ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
1899
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”, ื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”
ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ื™ืžื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืœื“ืช. ืฉื ื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึตืจ ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึทื–ึฐืจึดื™ืขึท ื•ึฐื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ื–ึธื›ึธืจ ื•ึฐื˜ึธืžึฐืึธื” ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื›ึผึดื™ืžึตื™ ื ึดื“ึผึทืช ื“ึผึฐื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ืชึผึดื˜ึฐืžึธื: ื•ึผื‘ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืžึดื™ื ึดื™ ื™ึดืžึผื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึทืจ ืขึธืจึฐืœึธืชื•ึน: ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึดื™ื ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึนืฉืึถืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืชึผึตืฉืึตื‘ ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐืžึตื™ ื˜ึธื”ึณืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ืœึนื ืชึดื’ึผึธืข ื•ึฐืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ืœึนื ืชึธื‘ึนื ืขึทื“ ืžึฐืœึนืืช ื™ึฐืžึตื™ ื˜ึธื”ึณืจึธื”ึผ: ื•ึฐืึดื ื ึฐืงึตื‘ึธื” ืชึตืœึตื“ ื•ึฐื˜ึธืžึฐืึธื” ืฉืึฐื‘ึปืขึทื™ึดื ื›ึผึฐื ึดื“ึผึธืชึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืฉืึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึฐืฉืึตืฉืึถืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืชึผึตืฉืึตื‘ ืขึทืœ ื“ึผึฐืžึตื™ ื˜ึธื”ึณืจึธื”" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื‘).
ืžื™ ืฉื™ืœื“ื” ื–ื›ืจ ื˜ืžืื” ืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื™ืžื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ 33 ื™ืžื™ื. ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ืœื“ื” ื ืงื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื™ืžื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื โ€“ 14. ื•ื™ืžื™ ื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœื™ื โ€“ 66. ื”ื˜ืขื ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื•ืœื˜ื•ืžืื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืืฉื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื ื‘ืจืื• ื”ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื”ื ืงื‘ื” ื›ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืื—ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ื. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ืžื’ื‘ื ื•ื‘ื ื” ืืช ื”ืฆืœืข (ื”ืฆื“) ืฉืœืงื— ืžื”ืื“ื ืœืืฉื”. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื”ืืฉื” ื ื•ืฆืจื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื. ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืื“ื, ื•ืคืขื ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื›ืฉืืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืื“ื ื•ื‘ื ื” ืื•ืชื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืืฉื”. ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื”, ื’ื "ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืื“ื" ื•ื’ื "ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืฆืœืžื•".

ืœื—ืœื•ืช ืคื ื™ ืืฉืชื•
ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืงื‘ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ื’ื ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื•ื’ื ื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”. "ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืืœื•ืงื™ื". ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ. ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื˜ื•ืžืื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”. ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื—ื˜ื ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื“ื ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืืฉื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืœืชืช ืœืืฉื” ืžื ื” ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืžื”ื—ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ื›ืฉืื“ื ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืงื— ื›ื–ื™ืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืืฉืชื• ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ื›ืš ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘"ืื–ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื—ื™ืŸ": "ืœืžื‘ืฆืข ืขืœ ืจื™ืคืชื ื›ื–ื™ืชื ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืขืชื" โ€“ ื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”. ืœืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืจืก ื›ื–ื™ืช, ื•ืœืืฉืชื• ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืจืก ื›ื‘ื™ืฆื”, ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื•, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืœืœื›ืช ืขื ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืžืœื ืจืฆื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืฉืชื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ โ€“ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืคื•ืœื”

ืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื™ืžื™ื
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืคื ื™ื, ื’ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. "ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืฉืึธื‘ึปืขึนืช ืชึผึดืกึฐืคึผึธืจ ืœึธืšึฐ ืžึตื”ึธื—ึตืœ ื—ึถืจึฐืžึตืฉื ื‘ึผึทืงึผึธืžึธื” ืชึผึธื—ึตืœ ืœึดืกึฐืคึผึนืจ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืฉืึธื‘ึปืขื•ึนืช" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื– ื˜). ื‘ืกืคืจ ื•ื™ืงืจื (ื›"ื’ ื™) ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืกืคื•ืจ: "ื•ึผืกึฐืคึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืช ืขึนืžึถืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึธื” ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืชื•ึนืช ืชึผึฐืžึดื™ืžึนืช ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื™ื ึธื”".
ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื›ืฉื ืฉืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช-ื“ื™ืŸ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืกืชืคืงื™ื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื’ื ื™ืžื™ื. ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื’ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื™ืžื™ื "ืขึทื“ ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดืช ืชึผึดืกึฐืคึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื™ื•ึนื ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื—ึฒื“ึธืฉืึธื” ืœื”'".
ื”ื’ืžืจื ืœื•ืžื“ืช ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื’ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ืื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ื›ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื. "ืืžืจ ืื‘ื™ื™: ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžื™ืžื ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื•ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืžื™ืžื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™. ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืžื ื• ื™ื•ืžื™ ื•ืžื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™" (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืกื• ืข"ื). ืœืžื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืฉืชื™ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ?
ืœืขื•ืžืช ืื‘ื™ื™ ืฉืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ื—ื›ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื, ืืžื™ืžืจ, ืฉืกืคืจ ืจืง ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื". "ืืžื™ืžืจ ืžื ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื•ืœื ืžื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™, ืืžืจ: ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื". ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉืืžื™ืžืจ ืžื ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžืจ ืงืจื‘ ื•ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืžื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ.
ื“ืขืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ื•ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืžื• ืืžื™ืžืจ, ื•ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืกืคื™ืŸ ืคืจืง ื– ื›ื‘) ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื“ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ ืืฉื™, ืฉืกืคืจื• ื’ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ื•ืœื“ืขืชื ืกืคื™ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืกื™' ืชืค"ื˜ ื“"ื” ืœืกืคื•ืจ, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื•ืชื).

ืกืคื™ืจื” ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ"
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื–"ืœ ("ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืื“ื ื•ื—ื•ื”" ื ืชื™ื‘ ื” ื—ืœืง ื“ ื“ืฃ ืžื“ ื˜ื•ืจ ื’), ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื’ืื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื–ื™ืข"ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” "ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื" (ืขืž' ืจื›"ื“ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'). ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืฆืžื™ื“ื” ืจืง ืืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื•ึผืกึฐืคึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืช ืขึนืžึถืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึธื” ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืชื•ึนืช ืชึผึฐืžึดื™ืžึนืช ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื™ื ึธื”". ืื‘ืœ ืืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืฆืžื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืจืง ืžื“ื™ืŸ "ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ". ืื‘ืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉืชื™ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช (ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืงืก"ื).
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื ื—ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ืœื“ืขืช ืืžื™ืžืจ ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืœืœ. ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืœื ืจืง ื™ืžื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ื•ื›ื•'. ืœืจืžื•ื– ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื ืกืžื›ืช ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
ื–ืืช ื’ื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• "ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ" ื•ืœื "ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื", ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืขื•ืžืจ. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืกืคื™ืจืช ื™ืžื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืœืจืžื•ื– ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื "ืœ.

ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ืงื™ื™ื
ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื˜ื”ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉืืฉื” ื ื˜ื”ืจืช ืžื˜ื•ืžืื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ืงื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืžื˜ืžืื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืชื–ืจื ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ื” ืฆื ืชืืžืจ ืœื•" (ืžืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ืช ืค"ื˜ ืž"ื). ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” "ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช" ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ืงื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื”ืจื”. ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืžื–ืช ืœื”ื™ื˜ื”ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ืžื˜ื•ืžืื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื” ืžืฆืขืจ ืื•ืชื ื• (ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ืขื’ืžืช ื ืคืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœืืจืฅ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžืจ).
ืจืžื– ืœื›ืš ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื˜ื”ืจื” ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื” ืžืฉืขื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื›ืœ ืžื ื—ื” ืื—ืจืช, ื•ืจืง ืžื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืกื•ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ืžืฉืขื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื›ืœ ื‘ื”ืžื” (ืื• ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื” ื‘ื™ืจื” ืœืฉื›ืจื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื). ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืื ื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื˜ื™ื, ืฉื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ื ืžืื›ืœ ืื“ื. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ืื ื• ืžืชืขืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืžืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉ"ื‘ืฉืจ ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืจื" ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื "ืืชื ืงืจื•ื™ื™ื ืื“ื".
ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืžืฆื ืจืžื– ืœื›ืš ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืขื•ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื "ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ืกืขืจืช ื”'". "ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื ืกื™ื ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืฉืคื ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื™"ื‘ ืืœืฃ ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืฉืžืชื•". ื•ืื™ื ื• ืกื•ืชืจ ื›ื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืœื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื ื™ื–ื•ืงื™ื ื—"ื•.

ืกืคื™ืจืช ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” โ€“ ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”
ืœืขื•ืžืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ืกื•ืจ ืžืจืข" ืžื˜ื•ืžืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘", ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื›ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ืขืœ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื›ื— ืข"ื): "ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืžืฉื” 'ืชืขื‘ื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื”' ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•, ืื™ืžืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•? ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืœืกื•ืฃ ื—ืžืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื. ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืœืขืฆืžื•. ืžื›ืืŸ ืงื‘ืขื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื ืขื•ืžืจ ืืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื ' ื™ื•ื ืœืฉืžื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ".
ื›ืš ื’ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ื‘"ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืจื›ื”" (ืื•"ื— - ืกื™ืžืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืฆื“) ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ืžื•ืจื” ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื (ื—"ื’ ืคืž"ื’) ืฉืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, "ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื ืžื ื• ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื•, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืžืชื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื’ื ื”ืฉืขื•ืช. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืกื™ื‘ืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืžื™ื•ื ืฆืืชื ื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื" (ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—"ื’ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืคื“, ืžื”ืจืื "ื— ื‘ื“ืจืฉื•ืชื™ื• ืคืจ' ืืžื•ืจ ื“' ื ื—).
ื”ื—ื™ื“"ื ืฉื ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ "ืฉื‘ืœื™ ื”ืœืงื˜" (ืฉื‘ืœืช ืจืœื•) ืฉืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืจืžื– ื‘ืžื™ืœื” "ืชืขื‘ื“ื•ืŸ" ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื ื•"ืŸ ื™ืชื™ืจื”. ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืชืขื‘ื“ื•" ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ื•"ืŸ ืœืจืžื•ื– ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื. ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ืจื•ื—ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื "ืžืจื•ื‘ ืฉืžื—ืชื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ื›ื—ืชืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื›ืœืชื• ืœื—ื•ืคื”".

ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื•ืช
ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ืชืค"ื˜ ืก"ืง ื') ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ "ื•ืžื™ื”ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื•ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื™ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื”". ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื” ื“ืฃ ืงืค"ื•) ื•ื‘ืจืขื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื ืคืจ' ืืžื•ืจ (ื“ืฃ ืฆ"ื–) ืžื•ื‘ื ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืชืกืคื•ืจื ื” ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื"ื— (ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืจื‘ ืคืขืœื™ื ื—"ื ืกื•ื“ ื™ืฉืจื™ื ืกื™' ื™ื‘) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืกืคื•ืจ.
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืคืขื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื, "ื ื™ืชื ื” ืจืืฉ ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืฆืจื™ืžื”", ื•ืคืขื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆืœืคื—ื“ ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ื ื—ืœื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืคืขื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžืงื˜ืจื’ ืขืœื™ื”ื, "ื”ืœืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื•ื”ืœืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”". ื•ืคืขื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• "ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ืืœื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื". ื”ื›ื™ืฆื“? ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”?
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ื’ื•ืขื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืขืจื™ื•ืช. ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืคืจืกืžื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘. ืžื›ืืŸ ืืชื” ืœืžื“ ืฉืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ืœืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ.

ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ โ€“ ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื
 ืกืคื™ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื โ€“ ืืฃ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื” ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืกื•, ื ื“"ื” ื–ื›ืจ) ืื ื• ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื“ืื™. ื•ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื“ืื™, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืœืกื‘ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจื™"ืฃ, ืขืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื”, ืฉืกื‘ืจื• ื›ื™ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.
ื”ืคืกืงืช ืื›ื™ืœื” ืœืฉื ืกืคื™ืจื” โ€“ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืื ืื“ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง. ืืžื ื ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” โ€“ ืื ื–ื• ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื โ€“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง. ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืงืจื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืœืงืจื•ื ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข. ืืžื ื ืื ื–ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ.
ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ืื“ื ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ืกืคืจ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ? ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืคื˜ ืก"ืข ื“) "ื•ื›ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืกืคื•ืจ. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืคื•ืกืง ื•ืกื•ืคืจ; ืžื™ื”ื• ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืœื ื’ื•ืžืจ ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื–ื• ื“ืขืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื.
ืืžื ื ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื• ื’ื ืœืžืืŸ ื“ืืžืจ ืฉืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. ืฉ"ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืชื™ืงื ื•". ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ (ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื–) "ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืกืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืž"ืž ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื˜ื•ืจื— ื›ืœืœ ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืžืขื˜ ื•ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœืกื‘ืจื ืจืืฉื•ื ื”" (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืก"ืง ืก"ื— ื•ืžืฉ"ื‘ ืก"ืง ื›"ื”).
ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช โ€“ ืจืื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืืžื™ืžืจ ืฉืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืคืจ ืจืง ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ืื ื›ืŸ ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื’ื ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื’ื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช? ื•ื’ื ื–ื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื’ื ืœืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ. "ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืชืงื•ืŸ".
ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” โ€“ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ืกื—ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“" ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื”". ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ื”ึดื ึฐื ึดื™ ืžื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ื•ึผืžึฐื–ื•ึผืžึธืŸ ืœึฐืงึทื™ึผึตื ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึทืช ืขึฒืฉึนึตื” ืฉืึถืœ ืกึฐืคึดื™ืจึทืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนืžึถืจ. ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืชื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ื•ึผืกึฐืคึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืžึดื™ื•ึนื ื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืช ืขื•ึนืžึถืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึธื”. ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืชื•ึนืช ืชึผึฐืžึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื™ื ึธื”. ืขึทื“ ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ืช ืชึผึดืกึฐืคึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื™ื•ึนื. ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื—ึฒื“ึธืฉืึธื” ืœื”'. ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ ืฉืจืฆื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื "ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื”", ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื’ืื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื™ื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืืฃ-ืขืœ-ืคื™-ื›ืŸ ืœื ืฉืœื— ื™ื“ื• ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืชื•, ื•ื›ืžื” ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ. 1] ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื. 2] ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืงืจืื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื. 3] ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ". ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื ื•? ื‘ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ืจื•ืš". ื•ืื ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ืืช ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืชื” ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื ื•ืกื— "ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“".

ื•ืกืคืจืชื ืœื›ื โ€“ ืกืคื™ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“


ืœื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”
"ื•ึผืกึฐืคึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึดืžึผึธื—ึณืจึทืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึทื‘ึผึธืช ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืึฒื›ึถื ืึถืช ืขึนืžึถืจ ื”ึทืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึธื” ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึธืชื•ึนืช ืชึผึฐืžึดื™ืžึนืช ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื™ื ึธื”" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื’ ื˜ื•). ื”ื’ืžืจื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืขืœ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื”: ืช"ืจ "ื•ืกืคืจืชื ืœื›ื", ืฉืชื”ื ืกืคื™ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืกื” ืข"ื‘).
ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœื ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื”, ื•ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ืขืฆืžื”. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืกื•ืคืจื™ื. ืจืง ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืกืคืจ ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืกืคื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื•ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืชื•, ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื–ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœื ืกืคืจื• ื•ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืกืคื™ืจืชื• ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื”, ืื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื™ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ืจืš ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”. ืืš ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื›ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉืœื™ื— ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืจืš ื•ืกืคืจ, ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ืจืš ื•ืœื ืกืคืจ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื”ืื ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ืขืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื”, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืื• ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื”ื ื—ืช ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืœืงื™ื—ืช ืœื•ืœื‘, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•?
ื“ืขืช ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืžื™ืขืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื•, ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื•ืœื‘, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ื™ืฆื, ืฉืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืืŸ ื›ืœื•ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคื™ืจื”. ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืคื˜ ืก"ืง ื‘): "ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืกืคื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื 'ื•ืกืคืจืชื' ืฉืชื”ื ืกืคื™ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“. ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืืžืจื• ื’ื‘ื™ ืœื•ืœื‘ 'ื•ืœืงื—ืชื' ืฉืชื”ื ืœืงื™ื—ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“, ื•ื‘ื‘"ื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืฅ ืข"ืฉ ื•ืฆ"ืข. ื•ืืคืฉืจ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืงื™"ืœ ื“ืฉื•ืžืข ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ื›ืืœื• ืกืคืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื•" ื•ื›ื•'.
ื”"ืคืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ" ืžื—ืœืง ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื•ืœื‘ ืœืกืคื™ืจื”. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ืขื•ื ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืงืœ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื•ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืชื•, ื•ื’ื ื”ื—ื–ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• โ€“ ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืืš ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื• (ื›ืŸ ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ืžืฉื‘"ืจ ืก"ืง ื”' ื•ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื›ื”"ื— ืก"ืง ื™"ื’ ืข"ืฉ. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›"ื™ ืฉื ืก"ืง ื•' ืฉื”ืืจื™ืš ื‘ื–ื”).

ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืขื“ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”
ืฉื•ืืœ ื’ืื•ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื"ื— (ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืžื•ื“ ืจื›"ื): ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืฉื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืกืคื™ืจื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“? ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉื” "ื‘ื”ื•ืฆื™ืืš ืืช ื”ืขื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ืชืขื‘ื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื”". ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืžื’ืžืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื•ืจื”.
ืืžื ื ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ื ื”. ืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื•. ื’ื ืœื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื•ืื“ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ื ืชื• ื•ื˜ื”ืจืชื• ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ "ืงื•ืœ ื”' ื‘ื›ื•ื—" โ€“ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“.
ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ-ืคื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืœืฉื™ืš ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ืจืื”" ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ื ืืžืจื• ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ โ€“ "ืืœืงื™ืš", "ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ืš", "ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš", "ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช", "ื›ื‘ื“ ืืช" โ€“ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™. ื•ืข"ื› ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ื•ืกืคืจืชื" โ€“ ืกืคื™ืจื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™.

ืื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจื”

ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ
ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืกื•ื“ ื™ืฉืจื™ื" (ื—ืœืง ื“ - ืฉืืœื” ื˜ื•) ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช (ื“ืฃ ืค"ื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื’) ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” "ื”ึธืจึทื—ึฒืžึธืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึทืช ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ืœึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึดืžึฐื”ึตืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ึธืžึตื™ื ื•ึผ", ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ, ื•ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช "ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ" ืื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. " ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืŸ ื ืชืงืŸ ืื™ื–ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื•ืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ". ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ืคื–ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ื•ืžื“ืœื’ ืขืœ "ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“" ื•"ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—" ื•ื›ื•'. ืœื ื™ื“ืœื’ ืขืœ "ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ" ื–ื” ืฉืขืจื›ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืžื™ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ื™ืฉ ืกืคื™ืจื” ื›ื ื’ื“ื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ืกื“ ืฉื‘ื—ืกื“ ืื• ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ืืœื•? ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง "ืœึฐืšึธ ื”' ื”ึทื’ึผึฐื“ึปืœึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืชึผึดืคึฐืึถืจึถืช ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผึตืฆึทื— ื•ึฐื”ึทื”ื•ึนื“. ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึนืœ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึธืึธืจึถืฅ. ืœึฐืšึธ ื”' ื”ึทืžึผึทืžึฐืœึธื›ึธื”. ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึดืชึฐื ึทืฉึผึตื ืœึฐื›ึนืœ ืœึฐืจึนืืฉื". ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืœืš ื”'" ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช.
ืืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื™ื ืขืœ "ื•ื”ืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื•", ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืงื— ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืš ืฉื ื”' ื”ื™ื” ื ืงืจื ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื”ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”' ื•ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื“ืจื›ื•. ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืชืคืืจืช ื•ืžืฉื” ื‘ื ืฆื— ื•ื›ื•'.
ื›ืš ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ ื”ืคืกื— ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื™ื) "ื’ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื“ื ืœื›ื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืž"ื˜ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืœืชืงืŸ ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–' ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช. ื•ื”ืžืฉืœ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื' ื™ื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ื ื•ืคื’ื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘' ื™ื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืืฉืจ ื—ื˜ื ื•ืคื’ื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื–' ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช".

ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื— โ€“ ืชืคื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžื•ืคื™ืข "ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—" ืœืคื ื™ "ืœืžื ืฆื—", ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ "ืœืžื ืฆื—". ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืฉืืœื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืื• ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ื™ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—" ื•"ืœืžื ืฆื—" ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช. ืฉื ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœ "ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—" ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” "ืœืžื ืฆื—", ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืกืคืจื™ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืืœื•.
ื”ืคืฉื˜ ืฉืœ "ืื ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—" ื”ื•ื ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื” "ืฆืจื•ืจื”". ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ื•ื–ื• ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืฉ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฆื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคื™ืกื™ ืžืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืž"ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื’ื“ ืž"ื‘ ืžืกืขื•ืช ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ืขื“ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืฆืขื“ ื’ืฉืžื™, ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื“ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืœื”ืชืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื“ืจื’ืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื ื”' ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื ืž"ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื”'. ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืงืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืืจืฅ, ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืขืœื”, ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืขืœื” ื›ืš ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื ื”' ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.

ืœืžื ืฆื— ื‘ื ื’ื™ื ื•ืช โ€“ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื
ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช: "ื’ื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœืžื•ืจื™ ื–"ืœ ืžืงืคื™ื“ ื•ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืžืื“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืื—ืจ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืืœืงื™ื ื™ื—ื ื ื• ื›ื•' ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืขื•ืžื“ ื•ืœื›ื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ืž"ื˜ ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื™' ื' ืžืž"ื˜ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื•ื›ื•'".
ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื”ื•ื™ื”. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื”ืืจื” ื‘ืฉื ืืœื•ืงื™ื. "ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื™ึฐื—ึธื ึผึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึดื™ื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึตื ื•ึผ. ื™ึธืึตืจ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืึดืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืกึถืœึธื”" ื›ื ื’ื“ "ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš ื”' ื•ื™ืฉืžืจืš. ื™ืืจ ื”' ืคื ื™ื• ืืœื™ืš ื•ื™ื—ื ืš" ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืืช ืจืง ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืืœื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืžืžืฉ. "ืœึธื“ึทืขึทืช ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื“ึผึทืจึฐื›ึผึถืšึธ. ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึถืšึธ", ืฉื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœื”' ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉืคื˜ ืืžืช. "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืฉืึฐืคึผึนื˜ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืžึดื™ืฉืึนืจ. ื•ึผืœึฐืึปืžึผึดื™ื ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืชึผึทื ึฐื—ึตื ืกึถืœึธื”", ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ืžืžื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช "ื•ืฉืžืžื• ืขืœื™ื” ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”". ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื™ื•ึนื“ื•ึผืšึธ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื. ื™ื•ึนื“ื•ึผืšึธ ืขึทืžึผึดื™ื ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื: ืึถืจึถืฅ ื ึธืชึฐื ึธื” ื™ึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึธื”ึผ. ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึตื ื•ึผ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ืึฑืœึนืงึตื™ื ื•ึผ".
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•. ืืžืŸ.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ

ืงื•ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ื“ื•ื
ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืคืจืฆื• ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื‘ืžืฆืคื” ื™ืจื™ื—ื• ื•ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื• ืกืคืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉ ืจื‘. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื” ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉืช "ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื" ื›ืš ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื›ืžื” ืžืชืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืฆืœื• ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”. ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืฉืขืช ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื•ื•ืืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื, ื ืชื ืืœ ืื•ื—ื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืกื™ื“ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืžืงื•ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืกืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื•ื ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ืŸ.
ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื˜ื•ืœื™ื“ืื ื• ื•ื’ืœืขื“ ื™ืขืจื™, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืจื›ื ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื•ื ืืชื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืจื‘. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื—ื‘ื™ื‘: ืื ืืชื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื ืงืจื ืœืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”. ื•ื‘ื˜ืจื ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืฃ ืžื•ื ื— "ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ื—ืœืง ื”'. ืคืชื— ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ 169, ื•ืžืฆื ืฉื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื›ื•ืชืจืชื•: "ืงื•ื ืงื•ื, ื“ื•ื ื“ื•ื"!
ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ, ืฉื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ 17, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ, ื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ืŸ, ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืจื›ื•. ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืงื•ื ืœืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ, ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ืœื ื”ืจืคื” ืžืžื ื•. ื•ื›ืš ื”ืœื›ื• ืฉื ื™ ื”ืื—ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืขื ื”ื ืฅ ื”ื—ืžื”. ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื™ืจื• ื”ื™ืจื“ื ื™ื ื•ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ืžื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ.
ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘: ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื ืชื ืืœ: ืฉืžืช ืœื‘ ืžื” ืงืจืื ื•? ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืžืฉ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•! ื”ืžืกืจ ืžื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉ"ืงื•ื ืงื•ื" ื•ืœืš ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืงืจื•ื•ืืŸ, ื•ืื ืœื ืื– ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืžื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื. ื’ืœืขื“ ื ื‘ื”ืœ ื•ืืžืจ: "ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื, ืืœ ืชื’ื™ื“ ื›ืš". ืื‘ืœ ื ืชื ืืœ ื”ืชืจืฆื” ื•ื”ืœืš ืืชื ื•.
ืœืžื—ืจืช ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื”ื ืก ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื•ืชื™ืงื™ืŸ ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืจืก ืฉื–ืจืขื• ื”ืžื—ื‘ืœื™ื. ื”ื ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ืœืงืจื•ื•ืื ื™ื ื”ื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื›ืœืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื ื• ืื ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืœื ืชื ืืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ืื ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืื”ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ืชืชื ืงืจื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื.

undefined

ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืขื•ืžืจ
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    1:00
    ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ืชื ื•

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ืœืœื™

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช "ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ื•" ื•ื”ื—ืœืชื” ืขืœ ื ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื” ืœื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจ"ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”"ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžืœืš" ื•ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื", ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ื•ืื•ื ืก ื ืขืจื”, ื•ืžื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื’ื“ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœืœ "ืขืฉื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืœื ืชืขืฉื”" ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื•ืฆืืช-ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    42 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช โ€“ ืคื™ืชื•ืœื™ื ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื

    ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื ืช? ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืงื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืคืจื”? ื•ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื’ืœ?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    5 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื—ื•ืงืช - ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืœื•ื— ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    47 ื“ืง'
    ื ื“ืจื™ื

    ืžื™ ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘"ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืื• ื”ืžื•ื“ืจ ?

    ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•.

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื ืชื— ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ (ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื ื“ืจื™ื ื“ืฃ ื˜"ื•) ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื™ ื—ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ "ื‘ืœ ื™ื—ืœ" ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืžื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื ื›ืกื™ื•. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืคืœืจ), ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื’ื“ืจื™ ืžื”ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ื ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื’ื‘ืจืื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื“ืจ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืฉื“ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื™ืชื—ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’ | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    42 ื“ืง'
    ืงืจื—

    ืงื•ืจื— - ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืงื•ืจื—, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉืชื• ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื ื‘ืขื” ืžื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ื“ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    37 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื”

    ืคืกืงื” ืœ' - ืœ"ื

    ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” | ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช | ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ | ื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ | ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืฉืœืืจ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช |ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืช ืœืœืื•ื.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    51 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”

    ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘

    ื”ืจื—ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘''ื ื•ื”ืจืžื‘''ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื”ืขื•ื”''ื‘. ื”ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืžื•ืœ, ื•ื“ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจื™ืืœ | ื›"ื˜ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค''ื•
  • undefined
    1:02
    ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืขืฆืžืš ื›ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื

    ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืชืคื“ื” - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื”

    ืžืฉื ื” ืื‘ื•ืช | ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ | ืžืชืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืจื™ื‘ ืœื• ืœื | ืžื˜ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ | ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” | ืžืฆื™ืœ ืขืฉื•ืง ืžื™ื“ ืขืฉืงื• | ืคืชื— ืคื™ืš ืœืื™ืœื

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    38 ื“ืง'
    ืžืœื›ื™ื - ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™

    ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื

    ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘' ืคืจืง ื›"ื” ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื›"ื‘ - ืœ'

    ืœืžื” ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื›ื™ืŸ? ื•ืžื”ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื™ืงื? ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื›ื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ - ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื ื›ืŸ - ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    42 ื“ืง'
    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

    ืœื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื' , ืœ"ื— - ืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžื’ืœืžืช ืืช ืžื”ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ื”ืฉื’ืช ื ื—ืžื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขืžื•ืง ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื•ืœื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื›"ื– ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืคืœื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืœื. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืชื’ืœื” ืข"ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ- ื”ืœื‘ ื‘ืื•ืžื•ืช- ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื’ืœื” ืคืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื›"ื“ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il