ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
  • ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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12 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื™"ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืœืžื“ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” โ€“ ืžื‘ื•ื ืœืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ื‘'. ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” 'ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช'.

ืžืื•ื“ ืงืœ ืœืฉื›ื ืข ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—, ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืฉืื“ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช (!) ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉื™ื ืฉื ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฆื“ ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงืช, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™...
ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื (ืคืจืฉืช ื›ื™ ืชื‘ื•ื ืคืจืง ื›"ื— ืคืกื•ืง ืž"ื–). ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืคืจื˜ืช ืืช ื”ืงืœืœื•ืช ื”ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื ืื ืœื ื ืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื”: "ืชื—ืช ืืฉืจ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื ืืœืงื™ืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘ ืžืจื‘ ื›ืœ" ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื:

"ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื™ืฉืžื— ืื“ื ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืœ ืฉืฆื•ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ. ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื. ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ื ืข ืขืฆืžื• ืžืฉืžื—ื” ื–ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืคืจืข ืžืžื ื•, ืฉื ืืžืจ ืชื—ืช ืืฉืจ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ืช ืืช ื”' ืืœื”ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘"
(ืจืžื‘"ื ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื•ืœื‘ ืคืจืง ื—' ื”ืœื›ื” ื˜"ื•)

ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื˜ืจื” ืืœื ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื”, ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื–ื” ืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื— ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื–ื”, ืืœื ืฉื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืคื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื— ืžืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืžืงืจื‘ืช ื”ืฉื. ืื ืื ื™ ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืœื ืฉืžื—ื” ืื– ื–ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืื• ืฉืื™ื ื™ ืžืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืืœื™ื•.
ื‘ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื ื™ื. ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื 2 ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”, ืื—ื“ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื•ืื—ื“ ืคืจืงื˜ื™.
ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉืžื—, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืื™ื ื ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขืชื•, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื "ื›ื•ืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ", ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžื”ืฉื ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ:

ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืœืš ื‘ื™ื ื”. ื›ื™ ืœื ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื™ืฉื›ื•ืŸ ืื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื‘ืฉืจื™ื (ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจืชื ื”ื ืื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“) ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื•ืžื–ื•ื ื™ (ื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื” ื–ื• "ื‘ื ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช" ื”ื™ื ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”) ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืืจื–"ืœ ื‘ื˜ืœ ืจืฆื•ื ืš ื›ื•', ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื‘ื˜ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฉื•ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”.
ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ (ืื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืืจ ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉื ื™ื ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื) ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืืžื•ื ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงืจื (ื”ืขืจื”: ื”'ืื™ืŸ' ืฉืžืžื ื• ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• 'ืื™ืŸ' ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ "ืจื™ืง" ืื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ โ€“ ืฉืœื’ื‘ื™ื ื•, ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืชืคื™ืกื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื™ื, ื ืจืื” 'ืื™ืŸ') 'ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื”' ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ื›ืžืชื• ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ืœืฉื•ื ื ื‘ืจื (ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช). (ื•)ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ืจื’ืข, ืฉืžืชื”ื•ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื›ืžืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœ. ื•ื›ืฉื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื‘ื ืชื• ื•ื™ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืžืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื•ืจื’ืข ืžืžืฉ, ื”ืื™ืš ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชื• ื›ื™ ืจืข ืœื• ืื• ืฉื•ื ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื•ืžื–ื•ื ื™ ืื• ืฉืืจื™ ื™ืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื? ื”ืจื™ ื”'ืื™ืŸ' ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื›ืžืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš, ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืขื•ื ื’ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื“ืŸ ืฉืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื, ืจืง ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’, ืœื›ืŸ ื ื“ืžื” ืœื• ืจืข ืื• ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืจืข ื™ื•ืจื“ ืžืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืจืง ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœื• ื•ืจื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ื• ... ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื›ื›ื•ืคืจ ื—"ื• ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื—ื™ืงื•ึผ ืžื“ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื“ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืืžืช.

ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ, ืฉืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืขืฆื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืžืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“. ื•ืื ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื•, ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ.
ืžื—ืจ ื ืจืื” ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืคืจืงื˜ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื ื™ื, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืžืืžืจ ื–ื”ืจ ืžืคืชื™ืข ืฉืฆื•ื˜ื˜ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืœื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื•.


โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื‘'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื™"ื’ ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ืืชืžื•ืœ ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืืžื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื ื™ื ืœืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืช ืฉืžื—. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืœ, ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื•:

ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืื•ื“ืขื™ (ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข) ื›ืœืœ ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ - ืœื ืฆื— ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ืฉืžื™, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืชืื‘ืงื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื ื”, ืื ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื™ื ื•ืฆื— ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื’ื ืื ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ื›ื›ื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆืจ: ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืฆื—ื• ื‘ืขืฆืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืžื˜ื•ื ื”ืœื‘ ื›ืื‘ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืžืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื•ื˜ื”ืจืชื• ืžื›ืœ ื ื“ื ื•ื“ ื“ืื’ื” ื•ืขืฆื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
(ืชื ื™ื ืคืจืง ื›"ื•)

ืื“ื, ืœืคื™ ื–ื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื—, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืชืžื™ื“ื™, ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื•ืจืื•, ื•ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ื‘ ืœื ื™ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื” ื›ืจืื•ื™!
ืœืื—ืจ ืงื˜ืข ื–ื” ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ืžืงื“ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื’ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื "ืชื•ืจื ื™ื™ื" ื›ืžื• ืขืฆื‘ ืขืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื•ื›ื•' (ืฉื•ื•ื” ืงืจื™ืื”...).
ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ืื ื• ืขื“ ืขืชื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืชื ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื›ืžืฆื•ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืืœื™ื” ื›ืžื˜ืจื”, ืืœื ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื ืจืื•ื™ื” ืื• ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื ืจืื•ื™ื”.
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ืœืฉืžื—ื”, ืื•ืชื” ื ื‘ื™ื ื›ืขืช, ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•: ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืœื•ื‘ืื‘ื™ืฅ' ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘:

ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ืžืœืžื˜ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ื›ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ: (ืชืฆื•ื” ืงืคื“ ื‘) (ื›ืืŸ ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืืžืจ ื–ื•ื”ืจ, ืฉื ื‘ื™ืื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžืœื•ืื•): ืชึผึธื ื—ึฒื–ึตื™, ืขึธืœึฐืžึธื ืชึผึทืชึผึธืึธื”, ืงึทื™ึผึฐื™ืžึธื ืœึฐืงึทื‘ึผึฐืœึธื ืชึผึธื“ึดื™ืจ, ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืึดืงึฐืจึตื™ ืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื˜ึธื‘ึธื. ื•ึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื” ืœึธื ื™ึธื”ึดื™ื‘ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึผึฐื’ึทื•ึฐื•ื ึธื ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืงึทื™ึผึฐื™ืžึธื. ืึดื™ ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืงึทื™ึผึฐื™ืžึธื ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื”ึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื“ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืคึผึดื™ืŸ ืžึดืชึผึทืชึผึธื, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ืŸ ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ื ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ืŸ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืžึดืœึฐืขึตื™ืœึผึธื. ื•ึฐืึดื™ ืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืงึทื™ึผึฐื™ืžึธื ื‘ึผึทืขึฒืฆึดื™ื‘ื•ึผ, ื™ึทื”ึฒื‘ึดื™ืŸ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื“ึผึดื™ื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืงึธื‘ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึผ.
ื›ึผึฐื’ึทื•ึฐื•ื ึธื ื“ึผึธื, (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืง) ืขึดื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื™ึฐื™ึธ' ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื”. ื—ึถื“ึฐื•ึธื” ื“ึผึฐื‘ึผึทืจ ื ึธืฉื, ืžึธืฉืึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึฐื’ึทื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ ื—ึถื“ึฐื•ึธื” ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื ืขึดืœึผึธืึธื”.

(ืชืจื’ื•ื: ื‘ื ื•ืจืื”, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ, ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžื•ืœื• ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื ืื‘ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื•, ืืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“, ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื ืžืœืžื˜ื”, ื›ืžื• ื›ืš ืžืื™ืจื™ื ืœื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”. ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื•ืœื•, ื›ืžื• ื–ื” (ื›ืชื•ื‘) ืขื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”, ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ืฉืžื— ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืืœื™ื• ืฉืžื—ื” ืื—ืจืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”)

ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืจืจ ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ืฉืคืข. ื›ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ื›ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื”. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื‘ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉืžื— ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื— ื’ื ื”ืื‘ ืฉืžื—, ื›ืš ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืžืืชื ื•, ื•ืœื™ืชืจ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉืœื• ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื— ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ืžื•ืœื™ื“ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื ืชื™ื ื”.
(ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืขืžื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช).

โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ืœื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื™"ื“ ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ืื—ื“ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจ' ื ื—ืžืŸ ืžื‘ืจืกืœื‘. ื‘ืชื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื–ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'. ื ืœืžื“ ื—ืœืง ืžืชื•ืจื” ืจืค"ื‘ ืžืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื”.

ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืคื•ืชื— ืจ' ื ื—ืžืŸ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืฃ ื–ื›ื•ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื“ื ื•ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ื• ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœืจื•ืžื ืื“ื ืจืฉืข โ€“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฆื™ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื•. ืžื—ืจ ื ืœืžื“ ืื™ืš ืขืฆื” ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื•.

ื“ึผึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึธื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช,
ื•ึทืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื’ึผึธืžื•ึผืจ
ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึฐืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื”ึทืžึผึฐืขึทื˜ ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืจึธืฉืึธืข.
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืฉืึถืžึผื•ึนืฆึตื. ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ื•ึฐื“ึธืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืœึถื” ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช
ื•ึฐื™ื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืœึทื”ึฒืฉืึดื™ื‘ื•ึน ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื”.
ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช "ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึผึธ ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ",
ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ืžึทื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจ ืœึธื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผืœ ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช
ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืึทืชึผึธื” ืจื•ึนืึถื” ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื’ึผึธืžื•ึผืจ
ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื›ึตืŸ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืึทืชึผึธื” ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืจึธืฉืึธืข.
ื•ึฐื–ึถื”ื•ึผ 'ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข',
ืฉืึถืฆึผึธืจึดื™ืš ืึทืชึผึธื” ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ, ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืจึธืฉืึธืข,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึธืฉืึธืข, ืึตื™ืš ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืึตื™ืš ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืฉืึถืœึผื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืื•ึน ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืžึดื™ึผึธืžึธื™ื•,
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืฉืึถืึทืชึผึธื” ืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ื“ึผึธืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืึทืชึผึธื” ืžึทืขึฒืœึถื” ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืžึดื›ึผึทืฃ ื—ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื”,
ื•ึฐื–ึถื”ื•ึผ 'ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข',
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืžึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐื”ึธืจึธืฉืึธืข ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ืฉืึถืฉึผืึธื ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืจึธืฉืึธืข,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” 'ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึผึธ ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ',
ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืชึผึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึตืŸ ื•ึฐืชึดืกึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึตืœ ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทื“ึฐืจึตื’ึธืชื•ึน
ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืžึผื•ึนืฆึฐืึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื”, ื•ึฐื“ึธื ึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืžื•ึนืฆึดื™ืึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืžึดื›ึผึทืฃ ื—ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช,
ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึผึธ ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ, ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ, ื•ึฐื”ึธื‘ึตืŸ.


โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ืœื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื‘'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื˜"ื• ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•


ืืชืžื•ืœ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื ื™ื ืื“ื ืœื›ืฃ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ืจ, ืื ื• ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื• ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืจื•ืžืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืื“ื. ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืœืžื“ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืฃ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• โ€“ ืœื—ืคืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืืชืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืกืจื”.
ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ืืชืžื•ืœ, ื”ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืจื•ืžืžืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื•.

ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื’ึผึทื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน,
ื›ึผึดื™ ื–ึถื” ื™ึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืฉืึถืฆึผึธืจึดื™ืš ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึดื–ึผึธื”ึตืจ ืžึฐืื“ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“,
ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึทืจึฐื—ึดื™ืง ื”ึธืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช ืžึฐืื“ ืžึฐืื“ [ื›ึผึทืžึฐื‘ืึธืจ ืึถืฆึฐืœึตื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึทืžึผึธื” ืคึผึฐืขึธืžึดื™ื],
ื•ึทืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืฉื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืžึผึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืจื•ึนืึถื” ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืฉืื•ึผื ื˜ื•ึนื‘, ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืžึธืœึตื ื—ึฒื˜ึธืึดื™ื,
ื•ึฐืจื•ึนืฆึถื” ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืœึฐื”ึทืคึผึดื™ืœื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช ื•ึผืžึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐื—ื•ึนืจึธื”, ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื,
ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื›ึตืŸ ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ืœื•ึน ืœึดืคึผืœ ืžึดื–ึผึถื”,
ืจึทืง ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึฐืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืึตื™ืš ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืฉืึถืœึผื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืžึดื™ึผึธืžึธื™ื• ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืื•ึน ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘.
ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืฉืึถื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืžึผึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘,
ื”ื•ึผื ืจื•ึนืึถื” ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ื’ึผึทื ื›ึผึตืŸ ืžึธืœึตื ืคึผึฐืฆึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึฐืชึนื,
ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถืจื•ึนืึถื” ืฉืึถื’ึผึทื ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึดืงึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึธื” ืฉืึถื–ึผึธื›ึธื” ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช
ื”ื•ึผื ื’ึผึทื ื›ึผึตืŸ ืžึธืœึตื ืคึผึฐื ึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื•ึผืžึทื—ึฒืฉืึธื‘ื•ึนืช ื–ึธืจื•ึนืช ื•ึผืคึฐื’ึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื”,
ืขึดื ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึถื” ืึตื™ืš ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืฉืึถืœึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึดืงึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึธื” ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ืึตื™ืš ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื, ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืฉืึถืขึธืฉื‚ึธื”,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘
ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื™ื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน, ื•ึฐืœึธื‘ื•ึนื ืœึดื™ื“ึตื™ ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ.
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืฉืึถืžึผึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื”ื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืžึดื›ึผึทืฃ ื—ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื™ื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืœึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื”,
ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื ื•ึนืช "ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึผึธ ืขึทืœ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึถื ึผื•ึผ", ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถืฆึผึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึธื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึฒื—ึตืจึดื™ื ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืจึฐืฉืึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึฐืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผึธื”ึถื ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช,
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืžื•ึนืฆึดื™ืึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชึธื ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืžึดื›ึผึทืฃ ื—ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช,
ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ื•ึฐืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ' ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐื‘ึผื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึผึธ ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ื›ึตืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ืึตืฆึถืœ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน,
ืฉืึถืฆึผึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึธื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืœึฐื›ึทืฃ ื–ึฐื›ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ,
ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื—ึทื–ึผึตืง ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถืœึผื ื™ึดืคึผืœ ืœึฐื’ึทืžึฐืจึตื™, ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื,
ืจึทืง ืึทื“ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึธื ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน, ื•ึดื™ืฉื‚ึทืžึผึทื— ืึถืช ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ืฉืึถืžึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน,
ื“ึผึฐื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื–ึผึธื›ึธื” ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืžึดื™ึผึธืžึธื™ื• ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ืื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘.
ื•ึผื›ึฐืžื•ึน ื›ึตืŸ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ืขื•ึนื“, ืœึดืžึฐืฆื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขื•ึนื“ ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื˜ื•ึนื‘,
ื•ึฐืึทืฃ ืฉืึถื’ึผึทื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ื”ื•ึผื ื’ึผึทื ื›ึผึตืŸ ืžึฐืขืจึธื‘ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐืกึนืœึถืช ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื”,
ืขึดื ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึถื” ื™ื•ึนืฆึดื™ื ืžึดืฉึผืึธื ื’ึผึทื ื›ึผึตืŸ ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื”,
ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื™ึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึดื™ืœึทืงึผึตื˜ ืขื•ึนื“ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช.

โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ืœื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื—ืœืง ื’'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื˜"ื– ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ืืชืžื•ืœ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื—ื”. ื”ื™ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืฉืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœ'ืขืฉื™ืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื ื™ื' โ€“ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”' ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ื“ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืกืžืœ ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืื—ืช. ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื“ื ืขืฆื•ื‘, ืฉื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืžื“ื•ื›ืื™ื, ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉืžื— ืžืœื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืื ืจื’ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืื“ื ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื›ืฃ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉืžื•ื—, ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืžืœื ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื•ืช, ืฉื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื ื’ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืจืžื•ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'.

ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ื ึดื’ึผื•ึผื ึดื™ื, ื›ึผึทืžึฐื‘ืึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืžึธืงื•ึนื ืึทื—ึตืจ,
ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ืžึฐื ึทื’ึผึตืŸ ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐืœึตื™ ื–ึถืžึถืจ,
ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ืฉืึถืžึผึฐืœึทืงึผึตื˜ ื”ึธืจื•ึผื—ึท ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจื•ึผื—ึท ื ึฐื›ึตืึธื” ืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช ืจื•ึผื—ึท, ืขึทื™ึผึตืŸ ืฉืึธื.
[ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ: ื›ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึธื” ื“ึผึดืงึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึธื” ื”ึดื™ื ื’ึผึธื‘ื•ึนื”ึผึท ืžึฐืื“ ืžึฐืื“ ื›ึผึทื™ึผึธื“ื•ึผืขึท,
ื•ึฐืขึดืงึผึทืจ ื”ึทื ึผึดื’ึผื•ึผืŸ ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื‘ึผึตืจื•ึผืจ ื”ึทื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืจึธืข,
ืฉืึถืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืžึผึฐื‘ึธืจึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืžึฐืœึทืงึผึฐื˜ึดื™ืŸ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืš ื”ึธืจึธืข,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื ึดื’ึผื•ึผื ึดื™ื ื•ึผื–ึฐืžึดื™ืจื•ึนืช, ืขึทื™ึผึตืŸ ืฉืึธื ื”ึตื™ื˜ึตื‘].
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ, ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžึทื ึผึดื™ื—ึท ืœึฐื”ึทืคึผึดื™ืœ ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน,
ื•ึผืžึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึทืžึผึถื” ืฉึผืึถืžึผึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืžึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ื•ึผืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช,
ื•ึผืžึฐืœึทืงึผึตื˜ ื•ึผืžึฐื‘ึธืจึตืจ ืึตืœึผื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืš ื”ึธืจึธืข ื•ึฐื”ึทืคึผึฐืกึนืœึถืช ืฉืึถื‘ึผื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ื ึดื’ึผื•ึผื ึดื™ื, ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื•ึทืึฒื–ึทื™ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตืœ ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึทืžึผึตืจ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึทื”'.
ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื’ึผึทืฉืึฐืžึดื™ึผื•ึผืชื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธื™ื• ื”ึธืจึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถืจื•ึนืึถื” ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึธื—ื•ึนืง ืžึฐืื“ ืžึฐืื“ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืงึผึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึธื” ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช
ืึฒื–ึทื™ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืจื‘ ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื™ึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตืœ ื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื–ึถื”, ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื™ึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืœึดืคึฐืชึผื—ึท ืคึผึดื™ื• ื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ,
ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื’ึผื“ึถืœ ื”ึธืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐื—ื•ึนืจึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึฐื‘ึตื“ื•ึผืช ืฉืึถื ึผื•ึนืคึตืœ ืขึธืœึธื™ื•
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืจื•ึนืึถื” ื’ึผื“ึถืœ ืขืฆึถื ืจึดื—ื•ึผืงื•ึน ืžึตื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืš,
ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื”ึธืขึตืฆึธื” ื”ึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื“ึผึฐื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื™ึผื•ึนื“ึตืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถื™ึผึตืฉื. ืœื•ึน ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืจึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึทื—ึฒื˜ึธืึดื™ื ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื” ืžึฐืื“
ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืจึธื—ื•ึนืง ืžึฐืื“ ืžึฐืื“ ืžึตื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืš
ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืžึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ื•ึผืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื•ึผืžึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ื•ึผืžึฐืฉื‚ึทืžึผึตื—ึท ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึธื–ึถื”,
ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืจึธืื•ึผื™ ืœึฐื”ึธืึธื“ึธื, ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึฐื“ึผึดื™ืœ ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธืชื•ึน ืžึฐืื“ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื•ึผื ึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื” ืžึดืงึผึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึทืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืฉืึถืžึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ,
ื•ึทืึฒื–ึทื™ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืžึผึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ื•ึผืžึฐืฉื‚ึทืžึผึตื—ึท ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ ืึฒื–ึทื™ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึธื›ื•ึนืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตืœ ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึทืžึผึตืจ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึทื”',

ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช: ืึฒื–ึทืžึผึฐืจึธื” ืœึตืืœืงึทื™ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนื“ึดื™ ื“ึผึทื™ึฐืงึธื,
ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ื”ึธืขื•ึนื“ ืฉืึถืœึผึดื™,
ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ืžื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช 'ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืงึปื“ึผึธื”, ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืœึฐื–ึทืžึผึตืจ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึทื”', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ.
ืึฒื–ึทืžึผึฐืจึธื” ื“ึผึทื™ึฐืงึธื, ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ื–ึฐืžึดื™ืจื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื ึดื’ึผื•ึผื ึดื™ื ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืžึผึฐืœึทืงึผึตื˜ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ.
[ื•ึฐื”ึดื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึตื ื•ึผ, ื–ึดื›ึฐืจื•ึนื ื•ึน ืœึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ืžึฐืื“ ืœึตื™ืœึตืš ืขึดื ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผืืช,
ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึฐืกื•ึนื“ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืจื•ึนืฆึถื” ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืงึธืจึตื‘ ืœึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืš, ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทืœ ื™ืื‘ึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธืžื•ึน ืœึฐื’ึทืžึฐืจึตื™ ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื,
ื›ึผึดื™ ืจื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึธื“ึธื ืฉืึถืจึฐื—ื•ึนืงึดื™ื ืžึตื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื™ึดืชึฐื‘ึผึธืจึทืš
ืขึดืงึผึทืจ ืจึดื—ื•ึผืงึธื ื”ื•ึผื ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืžึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐื—ื•ึนืจึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช
ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืฉืึถื ึผื•ึนืคึฐืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธื ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืฉืึถืจื•ึนืึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžึธื ื’ึผื“ึถืœ ืงึดืœึฐืงื•ึผืœึธื ืฉืึถืงึผึดืœึฐืงึฐืœื•ึผ ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื™ื”ึถื
ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื›ึผึฐืคึดื™ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื™ึผื•ึนื“ึตืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืึถืช ื ึดื’ึฐืขึตื™ ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทื›ึฐืื•ึนื‘ึธื™ื•,
ื•ึผืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื–ึถื” ื”ึตื ื ื•ึนืคึฐืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธื, ื•ึฐืจึปื‘ึผึธืŸ ืžึฐื™ึธืึฒืฉืึดื™ื ืขึทืฆึฐืžึธืŸ ืœึฐื’ึทืžึฐืจึตื™
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืึตื™ื ึธื ืžึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึฐืœึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทื•ึผึธื ึธื” ื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ
ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึธื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื›ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ,
ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืš ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื”ึทืฉื‚ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืœ ืžึฐืื“ ืขึทืœ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื–ึถื”,
ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืคึดื™ืœื•ึนืช ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืจึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช,
ืขึดื ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึถื”, ื”ึทื ึผึฐืคึดื™ืœึธื” ืฉืึถื‘ึผึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน, ื•ึฐื”ึธืขึทืฆึฐื‘ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึธืจึธื” ืฉืึฐื—ื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผื•ึนืคึตืœ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื”
ื”ึทื›ึผืœ ื”ื•ึผื ืจึทืง ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื™ ื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ (ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข),
ืฉืึถืžึผึทื—ึฒืœึดื™ืฉื ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืœึฐื”ึทืคึผึดื™ืœื•ึน ืœึฐื’ึทืžึฐืจึตื™, ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื.
ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐื—ึทื–ึผึตืง ืžึฐืื“, ืœึตื™ืœึตืš ืขึดื ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผืืช,
ืœึฐื—ึทืคึผึตืฉื‚ ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ืžึฐืขึทื˜ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผื ึฐืงึปื“ึผื•ึนืช ื˜ื•ึนื‘ื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื” ื•ึดื™ืฉื‚ึทืžึผึทื— ืึถืช ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน, ื•ึดื™ืฆึทืคึผึถื” ืœึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืขึธื” ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ,
ื•ึฐื™ื•ึผื›ึทืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึตืœ ื•ึผืœึฐื–ึทืžึผึตืจ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ืœึทื”', ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช 'ืึฒื–ึทืžึผึฐืจึธื” ืœึตืืœืงึทื™ ื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนื“ึดื™', ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ,
ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื™ึดื–ึฐื›ึผึถื” ืœึธืฉืื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ืึถืœ ื”' ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ]


โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืืžื•ื ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ืืžื•ื ื” ื—ืœืง ื'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื™"ื– ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื• ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž3000 ืฉื ื”. ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืงืจื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉื ื” ื’ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืืžื•ื ื”, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ืืฆืœ ื—ื–"ืœ, ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืื’ื“ื” (ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืชื›ื ื™ื ืืœื ืงืฉืจ ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืจืขื”ื•. ืื“ื ืœื ื—ื™ ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื•ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•).
ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืื’ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื”ืฉืงืคืชื™ ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœืกื“ืจื• ื›ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืก"ื’. ืจืก"ื’ , ืžืื—ืจื•ื ื™ ื’ืื•ื ื™ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื›ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื• ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื•ืฉืœ ืงึธืจึธืื•ึผืช (ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ "ืขื ืŸ" (ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืกืก ืืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืงืจืื™ืช), ืฉื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื - ืืจืฅ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืก"ื’) ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฉืขื” ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืกื“ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ื˜ื•ืขื ื• ืฉื”ืฉื›ืœ ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ "ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ืขื•ืช" ืื• ื‘ืฉืžื• ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื›ืจ "ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื“ืขื•ืช" ืฉื—ืœืงื• ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื ืœืžื“ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืจืก"ื’ ื”ื™ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžืขื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกืคืจื• ืฉืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืœื”, ื•ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ื ื•:

ื“ืข, ื™ื—ื ืš ื”ืฉื, ืืชื” ื”ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืืžื•ื ืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื”ืื—ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืืžืช ืœื ื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ื“ืขื ื• ืžืคื™ ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”ืฉื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขื”. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืืžื•ื ืชื ื•.

ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืงื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงืื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคื•ืœืžื•ืกื™ ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™.
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื˜ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืืžืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื™ื’ื–ืจื• ืžืขืฉื™ื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ืืช ื’ืžื•ืœื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–.
ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื•, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื ืจืื” ื”ื‘ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืืžืช.
ื™ืฉ ืกืคืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื“ืขื•ืช, ื•ื ืฉืืจ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” (ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืืžืฅ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืฃ ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช). ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืื• ื‘ืฉืžื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™: ""ืกืคืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืœืช ื•ื”ื‘ืืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœื™ื”" (ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื•ืชื•ืจื’ื). ื’ื ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืกืคืจ ืคื•ืœืžื•ืกื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉืžื• ื•ืžืคืชื™ื—ืชื•:
"ืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื• ืื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืืชื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ"

ืืฃ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืžืขื ื” ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจ, ื”ืคื•ืœืžื•ืก ืขื ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื–ื ื™ื— ื‘ืกืคืจ, ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืกืคืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

โ€ƒ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื”: ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”- ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืืžื•ื ื”
ื›ื•ืชืจืช: ืืžื•ื ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘'
ืžืฉื ื”: ื™"ื— ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืชืฉืข"ื•

ืืชืžื•ืœ ืจืื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื (ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื) ื ืœืžื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืืจ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืื• ื›ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฉืขื” - ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื•ืฅ.
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื•, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื ื ื” ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืขื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš. ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื. ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืจื”, ื•ืœื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื—ื™ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื.
ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืชื• ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช:

ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฆืื• [ื”ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื ื”ื "ืœ] ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืช ื›ืœ ืืœื• ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ื”ื•ืฆืจื›ื• ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื” ื ืžืฆื ื”ืื“ื? ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•? ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืืจื™ื›ื• ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืžืฆืื• ืœืื“ื ืคืขืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื“. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ืœื ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืื• ืฉื ื™ ืคืขืœื™ื. ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืงืœื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืคื•ืขืœ, ืืœื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืชืžืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืจ ื”ืื™ืœื ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื ืžืฆื ืžื”ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ืืจื•ื’ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉ; ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื ื”, ื›ืžื• ื”ืฉืžืžื™ืช (ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆืคื•ืจ ื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื ื ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื); ื•ืžื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืจื•ืฃ, ื›ืืจื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื“ื ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืขืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื”. ื•ื—ืงืจื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•, ืคึผื•ึนืขึทืœ ืคึผื•ึนืขึทืœ, ืœื“ืขืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืืชื• ืžืืœื” ื”ึทืคึตึผืขึธืœึดื™ื. ื•ืžืฆืื•, ื›ื™ ืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ืคึผื•ึนืขึทืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื ื‘ืจื; ื•ืฉืืจ ืคืขืœื™ื• ื”ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืขืžื™ื“ืชื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืœื ื‘ื• ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื”ื•ื. ื•ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื, ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ื”ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขืœื™ื•. ืฉื”ื“ืขืช ื ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืฉื•ื•ื ื•ืฉืงืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืœืฉืชื™ื” ื•ืœื‘ืขื™ืœื”, ืื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืงื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื•, ืœื ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช; ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื–ื” ืขื ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืื™ื. ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืชืขืชื™ืง ืื•ืชื• ืžืžืขืœืช ื‘ื•ื– ืœืžืขืœืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ื•ื—ื–ืจ ืื“ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื•ื”ืื“ื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืฉื›ื™ืœ ื•ื™ื™ื“ืข โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื‘ื”ืžื”, ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืœ ืžืฉืืจ ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ. ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื™ืจ ืœื ืคืฉื• ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช. ื•ื”ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉื‘ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช, ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืœื ืคืฉื• ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืืœื”ื™ื™ื; ืฉืฉืืจ ื”ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืืœื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื, ืขื“ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืืœื”ื™. ื•ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื›ืœื•ืชื• ื™ืืจืš ืžืื“.





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