ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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135
15 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 60 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืคืจืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช
ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืคืจืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื—ืชื•ื ื”
ื›ืคืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘
ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืคืจืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” (ืชืขื ื™ืช ื›ื• ืข"ื‘) ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื›ืคืจืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืžืจื: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื—ืžืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืื‘ ื•ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื•". ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉื›ืคืจืช ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื—ืชื•ื ื”.
ื›ืš ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืคืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืฉืคืกืงื• ืžืชื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ โ€“ ื ืžื—ืœ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื. ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”' ืœืžืฉื” โ€“ ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืื•ืกืจ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืืœื”. ื›ืš ื’ื ื›ืฉื ืชืŸ ื”' ื‘ืœื‘ ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืžืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื•ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ืชืจ. ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื ืกืœื™ื—ื” ื•ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ื›ื™ื.

ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
624 - ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื
625 - ืคืจืฉืช ืงืจื— ืชืฉืค"ื• - ืืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื ื“ืžืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจ
626 - ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืœื— ืชืฉืค"ื• - ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ "ืขื ื›ืœื‘ื™ื"
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
 ื—ืชืŸ ื›ืื“ื ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื ืžื—ืœื™ื ืœื• ื›ืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•
ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ื’) ืฉืœื•ืžื“ืช ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ึทื™ึผึตืœึถืšึฐ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืึถืœ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืขึตืืœ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึถืช ืžึธื—ึฒืœึทืช ื‘ึผึทืช ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืขึตืืœ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึฒื—ื•ึนืช ื ึฐื‘ึธื™ื•ึนืช ืขึทืœ ื ึธืฉืึธื™ื• ืœื•ึน ืœึฐืึดืฉึผืึธื”" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื— ื˜). ืžืงืฉื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ื•ื›ื™ ืžื—ืœืช ืฉืžื” ื•ื”ืœื ื‘ืฉืžืช ืฉืžื”? ืืœื ืฉื ืžื—ืœื• ืœื• ื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•". ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืชื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืืช ื”ื—ืชืŸ ืœืื™ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืœื—ื›ื ืฉืžืชืžื ื”, ืื• ืœื’ืจ ืฉืžืชื’ื™ื™ืจ.

ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจืฉืขื” ืขืœ ืจืฉืขืชื•
ื™ืฉ ืžืงืฉื™ื: ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ืžื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื• ืžืขืฉื• ื”ืจืฉืข? ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉืžืคืจืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ืจืฉ"ื™ "ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื• - ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจืฉืขื” ืขืœ ืจืฉืขืชื•, ืฉืœื ื’ื™ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช". ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจืช ืจื•ื— ืœื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ืœืจื‘ืงื”. ืขืฉื• ืœื ื’ื™ืจืฉ ืื•ืชืŸ ืืœื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืจืฉืข ืขืœ ืจืฉืขืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ืื ื›ืŸ ืื™ืš ื™ืชื›ืคืจื• ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœืœื•?
ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจื™ื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” - ื–ื” ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. "ืœึนื ืชึนื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืจึธืึธื”ึผ ืœึธืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ื™ึฐืฆึธืจึธื”ึผ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื” ื™ื—). ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื“ืจื’ืชื• ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื”, ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื ืžื—ืœื™ื ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•. ืื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืฉื• ื•ื™ื—ื˜ื, ื”ืจื™ ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ื›ืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื ื•ื”ื›ืคืจื” ืœื ื”ื•ืขื™ืœื” ื›ืœื•ื.

ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•
ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืขืฉื• ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืฉืจืื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื ืขืŸ ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื•. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื ื ื—ืช ืจื•ื—, ื ืฉื ืืช ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฉืขื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื•. ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฉื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืจืฉืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ืคืฉื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื•ื•ื.

ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื, ื’ื ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืœื ืžื›ืคืจืช ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•
ื’ื ืื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืžื›ืคืจืช ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื›ืคืจืช ืขืœ ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืคืจืช ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื—ื•ื˜ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื›ืคืจื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืœืฆื•ื, ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœื—ืคืฉ ืžื” ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื. ื•ื–ื• ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืคื”.

ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”
ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขื ื”ื›ืคืจื” โ€“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื™ืžืฉืš ื”ื›ืคืจื”
ืื ื• ืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืคื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขื ื”ื›ืคืจื”. ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื (ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื–ืจ ืกื ื) "ื•ื ื”ื’ื• ืฉื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœื” ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืชืŸ" ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ืœืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉืžื›ืคืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ื›ืคืจื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื” ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ืžืขืœืช ื”ื›ืคืจื” ื”ื–ื•.

ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ
ืฉื ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืชืขื ื™ืช ื–ื•. ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžื—ืœื™ื ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื›ืžื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื• ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืืจื•ื—ื” ืฉืžื ื™ืฉืชื” ืžืฉืงื” ื—ืจื™ืฃ ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืขืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื›ืš ืœื ืžืชื—ืชื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืืจื•ื—ื” ืฉืžื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื“ืขืชื ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืฉืžื ื™ืฉืชื• ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืคื” (ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉื ืก"ืง ื•).

ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื
ืื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื, ืœืคื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืœืช ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขื“ ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ืœืคื™ ื˜ืขื ื–ื” ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืคื”. ืื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื“ืขืช โ€“ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืคื”. ืื ื™ ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื™"ื ืื‘, ื•ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื›ืคืจืช ื”ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคื”, ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืื“ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื ื•ืœื ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืžืื›ืœ ื•ืžืฉืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื—ื•ืคื” ืžืชื•ืš ื—ืจื“ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ.

ืื›ื™ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืคื”
ืื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืื ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขื“ ื”ื—ื•ืคื”. ื•ืื ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื›ืคืจื”, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื—ื›ืžืช ืื“ื (ื›ืœืœ ืงื˜"ื• ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘') ื“ืื ืื—ืจื• ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ืฉืขื” ืื• ื‘' ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื˜ืขื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ืจืง ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื’ืž' ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืขื™ืงืจื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจื™ ืชืขื ื™ืชื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื“ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื. ืžื™ื”ื• ืืขืค"ื› ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžืฉืงื” ื”ืžืฉื›ืจ ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื—ื•ืคื” (ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืค"ืช ืกื ืก"ืง ื˜).

ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืชื•
ื”ืจืž"ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืชืงืขื’ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื) ื›ื™ ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื” ืฉืžืชื—ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” - ืœื ืžืชืขื ื™ื. ื•ื”ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืžื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืžืชืขื ื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื ืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื (ืœื‘ื•ืฉ). ืืžื ื ืžื™ ืฉืžืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ, ื™ืชืขื ื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื ื”ื’ (ืžื’"ื) ื•ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืžื ื•. "ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื“ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœ"ื’ ื‘ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืžืจ"ื— ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื”"ื› ืœืกื•ื›ื•ืช โ€“ ืžืชืขื ื™ื". ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืืกืจื• ื—ื’ ื•ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื•ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขื ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื.
ื›ืชื‘ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืคืชื—ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืื”"ืข ืกื ืก"ืง ื˜) ื‘ืฉื ืกืคืจ ื›ืจื ืฉืœืžื” ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื—ืชืŸ ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืื—ืจ ืชืคืœืช ื™"ื— ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืขืงืจ ืืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื•ื™ื“ื•ื™ ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืชืคืœืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื”"ื›. ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื›ื™ ืืฃ ื‘ืจ"ื— ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ื™ืชืคืœืœ ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื™ืชื™ ืœืžืขืฉื”.

ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืขืช
ื’ืื•ืœื” โ€“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืขืช
ื‘ืฉืคืชื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืœื™ื•"ื˜ ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ืชืจื• ืฉื‘ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืงื”ืœ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื˜ืขื ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืงื”ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืฆืื• ืกื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ืจ, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืžื ื•. "ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื“ืขืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืงื•ื“ื, ื•ืจืื• ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืงืจื‘ ืื•ืชื, ืืฃ ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื“ืžื” ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ืจืื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืงืจื‘ ืื•ืชื. ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื•"ื˜ ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื–ื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”" (ืฉืคืชื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ืขืœ ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘).
ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืคื•ืกืง ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื”. ื”ื’ืžืจื (ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื˜ื• ืข"ื‘)โ€ ืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืœื ืฉืคื’ืฉ ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื”. ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืคื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืฉืœืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ืžืืœื™ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืื‘ื•ื™ื”. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืœื: ื”ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืงื— ืจืง ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ ื•ื–ืจืง ืืช ื”ืงืœื™ืคื”. ืืžืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื: ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืชื•ืจื” ืžืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ.
ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื“ืข ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืื›ืœ ืจืง ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื”. ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ืคืกืงื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ืฉื™ืœื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื ืคืกืง ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื›ืฉืคืกืงื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื ืœื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ืœืžื“ ืื“ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ โ€“ ื›ืš ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ื.

ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช, ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืคืกื•ืง ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืคืกืง ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืงืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื. ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงืœื• ืขืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืฆืœ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืคืš, ืฉื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฆืคืช. ืฉืื ืชืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืฆืœ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืคืš ืชื”ื™ื” ื—"ื• ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉืชื™ ืชื•ืจื•ืช. ื•ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื ืœืžื“ืช ืžื‘ื ื•ืช ืฆืœืคื—ื“
ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื—ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืœื ืžื”ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื›ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ื‘ื—ื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื—ืคืฅ. ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืขื˜ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชื™ืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืžื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื•ืœื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ืคืขื ื”ื™ื” "ืจื‘" ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืงืจื ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืืฉืชื• ื•ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ืจืฉ. ื”ืชืžืจืžืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื•ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืื™ืš ื™ื’ืจืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื•. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ: ื“ืข ืœืš ื›ื™ ืื ืืฉืžืข ืขื•ื“ ืคืขื ืฉื”ืคืจื“ืช ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžื•ืช, ืืคืจืกื ืืช ืฉืžืš ืœืจืขื”. ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ืชืขืฉื” ื ื–ืง ืœื‘ื ื™ ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื”
ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื (ื‘"ื‘ ืงื›ื/ื) ืขืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคืกืงื• ืžืชื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื•ืช ื›ื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ื›ื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื—ืคื•ืจ ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘. ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืขืฉื• ื›ืš ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื•ืจืื• ืฉืœื ืžืช ืื—ื“, ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื˜ืขื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืขื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื ืœืžื—ืจืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ืœื ืžืช ืื—ื“. ืจืง ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืื‘ ื›ืฉื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื” ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื” ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื”.
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืœืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื”' ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžืฉื”. ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื: ืื ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื” ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘, ืœืžื” ืœื ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ืžืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืื‘?"ื•ื™"ืœ ื“ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื“ื”ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื• ื‘ืื‘ ืฉืจืชื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉื›ื™ื ื”" . ืžื›ืืŸ ื ืœืžื“ ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”' ืžืื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืคื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื ืชืžืจืžืจ ืœืฉื•ื•ื.

ืชืคืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืชืจืื• ื’ืื•ืœื”
ื•ึทืชึผึนืืžึถืจ ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึฒื–ึธื‘ึทื ึดื™ ื”' ื•ึทื-ื“ึนื ึธื™ ืฉืึฐื›ึตื—ึธื ึดื™
ื”ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”' ืฉื›ื— ืื•ืชื•. ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ืงืจ ืฉื”' ืœื ืฉื›ื— ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขื "ืฉื‚ึฐืึดึฝื™ึพืกึธื‘ึดึคื™ื‘ ืขึตื™ื ึทึ™ื™ึดืšึฐึ™ ื•ึผืจึฐืึดึ”ื™ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธึ–ื ื ึดืงึฐื‘ึผึฐืฆึฃื•ึผ ื‘ึธึฝืื•ึผึพืœึธึ‘ืšึฐ ื—ึทื™ึพืึธึฃื ึดื™ ื ึฐืึปืึพื”ึ—' ื›ึผึดึคื™ ื›ึปืœึผึธืึ™ ื›ึผึธืขึฒื“ึดึฃื™ ืชึดืœึฐื‘ึผึธึ”ืฉืึดื™ ื•ึผึฝืชึฐืงึทืฉึผืึฐืจึดึ–ื™ื ื›ึผึทื›ึผึทืœึผึธึฝื”" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืžื˜). ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ื™ ื”' ืฉื›ื— ืื•ืชื ื’ื ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช.
ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ื—ืจื‘ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืžื” ืืœื ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ื•ืžืจื•ื‘ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฆืคื•ืฃ. "ื›ึผึดึคื™ ื—ึธืจึฐื‘ึนืชึทึ™ื™ึดืšึฐึ™ ื•ึฐืฉืึนึฃืžึฐืžึนืชึทึ”ื™ึดืšึฐ ื•ึฐืึถึ–ืจึถืฅ ื”ึฒืจึดึฝืกึปืชึตึ‘ื™ืšึฐ ื›ึผึดึคื™ ืขึทืชึผึธื”ึ™ ืชึผึตืฆึฐืจึดึฃื™ ืžึดื™ึผื•ึนืฉืึตึ”ื‘". ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืžืš "ื•ึฐืจึธื—ึฒืงึ–ื•ึผ ืžึฐื‘ึทืœึผึฐืขึธึฝื™ึดืšึฐ". ืฉื•ืืœ ืžื”ืจ"ื ืืœืฉื™ืš: ืœืžื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”?

ืืœ ืชื—ืฉืฉื™ ืžื’ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช โ€“ ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื
ื•ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืืœืฉื™ืš ืฉื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ื—ื™ื ื ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ืฉื™. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”' ื”ื™ื "ืืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื™ ืคืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจืขื™ื ื•ื™ื—ืจื™ื‘ื•ืš ืคืขื ืื—ืจืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืœื ืื ื™ ื ืฉื‘ืข ื•ืžืขื™ื“ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื›ื™ ื›ืœื ื›ืขื“ื™ ืชืœื‘ืฉื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืš ื›ืขื“ื™ ืœื™ืคื•ืชืš". ื•ืื ืชืฉืืœ: ืื™ืคื” ืขืฉื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”?

ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื—ื™ื“ืฉ ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืจื•ืช ื•ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื ื•: "ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื• ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืคืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื—ืคืฉ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช".ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืกืจื• ื ืคืฉ ื•ื ืœื—ืžื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืื—ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžืขืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื”.
ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืคืœื ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ืฆืœื”: "ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืœ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืœืงื•ื—ื™ื ืœืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื”ื ืžื–ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”. ืฉื”ืจื™ ืืžืจื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื™ื™ื ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืงื™ื™ื ืขื•ืœื ืžืœื. ื•ืขืœ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื ืืžืจื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื™ืงื ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืœืื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ื›ืจืžื•ืŸ. ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืจืื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ื›ืœื™ื ืจืงื™ื ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื”ื ืžื›ืจื™ืขื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ".

ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื—ึฒืฉืึตื›ึดื™ื
ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืืจืฆื”, ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ืืœ ื”' "ืžึทื“ึผึจื•ึผืขึท ื‘ึผึธึœืืชึดื™ ื•ึฐืึตึฃื™ืŸ ืึดึ—ื™ืฉื ืงึธืจึธึฝืืชึดื™ึ˜ ื•ึฐืึตึฃื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนื ึถื”ึ’ ื”ึฒืงึธืฆึจื•ึนืจ ืงึธืฆึฐืจึธึคื” ื™ึธื“ึดื™ึ™ ืžึดืคึผึฐื“ึ”ื•ึผืช ื•ึฐืึดืึพืึตึฝื™ืŸึพื‘ึผึดึฅื™ ื›ึนึ–ื—ึท ืœึฐื”ึทืฆึผึดึ‘ื™ืœ"? ื”ืจื™ ืงืจืขืชื™ ืืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ. "ื”ึตึฃืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื’ึทืขึฒืจึธืชึดึžื™ ืึทื—ึฒืจึดึฃื™ื‘ ื™ึธึ—ื ืึธืฉื‚ึดึคื™ื ื ึฐื”ึธืจื•ึนืชึ™ ืžึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึธึ”ืจ". ืœืžื” ืืชื ืœื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™?
ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื™ืจืื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืฉืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืžืขืฉื” ื”'. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ "ืžึดื™ ื‘ึธื›ึถื ื™ึฐืจึตื ื”' ืฉืึนืžึตืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึธืœึทืšึฐ ื—ึฒืฉืึตื›ึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื ึนื’ึทื”ึผ ืœื•ึน, ื™ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึทื— ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึตื ื”' ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึผึธืขึตืŸ ื‘ึผึตืืœึนื”ึธื™ื•". ื™ืจืื™ ื”' ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื•ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ื.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืคื•ื ื” ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืœื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง ืฉืชื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžืช ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ื•ืžื”ืžื’ื“ืคื™ื. "ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึผ ืึตืœึทื™ ื™ึนื“ึฐืขึตื™ ืฆึถื“ึถืง ืขึทื ืชึผื•ึนืจึธืชึดื™ ื‘ึฐืœึดื‘ึผึธื ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึฐืื•ึผ ื—ึถืจึฐืคึผึทืช ืึฑื ื•ืฉื ื•ึผืžึดื’ึผึดื“ึผึปืคึนืชึธื ืึทืœ ืชึผึตื—ึธืชึผื•ึผ " (ื ื ื–) ืืœ ืชืคื—ื“ื• ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืืชื›ื ื•ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ืืชื›ื ื•ืžื’ื“ืคื™ื ืืชื›ื, ืœื›ื• ืขื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืœื‘ื›ื, ืœื›ื• ืขื ื”ืฆื“ืง. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื”ืคืกืง.

ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื”ืคืกืง
ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช - ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื
ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืง ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉืข ื ืืžืจ "ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึทื‘ึผึถื’ึถื“ ื™ึนืื›ึฐืœึตื ืขึธืฉื ื•ึฐื›ึทืฆึผึถืžึถืจ ื™ึนืื›ึฐืœึตื ืกึธืก". ืื‘ืœ ื’ืื•ืœืช ื”' ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ " ื•ึฐืฆึดื“ึฐืงึธืชึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึดื™ ืœึฐื“ื•ึนืจ ื“ึผื•ึนืจึดื™ื " (ื ื ื—). ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื•ึดื™ืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื•ึฐืฆึดื“ึฐืงึธืชึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึตื—ึธืช" (ื ื ื•). ืขืœื™ื”ื ื ืืžืจ "ื•ึผืคึฐื“ื•ึผื™ึตื™ ื”' ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ื•ึผืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึธืื•ึผ ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื ึผึธื” ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื ืฉื‚ึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื™ึทืฉื‚ึผึดื™ื’ื•ึผืŸ ื ึธืกื•ึผ ื™ึธื’ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึทืึฒื ึธื—ึธื”" (ื ื ื™ื). ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืคืจืง ืœื” ืคืกื•ืง ื™) "ืฉื™ืชืจืื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื ืฉืžื—ื” ื ืฆื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจื™ื• ืชื•ื’ื” ื•ื’ืœื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื—ืช ืขื•ืœื".

ืชึผึทื ืขึฒื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืœึนื ื™ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึฐืœื•ึนืชึตืšึฐ
ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืื™ื›ื” (ื“): "ืชึผึทื ืขึฒื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืœึนื ื™ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึฐืœื•ึนืชึตืšึฐ, ืคึผึธืงึทื“ ืขึฒื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืช ืึฑื“ื•ึนื ื’ึผึดืœึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ื—ึทื˜ึผึนืืชึธื™ึดืšึฐ". ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืชึผึทื ืขึฒื•ึนื ึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ โ€“ ืœืงื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื˜ืื•ืชื™ืš. ืœึนื ื™ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึฐืœื•ึนืชึตืšึฐ โ€“ ืžื’ืœื•ืช ืื“ื•ื ื•ืœื”ืœืŸ ืขื•ื“" (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจื“"ืง ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืœื“ ื. ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื , ื“, ืžื‘:). ื›ืŸ ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืขืžื•ืก (ื˜ ื˜ื•): "ื•ึผื ึฐื˜ึทืขึฐืชึผึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึธืชึธื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดื ึผึธืชึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืขื•ึนื“ ืžึตืขึทืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึธืชึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื ึธืชึทืชึผึดื™ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ". ื•ืžืคืจืฉ ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื: "ืžืื– ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืขืฅ ื”ื ื˜ื•ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•, ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืงืจื• ืžืื“ืžืชื•. ื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื ืชืฉื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืœื›ื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื" (ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื).

ืžืฉืืชื ื ื’ืืœื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืืชื ืžืฉืชืขื‘ื“ื™ืŸ
ื›ืš ื’ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื—ื‘ืงื•ืง ื‘, ื’): "ื›ึผึดื™ ืขื•ึนื“ ื—ึธื–ื•ึนืŸ ืœึทืžึผื•ึนืขึตื“, ื•ึฐื™ึธืคึตื—ึท ืœึทืงึผึตืฅ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึฐื›ึทื–ึผึตื‘, ืึดื ื™ึดืชึฐืžึทื”ึฐืžึธื”ึผ ื—ึทื›ึผึตื” ืœื•ึน, ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึนื ื™ึธื‘ึนื ืœึนื ื™ึฐืึทื—ึตืจ". ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื ื”ืžืœื‘ื™"ื: "ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ื’ืืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ื‘ืœ โ€“ ื™ื’ืœื• ืฉื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืชืฉื•ืขื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช". ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื ืžื›ื–ื‘. ืฉื–ื• ื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื” ื’ืœื•ืช.

ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ืฆืขืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื”
ื›ืš ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื”: "ื•ึถื”ึฑื‘ึดื™ืึฒืšึธ ื”' ืึฑืœึนืงึถื™ืšึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื™ึธืจึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืึฒื‘ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ ื•ึดื™ืจึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐื”ึตื™ื˜ึดื‘ึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐื”ึดืจึฐื‘ึผึฐืšึธ ืžึตืึฒื‘ึนืชึถื™ืšึธ" โ€“ ื‘ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•? ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ืื‘ื•ืชื™ืš ืืข"ืค ืฉื ื’ืืœื• ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ื ืฉืชืขื‘ื“ื•. ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืžืฉืืชื ื ื’ืืœื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืืชื ืžืฉืชืขื‘ื“ื™ืŸ" (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื˜ื– ืข"ื).
ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื•ื’ื ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื—ื‘"ื“ ื–ื™ืข"ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง: ืฉื ื” ืฉืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื ื’ืœื” ื‘ื•, ื›ืœ ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื’ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”... ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืจืขืฉื™ื ื•ืžืชื‘ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืœืš ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ื. ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื (ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ): ื‘ื ื™ื™. ืืœ ืชืชื™ื™ืจืื•. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ืืชื ืžืชื™ื™ืจืื™ื, ืืœ ืชื™ืจืื•, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื". ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ื•ืœื ื›ื’ืื•ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืฆืขืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ืฆืขืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื” " (ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจื‘ืชื™ ืœื•. ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• - ืคืจืง ืก - ืจืžื– ืชืฆื˜).

ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื ื•ึนืฉืึทืข ื‘ึผึทื”' ืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธืžึดื™ื
ื›ืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืืช ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื™ืฉืขื™ื” (ืžื” ื™ื–), "ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื ื•ึนืฉืึทืข ื‘ึผึทื”' ืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธืžึดื™ื, ืœึนื ืชึตื‘ืฉืื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึดื›ึผึธืœึฐืžื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึฐืžึตื™ ืขึทื“", ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ืขื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื” ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ (ืžื”ืจ"ืœ, ื ืฆื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืคืจืง ืžื—). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืืช: "ืชึผึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึทืช ืขื•ึนืœึธืžึดื™ื".
ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืœืžื“ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ื–ื›ืจื™ื” (ื™ื’ ื—): " ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ื ึฐืึปื ื”', ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื™ึดื›ึผึธืจึฐืชื•ึผ ื™ึดื’ึฐื•ึธืขื•ึผ; ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืœึดืฉืึดื™ืช ื™ึดื•ึผึธืชึถืจ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ". ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ: "ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืชื™ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฆื ืืœื ื‘ื’ืึปืœื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช. ื’ืึปืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื–ื• ื’ืึปืœืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื’ืึปืœื” ืฉื ื™ื” ื–ื• ื’ืึปืœืช ืขื–ืจื, ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช โ€“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื”ืคืกืง" (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื, ื˜'. ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืจืžื– ืชืงืคื(.

ื—ื‘ืœื™ ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ื“ื”
ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• (ืกื•, ื—-ื˜), ื›ื™ ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ื“ื”, ื›ืš ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ืขื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืข: "ืžึดื™ ืฉืึธืžึทืข ื›ึผึธื–ึนืืช ืžึดื™ ืจึธืึธื” ื›ึผึธืึตืœึผึถื”? ื”ึฒื™ื•ึผื—ึทืœ ืึถืจึถืฅ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“? ืึดื ื™ึดื•ึผึธืœึตื“ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึถื—ึธืช? ื›ึผึดื™ ื—ึธืœึธื” ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ: ื”ึทืึฒื ึดื™ ืึทืฉืึฐื‘ึผึดื™ืจ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืื•ึนืœึดื™ื“ ื™ึนืืžึทืจ ื”' ืึดื ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึทืžึผื•ึนืœึดื™ื“ ื•ึฐืขึธืฆึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ืึฑืœึนืงึธื™ึดืšึฐ". ืคืจืฉ"ื™: "ื”ืื ื™ ืื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืœื ืืคืชื— ืจื—ืžื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื”? ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉืžื ืืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืžื•ืจ? ื•ื”ืœื ืื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืœื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืžื ืขืฆืจืชื™? ื‘ืชืžื™ื”".

ื™ึฐืงึดืžึตื ื•ึผ โ€“ ื•ึฐื ึดื—ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•
ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจื“"ืง ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืžึดื™ึผึนืžึธื™ึดื, ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™ ื™ึฐืงึดืžึตื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื ึดื—ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•" (ื”ื•ืฉืข ื• ื‘) ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ืจื“"ืง: "'ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึตื ื•ึผ ืžึดื™ึผึนืžึธื™ึดื' โ€“ ื–ื” ื”ืžืืžืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“. ื•'ืžึดื™ึผึนืžึธื™ึดื' โ€“ ืžืฉืœ ืœืฉื ื™ ื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื’ืœื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœ. 'ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™' โ€“ ืžืฉืœ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื™ืงื™ืžื ื• ืžืžื ื•. ื•ึฐ'ื ึดื—ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื•' โ€“ ืฉืœื ื ื’ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ื ื—ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืœืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื ื—ื˜ื ืขื•ื“" (ื•ืจืื” ืžืฆื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื•ื“ ืฉื).

ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืกืงืช ืœืขื•ืœื
ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”: "ื•ืชื”ื ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืกืงืช ืœืขื•ืœื" (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื•, ื˜ื– ื•-ืžื‘; ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื—, ืžื‘ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช). ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื): "ืื™ืŸ ืขื™ืงืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื"ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื•, ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื” ื’ืœื•ืช". ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘: "ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ื” ื’ืœื•ืช".

ืจืžื– ื ืคืœื ื‘ืฉืžื•ืช ื”'
ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื
ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืกืง ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš? ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ืžืฆื 16 ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘-61 ื”ืคืจืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•. ื•ื‘ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื–ื• ืœื‘ื“ื” ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืข 6 ืคืขืžื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื "ื•ึทืชึผึนืืžึถืจ ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืขึฒื–ึธื‘ึทื ึดื™ ื”' ื•ึทื-ื“ึนื ึธื™ ืฉืึฐื›ึตื—ึธื ึดื™". ืื—ืจ ื›ืš "ื›ึผึนึฝื”ึพืึธืžึทึžืจ ืึฒ-ื“ึนื ึธึฃื™ ื”ึ—' ื”ึดื ึผึตึจื” ืึถืฉึผื‚ึธึคื ืึถืœึพื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดืึ™ ื™ึธื“ึดึ”ื™ ื•ึฐืึถืœึพืขึทืžึผึดึ–ื™ื ืึธืจึดึฃื™ื ื ึดืกึผึดึ‘ื™ ื•ึฐื”ึตื‘ึดึคื™ืื•ึผ ื‘ึธื ึทึ™ื™ึดืšึฐึ™ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึนึ”ืฆึถืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึนืชึทึ–ื™ึดืšึฐ ืขึทืœึพื›ึผึธืชึตึฅืฃ ืชึผึดื ึผึธืฉื‚ึถึฝืื ึธื”". ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืจื—ืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉื”
ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืจื—ืžื™ื. ื›ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืืช ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืฉื” "ื•ึธืึถืชึฐื—ึทื ึทึผืŸ ืึถืœ ื”' ื‘ึธึผืขึตืช ื”ึทื”ึดื•ื ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืึทืชึธึผื” ื”ึทื—ึดืœึผื•ึนืชึธ ืœึฐื”ึทืจึฐืื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึฐึผืšึธ ืึถืช ื’ึธึผื“ึฐืœึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื™ึธื“ึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึธืงึธื” ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืžึดื™ ืึตืœ ื‘ึทึผืฉึธึผืืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืฉึถื‚ื” ื›ึฐืžึทืขึฒืฉึถื‚ื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื›ึดื’ึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึนืชึถืšึธ". ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ื™ ืฉื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื "ืจื—ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ".
ื•ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžืฉื” ืžืชืคืœืœ ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื›ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืฉืขืช ืจื—ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื•. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืจื—ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืจื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”
ื›ืš ื’ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืขืช ืจื—ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื• ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื›ืžื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืœื ืœื•ืžืจ "ืขื–ื‘ื ื™ ื”' ื•ื-ื“ื ื™ ืฉื›ื—ื ื™". ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืกืชืจ ืคื ื™ื. ืจื•ืžื– ืœื ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืคื” ืจื—ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ. ืชืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ืกื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืฉืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœื ืžืชืจืขืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”' ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื’ืื•ืœื” (ื•ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืืจื ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”). ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื’ืื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื‘ืจื—ืžื™ื ื’ืžื•ืจื™ื. ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.

ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื” ืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืขืžื™ื—ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื ื›ื“ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”, ื›ืœืชื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืจื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื‘ื ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื ืจื’ืฉื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื•. ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื• ืืช ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืฉื ื”ืืžื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืขืžื“ ื•ืขืฉื” ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ื‘ืกื‘ืจ ืคื ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจ: ืœื ืžืชืื™ื. ืขืžื“ื ื• ื ื“ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื. ืžื” ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื ืžืชืื™ื? ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉืœื•: ืœื ืžืชืื™ื.
ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉืžื ื• ืคืขืžื™ื ื• ืืœ ืกื‘ื. ืกื™ืคืจื ื• ืœื• ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”, ื•ืกื‘ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืกืงืจืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืกื‘ื ื™ืืžืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื“ืขืชื• ืœื ื ื•ื—ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื’ื ืฉืกื‘ื ืœื ื™ืจืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืชืฉืชืžืข ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ืจื‘ ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ. ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื ืชืœื•ื•ื” ืืœื™ื• ืœื—ื“ืจ ืฆื“ื“ื™, ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืกืคืจ ืขืชื™ืง ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืชืืžืช ืฉืžื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ืš, ื“ืงื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืกืคืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื ื• ื›ื ืฆื— ื”ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ืื– ืืžืจ: ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืžืชืื™ื.
ืขืžื“ื ื• ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื. ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืœื ืฆื™ืคื™ื ื•. ืฉืืœื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”, ื•ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ืกื‘ื ื—ื™ื™ืš ื•ืืžืจ: ืจื’ืข, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžืฉื”ื•. ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ืจื’ืขื™ื ืืžืจ ืœื ื• ืกื‘ื: ื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ืฉืจื”, ื•ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ื’ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื”.
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื’ื ื›ืœืชื™ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื›ื ื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืฉืืœื ื• ืืช ืกื‘ื ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
"ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืขืœ ื”ืžื–ืœ", ืืžืจ ืกื‘ื. "ืื ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ืืช ื—ืŸ, ืชืชื—ืชื ื•, ื•ื”' ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจื›ื".
ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”' ื”ืชื—ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืœืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื.

ืœื™ืžื•ื ื“ื” ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืจื‘ืข ืขื•ืฃ
ืกื™ืคืจ ื—ื›ื ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืข"ื”, ืื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ: ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆื ื•ืขื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื™ื ื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืงืจื "ืงืคื” ื•ื™ื˜ื”" ื‘ืงื™ื ื’-ื’ื•ืจื’', ืžื•ืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื”. ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืฉื? ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื™ืš ืฉืœ ืื—ื™ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืืคืจื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืคืงื“ ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืืฆ"ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื–ื•ืœ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“.
ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืชืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ืื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืœื‘. ืื™ืžื ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืœืื—ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื˜. ืื—ื™ ื ืขื™ื ืงื ื” ืœื• ืžื’ื‘ืขืช. ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ื‘ื˜"ื• ื‘ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืคืกื— ืื™ืžื ื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืžืœืื›ืช ื”ืืคื™ื™ื”. ื”ื™ื ืœืงื—ื” ืฉืชื™ ืคืชื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืคืจื™ื“ืžืŸ" ื•ืืคืชื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืขื•ื’ื•ืช "ืžืขืžื•ืœ". ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ืืคืชื” ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื•ืช ื ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื’ื•ืช, ื•ืืจื–ื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืคืกืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉื•.
ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืœืงื—ื ื• ืžื™ื ื•ืงืจื—, ื”ื•ืกืคื ื• ืœื”ื ืžื™ืฅ ืœื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืกื•ื›ืจ, ื•ื”ื›ื ื• ืœื™ืžื•ื ื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื” ืœืฉืชื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืงื ื™ื ื• ื’ื ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื‘ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืขื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืœื™ืžื•ื ื“ื”. ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื’ื ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™ื, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื ื”ืžืœืฆืจื™ื.
ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื—ื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื—ื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื. ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื”. ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื ืกื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืขืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ. ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ", ื”ืจื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืขื–ืจื ืขื˜ื™ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฆื“ืงื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ืื‘ื, ืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื ืขื˜ื™ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช "ืคื•ืจืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ". ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘, ืžื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืกืชืจื™ื, ืœื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื, ืฉื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืจืง ืคื ื™ื”ื ืžืœืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื”.

ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžื” . ืื ื™ ืืžื• ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื” .ืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื–ื›ืจืช ื”-11 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ืœื™ ื ืืžืจ ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื 11 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื•ืœื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื•ืช, ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื™ืฆื• ืชืืจื™ืš ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ, ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื”ื‘ืŸ ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘-7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืœ ื ื˜ืžืŸ ืจืง ื‘-11 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉืขื” 20:00. ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœืคื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืคื˜ื™ืจื”. ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื•ืจื™ื“ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืืช ืžืคืœืก ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื•ื”ื—ืจื“ื”. ื”ืื ื‘-11 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ?ื”ืื ื’ื ื‘-13 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช? ื•ืžืชื™ ื–ื” 13 ื—ื•ื“ืฉ? ื›ื™ ืื– ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.

ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื•ื ืื–ื›ืจื” ืœื ื‘-11, ืœื ื‘-12 ื•ืœื ื‘-13. ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืœื—ืžื• ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืชืจืžื• ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื. ืืช ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืš ืคื ื™ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื”ืœืœื•. ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ืžื• ืืœ ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืœื›ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื’ื ื‘-11 ื’ื ื‘-12 ื•ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื”. ืžืœื‘ื“ ื–ืืช, ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื“ืจ ื’ื•ื“ืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืฉืชืขืฉื• ื›ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื• ื‘ื—ืœืงื. ืชื“ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืžืขืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื. ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื• ืืžืช ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืœื” ื”ื–ืืช. ืชืขืฉื• ื›ื ืกื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ, ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ืจื“ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืชืกืคืจื• ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื ื•ืžืขืœืชื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืื–ื›ืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืืจื™ืš. ื—ื–ืงื• ื•ืืžืฆื•.
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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
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    ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ

    ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ โ€“ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื’ืื•ืœื”

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื™ืœื•ืœืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืื‘ื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืฆืคืช ืชืฉืข"ื•

    ื”' ืื‘ ืชืฉืข"ื•
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    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื“
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    52 ื“ืง'
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ื”ืื•ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืœ"ื’ ื‘ืขื•ืžืจ

    ืขื•ึผืœื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึธืชื•ึผ, ื•ึฐืึดืชึฐื›ึผึฐื ึธืฉืื•ึผ ืœึฐื”ึดื™ืœึผื•ึผืœึธื ื“ึผึฐืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ

    ื™"ื’ ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉ"ืค
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    2 ื“ืง'
    ืจื’ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื”

    ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ?

    ืจื’ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื” | ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื

    ื—' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื“
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื“ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืื•ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il