ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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165
15 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 61 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš

ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื•


ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืขืฉื• โ€“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื


ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืฉื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืขืฉื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ืžื™ื•, ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื. ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื "ื”ืจื™ืขื• ืœื”' ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ", ื•ืื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช 20 ืคืขืžื™ื. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืื ืขืฉื• ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืœื. ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ื™ืฉืœื—" ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืขืฉื• ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”, ืžืชื—ื‘ืงื™ื ื•ืžืชื ืฉืงื™ื. ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืชื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื.


ื›ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึนื—ึท ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืฉืึฐืžึธืžึธื” ืึถืขึฑืฉื‚ึถื” ืœึผึธืšึฐ


ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ืื“ื•ื ื•ืขืฉื• ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ "ื•ึฐืขึธืœึคื•ึผ ืžึฝื•ึนืฉืึดืขึดื™ืึ™ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทึฃืจ ืฆึดื™ึผึ”ื•ึนืŸ ืœึดืฉืึฐืคึผึนึ–ื˜ ืึถืชึพื”ึทึฃืจ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธึ‘ื• ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธึฅื” ืœึทึฝื”ึ–' ื”ึทืžึผึฐืœื•ึผื›ึธึฝื”" (ื ื›ื). "ื™ึทึ—ืขึทืŸ ื”ึฑื™ึคื•ึนืช ืœึฐืšึธึ™ ืึตื™ื‘ึทึฃืช ืขื•ึนืœึธึ”ื ื•ึทืชึผึทื’ึผึตึฅืจ ืึถืชึพื‘ึผึฐื ึตึฝื™ึพื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ–ืœ ืขึทืœึพื™ึฐื“ึตื™ึพื—ึธึ‘ืจึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตึฃืช ืึตื™ื“ึธึ”ื ื‘ึผึฐืขึตึ–ืช ืขึฒื•ึนึฅืŸ ืงึตึฝืฅ" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื” ื”). ืœื›ืŸ "ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ื–ึถึคื‘ึทื— ืœึทึฝื”ึ™' ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึธืฆึฐืจึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐื˜ึถึฅื‘ึทื— ื’ึผึธื“ึ–ื•ึนืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึถึฅืจึถืฅ ืึฑื“ึฝื•ึนื" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืœื“). ื•ื’ื ื›ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื™ื™ื”ื ื• ืžื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—, ืขืฉื• ื™ืฉืœื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ืงืจ.  "ื›ึผึนึฅื” ืึธืžึทึ–ืจ ืึฒ-ื“ึนื ึธึฃื™ ื”ึ‘' ื›ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึนึ™ื—ึทึ™ ื›ึผึธืœึพื”ึธืึธึ”ืจึถืฅ ืฉืึฐืžึธืžึธึ–ื” ืึถืขึฑืฉื‚ึถื”ึพืœึผึธึฝืšึฐ" (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืœื” ื™ื“). ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื "ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืขื” ืžื”ืจื” ืชืขืงืจ ื•ืชืฉื‘ืจ ื•ืชื›ืœื ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืขื ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•".


ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ืžื ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืœืขืฉื• ื•ืื“ื•ื


ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• (710)
ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
481 - ืงึฐื—ื•ึผ ื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนืœึดื™ื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึธื ื•ึนืช
482 - ื’ึถึผืฉึถืื ื ึฐื“ึธื‘ื•ึนืช ืชึธึผื ึดื™ืฃ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื
483 - ืกื•ึผืจื•ึผ ื ึธื ืžึตืขึทืœ ืึธื”ึณืœึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึธืจึฐืฉืึธืขึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื”
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“

ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืืžืจื• ืฉืื“ื•ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื–ื• ืจื•ืžื. ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืจื—ื• ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉื• ืœื ื—ืœืช ืื“ื•ื ืฉื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ืžืฉื ื‘ื ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืก. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ืœื• ืœืจื•ืžื ื•ื ืจื“ืคื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืงื•ึนื ึฐืกึฐื˜ึทื ึฐื˜ึดื™ื ื•ึผืก ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื” ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืจื•ืžื ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”.


ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฉื• ื”ื•ื ืื“ื•ื ืœืจื•ืžื ื”ืชื ื‘ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื•ืืžืจ: "ื”ื ื” ืžืฉืžื ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉื‘ืš" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื–, ืœื˜), ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• "ื–ื• ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืŸ" (ื‘"ืจ ืกื–, ื•), ืฉื–ื• ืจื•ืžื (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื•, ื‘). ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืžื ืœื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ื ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื: "ืืžืจ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ: ืฉืœืฉ ื˜ืขื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืจื•ืžื™ ืœื˜ืขื•ืช, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘: 'ืžื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืžืื“ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืฅ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืจื”', ื˜ื•ืขื” - ืฉืื™ื ื” ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืืœื ื‘ืฆืจ (ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™). ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืฆืจื” (ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื”); ื˜ื•ืขื” - ืฉืื™ื ื” ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืืœื ืฉื•ื’ื’, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื™ื“ ื”ื™ื”; ื˜ื•ืขื” - ืฉืื™ื ื” ืงื•ืœื˜ืช ืืœื ืื“ื, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืœืืš ื”ื•ื" (ืžื›ื•ืช ื™ื‘ ื. ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืื‘ืจื‘ืื ืœ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื•ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ื ื™ืงื•ืœืื• ื”ืžืคืจืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื).


ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืฉื• - ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื”


ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืœื™ืžื“ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืฉื• ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืงืœื™ืคื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ืจืจ ืืฆืœื• ื”ืจืข ืžื”ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœื›ืŸ ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื• ืงื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื” (ืกื•ื˜ื” ื™ื’ ืข"ื), ื•ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืŸ ื“ืŸ ืฉื”ืจื’ื• ืœืขืฉื•. "ืฉืœืฃ ืืช ื—ืจื‘ื• ื•ื”ืชื™ื– ืืช ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื• ื•ื ื›ื ืก ื”ืจืืฉ ืœืชื•ืš ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื” ื•ืืช ื’ื•ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœื— ืœืืจืฅ ืื—ื•ื–ืชื• ื‘ื”ืจ ืฉืขื™ืจ. ืžื” ืขืฉื” ื™ืฆื—ืง? ืื—ื– ื‘ืจืืฉื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืคืœืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื•: ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื™ึปื—ึทืŸ ืจึธืฉืึธืข ื‘ึผึทืœ ืœึธืžึทื“ ืฆึถื“ึถืง. ื™ื•ื—ืŸ ืจืฉืข ื–ื” ืฉืœื ืœืžื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ึผึทืœ ืœึธืžึทื“ ืฆึถื“ึถืง. ื•ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ' ื‘ึผึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื ึฐื›ึนื—ื•ึนืช ื™ึฐืขึทื•ึผึตืœ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ืชื• ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื“ืฉ ื•ืืžืจื” ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ืจืื” ื’ืื•ืช ื”' ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ึผื‘ึทืœ ื™ึดืจึฐืึถื” ื’ึผึตืื•ึผืช ื”'" (ืคืจืงื™ ื“ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ). 


ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื ืชืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ืฉื™ืฅ "ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฉื•, ื›ื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฉื• ื”ื™ื• ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื”-ื›ื—) 'ื›ื™ ืฆื™ื“ ื‘ืคื™ื•'. ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื• ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื›ื™ ืจืืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ืžื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื• ืœืœืงื˜ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”" (ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื“ื‘ืฉ ื—ืœืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ - ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื–).


ื•ึทื”ึฒืกึดืจึนืชึดื™ ื“ึธืžึธื™ื• ืžึดืคึผึดื™ื• ื•ึฐืฉืึดืงึผึปืฆึธื™ื• ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึดื ึผึธื™ื•


ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืจืช ื”ืจืฆื—ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื, ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ืžืจื. "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ืจ ื—ื ื™ื ื: ืžืื™ ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ึทื”ึฒืกึดืจึนืชึดึจื™ ื“ึธืžึธึœื™ื• ืžึดืคึผึดึ—ื™ื• ื•ึฐืฉืึดืงึผึปืฆึธื™ื•ึ™ ืžึดื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืŸ ืฉืึดื ึผึธึ”ื™ื• ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึทึฅืจ ื’ึผึทืึพื”ึ–ื•ึผื ืœึตึฝืืœึนื”ึตึ‘ื™ื ื•ึผ? ื•ึทื”ึฒืกึดืจึนืชึดึจื™ ื“ึธืžึธึœื™ื• ืžึดืคึผึดึ—ื™ื• - ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ (ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืจืฆื—ื ื•ืช), ื•ึฐืฉืึดืงึผึปืฆึธื™ื•ึ™ ืžึดื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืŸ ืฉืึดื ึผึธึ”ื™ื•, ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื’ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ (ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”), ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึทึฅืจ ื’ึผึทืึพื”ึ–ื•ึผื ืœึตึฝืืœึนื”ึตึ‘ื™ื ื•ึผ - ืืœื• ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื“ื•ื. ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื”ึ™ ื›ึผึฐืึทืœึผึปึฃืฃ ื‘ึผึดึฝื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐืขึถืงึฐืจึ–ื•ึนืŸ ื›ึผึดื™ื‘ื•ึผืกึดึฝื™ - ืืœื• ืชืจืื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืงืจืงืกื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื“ื•ื ืฉืขืชื™ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœืœืžื“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื" (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ืคืจืง ื˜. ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื• ืข"ื).


ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ืžืชื ืขืจืช ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืžื”ืจืฆื—ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื•ื•ืชื” ืื•ืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขื“ ื”ืฉื•ืื”, ืžืชื ืขืจืช ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืงืชื•ืœื™ืช, ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื ื”ืงื™ืžื• ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืงื•ืœื•ื ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืกื•ืจ ืžื”ืืœื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื” ืืœืคื™ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืžื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. "ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•ืข ื”ื ืฆืจื™ ื•ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉืžืขืืœื™ ืฉืขืžื“ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืืœื ืœื™ืฉืจ ื“ืจืš ืœืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”' ื‘ื™ื—ื“. ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื›ื™ ืื– ืื”ืคื•ืš ืืœ ืขืžื™ื ืฉืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ื”' ื•ืœืขื‘ื“ื• ืฉื›ื ืื—ื“". ื›ื™ืฆื“? ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชืžืœื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืคืฉื˜ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืื™ื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืจืœื™ ืœื‘, ื•ื”ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื•ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืืœื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื• ืืžืช ื”ื™ื• ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืืœื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ืŸ ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ื’ืœื” ื ืกืชืจื™ื”ื. ื•ื›ืฉื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืืžืช ื•ื™ืฆืœื™ื— ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื•ื™ื ืฉื ืžื™ื“ ื”ื ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืฉืงืจ ื ื—ืœื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืฉื ื‘ื™ืื™ื”ื ื•ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื˜ืขื•ื" (ืจืžื‘"ื ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืžืœื›ื™ื ืคืจืง ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ืฉืžื˜ ื”ืงื˜ืข ื”ื–ื” ืžื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื“ืคืกื• ืชื—ืช ื™ื“ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื).


ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืขื ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”ื ืงืžื” ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉ 'ื”ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“' -ื–ื• ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื, "ื•ื”ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“" - ื–ื• ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ืืชืžื”ื? ืืœื ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ื‘ืขืช ื“ืงื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืžื”) 'ืื ื›ื™ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืจืฅ, ื•ืื“ื ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืจืืชื™" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜ ื™ื’).


 


ืžื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื


ืžื•ืงืฆื” ื‘ื’ืฉื ื•ื‘ืฉืœื’


ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื ื“ ื ื™ื™ื“ื™


ื’ืฉื ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืงืฆื” ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•. ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš: "ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ืชืŸ ื›ืœื™ ืชื—ืช ื”ื“ืœืฃ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื ื ืชืžืœื ืฉื•ืคื›ื• ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื•; ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ื“ืœืฃ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืจื—ื™ืฆื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ - ืืกื•ืจ" (ืฉืœื— ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—).


ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ ืฆืžื— ื’ืื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื ื ื™ื ื’ื ืงื•ื“ื ื™ืจื™ื“ืชื. ื•ืœื›ืŸ "ืžื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืžืืชืžื•ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื‘ื™ื - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื”ื ื“ืืกื™ืงื ื (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื• ืข"ื) 'ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื ื“ ื ื™ื™ื“ื™' ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงืฆื”" (ื‘"ื™ ืขืœ ืื•"ื— ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™). ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” "ื“ืื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ ืฉื ืžื•ืงืฆื” ืื• ื ื•ืœื“, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืชื•ืชื• ืื• ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ืžืžื ื•. ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืจืง ืœืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืžื”" (ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืœื— ืก"ืง ืœ).


ืฉืœื’ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืงืฆื”


ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืฉืืœื” ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืจืกืง ืฉืœื’ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื• ืฉื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ื“ืฉ (ืฉื‘ืช ื ื, ื). ื•ื›ืš ืฆื™ื“ื“ ื”ื’ืจื™"ืฉ ืืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืงืฆื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ืชื” (ืคืจืง ื˜ื–, ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžื“) ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจืฉ"ื– ืื•ื™ืขืจื‘ืš.


ืื•ืœื, ื”ื’ืจ"ืž ืคื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื–ืžื ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื’ ืœืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืื‘ื™ื ืžื™ื ืžื”ื‘ืืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืฆืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื. ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืŸ ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืœื’ ื”ื™ื•ืจื“ ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืฉืœื’ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืงืฆื”, ื›ืฉื ืฉืื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืขืคืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื“ื™ื ื ื›ืžื•ืงืฆื” ืžื—ืžืช ื’ื•ืคื•.


ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืœื™ืช


ืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืžืช ืžื™ื ืืœื ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืžืขืœื™ื”


ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืžื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืงืฆื”, ืฆืจื™ืš ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœื”ืชืจื˜ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื’ืฉื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืจื˜ื‘. ืืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ืืžืช ืžื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš "ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืžืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืœื’ื• ื•ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืขืœื™ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืจื’ืœื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืขืงื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ื“ืœื’ ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืงื™ืคื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžืจื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืœื•ืš; ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื”, ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”" (ืฉื ืกืขื™ืฃ ื’).


ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ืืฃ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”


ืืžื ื ืื ืื“ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื• ืื "ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ืœื”ืงื‘ื™ืœ ืคื ื™ ืจื‘ื• ืื• ืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื—ื›ืžื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื™ื“ื• ืžืชื—ืช ืฉืคืช ื—ืœื•ืงื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”" (ืฉื ืก"ืข ื“). ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ื’ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืื•ืชื” ืืžืช ืžื™ื, ืฉืื ืœื ืชืชื™ืจ ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ - ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืœืš ื’ื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”. "ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ืืฃ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื”ื ืžื›ืฉื™ืœื• ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื" (ื”). ืืžื ื ืื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืจืฉื•ืช - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ืชื•, ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ืจืชื•. "ื”ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”" (ื•). "ื“ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžืžื•ื ื• ื ืžื™ ื”ื•ื™ ืงืฆืช ืžืฆื•ื”. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื™ืจื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื“ืื™ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš" (ืžืฉื "ื‘ ืฉื).


ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืขื•ืžืง. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืœื™ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืืœื ืื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืจื˜ื‘ื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืกืคื™ื’ื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื (ืฉื ืžื•) "ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืœืš ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืง ื•ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื, ืฉืžื ื™ืฉืจื• ื›ืœื™ื• ื•ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”".


ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื


ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ื ืจื˜ื‘ื• - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื


ืื“ื ืฉื“ืจืš ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื”ื’ืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื ืจื˜ื‘ื• ืžืื•ื“, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื•ื™ืจื“ื• ืขืœื™ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื ืกืคื’ื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžื™ื, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ื. "ืžื™ ืฉื ืฉืจื• ื›ืœื™ื• ื‘ืžื™ื, ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื”ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉืžื ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”" (ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžื”). ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ื—ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ืฉืœื• ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกื—ื™ื˜ื”, ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“, ื•ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื ื‘ืœืข ื‘ื‘ื’ื“.


ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ืฉื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ื ืจื˜ื‘ื• ืžืื“ ืžื”ื’ืฉื ืื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื•ื—ื˜ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื•ืคืก ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื•.


ืชืœื™ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ


ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืžืจืื™ืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ. "ื•ืœื ื™ืฉื˜ื—ื ืœื ื’ื‘ื, ืžืคื ื™ ืžืจืื™ืช ื”ืขื™ืŸ, ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืฉื“ื•ื”ื• ืฉื›ื‘ืกืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืจื•ืื™ื, ืืกื•ืจ".  (ืฉื•"ืข ืฉื ืžื”).


ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืชื•ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ืžืชืงืŸ ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืชืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืชืงืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืขื™ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื“'. ืฉื‘ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืจืื™ืช ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืชื•ืœื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ืœื™ื™ื‘ืฉื•.


ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉืจื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื ื’ื‘ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืฉ


ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื˜ื‘ื• ืœื™ื“ ื”ืืฉ. ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš "ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉืจื•ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื ื’ื‘ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœืืฉ" (ืฉื ืžื•) ืฉืžื ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืชื‘ืฉืœื• ื•ื™ืชื—ืžืžื•. ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื“ ืกื•ืœื“ืช ื‘ื• - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชื—ืžื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืืฉ (ืžื’"ื ื›ื”"ื— ืฉื ืก"ืง ืจืกื’). ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื“ ืกื•ืœื“ืช ื‘ื•, ืืกื•ืจ.


ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื”?


"ืœื ื™ืœื‘ืฉ" - ื’ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื


ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš (ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืคื‘ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”) ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ "ืœื ื™ืœื‘ืฉ" ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื•ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ. "ืœื ืชืขื“ื” ืืฉื” ืขื“ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื” ืžืฆื ืคืช ืื• ื›ื•ื‘ืข ืื• ืชืœื‘ืฉ ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื• (ืžืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื), ืื• ืฉืชื’ืœื— ืจืืฉื” ื›ืื™ืฉ. ื•ืœื ื™ืขื“ื” ืื™ืฉ ืขื“ื™ ืืฉื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื‘ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ืœื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื”ื›ืœื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ืœื™ ืืœื ื ืฉื™ื".


ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืž"ื ื‘ืฉื ื”"ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ" ืฉื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืœื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืืฉื”. "ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืืกื•ืจ, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ืื• ืืฉื”".


ืœื‘ื™ืฉื” ืืจืขื™ืช


ืืžื ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื™ืฉื” ืืจืขื™ืช ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ -ืžื•ืชืจ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– (ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืคื‘ ืก"ืง ื“) "ืœื ืชืขื“ื” ืืฉื”. ืžืฉืžืข ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื“ื•ื™ ื•ืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ ืืกื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืžื” ืื• ืฆื™ื ื” ืื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื - ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ. ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜".


ื•ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ "ื•ื›ื™ ืžื” ื‘ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ืชืœื‘ืฉ ืืฉื” ื›ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื ื™ืชื›ืกื” ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืŸ? ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืชื•ืขื‘ื”' ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืขื‘ื”. ื–ื”ื• ื›ืœืœื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ืชืœื‘ืฉ ืืฉื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื•ื‘ืฉ ื•ืชืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ืœื ื™ืชืงืฉื˜ ื‘ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืœืš ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉื™ื". (ืชืฆื ืคื™ืกืงื ืจื›ื•).


ืื—ืจ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื˜"ื– ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื— ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืžื™ื•. "ื•ืžื•ืจื™ ื—ืžื™ ื–"ืœ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืจืื™ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืจ"ื ืžืžื™ืฅ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžื—ืช ื—ืชืŸ ืื• ื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžืข ืœืืกื•ืจ ืชื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื•ืช ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืžื–ื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ืจ ืื™ืฉ ืื• ืืฉื”".


ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืืจืขื™ืช


ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื™ื“) ื›ืชื‘ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื™ืฉืช ื‘ื’ื“ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืจืขื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื™ืจ ืœืื™ืฉื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืจืขื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืš. ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื” ื—ื•ืชื. ื•ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ืชื.


ื•ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืืฉืชื• ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื” ื—ื•ืชื ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื” ืœืงื•ืคืกื” ื•ืžื ื™ื—ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื” ืขื“ ืฉืžื’ืขืช ืœืงื•ืคืกื” ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืืฉื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื” ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ื—ื•ืชื ืœื”ื•ืœื™ื›ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืื•ืžืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืขื“ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืžืŸ". ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืขื ื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื›ืฉื”ื‘ืขืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื” ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืงื•ืคืกื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืื ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื™ืขื ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช - ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื•ืžื•ืชืจ. ืื‘ืœ ืœืื™ืฉื” ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื•ืื ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช - ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช.


ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืžื“ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ืฉืื™ืฉื” ืฉืขื•ื ื“ืช ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจ - ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ "ืœื ื™ืœื‘ืฉ" ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืืจืขื™. "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืงืฉื•ื˜". ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื”ื‘"ื— ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืœื ื“ื•ืงื ื›ืฉืœื•ื‘ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื ื•ื™ ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื•ื™ ื•ืœืงืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื™ืฉืชื ืื™ืกื•ืจ (ื‘"ื— ื™ื•"ื“ ืงืคื‘). ื•ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ื”ื ื” ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ื™ืฉ ืœืคืงืคืง ืœืืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ื‘ืฉื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื, ืž"ืž ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื•ื›ื— ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืžืจืื” ื•ืฉืขืจ ืขืจื•ื” ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืœื ืื ืžืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืงืฉื•ื˜ ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื ืชื• ื›ืœืœ ืœืงืฉื•ื˜ - ืฉืจื™".


ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ืจ ืœืงื—ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ืžื ื™, ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฉื•ื˜ ืืœื ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืžื”ื’ืฉื. ืื‘ืœ ืœืขื˜ื•ืช ืžืกื™ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ื“ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ ืืกื•ืจ. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื‘"ื— ืžื•ืชืจ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืงืฉื˜ ื‘ื–ื” ืืœื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื ื”.


ื“ื™ืŸ ืื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื


ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ


ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ื™ืกื” ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื” ืฉื ืžืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืžืจืื™ืช ืขื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืชื•ืœื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ืื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืจื“ืช ื’ืฉื ืขืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืกื” ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืœ - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ืกื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ, ืฉื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืื“ื ืžืชื›ืกื” ื‘ื”. ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื›ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืชื›ืกื” ื‘ื” ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• ืื•ื”ืœ.


ื’ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื’ืœื”


ืขื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื’ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืžืชื— ื•ืžืชืงืคืœ - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœืคืจื•ืก ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืกื’ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืื”ื™ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื˜ืคื—. ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ืœ ืืจืขื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืคืจื•ืก ื˜ืคื— ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœื™ื•. ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื˜ื• ื‘) "ืขืฆื™ื ืฉืชื•ืงืขื™ืŸ ืจืืฉืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ ื‘ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ื•ื›ื•ืคืคื™ืŸ ืจืืฉืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื”, ื•ืคื•ืจืกื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฆืœืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฆืœ, ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ืŸ ื˜ืคื—, ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ืŸ ื˜ืคื— ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื’' ื˜ืคื—ื™ื - ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืื•ื”ืœ ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืคืจื•ืก ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื—ืฆืœืช, ื“ื”ื•ื™ ืœื™ื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืื”ืœ ืขืจืื™ ื•ืฉืจื™; ื•ืžื˜ืขื ื–ื” ืžื—ืฆืœืช ืคืจื•ืกื” ื›ื“ื™ ื˜ืคื—, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืคืจื•ืก ืฉืืจ ื”ืžื—ืฆืœืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื˜ืคื— ืฉืืžืจื•, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื”". ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื’ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืขื’ืœื” - ืืกื•ืจ.


ื›ื•ื‘ืข ืฉืจื—ื‘ ื˜ืคื—


ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืขื ื›ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืžื˜ืคื—. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืžื” ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ืฉื•"ืข ืคืกืง ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื. "ื•ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืฉืช ื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ ืื™ื“ื™: ื”ืื™ ืกื™ืื ื (ื›ื•ื‘ืข) ืฉืจื™. ื•ื”ืื™ืชืžืจ: ืกื™ืื ื ืืกื•ืจ! - ืœื ืงืฉื™ื, ื”ื - ื“ืื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื˜ืคื—, ื”ื - ื“ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื” ื˜ืคื—. (ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ ื”ื›ื•ื‘ืข ื˜ืคื— - ืืกื•ืจ. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ - ืžื•ืชืจ) ืืœื ืžืขืชื”, ืฉืจื‘ื™ื‘ ื‘ื’ืœื™ืžื ื˜ืคื— ื”ื›ื™ ื ืžื™ ื“ืžื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘? ืืœื ืœื ืงืฉื™ื, ื”ื - ื“ืžื™ื”ื“ืง, ื”ื - ื“ืœื ืžื™ื”ื“ืง". ืžืงืฉื” ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืื ื›ืŸ, ื’ื ื˜ืœื™ืช ืฉื ืคืจืกืช ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ืคื— ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื‘ืคืจื™ืกื” ืฉืœื”? ื•ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ื•ื ื’ืžื™ืฉ ื•ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื›ืื•ื”ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื™ื— (ืฉื‘ืช ืงืœื— ืข"ื‘).


ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืž) ืคืกืง ืœืื™ืกื•ืจ "ื›ื•ื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžืจืืฉื• ื˜ืคื—, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื• ื‘ืจืืฉื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืื”ืœ". ื•ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื”ืชืคืœื ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื›ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื˜ืคื—. ื•ืขื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื›ื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืคืกืง ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื ืคืกืงื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื•ืœื ื”ืจืž"ื. ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ "ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข [ืฉื”ื™ื ืข"ืค ื“ืขืช ื”ืจ"ื— ื•ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืขืจื•ืš ื•ื”ืจ"ืช ื•ื”ืจื”"ืž] ืฉืœื ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงืืคืขืœื•"ืฉ ืจื—ื‘ ื›ื–ื” ื•ื’ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืื•ืกืจ ื‘ืงืืคืœื•"ืฉ".


ื‘ืจื›ืช ืจืขืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืงื™ื


ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื ืชืคื–ืจื• ื”ืขื‘ื™ื


ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš (ืจื›ื–) ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจืงื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจืขืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื–ืขืฃ, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื•, ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ื"ื™ ืืž"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช; ื•ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื™ืืžืจ: ื‘ื"ื™ ืืž"ื” ืฉื›ื—ื• ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืžืœื ืขื•ืœื". ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ืคืขื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชืคื–ืจื• ื”ืขื ื ื™ื. "ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื ืชืคื–ืจื• ื”ืขื‘ื™ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืช; ื ืชืคื–ืจื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืง ืœื‘ืจืง ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขื ืœืจืขื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš".


ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™


ื‘ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื—ื™ (ืคืจืฉืช ืขืงื‘ ื˜ื–) ื›ืชื‘ "ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจืงื™ื ืžื‘ืจืš, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจืขืžื™ื ืžื‘ืจืš, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืžืœื ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ืืš ืคื” ืขื™ืจื ื•, ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื™ ื™ื“ื™ื“ื ื• ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžื”ืจ"ื ืžื ื™ ื ืจ"ื•, ื“ื’ื ื‘ืขื”"ืง ืชื•ื‘"ื‘ ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช". ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืจืขื ื•ื‘ื‘ืจืง ืื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžื™ื ืื• ืžืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ. ื•ืื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ื - ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช.


ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื ื˜ื”ืจื•, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ


ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” "ื•ื“ื•ืงื ื”ื™ื›ื ื“ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื ื˜ื”ืจื• ื•ื–ื›ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืง ืœื‘ืจืง ื•ืื—"ื› ื ืชืงื“ืจื• ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉืžืข ืขื•ื“ ืงื•ืœ ืจืขื ื•ื‘ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ื”ื•ื™ ืžืœืชื ื—ื“ืชื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื ืฉื ืชืคื–ืจื• ื”ืขื‘ื™ื ืข"ื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื ื” ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ื ืŸ ื”ืจืงื™ืข - ืื– ื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ื›ืœ ืข"ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื•ื ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš". 


ื‘ืจื›ื” ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ


ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืจืขื ืื• ืœื‘ืจืง. ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉื•"ืข "ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกื ื•ืฉืžืข ืงื•ืœ ืจืขื ืื• ืจืื” ื‘ืจืง, ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื‘ื•ืจ, ื™ืฆื; ื•ืื ืœืื•, ืœื ื™ืฆื". ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื›ื– ืก"ืง ื™ื‘) "ื•ืžื›ืœ ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื“ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืขืœ ืจืขืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืจืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืื ืขื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื“ื™ ื“ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขืช ืฉืจืื” ื”ื‘ืจืง ืื• ืฉืžืข ื”ืจืขื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืจืขื ื•ื‘ืจืง ื–ื”".


ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ืฉื ืฉื“ื•ืœืฃ


ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื


ื‘ื’ืž' ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื (ืงื™ื– ืข"ื) ืžื•ื‘ื: "ื”ื ื”ื• ื‘ื™ ืชืจื™ ื“ื”ื•ื• ื“ื™ื™ืจื™, ื—ื“ ืขื™ืœืื™ ื•ื—ื“ ืชืชืื™. ืื™ืคื—ื™ืช ืžืขื–ื™ื‘ื”. ื›ื™ ืžืฉื™ ืžื™ื ืขื™ืœืื™ - ืื–ืœื™ ื•ืžื–ืงื™ ืœืชืชืื™". ืื“ื ืฉื’ืจ ืžืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื• ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื ืฉืคื›ื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืฆืคื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจื•, ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืฆืคื”? "ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ืืžืจ: ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชืงืŸ, ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืืžืจ: ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืžืชืงืŸ".


ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื ืคืกืง: "ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื•ืžื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžืขื–ื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืฉืฉื•ืคืš ืžื™ืžื™ื• ืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืœืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื•ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื• - ื—ื™ื™ื‘ (ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ) ืœืกืœืง ื”ื™ื–ืงื•. ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืขื–ื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื ื‘ืœืขื™ื ื‘ื” ื•ืื™ื ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“, ืืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืืŸ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื•ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืกืœืง ื”ื–ื™ืงื•" (ืฉื•"ืข ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงื ื”, ื“).


ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจื›ื•


ื‘ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชืงื™ื–) ื›ืชื‘ "ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืžื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื™ื‘ืื• ืžืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ. ื•ื’ื ืœื ื ื™ื—ื ืœื™ื” ืœื–ื” ืฉื™ืจื“ื• ืฉื, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื’ื™ืจื™ื” ื›ืœืœ. ื•ืœื ื“ืžื™ ืœืื‘ื ื• ื•ืกื›ื™ื ื•, ืฉื”ื ื™ื—ืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื’ื’ื• ื•ื ืคืœื• ื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื•ื”ื–ื™ืงื• ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืœื (ื‘"ืง ื’':). ื“ื”ืชื ืžืžื•ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื–ื™ืง ื•ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขืชื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืฆื•ื™ื” ื™ืœื›ื• ื•ื™ื–ื™ืงื•. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืžื•ื ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื•ื’ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขื•ืชื• ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืœื ื’ื™ืจื™ ื•ืœื ื’ืจืžื ื“ื’ื™ืจื™". ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื ืขืœ ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉืขืฉื• ืžื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื“ืจื›ื•.  ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืง ื”ืจืž"ื "ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื™ ืชืฉืžื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืฉื•ืคืš ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืจื“ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ืœืžื˜ื”, ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ื–ืง ืœืชืงืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื–ืง".


ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืขื–ื™ื‘ื”


ื•ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื—ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืจืฆืคื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื. "ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืงืจื”, ื•ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืขื–ื™ื‘ื”" (ื‘"ืž ืงื˜ื–: ืจืž"ื ืงืกื“ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘"ื— (ืงื ื” ื–): "ื•ืžื™ื™ืจื™ (ื”ืจื™ื‘"ืฉ) ื‘ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืœืฉื ืฉืœื ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื’ืฉื ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืฉืข ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงืŸ ื”ื’ื’ ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืชืงืŸ" (ืฉื•"ืช ืจืฉื‘"ื ื‘ ืงืฆื˜).


ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ื•ื™ืงื•ื™ื ื‘ื ื• "ื’ึถึผืฉึถืื ื ึฐื“ึธื‘ื•ึนืช ืชึธึผื ึดื™ืฃ ืึฑืœึนืงึดื™ื ื ึทื—ึฒืœึธืชึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐื ึดืœึฐืึธื” ืึทืชึธึผื” ื›ื•ึนื ึทื ึฐืชึธึผื”ึผ" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืกื—, ื™). ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.


 


ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื


ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืขื˜ื ื–


ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื“ื•ื“, ืจื‘ ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืฉื”ื” ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื™ื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืงืฉื”. ื”ื ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœืจื‘ ืžืขื™ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœื•. ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื ืขื–, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื™ื‘ืฉ ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื–ื” ืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืื—ืจื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืข ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื“ ืœืฉื“ ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื•.


ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื—ื™ื”, ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื‘ืงื ื“ื” ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ืช: ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื ื–ืœืขืคื•ืช, ื•ื”ืžืจื—ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืขื™ืœ, ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื—ืฉืฉ ืžืฉืขื˜ื ื–.


ื”ืจื‘ ืจืื” ืฉื“ืื’ืชื™ ืœื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืœื ืœื“ืื•ื’. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ื‘ืฉ. ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžื’ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืฃ. ื ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื, ืืš ื’ื ื”ืŸ ื ื•ืชืจื• ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช.


ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื•: ืื™ืคื” ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช?


ื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืš: ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช, ื•ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืœื—ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ืืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืงื•ืœ. ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืฉืืœืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.


 


ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื™ ืœื ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื?


ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื”ืจืจื™: ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื—ื•ืจืคื™ ื•ืกื•ืขืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื™ืฆื ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœ"ืฉืœื•ื ื–ื›ืจ" ืืฆืœ ืื—ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช-ืžืฉื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ.


ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื’ืฉื•ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื, ืคืจื˜ ืœืฉืขื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘. ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื”ื’ืฉื ื”ืคืกื™ืง. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื ื” โ€“ ื”ื’ืฉื ื”ืกื•ืขืจ ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ.


ื›ืฉื™ืฆืื ื• ืžื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืจืื™ื ื•, ื›ืฆืคื•ื™, ืฉื”ื’ืฉื ืคื•ืกืง. ืœื ื”ืชืืคืงืชื™ ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืจื‘: "ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœื™ืš, ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื”ื’ืฉื ืคื•ืกืง, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช โ€“  ื”ื’ืฉื ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ". ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื–ื“ืขื–ืข. ืžื™ื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ: "ืžื” ืคืชืื•ื? ื‘ื’ืœืœื™ ื”ื’ืฉื ืคื•ืกืง? ืื ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื™, ืื ื™ ื’ื•ื–ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื™ืจื“ ื’ืฉื".


ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืงืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืœื. ื’ืฉื ื–ืœืขืคื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ืจืื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ืœ ืœืจื“ืช. ื”ืจื‘, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœืœื ืžืขื™ืœ, ื ืจื˜ื‘ ื›ื•ืœื• ืขื“ ืœืฉื“ ืขืฆืžื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืฆื˜ืขืจืชื™ ืฉื’ืจืžืชื™ ืœืฆื“ื™ืง ืฆืขืจ. ื’ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื ืจื˜ื‘ ื‘ื’ืœืœื™, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื’ื™ืœืชื™ ืืช ืกื•ื“ื•.


 


 


ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”


ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืงื•ืฉื™ ืžืกื•ื™ื.  ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื“ืœืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืฉืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื™, ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื›ืขืก ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ ืฆืขืจ ื•ืงื•ืฉื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืขืก ื”ื–ื”?



ืืช ืฆื•ื“ืงืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื ื•. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ื‘ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ืžื• ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืœื‘, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.


ืงืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืœื‘. ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืจืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืžืชื—ืœืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ืงืœ ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื.


ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื ื• ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฆื•ื“ืง, ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืฆื•ื“ืง. ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจื—ื‘ ืžื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื ื•.


ืžื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžื” ืฉืืช ืงื•ืจืืช "ื›ืขืก". ื•ืื ืชืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ ืชืจืื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื’ื ืชื•ืงืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš. ืืช ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืขื ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉืœืš. ื”ื•ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชืš ื•ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•, ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืžืš.


ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœืš ื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื•, ืœื ืœื›ืขื•ืก ืืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื•ื›ืš ืœืขืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.


 


 


ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื ืœืฉืžื”. ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ืชื•ืจื ื™ืช ืชืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื” ,ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงืฉืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ? ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”'.


 


ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืœืฆืขืจื™, ืจืื™ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืžืขืžื“ ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืžื” ื”ืื‘ื ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืชืคื™ืœื” ื›ืฉื”ืื™ืžื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ื™ืœืš, ื•ืœืžื” ืœื‘ืจืš ื›ืฉื”ืื‘ื ืœื ืžื‘ืจืš.


ื•ื”ื‘ืขืœ, ื’ื ืื ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ืื—"ื› ืงืฉื” ืœื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืืฉืชื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจื™ื. ืงืฉื” ืœืื™ืฉื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืฉื”ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืฉื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ืื• ืœืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ืื• ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื“ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื”. ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”. ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงืฉื” ื›ืขืช, ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื’ืจืจ ืœืชื”ื•ื ืขืžื•ืงื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื•ืง - ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื™ืœืš ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ืžืื™ืจ ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžืžืžื ื• ื‘ืื” ืืฉืชื•. ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื” ื•ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื“ืชื™ื™ื.


 




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ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

ืจื‘ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ.
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื˜ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il