ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื’ืžืจื
  • ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™
  • ืžื’ื™ืœื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 25 ื“ืง' ื”ืื–ื ื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ืช

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš

(ื™ื˜. ืžืฉื ื” โ€“ ื›. ื‘ืžืฉื ื”)

ื. ื‘ืŸ ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ืœืš ืœื›ืจืš ื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ืจืš ืฉื”ืœืš ืœืขื™ืจ

A. ืžืฉื ื” โ€“ ืื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืžื• โ€“ ื›ืžืงื•ืžื•, ื•ืื ืœืื• โ€“ ื›ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื,
ืžืฉืžืข โ€“ ืื™ืŸ "ืคืจื•ื–/ืžื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•", ืืœื ืจืง ืื ื–ื” ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข.

ืืš ืจื‘ื โ€“ ืจืง ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื”,
ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื™ื - ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ,
ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ "ืคืจื•ื–/ืžื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•".
(ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ).

            ื•ืœื›ืŸ:
            ืจื‘ื - ื‘ืŸ ื›ืจืš ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื™ื“ โ€“ ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื™ืœื” โ€“ ื›ื›ืจืš ื•ื™ืงืจื ื‘15.
            ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ โ€“ ื›ืขื™ืจ, ื•ืงื•ืจื ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ (14).

            ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืš (ืจืฉ"ื™) โ€“ ื‘ืŸ ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ืœืš ืœื›ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื™ื“,
            ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืขื“ 15 ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ โ€“ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื›ืจืš,
            ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ื›ืŸ โ€“ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ื›ืจืš ืœืคื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ (14).

ืžืงื•ืจ โ€“

"ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ื ื”ืคืจื•ื–ื™ื ื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึธื–ึดื™ื (ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืงื‘ืข) ื”ึทื™ึผึนืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืจึตื™ ื”ึทืคึผึฐืจึธื–ื•ึนืช (=ืคืจื•ื– ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•)
ืขึนืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืึตืช ื™ื•ึนื ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืœึฐื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ืึฒื“ึธืจ ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐืชึผึถื”..." (ื˜, ื™ื˜),
ื•ืžืกื‘ืจื โ€“ ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืงืฃ ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•.

B. ืจื‘ื - ื‘ืŸ ื›ืคืจ ืฉืงืจื ื›ื‘ืจ, ื•ื”ืœืš ืœืขื™ืจ ื‘14 โ€“ ืงื•ืจื ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘14

ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘14, ืืœื ืฉื”ืงืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื, ืืš ืื ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘14 โ€“ ืฉื™ืงืจื ืขืžื.

ืžืงืฉื” ืื‘ื™ื™ โ€“ "ื‘ืŸ ื›ืจืš ืฉื”ืœืš ืœืขื™ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืงื•ืจื ื›ืžืงื•ืžื•",
                ื•ื”ืจื™ ืืžืจื ื• ืฉื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื• ืœื,
                ืืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืŸ ื›ืคืจ, ื•ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืฉืงื•ืจื ื›ืžืงื•ืžื•.
            ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืจื‘ื โ€“ ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืชื” ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืฉื ื” ื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœ"ืงื•ืจื ืขืžื”ืŸ".

(ื™ื˜. ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืืžืฆืข)

ื‘. ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืงื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื”

ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื•-ืจื‘ ื—ืžื ื‘ืจ ื’ื•ืจื™ื-ืจื‘โ€“
ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื›ื•ืœื” (ืจื•ื‘ื” + ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื•ืกื•ืฃ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ืฃ ื”ืงื•ื“ื),
ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืžืชื•ื›ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื:

ื“ืขื•ืช (ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื) ื•ืกื‘ืจื•ืช -

 

ืจื™"ื— โ€“ "ื•ึทืชึผึดื›ึฐืชึผึนื‘ ืึถืกึฐืชึผึตืจ... ื•ืžืจื“ื›ื™... ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืชึผึนืงึถืฃ ืœึฐืงึทื™ึผึตื ืึตืช ืึดื’ึผึถืจึถืช ื”ึทืคึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื™ืช" (ื˜, ื›ื˜)

ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื”ื—ืœ ืฉืžืชืืจ ื—ื•ื–ืง/ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•/ืžืฉื”ื• -

ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื โ€“ "ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืงึธืจึฐืื•ึผ ืœึทื™ึผึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ืคื•ึผืจึดื™ื... ื•ึผืžึธื” ืจึธืื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธื›ึธื” ื•ึผืžึธื” ื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ืึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื" (ื˜, ื›ื•),
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืžื”ื—ืœืง ืฉืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืฉืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื”:

ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืœืžื” ื ื”ื’ ื›ืš ("ืžื” ืจืื•"),
ื•ื‘ื›"ื– ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ("ืขืœ ื›ื›ื”"),
ื•ื™ืฉ ืชื•ืฆืื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ("ื•ืžื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื").

ืจ"ืž โ€“ ื›ื•ืœื” - ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ

ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ โ€“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชืงื™ืฃ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื™ืฆืœื•.

ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ,
ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื›ื™ ื—ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”70 ืฉื ื”,
ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืจื’ ืืช ื•ืฉืชื™ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื™ื:).

ืจ"ื™ โ€“ "ืื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™" (ื‘, ื”) โ€“ ืžืจื“ื›ื™

ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ืžืจื“ื›ื™
(ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ืžืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืžื›ื”).

ืžืจื“ื›ื™,
ืฉื”ืชื’ืจื” ื‘ื”ืžืŸ ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื” ื›ื™ ืขืฉื” ืขืฆืžื• ืข"ื–,
ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืงืจื” ื ืก.

ืจื™"ืก โ€“ "ืื—ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื’ื™ื“ืœ..." (ื’, ื) - ื”ืžืŸ

ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืŸ

ื”ืžืŸ,
ืฉื ืชืงื ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ืฉืชื—ื•ื•ื”,
ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ื ืชืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืฅ.

ืจืฉื‘"ื™ (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื) โ€“ "ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื”ื”ื•ื ื ื“ื“ื”..." (ื•, ื).

ืชื•ืงืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืก

ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ,
ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื“ ื‘ืืกืชืจ ื•ืื—ืฉื•ืจืืฉ (ื˜ื•:),
ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื–ืืช ืงืจื” ื”ื ืก.

 

(ื™ื˜. 5-, ืื’ื‘ ื”ืžื™ืžืจื ืฉืœ ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื•-ืจื‘ ื—ืžื ื‘ืจ ื’ื•ืจื™ื-ืจื‘)

ื’. ืกืคืจ ื•ืื™ื’ืจืช

ืกืคืจ- ื•ึผืžึทืึฒืžึทืจ ืึถืกึฐืชึผึตืจ ืงึดื™ึผึทื ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื”ึทืคึผึปืจึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ื•ึฐื ึดื›ึฐืชึผึธื‘ ื‘ึผึทืกึผึตืคึถืจ (ื˜, ืœื‘).
ืื™ื’ืจืช - ื•ึทืชึผึดื›ึฐืชึผึนื‘ ืึถืกึฐืชึผึตืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื” ื‘ึทืช ืึฒื‘ึดื™ื—ึทื™ึดืœ ื•ึผืžึธืจึฐื“ึผึณื›ึทื™ ื”ึทื™ึผึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืชึผึนืงึถืฃ ืœึฐืงึทื™ึผึตื ืึตืช ืึดื’ึผึถืจึถืช ื”ึทืคึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื™ืช (ื˜, ื›ื˜).

  1. ืงืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช โ€“

ืจ' ื—ืœื‘ื•-ืจื‘ ื—ืžื ื‘ืจ ื’ื•ืจื™ื-ืจื‘: ืกืคืจ ื•ืื™ื’ืจืช -

ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื›ืก"ืช โ€“ ืฉืชื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” (ื•ืœื ื˜ืžืื” ืื• ืคืฉืชืŸ),
ืžืงืœื™ื ื›ืื™ื’ืจืช โ€“ ืฉืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืคื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืจืš, ืžืกืคื™ืง 3 ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื.

  1. ืจ"ื™-ืฉืžื•ืืœ โ€“ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื - ืœื ื™ืฆื (ืจืฉ"ื™ - ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืื™ื’ืจืช + ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื)
  2. ืจื‘ื ืžืงืœ โ€“ ืื ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืฉืืจ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื™ืฆื ื™ื“"ื—.
  3. ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘"ื-ืจื™"ื— โ€“ ืจืง ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืกื•ืจ, ืฉืื– ืฆืจื™ืš ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื.[1]

ืงื•ึผืœื•ึนืช:

ืื’ื‘ ื–ื”, ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจ' ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘"ื-ืจื™"ื—:

  • โ€ข"ื•ึทื™ึผึดืชึผึตืŸ ื™ึฐืงึนื•ึธืง ืึตืœึทื™ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ืœื•ึผื—ึนืช ื”ึธืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื... ื•ึทืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื™ึฐืงึนื•ึธืง ืขึดืžึผึธื›ึถื ื‘ึผึธื”ึธืจ..." (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜, ื™) โ€“ ื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ืชื•ืจื” (ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื), ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ ืžืฉื ื”, ื•ื”ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ โ€“ ืžืงืจื ืžื’ื™ืœื”.
  • ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืจื™ืขื•ืช ืก"ืช ืฉืฉื ืœื ืชื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืž"ืก, ืืš ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• (ื”ื™ื›ื” ืขืœ ืงื•ื“ืงื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจ) ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื• ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื›ืฉื’ื•ืœืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
  • ื”' ื›ื™ืกื” ืืช ืžืฉื” ื•ืืœื™ื”ื• ื›ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืจื”, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื˜ โ€“ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืื•ืจ.
  1. 3.(ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฉืœื ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ โ€“ ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื›ืื™ื’ืจืช, ืœื ืžืขื›ื‘ ืื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื” ืžื—ื•ืง (ืจืื™ื ื• ืืชืžื•ืœ), ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืจืง ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืกืชื•ืžื•ืช).

(ื™ื˜: ื‘ืžืฉื ื”)

ื“. ืžื™ ื›ืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื”?

ื”ืžืฉื ื” โ€“ "ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื—ืจืฉ ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ืจ"ื™ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ"

ื. ื—ืจืฉ

[ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ โ€“ ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช:

  1. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชืจื•ืžืช ื—ืจืฉ - ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืจ"ืฉ ื‘"ืค - ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
  2. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ โ€“ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš, ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ืฆื.
  3. ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข -
    ืจ"ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืจืื‘"ืข โ€“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข (ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš, ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื™ืฆื).

ืจ"ืž โ€“ ื™ืฆื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ("ืขืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš")].

ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข โ€“

ื”ืงื•ืจื ืืช ืฉืžืข ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืœืื•ื–ื ื• โ€“
ืจ"ื™ โ€“ ื™ืฆื (ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืื• ื’ื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”), ืจื™"ืก โ€“ ืœื ื™ืฆื (ื’ื ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“)

ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” โ€“ ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืงืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื—ืจืฉ ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืงื˜ืŸ"

            ื›ืžื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื”?

ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื - ื›ืจื™"ืก, ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืœื (ืจื‘ ืžืชื ื)

ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื‘ - ื›ืจ"ื™,

ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช:

ื”ื ื—ื” ื - ื‘ืžื’ื™ืœื” ("ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื—ืจืฉ") ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืง ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื, ืืš ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื›ืŸ.

ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ - ื‘ืฉืžืข ("ื™ืฆื") ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆื ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“,ืืš ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื.

ื“ื—ื™ื•ืช:

  1. ื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ื - ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืฉื ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืœื.

ื“ื—ื™ื” โ€“ ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื•ื”ื ื›ื“ืื™ืชื.

  1. ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืกื™ืคื ืฉืœ ืžืฉื ืชื ื• ืจ"ื™ ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ, ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืจื™ืฉื ืœื ืจ"ื™.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืจ"ื™,
ื•ื‘ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืœื,
ื‘ื—ืจืฉ โ€“ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื›ืŸ,
ื•ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ โ€“ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ื™ืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื’ื ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“, ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”.

  1. ื“ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ โ€“ ืื ืจ"ื™ ืžืชื™ืจ ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“, ืื– ื›ืžื™ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืจ"ืฉ ื‘"ืค ืฉืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื—ืจืฉ ืœืชืจื•ื? ืืœื ืจ"ื™ ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”!

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื โ€“
A. ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ืขื” ืฉืžืชื™ืจื” ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ).
B. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืชื ื ื ื•ืกืฃ (ืžืชื•ืš ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ืง"ืฉ) -

  1. ืจ"ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชืช ืชืจื•ืžื”).
    ืจ"ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื• (ืจืื‘"ืข) ืžืชื™ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“     (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉื ืชื ื•).
  2. ืจ"ื™ ืžืชื™ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉื ืชื ื•),
    ืจ"ืž ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”     (ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชืช ืชืจื•ืžื”).

ื‘. ืงื˜ืŸ โ€“

ืจื‘ื ืŸ โ€“ ืœื, ืจ"ื™ โ€“ ื›ืŸ.

A. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื‘ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืจืง ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš.

B. ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื (ื›. 11+) โ€“

  • ืจ"ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืงืจื ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจ"ื˜.

ืืžืจื• ืœื• โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ.

  • ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉืงืจื ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืจ"ื™.
    ืืžืจื• ืœื•: 1. ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื™ืจ. 2. ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ.

 

[1] ื•ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืื• ื™ื“"ื— ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื? ืฉืคืช ืืžืช โ€“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืžืžื’ื™ืœื•ืช ืงืœืฃ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืื ื™ืงืจืื• ืžื–ื” ื’ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื, ืืš ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ืงืจืื• ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื.


 

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ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืื ื˜

ืืชืจ "ืกื™ื ื™"
  • ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•
    16 ื“ืง'
    ืคืกื—ื™ื

    ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•

    ื›"ื– ืชืžื•ื– ื”ืชืฉืข"ื’
  • ืฉื‘ืช - ื“ืฃ ื™ื‘'
    13 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื‘ืช

    ืฉื‘ืช - ื“ืฃ ื™ื‘'

    ื”ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงืฆืจ

    ื›ื˜' ืชืฉืจื™ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื’
  • ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื–
    17 ื“ืง'
    ืคืกื—ื™ื

    ืžืกื›ืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื–

    ื›"ื— ืชืžื•ื– ื”ืชืฉืข"ื’
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ - ื“ืฃ ืข"ื—
    21 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ - ื“ืฃ ืข"ื—

    ื”ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงืฆืจ

    ื™"ื’ ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืข"ื
ืžื’ื™ืœื”
ืžื’ื™ืœื”
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš
    40 ื“ืง'
    ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืœืจืžื‘"ื

    ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 5

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉืœ ื”ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืžืชื•ืš "ืžื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื", ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืœื”' ื•ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ ื•ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื“ืจืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ืฉืขื”, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขืžื•ืง, ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“ | ื•' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื
    57 ื“ืง'
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"

    ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื“ื•ืข? ื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• | ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื ื ืื• ื‘ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืื ื”ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช | ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื–ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืขืก | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”
    ื”ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”

    ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ื™ื—ื™ ืงืฆื™ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฉื” ืœืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ, ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื•ื’ื“ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”". ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ืžื ื•ืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ืœืฆื“ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื•' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกื•ื“ ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืกื•ื“ ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ ื”"ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื’ื“, ื“ืŸ ื•ืืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจืื” ืžืฉื” ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ืจ ื ื‘ื•, ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•, ื•ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื–' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–
    ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ

    ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ
    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืื™ื™ืจ ื”'ืชืฉื "ื—
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™

    ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื’ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื–, ื– | ืคืจืง ื—, ื-ื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืื‘ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื˜ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื“ืจืš ืคืกืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืื“ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”
    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”

    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื’ืžืจื ื•ืœื—ื˜ื ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืคืจื™ื•ืŸ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—
    26 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?
    4 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
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ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il