ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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11 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 51 ื“ืง' ื”ืื–ื ื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืขืžืจื ื‘ืŸ ืกื•ืœื˜ื ื”

ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืคื•ืชื—ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™:
(ื) ื•ึฐืึตืœึผึถื” ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึธืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื: (ื‘) ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืงึฐื ึถื” ืขึถื‘ึถื“ ืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ ืฉืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื ื™ึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ื•ึผื‘ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดืขึดืช ื™ึตืฆึตื ืœึทื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ื—ึดื ึผึธื: (ื’) ืึดื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึทืคึผื•ึน ื™ึธื‘ึนื ื‘ึผึฐื’ึทืคึผื•ึน ื™ึตืฆึตื ืึดื ื‘ึผึทืขึทืœ ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื”ื•ึผื ื•ึฐื™ึธืฆึฐืึธื” ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึน ืขึดืžึผื•ึน: (ื“) ืึดื ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ื• ื™ึดืชึผึถืŸ ืœื•ึน ืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื•ึฐื™ึธืœึฐื“ึธื” ืœื•ึน ื‘ึธื ึดื™ื ืื•ึน ื‘ึธื ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึดืฉึผืึธื” ื•ึดื™ืœึธื“ึถื™ื”ึธ ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึทืื“ึนื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ื™ึตืฆึตื ื‘ึฐื’ึทืคึผื•ึน: (ื”) ื•ึฐืึดื ืึธืžึนืจ ื™ึนืืžึทืจ ื”ึธืขึถื‘ึถื“ ืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืึถืช ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ืึถืช ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดื™ ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึธื ึธื™ ืœึนื ืึตืฆึตื ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™: (ื•) ื•ึฐื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืฉืื•ึน ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ื• ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึดื’ึผึดื™ืฉืื•ึน ืึถืœ ื”ึทื“ึผึถืœึถืช ืื•ึน ืึถืœ ื”ึทืžึผึฐื–ื•ึผื–ึธื” ื•ึฐืจึธืฆึทืข ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ื• ืึถืช ืึธื–ึฐื ื•ึน ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทืจึฐืฆึตืขึท ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึธื“ื•ึน ืœึฐืขึนืœึธื:

ื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” "ืœึนื ืึตืฆึตื ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™" - ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ื›'ื—ื•ืคืฉ'. ื’ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืจืื” ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื›ืš ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“: "ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืžึผึธื›ึตืจ ืœึฐืšึธ ืึธื—ึดื™ืšึธ ื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ ืื•ึน ื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ึผึธื” ื•ึทืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึฐืšึธ ืฉืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดืช ืชึผึฐืฉืึทืœึผึฐื—ึถื ึผื•ึผ ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ ืžึตืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ". ื•ื”ื ื”, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ 1 :
(ื—) ื•ึฐืกึธืคึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืœึฐืšึธ ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐืชึนืช ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืคึผึฐืขึธืžึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืœึฐืšึธ ื™ึฐืžึตื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึทื‘ึผึฐืชึนืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื ึดื™ื ืชึผึตืฉืึทืข ื•ึฐืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื”: (ื˜) ื•ึฐื”ึทืขึฒื‘ึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืฉืื•ึนืคึทืจ ืชึผึฐืจื•ึผืขึธื” ื‘ึผึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดืขึดื™ ื‘ึผึถืขึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืจ ืœึทื—ึนื“ึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทื›ึผึดืคึผึปืจึดื™ื ืชึผึทืขึฒื‘ึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืฉืื•ึนืคึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืึทืจึฐืฆึฐื›ึถื: (ื™) ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึถื™ื”ึธ ื™ื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื”ึดื•ื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืึฒื—ึปื–ึผึธืชื•ึน ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึทื—ึฐืชึผื•ึน ืชึผึธืฉืึปื‘ื•ึผ: (ื™ื) ื™ื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื”ึดื•ื ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึนื ืชึดื–ึฐืจึธืขื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึดืงึฐืฆึฐืจื•ึผ ืึถืช ืกึฐืคึดื™ื—ึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืชึดื‘ึฐืฆึฐืจื•ึผ ืึถืช ื ึฐื–ึดืจึถื™ื”ึธ: (ื™ื‘) ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื”ึดื•ื ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื“ึถื” ืชึผึนืื›ึฐืœื•ึผ ืึถืช ืชึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธืชึธื”ึผ: (ื™ื’) ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื ึทืช ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืชึผึธืฉืึปื‘ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืึฒื—ึปื–ึผึธืชื•ึน:

ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืขื•ืกืงืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ. ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ, "ื•ึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึถื™ื”ึธ", ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ื“ืจื•ืจ', ื•ืœื ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ื—ื•ืคืฉ'. ืžื”ื• ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืœื“ืจื•ืจ?

ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื”
ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื’"ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื›ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืคืจืฉื”:
ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ื•ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ื˜ืขื ืœืžื” ื“ื‘ืง ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืืœ ื–ื” ืื• ื–ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืืœ ื–ืืช ื ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•, ื•ืื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื“ืขืชื ื•. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืื“ื ื›ืžื•ื”ื•, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขื‘ื“.

ื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื”ื•ื, ืฉื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจืฉื”. ืžื” ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ - ื ืคืœื, ื•ืžื” ืฉืœื - ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ืฉื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ื–ื›ืจ ืœื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืจื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœืคืจืฉืชื ื•.
ืืœื ืฉื›ืืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืžืฆื•ื” ืฉืชื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ืœื ืคืชื—ื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช? ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื ืจืื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื›ืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื’ืขืช ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืขื•ืžืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™, ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืจืง ืœืื•ืชื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืขื‘ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™.
ืขื•ื“ ื ืฉืืœ, ื”ืจื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื• โ€“ ื›ืžื• ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื•ื—ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ืœืื—ืจ ื›ื•ืœื? ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืฉืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจืช ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ืœืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื”?
ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื ืืžืจ: "ืจึตืืฉืึดื™ืช ื‘ึผึดื›ึผื•ึผืจึตื™ ืึทื“ึฐืžึธืชึฐืšึธ ืชึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ' 2 , ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ืืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื, ืœื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ ืื“ืžืชืš...". ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”, ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืงืจ, ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืืจืฅ "ืืฉืจ ื ืชืช ืœื™ ื”'"? ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”?

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื“ืจื•ืจ'
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉืืœื•ืชื™ื ื•, ื ื‘ืจืจ ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื“ืจื•ืจ' ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ. ื›ืฉื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆื, ืฉืœืžื™ืœื” 'ื“ืจื•ืจ' ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ืœื” 'ื“ืจื•ืจ' ื”ื•ื: ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื›ื™ ืชืฉื "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื” ืงึทื— ืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐืฉื‚ึธืžึดื™ื ืจึนืืฉื ืžึธืจ ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื—ึฒืžึตืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืงึดื ึผึฐืžึธืŸ ื‘ึผึถืฉื‚ึถื ืžึทื—ึฒืฆึดื™ืชื•ึน ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึธืืชึธื™ึดื ื•ึผืงึฐื ึตื” ื‘ึนืฉื‚ึถื ื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึธืืชึธื™ึดื" 3 . ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ื”ื•ื 'ืžืจ', ื•ืžื”ื• 'ืžืจ ื“ืจื•ืจ'? ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ, ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืงื—ืช 'ืžืจ' ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ืฃ, ืืœื 'ืžืจ ื“ืจื•ืจ' โ€“ ืžืจ ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ. ืื ื›ืŸ, ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ืœื” 'ื“ืจื•ืจ' ื”ื•ื ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ.
ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ โ€“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื‘ืฉืจ ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ืœืฉื‘ื•ื™ื™ื 4 :
(ื—) ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึถืœ ื™ึดืจึฐืžึฐื™ึธื”ื•ึผ ืžึตืึตืช ื”' ืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึผึฐืจึนืช ื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ืฆึดื“ึฐืงึดื™ึผึธื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ืœึดืงึฐืจึนื ืœึธื”ึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ: (ื˜) ืœึฐืฉืึทืœึผึทื— ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืฉืึดืคึฐื—ึธืชื•ึน ื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ ื•ึฐื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ึผึธื” ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึดืœึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ ื‘ึผึธื ื‘ึผึดื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึดื™ ืึธื—ึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื: (ื™) ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืขื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื‘ึผึธืื•ึผ ื‘ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ืœึฐืฉืึทืœึผึทื— ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึผื•ึน ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืช ืฉืึดืคึฐื—ึธืชื•ึน ื—ึธืคึฐืฉืึดื™ื ืœึฐื‘ึดืœึฐืชึผึดื™ ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ ื‘ึผึธื ืขื•ึนื“ ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืขื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึฐืฉืึทืœึผึตื—ื•ึผ:

ื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืฉื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ: "ื’ึผึทื ืฆึดืคึผื•ึนืจ ืžึธืฆึฐืึธื” ื‘ึทื™ึดืช ื•ึผื“ึฐืจื•ึนืจ ืงึตืŸ ืœึธื”ึผ" 5 .
ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ืฉืœืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืœืžื™ืœื” ื“ืจื•ืจ: ื. ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื‘. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื’. ืฉื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ. ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื” ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื โ€“ ื›ื•ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ื•ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื”. ืžื”ื• ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉืœืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื” ื“ืจื•ืจ?
ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจ. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช "ื•ึฐืงึดื“ึผึทืฉืึฐืชึผึถื ืึตืช ืฉืึฐื ึทืช ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดืฉึผืึดื™ื ืฉืึธื ึธื” ื•ึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ึนืฉืึฐื‘ึถื™ื”ึธ ื™ื•ึนื‘ึตืœ ื”ึดื•ื ืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืึฒื—ึปื–ึผึธืชื•ึน ื•ึฐืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึทื—ึฐืชึผื•ึน ืชึผึธืฉืึปื‘ื•ึผ", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš, ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื›ืจ ืืช ืื—ื•ื–ืชื• ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื”. ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื: 'ื•ืฉื‘ืชื ืื™ืฉ ืืœ ืื—ื•ื–ืชื• - ืฉื”ืฉื“ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ'. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืจืฉ"ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื•ืš ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ ืืœ ืื—ื•ื–ืชื•, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจืฉ"ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืฉื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ืื™ืฉ! ืžื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืฉื•ื ื•?
ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืจืฉ"ื™. ืžื” ื’ืจื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ืื‘ื“ ืืช ืจื›ื•ืฉื•, ื•ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืื—ื•ื–ืชื•? ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ืœืขืกืงื™ื. ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืงื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื. ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืœื˜ื• ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ื ื ื™ื”ืœื• ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœ ืื•ืชื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื‘ื ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ - ืœื ื”ืื“ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืืœ ื”ืฉื“ื”, ืืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืฉื“ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืืœื ื”ืฉื“ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืื“ื. ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืื“ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื›'ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช', ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”. ื›ืฉืื“ื ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉื• - ื”ืจื™ื”ื• ื—ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ืฉืœืžื™ื, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื“ื ืฉืžืžื•ื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื•, ื—ื™ ื—ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื•ืฃ. ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื ื›ื•ืŸ - ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื“ืจื•ืจ. ืื– ื”ืื“ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ืจื•ืจ. ืฆื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ืจื•ืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืงืŸ ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื. ื›ืฉืื“ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื—ื•ื–ืชื• ืฉื‘ื” ืืœื™ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•, ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื”.

ื”ื“ืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ืช
ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื’ื’. ืื•ืœื, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ื’ื’, ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช 6 :
ืขืฉืจื” ื ืกื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ: ืœื ื”ืคื™ืœื” ืืฉื” ืžืจื™ื— ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื•ืœื ื”ืกืจื™ื— ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืžืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื ืจืื” ื–ื‘ื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ืื™ืจืข ืงืจื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ืคื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ื‘ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืืฉ ืฉืœ ืขืฆื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ื” ื•ืœื ื ืฆื—ื” ื”ืจื•ื— ืืช ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืขืฉืŸ ื•ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืœื—ื ื•ื‘ืœื—ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฆืคื•ืคื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชื—ื•ื™ื ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื–ื™ืง ื ื—ืฉ ื•ืขืงืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ืืžืจ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืฆืจ ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.

ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ - ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื›ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืฉ, ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ืื™ื ื” ืžื–ื™ื–ื” ืืช ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืขืฉืŸ! ื›ื™ ืฉื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื“ืจื•ืจ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืขืœืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื˜ื•ืขืžื™ื ื˜ืขื ื“ืจื•ืจ ืœืœื ื—ืฆื™ืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ืœืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืฉืžืชืืจืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืืช ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘, ื”ื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืžืชืืจืช ื’ื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื: "ื•ึฐืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืชึธ ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืžึดืงึฐื˜ึทืจ ืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ืขึฒืฆึตื™ ืฉืึดื˜ึผึดื™ื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ืึนืชื•ึน... ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐื˜ึดื™ืจ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืงึฐื˜ึนืจึถืช ืกึทืžึผึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึตื™ื˜ึดื™ื‘ื•ึน ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึตืจึนืช ื™ึทืงึฐื˜ึดื™ืจึถื ึผึธื”... ื•ึฐื›ึดืคึผึถืจ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืขึทืœ ืงึทืจึฐื ึนืชึธื™ื• ืึทื—ึทืช ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ืžึดื“ึผึทื ื—ึทื˜ึผึทืืช ื”ึทื›ึผึดืคึผึปืจึดื™ื ืึทื—ึทืช ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึธื ึธื” ื™ึฐื›ึทืคึผึตืจ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ืœึฐื“ึนืจึนืชึตื™ื›ึถื ืงึนื“ึถืฉื ืงึธื“ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื ืœึทื”'" 7 . ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช โ€“ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ืจื•ืจ. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืขื•ื ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ โ€“ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื•ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ืชืš - ื›ืฉืชื‘ื ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ืš ื›ืืœื• ืžืœืื›ืชืš ืขืฉื•ื™ื”, ืฉืœื ืชื”ืจื”ืจ ืื—ืจ ืžืœืื›ื”" 8 . ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื ื• ืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ื•ื˜ "ื“ืจื•ืจ ื™ืงืจื ืœื‘ืŸ ืขื ื‘ืช", ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื˜ืขื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืฆื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘"ื”, "ื•ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ื• ื™ื’ื™ืขื™ ื›ื—". ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืฉื ื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.

ืžื“ื•ืข ืคืชื—ื” ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื?
ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึฐื”ึทืœึผึปื—ึนืช ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื”ึตืžึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึดื›ึฐืชึผึธื‘ ืžึดื›ึฐืชึผึทื‘ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื”ื•ึผื ื—ึธืจื•ึผืช ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืœึผึปื—ึนืช", ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ: "ืืœ ืชืงืจื™ ื—ืจื•ืช ืืœื ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื•" 9 . ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืืœ ื”ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช, ืืœ ืชื•ืจืช ื”'.
ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ืœื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ืœื–ืžืŸ, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื”'. ื–ืืช ืื ืœื ืžืกืชืคืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ, ืืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืจ.

ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ
ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ืฉื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ โ€“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืงื™ื“ื”. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึถืช ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึทืึฒื›ึถืœึถืช ืœึดืฉืึฐื—ึนื˜ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึตืœึธื™ื• ืžึทืœึฐืึทืšึฐ ื”' ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ืึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ื”ึดื ึผึตื ึดื™: ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืึทืœ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืœึทื— ื™ึธื“ึฐืšึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึทื ึผึทืขึทืจ ื•ึฐืึทืœ ืชึผึทืขึทืฉื‚ ืœื•ึน ืžึฐืื•ึผืžึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืชึผึธื” ื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐืจึตื ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ืึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึฐืœึนื ื—ึธืฉื‚ึทื›ึฐืชึผึธ ืึถืช ื‘ึผึดื ึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื™ึฐื—ึดื™ื“ึฐืšึธ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึดื™" 10 . ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื›ืคื™ืœื•ืช 'ืืœ ืชืฉืœื— ื™ื“ืš... ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืœื• ืžืื•ืžื”'? ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืจืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ:
ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืœ ืชืฉืœื— ื™ื“ืš - ื•ืกื›ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื”? ื ืฉืจื• ืฉืœืฉ ื“ืžืขื•ืช ืžืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ืฉื—ืช ื”ืกื›ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจ ืœื•: ืื—ื ืงื ื•, ืืžืจ ืœื•: ืืœ ืชืฉืœื— ื™ื“ืš ืืœ ื”ื ืขืจ. ืืžืจ ืœื•: ืื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื˜ืคืช ื“ื, ืืžืจ ืœื•: ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืœื• ืžืื•ืžื” - ืืœ ืชืขืฉ ืœื• ืžื•ืžื”. ื›ื™ ืขืชื” ื™ื“ืขืชื™ - ื”ื•ื“ืขืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ืฉืืช ืื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ ื•ืœื ื—ืฉื›ืช ื•ื’ื•'.

ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžื“ื•ืข ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื—ืคืฉ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื“ื ืžื™ืฆื—ืง? ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ืœื• ืœื”', ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื’ื ื”ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš. ืฉื•ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืืขืฉื” ื–ืืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขื˜ ื“ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืžื–ื›ืจืช ื ืฆื—? ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื”': ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื ื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช? ืงื— ืืช ื”ืื™ืœ, ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืงืจื ื™ื•, ื•ืฉื—ื˜ ืื•ืชื• ืœืคื ื™. ืงื— ืืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืœ โ€“ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ, ื•ืขื ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ืชืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืžื” ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ. ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืคืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื ืืœื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื“ืจื•ืจ. ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืœื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ืช ื”ื™ื•ื‘ืœ โ€“ ื™ืฉ ืชืงื™ืขืช ืฉื•ืคืจ. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช "ื“ืจื•ืจ ื™ืงืจื ืœื‘ืŸ ืขื ื‘ืช", ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื’ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื“ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืชื•ืงืขื™ื ืฉืฉ ืชืงื™ืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช 11 :
ืชื ื ื“ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ, ืฉืฉ ืชืงื™ืขื•ืช ืชื•ืงืขื™ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช: ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืงื•ืข ืชืงื™ืขื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” - ื ืžื ืขื• ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื” ืžืœืขื“ื•ืจ ื•ืžืœื—ืจื•ืฉ ื•ืžืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืœืื›ื” ืฉื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื›ื ืกื• ื›ื•ืœื ื›ืื—ื“. ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืชืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ืŸ, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืงื•ืข ืชืงื™ืขื” ืฉื ื™ื” - ื ืกืชืœืงื• ื”ืชืจื™ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื ื ืขืœื• ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื™ืŸ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื™ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื™ืจื”. ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืงื•ืข ืชืงื™ืขื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช - ืกื™ืœืง ื”ืžืกืœืง, ื•ื”ื˜ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืžื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื”ืžื“ืœื™ืง. ื•ืฉื•ื”ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฆืœื™ื™ืช ื“ื’ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื‘ื™ืง ืคืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืจ, ื•ืชื•ืงืข ื•ืžืจื™ืข ื•ืชื•ืงืข ื•ืฉื•ื‘ืช.

ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื ืืžืจ "ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืงื•ึนืœ ื”ึทืฉึผืื•ึนืคึธืจ ื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐ ื•ึฐื—ึธื–ึตืง ืžึฐืึนื“ ืžึนืฉืึถื” ื™ึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจ ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึทืขึฒื ึถื ึผื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืงื•ึนืœ" 12 , ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื: "ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจ ืื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืื—ื: ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืžืจื™ ืฉืคืจ - ืืžืจื™ ืฉื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฉืคืจื™ืŸ ืืžืจื™ื, ืฉื ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ื‘ืชืจื•ืขื”. ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืžืจื™ ืฉืคืจ - ื ืชื™ื ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืข"ื™ ืงื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ". ื›ืฉืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘"ื” ืžืชื ืงื™ื ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ โ€“ ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ, ืงืจืŸ ื”ืื™ืœ.
ืขืชื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื ื ืขืœืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืจื’ืœื™ื. ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืงื‘"ื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืžืžื™ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืฆืจืฃ ืื•ืชื ื•. ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื’ ืžื’ืœื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืชื™ื ื™ื—ื“, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืžื’ืœื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืคื ื™ื. ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื•ืจ ืฉื ื’ื— ื•ื—ื•ื‘ืœ ื•ืžื–ื™ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืงื™ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.
ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”, ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื•ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžื”ืฉื“ื” ืฉืœื• ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืžืคืงื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื’ื ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื• ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช - ื”ืคืงืจืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื ืกื• ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืžื” ืฉื™ืจืฆื• ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื, ืื•ืชื ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืงื— ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืงื“ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”.
ื•ื›ืš ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืคืจืฉื” "ืฉืœืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื™ืจืื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืจืš ืืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”'" โ€“ ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืชื•ืืจ 'ืื“ื•ืŸ'? ืชื•ืืจ ื–ื” ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ 13 :
ื”ื ื” ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžื ื™: ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ "ืื“ื•ืŸ" ืขื•ืงืจ ื“ื™ื•ืจื™ืŸ - ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืก ื“ื™ื•ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืื‘ ืœื›ืœื, ืขื•ืงืจ ื›ื ืขื ื™ื™ื - ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ืœื›ืŸ ื ืื•ื ื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ื”' ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ืื‘ื™ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ืš ื›ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื”:
ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉื”' ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื”"ื‘, ืœื ื”ืื“ืžื” ื•ื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœื™ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืืœื ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”' - ืื– ืžืชื’ืœื” ืื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืืจืฅ, ื•ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืื ื• ืžื—ื›ื™ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ืฉืขื ื™ื ื” ืžืจืืฉื™ืชื” ื•ืขื“ ืกื•ืคื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืจืฆ"ื’ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื• 14 :
"ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื ื ื• ืžื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ ืžื—ื ื•ืช. ืชืžื™ื“ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืฆืœืฆืœ ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœื•, ื•ื”ื ื—ืจื“ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื. ืฉืžื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ืืฆืœื ื• ื›ืœืœ. ื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชื•ื›ื ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื›ืš ื”ืžืชืืจ ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืžืคืœื’ื•ืช, ืžื–ื” ืœื ื™ื“ืขื ื•. ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืืœื”, ื•ื”ืœื•ืื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ื— ืžืื™ืชื ื•, ื›ื›ืœืœ, ืืช ืืœื” ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืฉื˜ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื™ืชื ื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืจ ื“' ืืฉืจ ื™ืื™ืจ ืœื ื•.
ื”ื”ื‘ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื™ืชืืžืจ ืœื•ืžืจ: ืื ื™ ื”ื ื ื™ ืžืžื—ื ื” ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื’ื ื”ื•ื: ืื ื™ ื”ื ื ื™ ืžืžื—ื ื” ื–ื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžืขืžื“ืชื• โ€“ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืชื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืืžืจื• ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ืœื‘ืืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืกืžืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืžื—ื ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื•ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžื›ืš, ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ืจื•ื“ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืจึฐืึถื” ื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ ืฉื‚ึนื ึทืึฒืšึธ ืจึนื‘ึตืฅ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธืื•ึน ื•ึฐื—ึธื“ึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ืžึตืขึฒื–ึนื‘ ืœื•ึน ืขึธื–ึนื‘ ืชึผึทืขึฒื–ึนื‘ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน" 15 . ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ - ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืจืฉืขื™ื. ืื•ืœื, ื›ืฉืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืื– ื”ื›ืœ "ืจื•ื‘ืฅ" โ€“ ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉืขื™ื, ื‘ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืš. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืื” ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืœืœืžื“ื ื•, ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•.

ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœืงื— ืื™ืœืŸ ืจืžื•ืŸ ื–"ืœ
ืื™ืœืŸ ืจืžื•ืŸ ื–"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืก ืœื—ืœืœ, ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื ืกืคื” ื‘ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื‘ื•ืจืช ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”. ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืงื— ืื™ืœืŸ ืจืžื•ืŸ ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืจืชืง. ื”ื—ื•ื ืš ืฉืœ ืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื›ื™ืŸ, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื’ืŸ ื‘ืœื–ืŸ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื”. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื—ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืกื‘ืจื’, ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืœื ื“, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื”. ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืจื‘ืข ืœืฉืœืฉ, ื›ืฉืงืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืขื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืฆืจื™ืฃ ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขื ืืจื‘ืข ื ืจื•ืช ื“ื•ืœืงื™ื ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื ืžืฆื ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื ืขื ืฉืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืจืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ื›ืœื•ื, ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืกื‘ืจื’ - ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื”. ืคืชืื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืงืฉ ื‘ื“ืœืช, ื”ื ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื—ืœืง ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžื™ื˜ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช - ื•ื”ื ื” ื‘ืคืชื— ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืืžื ืฉืœื•, ืฉื‘ืื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื•. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื ืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื, ื›ื™ ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื. ื”ื ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื•ืงืจืื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื”, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ืชืŸ ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” โ€“ ืื—ื“ ื ืชืŸ ื—ืฆื™ ืคืจื•ืกื”, ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืงื•ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“, ื•ื›ื•'. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืกื‘ืจื’: ืืชื” ื”ืจื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื—ื™, ืื ื™ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืชื™. ืงื— ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืชืกืคืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืš, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื”. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื, ืื™ืžื• ื ื™ืฉืงื” ืื•ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื™ื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื” ืขื“ ืฉืขืจ ื”ืžื—ื ื” ื•ื—ื–ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื›ื™ืก. ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ืจืฆื— ื”ืจื‘ ื“ืกื‘ืจื’, ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืงื•ืจื ืžืคืงื“ ื”ืžื—ื ื” ืœื• ื•ืœืื—ื™ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื•: ืœืžื” ืœื ืืžืจืช ืœื™ ืฉืืชื” ื ืชื™ืŸ ื–ืจ ื•ืฉืื™ื ืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™? ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื“ื•ื“ ืกื™ื“ืจ ืœื”ื ื“ืจื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžื–ื•ื™ื™ืคื™ื ืžื“ืจื•ื ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื™ืฆืื•, ืขืœื• ืœืจื›ื‘ืช, ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”, ืจืื• ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื–ืงืŸ ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื™ื›ืœ ืœื–ื•ื–, ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืื‘ื ืฉื—ื™ืคืฉ ืืช ืืžื. ื’ื ืœื”ื ืกื™ื“ืจื• ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ื•ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ, ื•ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืืžืจ ื›ืœื•ื ืœืืฉืชื• ื•ื‘ื ื™ื•, ื•ืจืง ื›ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ื”ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืจื•ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืœืŸ ืจืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืฆืœื• ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืœ ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ื”ืชืจื’ืฉ, ื•ืืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื•. ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ืฆื™ืข ืื™ืœืŸ ืจืžื•ืŸ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืชื• ืœื—ืœืœ ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืขืฉืจืช ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืงื—ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื›ื•ืœื, ื™ืกืคืจ ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื• ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื ื•.

ืืฆืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื ืืžืจ "ื•ื™ื•ืฆื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”" 16 โ€“ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื—ืœืœื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ืืฆืœ ืžืฉื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื ื˜ื” ื™ื“ืš ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ื" 17 - ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืจืื” ืœื• ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ืžืœืžืขืœื”. ืœืฉื ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชื•ืจืช ื”' ื ืžืฆืืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ืœืœื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ื”ื™ื 'ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื'. ื ื“ืžื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืœืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ 'ืจื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’' ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ืื™ ืฉื ื‘ืžื—ื ื” ื”ืฉืžื“ื”, ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉืืจ ืžืžื ื•? ืื‘ืœ "ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืฉื—ืง ืœืžื•", ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื™ืก. ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื ื›ืžื• ื“ื‘ืง, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืžืกืงื ื” โ€“ ืืช ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื–ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื–ื” ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื•ืžืฆืจืคืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื—ื“, ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื›ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื "ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข" 18 โ€“ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื 'ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข' ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื“ื•ืงื ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืœื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืชืจื• ื”ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™. ื›ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ื–ื” ื›ื— ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื“ืจื•ืจ ื•ื ืงื™ื•ืŸ ืžื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” - ืื– ื›ื•ืœื ืขื•ื ื™ื ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื ืขืฉื” ื•ื ืฉืžืข".


ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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