ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ื•ื™ื’ืฉ

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื


ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื” ืฉื’ื™ืื” ื‘ืงื‘ืœื” ืื• ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”-PDF ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
undefined
80
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” - ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื”

ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, ื”ืœืœ ื›ื“ืื•ืจื™ืชื ื“ืžื™
ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื›ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืงื•ืจื ืœื• "ื”ื—ื›ื ื”ืื“ื™ืจ, ืืฉืจ ื’ืœื” ืœื• ื”ืฉื ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช" ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืืžืจื” ืฉื”ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืชืขื ื™ืช ื›ื—:). ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืชืงื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืงื“ื ืœื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื’ืืœื• ืžืžื ื”, ื›ืฉื ื’ืืœื™ืŸ ื™ื”ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื’ืื•ืœืชืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ ืืžื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื›ืžืฆื•ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื, (ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื’ ื”).
ืจืฆื” ื™ืชืขืœื” ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื‘ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื•
ื•ืขื•ื ื” ืœื• ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืช"ืจ ื”ึทืœึผึตืœ ื–ึถื” ืžึดื™ ืึฒืžึธืจื•ึน? ืจ' ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐื ึดื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒืžึธืจื•ึผื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถืขึธืœื•ึผ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื, ื•ึทื—ึฒืœื•ึผืงึดื™ืŸ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื—ึฒื‘ึตืจึธื™ื• ืœื•ึนืžึทืจ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืึฒืžึธืจื•ึน, ื•ึฐื ึดืจึฐืึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึธื™ื• ืžึดื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ื”ึถื. ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึธื—ึฒื˜ื•ึผ ืคึผึดืกึฐื—ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐื ึธื˜ึฐืœื•ึผ ืœื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ ืฉืึดื™ืจึธื”" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื™ื–.). ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืืžืจื• ื”ืœืœ ื‘ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคืกื— ืื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื• ืื—ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืขืช ื”ื™ื.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
642 - ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ื’ืฉ ืชืฉืค"ื” โ€“ ืœืžื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื?
643 - ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ ืชืฉืค"ื” โ€“ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ
644 - ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืชืฉืค"ื” - ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื”ืœืœ ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืกืคืง ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื“ื• ืœื”' ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื. ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื™ืฉื‘ื—ื• ืืช ื”' ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืœืœ, "ืื‘ืœ ืจืฆื” ื™ืชืขืœื” ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื‘ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื•, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ".
ื•ื ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื–ื” ืœื”ืœืœื• ื•ืœืฉื‘ื—ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืชืจืื” ืœื ื• ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื•ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•
ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ "ื”ื•ื ืžืืžืจ ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืข"ื” ืฉืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืœึทื”' ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึธืึนื” ื’ึผึธืึธื”". ืฉื›ืš ืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ื•ืืžืจื” ื’ื ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื ืก ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื”ื•ื“ืื” ื”ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื " ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึฐื”ึทืœึผึฐืœื•ึน ื•ึผื ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึน ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ื™ึดืชึฐืจึธืึถื” ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธืชื•ึน ื•ึฐื ึดืฆึฐื—ื•ึนื ื•ึน". ื•ืข"ื› ืืžืจื• ื–"ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ืชื ืื•ืžื ื ื ื•ืกื— ืืžื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื”ืœืœ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื.
ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื โ€“ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”
ื’ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ "ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึฐื—ึทืœึผึฐืœื•ึผ ืึถืช ืฉืึตื ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึดื™ ื•ึฐื ึดืงึฐื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืžึฐืงึทื“ึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึถื" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื‘ ืœื‘) ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœื ื•.
ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื ื• โ€“ ืžื™ ืืžืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื ืจ?
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืงืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื•" ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”' ืœื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”? ื•ืขื•ื ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืœื ืชืกื•ืจ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฉืจ ื™ื’ื™ื“ื• ืœืš ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžืืœ". ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ? ื•ืขื•ื ื” ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื‘ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื—ืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ืขืฆื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ื ืก ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื›ืœ ื“ืžืคืจืกื ื ื™ืกื ื˜ืคื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ืงืขื‘ื™ื“
ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช "ื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•" ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืœืœ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. " ืฉืึถื”ึฒืจึตื™ ืึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึดืขื•ึผืจ ืงึธื‘ื•ึผืขึท ืœึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ. ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผึฐืžึทืคึฐืจึฐืกึตื ื ึดืกึผึธื ื˜ึฐืคึตื™ ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืงึทืขึฒื‘ึดื™ื“. ืžึดื›ึผึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ื—ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึตื™ื›ึผึธื. ื“ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ึธืฆึธื ื™"ื— ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทื“ึฐืœึธืงึธื”". ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืก ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ โ€“ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ "ื“ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื›ืจ ืœื ืก ืžืžื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืžืžืฉ ืžืง"ื•". ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ืžืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืืžืจื• ื”ืœืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืžื•ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื. "ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืžื’ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื–ื›ืจ ืงืฆืช ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืœืืกืจื• ื‘ื”ืกืคื“ ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืžืง"ื• ื”ื "ืœ" (ืฉื•"ืช ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ืœืง ื ืื•"ื— ืจื—).
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœืคืจืกื ืื•ืชื
ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•. ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืœืœ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”' ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืฉื™ืจื• ืœื”' ื›ื™ ื’ืื” ื’ืื”", ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ื ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื. ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื“ื ืžืจื‘ื” ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•.
ืœืžื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช

ืžื”ื™ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื”?
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื™ื—:) ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื ื‘ื˜ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™ื’ ื‘ืื“ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื ื™ืงื ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื ื™ืฆื—ื• ื”ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ื ืืช ืฆื‘ื ื ื™ืงื ื•ืจ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.
ืื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื’' ื‘ืชืฉืจื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื—ื’ื’ื• ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื–ื›ืจืช ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืœื˜ื• ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืืกืจื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”'. ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ "ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”'" ืื• "ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”'", ื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืฉืœื•ื" ืฉื”ื•ื ืื–ื›ืจืช ืฉื ื”' ืฉืฉืžื• ืฉืœื•ื. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆื—ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืชืชื™ื”ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื”' ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช. "ื•ื›ืฉื’ื‘ืจื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื—ืฉืžื•ื ืื™ ื•ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื˜ืจื•ืช. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื: ื‘ืฉื ืช ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ืœื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืฉืฉืžืขื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืืžืจื•: ืœืžื—ืจ ื–ื” ืคื•ืจืข ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ื•ื ืžืฆื ืฉื˜ืจ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื‘ืืฉืคื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื•ื. ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืฉืื•ื”ื• ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘". ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื• ื—ื’ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™. ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
ืœืžื” ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ?
ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉื‘ื˜ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื•. ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื’ื–ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉื’ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืื• ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. "ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื’ื–ืจื• ืชืขื ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืœื•ื“, ื•ื™ืจื“ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจื—ืฅ, ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืกื™ืคืจ. ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื: ืฆืื• ื•ื”ืชืขื ื• ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืขื ื™ืชื". ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืจืื• ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืœื•ื. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืฆื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื•ืœืฆื•ื ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื–ืœื–ื•ืœื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.
ืื ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ. ื•ื›ืืŸ ืฉื•ืืœืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœืžื” ืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ื’ื ืืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”? ืขื•ื ื” ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจ. " ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ: ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื“ืื™ื›ื ืžืฆื•ื”. - ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืื‘ื™ื™: ื•ืชื™ื‘ื˜ื™ืœ ืื™ื”ื™, ื•ืชื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืฆื•ืชื”! ืืœื ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ: ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื“ืžื™ืคืจืกื ื ื™ืกื".
ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ื ืจื•ืช. ืฉื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืก ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ. ื•ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื• ื”ืžืฆื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ื• ื›ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื˜ืœื•".
ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก
ืžืงืฉื” ืฉื ืชื•ืก' ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืฉืจื—ืฅ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉื”ืกืชืคืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” (ื ื’) "ืขึทืœ ืฉืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื—ึณื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืœื•ึผื—ึดื™ืŸ ื™ื•ึนืฆึฐืึดื™ืŸ, ืขึทืœ ื ึดื™ืกึธืŸ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืคึผึถืกึทื—, ืขึทืœ ืึธื‘ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทืชึผึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช, ืขึทืœ ืึฑืœื•ึผืœ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื”, ืขึทืœ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืจึตื™ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืชึทืงึผึธื ึทืช ื”ึทืžึผื•ึนืขึฒื“ื•ึนืช, ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึดืกึฐืœึตื• ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื—ึฒื ึปื›ึผึธื” ื•ื›ื•'". ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืชื™ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื›ืกืœื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ. ื•ืœืžื” ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื›ื”?
ืžืชืจืฅ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืžื•ืคืœื ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžื”ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก. ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื—ื’ ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืชื•ืก' ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื—ื’ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ื“ื—ืชื” ืื•ืชื” ื•ืงื‘ืขื” ืฉื”ืชืงื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื’ ื•ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ื•ื–ื” ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืืช ืขืฆื ื—ื’ ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื•. ื•ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื’ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก.
ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื

ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื
ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื ืก ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื” ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœื• ืœืขื•ืœื. ืฉื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื ื”) "ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉ. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ื—ืžืฉืช ืกืคืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื” ื˜ืขืžื 'ืงื•ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื ื™ืกืฃ'. ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืืžืจ ืืฃ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื˜ืœ. ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ 'ืงื•ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืœื ื™ืกืฃ' ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ืœืŸ 'ื•ื–ื›ืจื ืœื ื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื–ืจืขื'.
ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ ืœืขื•ืœื
ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช, ืืœื ื’ื ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ "ืึถืกึฐืชึผึตืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐื›ึผึธื” ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ืฆึทืขึทืจ ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื”ึดืชึฐืงึดื™ื ึธื” ืกึฐืขื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึทืึฒื—ึทืฉืึฐื•ึตืจื•ึนืฉื ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึธืžึธืŸ ื”ึธืจึธืฉืึธืข ื•ึฐืฉืึดื›ึผึทืจึฐืชึผื•ึน ื™ึทื™ึดืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนืชึตืจ. ื•ึผื›ึฐืกึธื‘ื•ึผืจ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ึทืžึผึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถื—ึธืœึฐืงึธื” ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึธื‘ื•ึนื“ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืœึนื ื™ึธื“ึทืข ืฉืึถืคึผึธืจึฐืฉื‚ึธื” ื”ึดื™ื ืœื•ึน ืžึฐืฆื•ึผื“ึธื” ืฉืึถืžึผึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ืฉืึถืฉึผื‚ึดื›ึฐืจึธื”ึผ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื™ึทื™ึดืŸ ืงึธื ึฐืชึธื” ืœึธื”ึผ ืึปืžึผึฐืชึธื” ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื, ืึทืฃ ืขึธืจึฐื›ึธื” ืฉืึฐืœึทื—ึฐื ึธื” ื‘ึผึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ื•ึผื‘ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื”ึทื‘ึผึธื. ืึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื–ึถื” ืฉืึตื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืฉืึถืงึผึธื ึฐืชึธื”? ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทืžึผื•ึนืขึฒื“ึดื™ื ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ืœึดื‘ึผึธื˜ึตืœ ื•ึดื™ืžึตื™ ื”ึทืคึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื˜ึตืœึดื™ื ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื"ืจ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ืึทืฃ ื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทื›ึผึดืคึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื ืœึนื ื™ึดื‘ึผึธื˜ึตืœ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ื–ึผึนืืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึฐื—ึปืงึผึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื" (ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืœื™ ืคืจืง ื˜ ืจืžื– ืชืชืงืžื“).
ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื "ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก"ื” ื˜"ื–) ื›ื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื• ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ ื ืกืชืจื• ืžืขื™ื ื™ ื™ืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœื• ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืืกืชืจ ื˜' ื›"ื) "ื•ื™ืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ื›ืจื ืœื ื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื–ืจืขื ". ื”ืจื™ ืฉื™ืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื".
ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ
ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ืฉื’ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื (ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื - ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื™ืงื”ืœ). ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื, ื–ื” ื‘ืืœืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื• ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืจื‘. "ื“ืฉื™ืช ืืœืคื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ ืขืœืžื ื•ื—ื“ ื—ืจื•ื‘". ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื—ืจื‘ ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข. " ื“ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื“ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื”ื ื—ืจื‘ ืขืœืžื ืžืชืื•ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ืŸ ื“ื”ืื™ ืขืœืžื". ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ืžืฉื” ืœืžืœืื›ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื—ืžืฅ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.
ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืœื”'
ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืฉืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ืจืง ื™ืืžืจื• "ื”ืœืœ ื•ื–ืžืจื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืจื™ืŸ ื•ืชืฉื‘ื—ืŸ ืœืงื‘"ื” ื•ืชื• ืœื ืžื™ื“ื™, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืืžื•ืจ ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื”ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืช ื‘ื”ื• ืืœื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ืกื™ื ื“ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืœื—ื•ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืื™ ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ืกื™ื ื“ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœื•, ื•ืืชื” ืฉืœื•ื". ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ื™ืฉืืจ ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืœื”' ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืžื• ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื.
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœ
ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ื—ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ืืœืงื‘ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ืขืœ "ืœื›ื” ื“ื•ื“ื™". ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœ ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืืกืชืจ ื‘ืฉื "ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื™" ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” "ื›ื™ ืœื–ืืช ืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“. ื•ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืžืขืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื—ืžื” ืœื”' ื‘ืขืžืœืง ื•ื”ื˜ืขื 'ื›ื™ ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืก ื™ื”'. ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืฉืœื— ื”ืื ืžืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื ืงืจืืช ื›ืกื ื”'". ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขืžืœืง.
ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ "ื˜ืขื ืžืฆื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืขืฉื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื ื›ื” ื”ืืœื• ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืขื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ืื ื• ื•ื›ื•' ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ืกื™ ื—ื ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื".
ื’ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ื“ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“
ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ (ื—ืœืง ื™ื’ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืข) ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ื. " ืื‘ืœ ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื›ื–ื”, ื•ื ืขืœื ืžืืชื ื• ื›ืฉื ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืืžืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื ื• ืœื ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืื•ืจื".
ื•ื›ื” ืกื™ืคืจ ื ื›ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืช ื—ืชื•ื ืชื• ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื” ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื‘ื”. ื•ืืžืจ ืœืกื‘ื• ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืืžืจ ืœื• ืกื‘ื• ื›ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.
ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื โ€“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื

ื ื™ืกื™ืš ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืขื™ืžื ื•
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ื–ื›ื• ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช "ืžื•ื“ื™ื" ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉืžื•ื ื”-ืขืฉืจื” ืื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื "ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื ึดืกึผึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ื•ึนื ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื ึดืคึฐืœึฐืื•ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึตืช" ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืืœื ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ื•ึนื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื ืคืœืื•ืช ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึตืช.
ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ "ืึตื™ืŸ ืœึธืึธื“ึธื ื—ึตืœึถืง ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนืจึทืช ืžึนืฉืึถื” ืจึทื‘ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื ึผึทืึฒืžึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืงึฐืจึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ื ึดืกึผึดื™ื ืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื ื˜ึถื‘ึทืข ื•ึผืžึดื ึฐื”ึธื’ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธื—ึดื™ื“" ( ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื’ ื˜ื–). ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืชืฉืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื– ื; ืžื• ื˜ื•; ืฉืžื•ืช ื• ื‘; ื›ื’ ื›ื”; ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื— ื›ื˜; ื›ื• ื™ื; ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ื˜ื–; ื™ื ื™ื’; ื› ื˜). ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• " ื›ืœ ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ืงืชื, ื•ื›ืœ ืชืคืœื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื ื• ื•ื›ืœ ืชืคืœื•ืชื™ื ื• ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช, ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื ื•ื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ".
ื ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื™ื• ืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื”
ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ืฉื™ืฅ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืช ื—ื•ืœืฉื”. ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืื•ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืฉื” ื”' ืœื”ื ืขืฉืจ ืžื›ื•ืช ื•ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื›ื“'. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืคึธืกึทื— ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืื ื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืื• ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื, ื‘ืฉืขื” ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื•ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืœื”ื ืืฉ ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื (ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื“ื‘ืฉ ื' ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื’).
ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ืชืขืœื•
ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ืชืขืœื” ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื ึผึดืกึผึดื™ื" ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืฉื•ื ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข. ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื ืก ืžืฉืžื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ "ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื, ื•ื™ืžื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื".
ืœื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื. "ื•ึทืชึผึดืงึผึนื“ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืึทืคึผึทื™ึดื ืึถืจึถืฅ ื•ึทืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื—ื•ึผ ืœึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื•ึทืชึผึนืืžึถืจ ื™ึฐื—ึดื™ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ ืœึฐืขึนืœึธื". (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ืคืจืง ื ืœื). ืฉื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื ืœื—ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื ืก ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ื–ื” ืืช ื™ื“ ื”'. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš "ืœึฐื“ึธื•ึดื“ ืจึดื™ื‘ึธื” ื”' ืึถืช ื™ึฐืจึดื™ื‘ึทื™ ืœึฐื—ึทื ืึถืช ืœึนื—ึฒืžึธื™". ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”' ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืžื’ืŸ ื•ื—ื ื™ืช. "ื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึตืง ืžึธื’ึตืŸ ื•ึฐืฆึดื ึผึธื” ื•ึฐืงื•ึผืžึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึถื–ึฐืจึธืชึดื™: ื•ึฐื”ึธืจึตืง ื—ึฒื ึดื™ืช ื•ึผืกึฐื’ึนืจ ืœึดืงึฐืจึทืืช ืจึนื“ึฐืคึธื™ ืึฑืžึนืจ ืœึฐื ึทืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ื™ึฐืฉืึปืขึธืชึตืšึฐ ืึธื ึดื™" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”). ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ " ื•ื›ืœ ืชืคืœื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื ื• ื•ื›ืœ ืชืคืœื•ืชื™ื ื• ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช, ืืœื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ืฉื ื•ื™ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื".
ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืกื‘ื ืžืงืœื ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืชื™ืจืฅ ื”ืกื‘ื ืžืงืœื ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžื” ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ื ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื• ื ืก. ื•ืชื™ืจืฅ ืฉืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ืกื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื’ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ื“ืœื™ืงืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืก. ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ืก ืฉืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขืฆื•ื. ื•ื›ืฉืื“ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื ื ืก ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืง. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื”ืืจื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื.
ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉืคืช ืืžืช (ืชืจืกื): "ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืงืจื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขืœื™ื ื•ืžืกืชื™ืจ ื”ืื•ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื”ื”ืกืชืจื•ืช ื•ื’ื ื–ื• ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื". ื•ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” "ืื™ืชื ื‘ืจื•ืงื— ื›ื™ ื”ืœ"ื• ื ืจื•ืช ื“ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื•ืœ ื”ืœ"ื• ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืื™ืจ ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ื‘ืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืข"ืฉ. ื"ื› ื ืจืื” ืฉื ืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื–ื”ื• ืฉืจืžื–ื• ืฉืžืื™ืจ ืžืกื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืขืœื ื•ืกืชืจ ืขื•ืžื“ ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ื”ืื•ืจ". "ื•ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”' ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืืจื” ืžืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืจืฉืขื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ื—ื ื• ืชื•ืจืช ื”' ื•ื—ื•ืงื™ื• ื•ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื–ื›ื™ืจื”" (ืฉืคืช ืืžืช ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื—ื ื•ื›ื”) .

ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืžืชื’ืœื” ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ืฉื ื’ื ื– ื‘ืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื "ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืืžืช ื•ื‘ืชืžื™ื ืืœื™ื• ื ืจืื” ื•ื ื’ืœื” ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื–. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ - ื ืชื’ืœื” ืœื• ื”ืื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื–ื”ื• 'ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ื›ื•' ื•ื’ื ื– ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื'. ืจืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ืืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื’ื ื•ื– ืฉื ืชื’ืœื” ืืœื™ื”ื (ื ื•ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจืฉืช ืจืื”).
ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื
ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” (ืžืœื‘ื“ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืœืงื™ื). ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”' ื’ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ื•ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉืžืขืœื™ื•. ืฉื–ื” ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื’ื ื›ืŸ. ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืคืจื ืกืชื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจืง ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื“ ื”', ื•ื”' ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืคืจื ืก ืœื›ืœ.
ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื”

ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš
ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื”. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ืขื ื ื™ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”' ื•ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”. ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื "ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื›ึผึดืกึผึธื” ื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ืœึฐืึนื”ึถืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ื•ึผื‘ึธืขึถืจึถื‘ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ ื›ึผึฐืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึตืฉื ืขึทื“ ื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ: ื›ึผึตืŸ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืชึธืžึดื™ื“ ื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ื™ึฐื›ึทืกึผึถื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึตืฉื ืœึธื™ึฐืœึธื”" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื˜).
ืคืจื–ื•ืช ืชืฉื‘ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื”ื–ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืฉืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ืฉื ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœื ื•. ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืขืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืชืฉื‘ ืคืจื–ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื—ื•ืžื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘. "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึธื• ืจึปืฅ ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืึถืœ ื”ึทื ึผึทืขึทืจ ื”ึทืœึผึธื– ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืคึผึฐืจึธื–ื•ึนืช ืชึผึตืฉืึตื‘ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืžึตืจึนื‘ ืึธื“ึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธื”ึผ: ื•ึทืึฒื ึดื™ ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึผึธื”ึผ ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ื—ื•ึนืžึทืช ืึตืฉื ืกึธื‘ึดื™ื‘ ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึธื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึถื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธื”ึผ" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื‘)
ื•ื ืœื•ื• ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืืœ ื”' โ€“ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
ื’ื ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืขื ืงื™ื•ืžื ื• ื ืืžืจืช ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื–ื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืžืืคื™ื™ื ืช ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœื ื•. ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื ื” ืœื ื• ืขื•ืจืฃ, ื•ื›ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืงืฉืจื™ื ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื. ื’ื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจื• ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืœื ื ื™ืชืงื• ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ื’ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื ืก ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื "ื•ึฐื ึดืœึฐื•ื•ึผ ื’ื•ึนื™ึดื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ื ืึถืœ ื”' ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึดื™ ืœึฐืขึธื ื•ึฐืฉืึธื›ึทื ึฐืชึผึดื™ ื‘ึฐืชื•ึนื›ึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทืขึทืชึผึฐ ื›ึผึดื™ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืฉืึฐืœึธื—ึทื ึดื™ ืึตืœึธื™ึดืšึฐ".
ืžืฉืชื™ ืืช ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ โ€“ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
ื’ื ื”ืคืœื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•. ืฉื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืชื” ื ื‘ื•ืื”. "ื•ึดื™ื”ื•ึนืฉืึปึ•ืขึท ื”ึธื™ึธึฅื” ืœึธื‘ึปึ–ืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึธื“ึดึฃื™ื ืฆื•ึนืึดึ‘ื™ื ื•ึฐืขึนืžึตึ–ื“ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตึฅื™ ื”ึทืžึผึทืœึฐืึธึฝืšึฐ: ื•ึทื™ึผึทึฃืขึทืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ—ืืžึถืจ ืึถืœึพื”ึธืขึนืžึฐื“ึดึคื™ื ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•ึ™ ืœึตืืžึนึ”ืจ ื”ึธืกึดึ›ื™ืจื•ึผ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื’ึธื“ึดึฅื™ื ื”ึทืฆึผึนืึดึ–ื™ื ืžึตืขึธืœึธึ‘ื™ื• ื•ึทึฃื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึธึ—ื™ื• ืจึฐืึตึจื” ื”ึถืขึฑื‘ึทึคืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืžึตืขึธืœึถึ™ื™ืšึธึ™ ืขึฒื•ึนื ึถึ”ืšึธ ื•ึฐื”ึทืœึฐื‘ึผึตึฅืฉื ืึนืชึฐืšึธึ– ืžึทื—ึฒืœึธืฆึฝื•ึนืช". (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื’). ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื•ึผืžึทืฉืึฐืชึผึดึ›ื™ ืึถืชึพืขึฒื•ึนึฅืŸ ื”ึธืึธึฝืจึถืฅึพื”ึทื”ึดึ–ื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึฅื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธึฝื“". ื•ื’ื ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™.
ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” โ€“ ืื•ืžืฅ, ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื”ืงืจื‘ื”
ื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืžื—ื–ื” ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉืจื•ืื” ื–ื›ืจื™ื”. "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทื™ ืžึธื” ืึทืชึผึธื” ืจึนืึถื” ื•ึธืึนืžึทืจ ืจึธืึดื™ืชึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึฐื ื•ึนืจึทืช ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐื’ึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ื ึตืจึนืชึถื™ื”ึธ ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืžื•ึผืฆึธืงื•ึนืช ืœึทื ึผึตืจื•ึนืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ". ื•ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื• "ื•ึทื™ึผึทืขึทืŸ ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึตืœึทื™ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื–ึถื” ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ืึถืœ ื–ึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธื‘ึถืœ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืœึนื ื‘ึฐื—ึทื™ึดืœ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐื›ึนื—ึท ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื ื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช". (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื“).
ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืœ ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื”. ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื— ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืคืขืœ ื›ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื‘ืฉืคืœ ื•ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ืžื•ืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžื”, ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ.
ืจืžื™ื– ืœืฉืžืŸ ื“ื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ืืชื™ ืžืœืขื™ืœื
ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืจื•ืžื– ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• (ืคืจืฉืช ืžืงืฅ) ื›ื™ ืจื–ื ื“ื—ื ื•ื›ื” "ืจืžื™ื– ืœืฉืžืŸ ื“ื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ืืชื™ ืžืœืขื™ืœื". ืจื•ืžื– ืœืฉืคืข ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ ืžืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื•ืื” ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื (ืงืœื’) ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื”ื•ื "ื›ึผึทืฉืึผึถืžึถืŸ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืจึนืืฉื ื™ึนืจึตื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึธืงึธืŸ ื–ึฐืงึทืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผึนืจึตื“ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืžึดื“ึผื•ึนืชึธื™ื•" ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืฉืคืข ื’ืฉืžื™ "ื›ึผึฐื˜ึทืœ ื—ึถืจึฐืžื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผึนืจึตื“ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืจึฐืจึตื™ ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธื ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ื”' ืึถืช ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื

ื•ืžื ื•ืชืจ ืงื ืงื ื™ื โ€“ ื ืขืฉื” ื ืก ืœืฉื•ืฉื ื™ื
ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื“ืื•ื ื–"ืœ ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• "ืฉื•ืฉื ืช ื™ืจื™ื—ื•", ืคืฆืข ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืœ ืฉืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืจืคื ืื•ืชื•. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื• ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ืžืฉื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืื•ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“-ื—ื›ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉืืœ ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื”, ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืงืฆื” ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืชื•? ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: "ืฉืืœืช ื—ื›ื ื—ืฆื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืœื ืžืงืฆื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืœืง ื‘ื ืจื•ืช". ื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืœืžืจื•ื— ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื–ื” ืจืžื•ื– ื‘ืฉื™ืจ "ืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจ": "ื•ืžื ื•ืชืจ ืงื ืงื ื™ื โ€“ ื ืขืฉื” ื ืก ืœืฉื•ืฉื ื™ื".
(ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกืคืจ "ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš")

ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘
ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืข"ื, ื›ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื”ืชืงืฉืจื• ืืœื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื‘ื ื™-ื—ืคืฅ ืฉื‘ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ. ื‘ืชื ื ืคื’ืขื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื” ื‘ืชืื•ื ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื•ืชืงืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื›ืœื” ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืื™ื‘ืจ ืžืื™ื‘ืจื™ื”. ื”ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืžื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื”ืจื•ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”. ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื” ืื—ืจืช ืžืฉื•ืชืงืช, ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืžืจื•ื— ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืงืžื” ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”.
ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืžืงืขืจื™ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžืŸ ืžื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ื“ืœื™ืง, ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžืŸ ืžื ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื“ืœืงืชื™ ื•ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื”ื“ืœืงื ื• ืœืจื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•. ื ืชืชื™ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ื—ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื”, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื” ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื•ืœืงื•ื ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”.
ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคืœื ืžืžืฉ, ื›ื™ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื” ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืคืœืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœื™ ืžืงืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืงื•. ืœื ืœื›ื•ืœื ื–ื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ, ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืžื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ื•ืœืžื™ ืœื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื• ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื”ื.
ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื™ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืฉืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉื”ื“ืœื™ืง, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืืจ ื”ืฉืžืŸ, ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืงืช ื”ื–ืืช. ืื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื.
(ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฆื‘ื™ื” ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืชื—ื™ื”, ืืฉืช ื”ืจื‘)


ืฉืืœื•ืช
ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื›ื”ืจืฃ ื“ื•ืจ. ืžืจื•ื‘ ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืชื ื• ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื›ื”ืจืฃ ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ืื•ืžื ื?
ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฃ ืขื™ืŸ. ื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื“ื”. ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืชื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื“ื”. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืœื—ืžืช ืฉืฉืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช.

ื ืก ืจื‘ืชื™ . ืœืจื‘ ืฉืœื™ ื ืขืฉื” ื ืก ื•ื ื™ืฆืœ ืžืžื•ื•ืช. ื”ืื ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืœื• ื”ื ืก ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš "ืฉืขืฉื” ื ืก ืœืจื‘ื™" ื‘ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช?
ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš, ื ื”ื’ื ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช.

ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช . ืœืžื“ื ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื. ื”ืื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ื”ืื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื "ืš? ื”ืื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื ืก ืคืจื˜ื™?
ื] ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืคื” ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื•. ื‘] ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืชื "ืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘"ื›ืฃ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช, ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื”' ื‘ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื. ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื”ื ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื’] ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื ืก ืคืจื˜ื™.

ื˜ื™ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื ึดืกื™ื . ืžืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš "ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”"?
ื‘"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš" (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจื™"ื— ืกืขื™' ื˜') ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื ืก ืืœื ื‘ื ืก ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื ื™ืฆืœ ืžื˜ื™ืœ ืฉื ืคืœ ืœื™ื“ื• โ€“ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืฉืขืฉื” ืœื™ ื ืก ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”" ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื•ืื ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ืžืขืœื”, ืžื‘ืจืš ื›ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื•ื. ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืก ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืื” ื•ืขืฉืจื™ื. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืกื•ืคืง ืื ื”ื ืก ืฉืœื• ื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืœ โ€“ ื™ื‘ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช.







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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื•ื“ืงื‘ื™ืฅ'
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il