ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื•?

ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื™ื•ืžื (ื“ืฃ ื™, ื) ื—ื–"ืœ ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืžืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืขื ืงื™ื:
" 'ื•ึฐืฉืึธื ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึทืŸ ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™ ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึทื™ ื™ึฐืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง'. ืชึผึธื ึธื (ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื): 'ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึธืŸ' - ืžึฐื™ึปืžึผึธืŸ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืึถื—ึธื™ื•. 'ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™' - ืฉืึถืžึผึตืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐื—ึดื™ืชื•ึผืช. 'ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึทื™' - ืฉืึถืžึผึตืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึฐืœึธืžึดื™ื ืชึผึฐืœึธืžึดื™ื."

ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืขื ืงื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ื ื•. 'ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึธืŸ' ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื™ืžื ื™, ืฆื“ ืฉืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” - "ืžึดื™ืžึดื™ื ื•ึน ืึตืฉื ื“ึผึธืช ืœึธืžื•ึน" 15 . 'ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™' ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืœื ื–ืง ื•ื”ืฉื—ืชื” - ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ. ื•ืื™ืœื• 'ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึทื™' ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ - ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื“ืžื” ื•ื—ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื - "ื•ึฐื›ึดืชึผึฐืชื•ึผ ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ื•ึนืชึธื ืœึฐืึดืชึผึดื™ื".

ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื ืžืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื ืฉืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืจืฅ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื—ืœืฅ ืœืฆื‘ื ื•ืœื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืืช ืื—ื™ื–ืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉื—ื™ืชื” ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉืืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืงื“ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืื— 'ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™' ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ื—ืจื‘ ื•ื”ื”ืฉื—ืชื”, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื— 'ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึธืŸ' ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื™ืžื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื "ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข" ื ืชืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืœืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืงืจืืช 'ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข', ื•ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงืจื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื” - "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข - ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึธืขึฒื ึธืงึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื". ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฉืงื˜ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืฉืงื˜ ืžื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื•, ื•ืœืชืช ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื ื•ืชืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ "ืฉืœื•ืฉ" ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœืฉื”. ืื•ืœื ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื˜ืคืœ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•. ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ 'ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข' ื˜ืคืœ ืœื‘ื ื™ื• - "ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึฒื‘ึดื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง"; ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ืคืœื™ื ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื - "ืึถืช ืฉืึตืฉืึทื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืึฒื—ึดื™ืžึทืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืช ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึทื™ ื™ึฐืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึฒื ึธืง".

ื•ืื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื "ืš ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ืงืจืืช "ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ื”ึธืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื”, ื›ื–; ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื™ื, ื›ื”), ื•ื”ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืŸ ืœืื‘ "ืืจื‘ืข" ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื‘ื ื™ื•. โ€“ ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื”ื ืืจื‘ืขื” ืขื ืงื™ื 16 .

ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืžืจืžื– ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจื‘ืข, ืฉื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ ื”"ืืจื‘ืข" ืฉืœ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ ื”"ืฉืœื•ืฉ" ืฉืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ืจืฆื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื, ื•ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื•. ื•ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืืœื™ื”ื• ืจื‘ื” (ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ื, ืคืจืฉื” ื›ื•):
"ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื ื™ื™, ื›ืœื•ื ื—ื™ืกืจืชื™ ืœื›ื, ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื, ื”ื ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืชื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ืชื”ื™ื• ื™ืจื™ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื–ื”..."


^ 1 ืจื“"ืง (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื™, ืœื–)
^ 2 ืกืคืจ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื•ืคืจื— ืคืจืง ื™ื, ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื‘' ืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื“ืจื•ื ื‘ืžืขืจื‘.
^ 3 ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื 307 ืคืจ' ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืก"ื–, ืขืžื•' 4
^ 4 "ื•ืœืžื” 'ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ' ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ 'ื”ื™ืŸ' - ื‘ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช!" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื™ื•ืžื ืค"ื’ ื”"ื‘)
^ 5 "ื•ึทื™ึผึถืึฑื”ึทืœ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึธื‘ึนื ื•ึทื™ึผึตืฉืึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืึตืœึนื ึตื™ ืžึทืžึฐืจึตื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึถื‘ึฐืจื•ึนืŸ ..." (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื’, ื™ื—)
^ 6 "ื”ืขื™ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืชืœื•ื™ ื•ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ืœืคื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื" (ืžื‘ื•ื ืœื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืจ' ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื˜ื•ืœื™ื“ื ื•, ื, ื’, ื“) ื•ืจืื” ื’ื ื‘ืงืœ"ื— ืคืชื—ื™ ื—ื›ืžื” ืคืชื— ื™ื’.
^ 7 ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ืœื, ื›ื
^ 8 ืื‘ื•ืช ื’, ื™ื–
^ 9 "ืขืกืง ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื‘) 'ื•ึฐืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึถืคึถืฉื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื—ึธืจึธืŸ' ื•ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืŸ: 'ื“ืฉืขื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื—ืจืŸ' ". (ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืฆื–, ื)
^ 10 "ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืื“ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ืงื™ื ื”ื•ื - [ื–ื”] ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ". (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ืชื™, ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืจื”, ืขืžื•ื“ 101).
^ 11 "ื™ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืคึทืจึฐืขึนื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืคึฐืงึตื“ ืคึผึฐืงึดื“ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื—ึดืžึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื‘ึธืข:" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื, ืœื“)
"ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉึผื‚ึธื ืžึทืฉื‚ึฐืึนืช ืžึตืึตืช ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืึฒืœึตื”ึถื ื•ึทืชึผึตืจึถื‘ ืžึทืฉื‚ึฐืึทืช ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื™ึธืžึดืŸ ืžึดืžึผึทืฉื‚ึฐืึนืช ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ื—ึธืžึตืฉื ื™ึธื“ื•ึนืช ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึฐืจื•ึผ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน:" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื’, ืœื“)
"ืœึฐื›ึปืœึผึธื ื ึธืชึทืŸ ืœึธืึดื™ืฉื ื—ึฒืœึดืคื•ึนืช ืฉื‚ึฐืžึธืœึนืช ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึดื ึฐื™ึธืžึดืŸ ื ึธืชึทืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึนืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉื ื—ึฒืœึดืคึนืช ืฉื‚ึฐืžึธืœึนืช:" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื”, ื›ื‘)
"ื•ึผืžึดืงึฐืฆึตื” ืึถื—ึธื™ื• ืœึธืงึทื— ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึธื” ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึทืฆึผึดื’ึตื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืคึทืจึฐืขึนื”:" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื–, ื‘)
"ื•ึทื™ึผึธืฉื‚ึถื ืึนืชึธื”ึผ ื™ื•ึนืกึตืฃ ืœึฐื—ึนืง ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืขึทืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืœึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึนื” ืœึทื—ึนืžึถืฉื ืจึทืง ืึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผึธื ืœึนื ื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืœึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึนื”" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื–, ื›ื•)
^ 12 ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื 307 ืคืจ' ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืก"ื–, ืขืžื•' 4
^ 13 "ื•ืœืžื” 'ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ' ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ 'ื”ื™ืŸ' - ื‘ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช!" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ื™ื•ืžื ืค"ื’ ื”"ื‘)
^ 14 ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื’ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืกื•ื›ื” (ื“ืฃ ื›, ื): "ื“ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ: ื”ืจื™ื ื™ ื›ืคืจืช ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื•. ืฉื‘ืชื—ืœื” ื›ืฉื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœื” ืขื–ืจื ืžื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื™ืกื“ื”, ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืขืœื” ื”ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื•ื™ืกื“ื”, ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ื ืฉืชื›ื—ื” ืขืœื• ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื™ืกื“ื•ื”."
^ 15 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’, ื‘
^ 16 "ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงื•ื ื ืงืจื 'ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ื”ึธืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข' ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืื‘ ื•ืฉืœืฉืช ื‘ื ื™ื•" (ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื’ื“ื” (ื‘ื•ื‘ืจ) ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื’, ื›ื‘). ื•ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืžืจื•ืžื– ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ "ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ื”ึธืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข" ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ "ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทืช ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข", ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข (ื™ื“, ื˜ื•).

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il