ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช
  • ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืžื ื”ื’
  • ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื
undefined
5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ื ืคืชืœื™ ื‘ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื”

ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœ"ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ื“ื‘ืจ" ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ื˜ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืœืจืข. ื™ืฉ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื™ ื”ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืฃ ื”ื™ื“ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืคืขื ื— ื”ืฉืจื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชื”, ืื• ื‘ืขืฉืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ื ืจ ื”ื“ื•ืœืง. ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืข"ืค ื”ื•ืจื•ืกืงื•ืค, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฆืคื™ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืคื™ ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืฉืขืช ืœื™ื“ืช ื”ืื™ืฉ ืื• ื”ืืฉื” ื”ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ื•ื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืื™ื–ื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืฉืขื” ื”ื”ื™ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ื”ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืœืคื™ ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืฉื•ืืœ. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื–ื” ื ืงืจื "ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžื–ืœ" ื•ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืžืชืคืจืกื ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœื–ื”. ื ืฆื™ืข ืฉืชื™ ืฉืืœื•ืช. [ื] ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื–ื•? ื›ืœื•ื ื™ืฉ ืืžืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ืฉืจื™ื ืœื ื• (ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืœืจืขื”) ืฆื•ืคื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช? [ื‘] ื”ืื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื™ืจื” ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื›ืš?

ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื ืฉืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืงื•ืง ืื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืชื™ื ืข"ื™ ืขืกืง ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืžืชื™ื (ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื‘ืœื•ืขื–ื™ืช "ืกื™ื™ืื ืก" ืื• "ืกืคื™ืจื™ื˜ื™ื–ื") ื•ื”ืžืช ืžื’ืœื” ืœื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืกื™ื™ืื ืก ื”ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืช. ืข"ื™ ื–ื” ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืœื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ื™ ื•ืืžื™ืชื™. ืขื ื” ื”ืจื‘ (ืฉื•"ืช ื“ืขืช ื›ื”ืŸ, ืกื™' ืกื˜, ืขืž' ืงืกื–) ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืกื•ืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืžืช, ืืœื ืงื•ื‘ืข "ืื™ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืข"ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื”, ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื›ืฉื•ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืงื™ื™ื 'ืชืžื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ืš' (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื—, ื™ื’)".

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื ื”, ืžื”ื“' ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืืคื—, ืขืž' ื”-ื•) ืžืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ื”ื ืืžื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื. [ื’ื ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืคืจืง ื™ื’, ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืœื— ื–ื”]. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ืžื” ืžื•ื˜ืขื”. ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื•ืื”, ืฉื›ืœ ืžืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ืืžืช (ืื"ื› ืฆืคื• ืœืจืขื”, ื•ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืื– ื’ื ื”ืจืข ืžืชื‘ื˜ืœ). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ืžื’ื™ื“ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื‘ืžืงืฆืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื ืงื•ืœืขื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื™ื•ืœื™ื›ื• ืฉื•ืœืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืžื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืข"ืค ืžื–ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืชื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืŸ ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื, ื”ื ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉื•ืœืœ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื™ืงืจื” ืœื• ื›ืœืœ.

ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื (ืคืจื˜ ืœืจืžื‘"ื, ื‘ื”ืœ' ืข"ื– ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืง ื™ื) ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืข"ื™ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืืกืจื” ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืœืœื• (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื—, ื™-ื™ื’). ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ื• ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ื“ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืืจ ืžืขืฉื” ื›ื™ืฉื•ืฃ, ืืœื ืขืœ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื–ืœื•ืช. ื•ืคืจื˜ ื–ื” ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืืกืจ ืฉื "ืžืขื•ื ืŸ" (ืคืกื•ืง ื™). ื™ืฉ ื’' ื“ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืกื” ืข"ื‘) ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•. ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื ืคืกืงื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ืžืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืš: "ื–ื” ื”ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืชื™ื ื•ืฉืขื•ืช, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืคื” ืœืฆืืช [ืœื“ืจืš] ืœืžื—ืจ ื™ืคื” ืœื™ืงื—" [ืœืงื ื•ืช ืกื—ื•ืจื”]. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืคื™ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืžื–ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืœืจืขื”. ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื• ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžืชื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™, ืื• ื–ืžืŸ "ืžื•ืฆืœื—" ืœืขืจื•ืš ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืกื•ืจ. ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืชืžื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ืš: ื”ืชื”ืœืš ืขืžื• ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืชืฆืคื” ืœื•, ื•ืœื ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช. ืืœื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ืš ืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช. ืื– ืชื”ื™ื” ืขืžื• ื•ืœื—ืœืงื•". ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื (ืงื™ื’ ืข"ื‘) "ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœื“ื™ื™ื". ื•ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ื™ื•"ื“ ืกื™' ืงืขื˜, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื) "ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื".

ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื•ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ืžื’ื™ื“ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื•ืช, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ื’ื•ื™ (ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, "ื“ืขืช ื›ื”ืŸ", ืขืž' ืงืกื—) ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžืงืœืงืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื›ื“ืœื”ืœืŸ.

[ื] ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ืจืœื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืจืขื” ื ืงื‘ืข ืข"ืค ื›ื— ืขื™ื•ื•ืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™, ืื™ื ื• ืžื™ื™ื—ืก ืฉื›ืจ ื•ืขื•ื ืฉ ืฉืœื• ืœืคื™ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืจืขื™ื, ืืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ืžืจืืฉ. ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื• ืื• ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื "ื™ื–ื™ื–ื•" ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืžืื•ืฉืจ ืื• ื”ืื•ืžืœืœ. ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื›ืœืœ ืชื—ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืคื” ื›ืชื‘ ืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืกืจืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” (ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืข"ื– ืคืจืง ื™"ื ื”"ื—).

[ื‘] ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ืžืžื“ืช ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ืŸ "ืฉื ื’ื–ืจ" ืขืœื™ื• ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ืคื ื” ืœื”' ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื’ื ืœื ื™ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื; ืืš ืœื ื™ืชื—ืจื˜ ืžืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื.

[ื’] ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื•ืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ื ืงื‘ืข ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื–ืœื• (ืœืคื™ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืฉืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื”ืฉื•ืืœ) ื›ื•ืคืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ื•ื›ืš ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื: "ืืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชืš ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื˜ืคืฉื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื’ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื™ืชื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื• ืจืฉืข. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืŸ. ืืœื ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืื• ืจืฉืข ื›ื™ืจื‘ืขื, ืื• ื—ื›ื ืื• ืกื›ืœ, ืื• ืจื—ืžืŸ ืื• ืื›ื–ืจื™, ืื• ื›ื™ืœื™ [ืงืžืฆืŸ] ืื• ืฉื•ืข [ืคื–ืจืŸ] ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ืขื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ืคื”ื• ื•ืœื ื’ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ืœื ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ืฉื›ื• ืœืื—ื“ ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ืืœื ื”ื•ื ืžืขืฆืžื• ื•ืžื“ืขืชื• ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœืื™ ื–ื” ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ืจืฆื”" (ื”ืœ' ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืคืจืง ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื”"ื‘).

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื‘ืื’ืจืชื• ืœื—ื›ืžื™ ืžืจืฉื™ืœื™ื™ื, "ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื", ืžื”ื“' ืœืคืกื™ื, ื—"ื‘ ืขืž' 25) ืœื•ืขื’ ืœืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืงื•ืจื ืœื• "ืคืชื™ ื™ืืžื™ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ". ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ "ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื‘ืจื• ื”ื˜ืคืฉื™ื ืืœืคื™ ืกืคืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื”ื ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื, ื•ื“ื™ืžื• ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ื”ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช". ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ: "ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืžืœื›ื•ืชื ื•, ื•ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื ื• ื•ื”ืืจื™ื›ื” ื’ืœื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ื”ื’ื™ืขืชื ื• ืขื“ ื”ืœื•ื. ืฉืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื—ื˜ืื• ื•ืื™ื ื, ืœืคื™ ืฉืžืฆืื• ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืœื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ื ืขื™ืงืจ ืข"ื– ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืืจื ื•, ื˜ืขื• ื•ื ื”ื• ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ื•ื“ื™ืžื• ืฉื”ื ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ืžืคื•ืืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืขืœืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื•[ืœื›ืŸ] ืœื ื ืชืขืกืงื• ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืจืฆื•ืช, ืืœื ื“ื™ืžื• ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœื”ื . ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืงืจืื• ืื•ืชื ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืข"ื” ืกื›ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ื™ืœื™ื. ื•ื“ืื™ ืกื›ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื•[ื”ืœื›ื•] ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ื”ื• ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืœื•" ืขื›"ืœ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื–ืœื•ืช, ื ื—ืœืฉ ืžื”ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ื’ื ื” ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ืกื•). ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืื“ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘ "ื›ื™ ื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื•" ืข"ืค ืžื–ืœื•, ื ื›ื ืข ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื ืกื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืžืฆื‘ื•.

ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”. ืื™ืคื”? ืืคืฉืจ ื›ื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” (ื™, ื‘ ื•ื’ื ืคืจืง ื“, ืคืกื•ืง ื›ื‘). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืกืžื›ื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืจื›ื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืœื”ืชื’ื•ื ืŸ ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ืืฉื•ืจ). ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื’ื™ืื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘.

ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืช: ื™ืฉ ืจืง ื›ื— ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช ืขื•ืœืžื ื•, ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื‘"ื”. ื•ื”ืคื•ื ื” ืœื’ื•ืจื ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืกืจืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžื–ืœ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืกื˜ื™ื” ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”', ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ ื™ืช"ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื–ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื–ืœื•ืช. "ืœื ืชืขื•ื ื ื•"!

ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืคื— ื›ืชื‘ ืžืืžืจ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ("ื›ืชื‘ื™ื", ื—"ื ืขืž' 84-93) ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื˜ื˜ ืžืืจื‘ืข ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืœื’ืœื’ื™ื ืื• ืื•ืกืจื™ื ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืขืชื™ื“ื• ืื• ืžื” ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืข"ืค ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื”ื ืจ' ืกืขื“ื™ื” ื’ืื•ืŸ, ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ("ื›ื•ื–ืจื™"), ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ("ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช") ื•ืจืžื‘"ื (ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ืžืจืžื‘"ื ืฉื ื‘ืขืž' 89-91). ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืคืชื™ืข ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืจืš ืฆื ื–ื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ "ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช". ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืžืขืฉื” (ืคืจืง ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื‘ืžื”ื“' ื”ื’ืจ"ื™ ืงืืคื—, ืขืž' ืงืขื”-ืงืขื–) ื”ืจื™ ืžืชืงื™ืฃ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืฆืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื•ืžืจ "ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉ"ื™ ื•ื”ื”ืชืžืกืจื•ืช ืœื•, ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื• ื•ื’ื–ื™ืจืชื• ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืืœ ื”ื›ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืฉ"ื™" ืขื›"ืœ. ื•ื›ืœ ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจืช ืื‘ืŸ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืŸ (ืฉื) ืžื•ืฆื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ื• ืฉื ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืจ. ื•ืฉืžื ื›ืš ื”ื’ื™ืข ื›ืช"ื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืก ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชืจื’ื ืื‘ืŸ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™.

ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžืืžืจ ืืจื•ืš ืฉืœื ื• ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื–ืœื•ืช ื‘"ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ" (ื›ืจืš ื›ื•, ืขืž' 478-486).
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il