ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื•ื™ืงืจื
  • ืืžื•ืจ
undefined
16 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 61 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”

ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”



ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”



ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื” (ืฉื‘ืช ืœื’ ืข"ื‘) ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืขืœ ื™ื•ื "ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”". ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ืืช ื ืžืฆืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉ"ืก, ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื‘ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™, ืืœื ืขืœ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื˜ืื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ืขึถืฉื‚ึถืจ ืžึทืกึผึธืขื•ึนืช ื ึธืกึฐืขึธื” ืฉืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึธื”". ืžืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื, ืžื”ื”ืจื™ื ืœืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžืฉื ืขื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžื™ื. ื•ื–ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืžืชืจื—ืงืช ืžืื™ืชื ื•. ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžืกืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื’ึผึธืœึฐืชึธื” ืกึทื ึฐื”ึถื“ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืขืฉืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช "ืžืœึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึทื— ื”ึทื’ึผึธื–ึดื™ืช ืœึทื—ึฒื ึปื™ึผื•ึนืช, ื•ึผืžึตื—ึฒื ึปื™ึผื•ึนืช ืœึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทื, ื•ึผืžึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทื ืœึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื” (ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™), ื•ึผืžึดื™ึผึทื‘ึฐื ึถื” ืœึฐืื•ึผืฉืึธื, ื•ึผืžึตืื•ึผืฉืึธื ืœึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื” (ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื), ื•ึผืžึดื™ึผึทื‘ึฐื ึถื” ืœึฐืื•ึผืฉืึธื (ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžื“), ื•ึผืžึตืื•ึผืฉืึธื ืœึดืฉืึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึธื, ื•ึผืžึดืฉึผืึฐืคึทืจึฐืขึธื ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ืฉืึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื, ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืฉืึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ืœึฐืฆึดืคึผื•ึนืจึดื™, ื•ึผืžึดืฆึผึดืคึผื•ึนืจึดื™ ืœึดื˜ึฐื‘ึถืจึฐื™ึธื (ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ืœื ืข"ื).


ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืกื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ื›ื™ ื˜ึฐื‘ึถืจึฐื™ึธื ืขึฒืžื•ึผืงึธื” ืžึดื›ึผึปืœึผึธืŸ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ, (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›ื˜) "ื•ึฐืฉืึธืคึทืœึฐืชึผึฐ ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืชึผึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึตืจึดื™, ื•ึผืžึตืขึธืคึธืจ ืชึผึดืฉึผืึทื— ืึดืžึฐืจึธืชึตืšึฐ" ื•ืžืฉื ื”ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœืฆืžื•ื— ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืžื”. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืžื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืช ืœื™ื“ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” "ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”" ืžึตืื•ึผืฉืึธื ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžื™ืชืช 24 ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื, ื—ื˜ื ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื• ื™ืจื“ื” ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื•ื™ืจื“ ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื‘ื ื” ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื



ื‘ื“ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืฃ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื’ ืข"ื) ื›ืชื‘ื• ื›ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื›ืจื ื‘ื™ื‘ื ื”" ืชืฉืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉ"ืก (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื’ ืข"ื‘, ืฉื‘ืช ืœื’ ืข"ื‘, ืงืœื— ืข"ื‘, ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืžื‘ ืข"ื‘, ืขื” ืข"ื, ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื˜ ืข"ื, ื‘"ื‘ ืงืœื ืข"ื‘, ืขื“ื™ื•ืช ืค"ื‘ ืž"ื“ ื•ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื– ืข"ื). ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื) ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ืจื. ื•ืœืžื” ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืชื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘?


ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื™ื‘ื ื” ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืขื™ื’ื•ืœ, ืžืขื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจืŸ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื• ืข"ื‘) ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื“ื•ื ื• ื•ื™ืฉืžืขื• ื•ื™ืจืื• ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื”. ืฉืคื ื™ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื™ืฉ ืืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื›ืžื• ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื. ืžื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจื•ืช, ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื. ื›ืฉื—ืกืจ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืœื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื›ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืœื– ืข"ื).


ื›ืฉื’ืœืชื” ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืœื™ื‘ื ื” ืงื‘ืข ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™ ืฉื™ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ืจื, ื•ืœื ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืช, ืฉื ื“ืข ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ื™ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืช. ื‘ื™ื‘ื ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืช. ื•ืื ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ืœืฉื, ื ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš. ืืžืŸ (ืžืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ื™ืช ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื” ื˜"ื• ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืืœ ืจื•ื–ื ื˜ืœ). 


ืžึทื›ึผึธื” ื–ื•ึน - ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืžึทื” ืžึทืชึฐื—ึถืœึถืช ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืžึตืขึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนืžึถืจึถืช ื‘ึผึทืคึผึถื”?



ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” "ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”". ืื—ืช ืžื”ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื”. ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื: "ืชึผึธื ืฉืึฐืžึทืข, ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”, ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ. ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืœึธื” ืฉืึฐืึตืœึธื” ื–ื•ึน ื‘ึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื, ืžึทื›ึผึธื” ื–ื•ึน - ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืžึทื” ืžึทืชึฐื—ึถืœึถืช ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ืžึตืขึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนืžึถืจึถืช ื‘ึผึทืคึผึถื”?" (ืฉื‘ืช ืœื’).


ื”ืžื›ื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืคืช ื”ืืกื›ืจื”. ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ื‘ืฉื. ื›ืœ 24 ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืžืชื• ืžื”ืžื—ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช. "ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ ื—ึธืžึธื ื‘ึผึทืจ ืึทื‘ึผึธื, ื•ึฐืึดื™ืชึตื™ืžึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึดื™ึผึธื ื‘ึผึทืจ ืึทื‘ึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึฐื›ึปืœึผึธื ืžึตืชื•ึผ ืžึดื™ืชึธื” ืจึธืขึธื”. ืžึทืื™ ื”ึดื™ื? ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ ื ึทื—ึฐืžึธืŸ, ืึทืกึฐื›ึผึธืจึธื”" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื‘ ืข"ื‘). ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืžื™ืชื” ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ื—ื˜ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžืื•ืฉื ืœื™ื‘ื ื”, ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื” (ืงืจืืชื™ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืฉื™ืœืช ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื).


ืึธืกึฐื›ึผึฐืจึธื” - ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืกึผึธื›ึตืจ ืคึผึดื™ ื“ึผื•ึนื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ



"ื ึทืขึฒื ึธื” ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื‘ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึดืœึธืขึดืื™ - ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืžึผึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื, ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจ, ืึทืฃ ืขึทืœ ืคึผึดื™ ืฉืึถื›ึผึฐืœึธื™ื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนืขึฒืฆื•ึนืช, ื•ึฐืœึตื‘ ืžึตื‘ึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึฐืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืžึฐื—ึทืชึผึตืšึฐ - ืคึผึถื” ื’ึผื•ึนืžึตืจ". ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื›ื™ ืืกื›ืจื” ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข. "ืกึดื™ืžึธืŸ ืœึฐืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืจึธืข โ€“ ืึธืกึฐื›ึผึฐืจึธื”". ื•ืžื ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื–ืืช? ืžื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ื›ื‘ื• ืืช ื‘ื•ืื”. "ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึธื‘ึธื, ื•ึฐืึดื™ ืชึผึตื™ืžึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึถืŸ ืœึตื•ึดื™, ืžึทืื™ ืงึฐืจึธื? (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืกื’) 'ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึทื— ื‘ึผึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื, ื™ึดืชึฐื”ึทืœึผึตืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธืข ื‘ึผื•ึน, ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืกึผึธื›ึตืจ ืคึผึดื™ ื“ึผื•ึนื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ'". ืื™ืš ืกื•ื›ืจื™ื ืคื” ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืงืจ ืฉืžืขืจืขืจ ืขืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“? ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืกื›ืจื”.


ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื ื‘ืข ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืฉืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ืฉื—ืœืงื ื”ื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ืื—ื™ืชื•ืคืœ ื•ื“ื•ืื’ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื. ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื•ื›ื ืขื• ื”ืคืœื™ืฉืชื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืชื ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื”ืคืœื™ืฉืชื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืœื ืฉืœื˜ื• ื”ืคืœื™ืฉืชื™ื ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื• ืœื”ื ืื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช. ืžื™ ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื•ื“ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื•ืขืฆืจ ืืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“, ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื•ื”ื ื”ื–ื™ืงื• ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžืชืคืœืœ ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืื•ืžืจ "ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึถืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืžึทื— ื‘ึผึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื, ื™ึดืชึฐื”ึทืœึผึตืœ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื ึผึดืฉืึฐื‘ึผึธืข ื‘ึผื•ึน, ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืกึผึธื›ึตืจ ืคึผึดื™ ื“ึผื•ึนื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืฉืึธืงึถืจ".


ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื˜ื 24 ืืœืฃ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื. ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจ, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื ื•ืจื. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื ืžืขืจืขืจื™ื ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืจื•ืžืื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื–ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื•ืœืฆืœื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืขืฅ ืจืขื ืŸ. ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื“ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ืžืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืชื™ืงื ื• ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื”ืื‘ืœื•ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืืžืฅ ืฉืœื ืœืชืช ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš.


ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื” - ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืืกื›ืจื”



ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืืกื›ืจื” ื•ืกื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ืžื•ื‘ื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉืฉื”ื” ื‘ืžืขืจื” 13 ืฉื ื”, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื’ืจื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคื•ื—ื— ื—ืœื™ืœื”. ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ื“ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื ืš ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืจื•ืžื ืœืขื•ืœื.


ืื“ื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื“ ืฉืจื‘ื ื• ืชื ื‘ืชื•ืก' ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื˜ ืข"ื) ืฉืžืกืคืจืช "ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึฒื•ื•ึน ืžึดืคึผึทื˜ึฐืจึดื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื’ึผึตืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื—ึฒืœึทืคึฐืชึผึธื ืžึตืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืœึดื‘ึฐืจึตื”ึผ ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึทืœึผึธืœื•ึผ ืึทื ึฐืฉืึตื™ ืฆื•ึผืจึธื” ื”ึตื ื–ึดื™ืœ ื’ึผึทื‘ึผึทื™ึฐื”ื•ึผ ื“ึผึฐืœึดื™ื‘ึธืจึฐื›ื•ึผืšึธ". ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื• ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ ืฉื™ืœืš ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื•ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื”. ื•ืžื™ื”ื? ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœืคืชื.


ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืœืš ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ืจื’ ืืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ืื•ืžืจ ืชื•ืก' ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœืจื•ืžืื™ื ืืœื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื•, ื•ื”ืชื’ืœื’ืœื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืจื•ืžืื™ื. ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืขืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ืฉืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกื›ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ื–ื”ืจ ื‘"ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืœืจืขืš ื›ืžื•ืš". ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื• ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื•ืช.


ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื”ืจืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื˜ื‘ืจื™ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ืจ ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื˜ื•ื”ืจ. ื”ืกื‘ื ื”ื–ื” ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื˜ื™ื”ืจ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ื˜ืžื: "ืึธืžึทืจ ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืกึธื‘ึธื, ื˜ึดื™ื”ึตืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™ ื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทืงึผึฐื‘ึธืจื•ึนืช". ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ื•ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• "ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึตื™ื”ึผ, ืึดืœึฐืžึทืœึตื™ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ, ื•ึทืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ื”ึธื™ึดื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึนื ื•ึฐื ึดืžึฐื ึตื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ - ื™ึธืคึถื” ืึทืชึผึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืขึทื›ึฐืฉืึธื™ื• ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึดื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื ึดืžึฐื ึตื™ืชึธ ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ, ื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ, ื–ื•ึนื ื•ึนืช ืžึฐืคึทืจึฐื›ึผึฐืกื•ึนืช ื–ื•ึน ืึถืช ื–ื•ึน, ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ืœึนื ื›ึผึธึนืœ ืฉืึถื›ึผึตืŸ?! ื™ึฐื”ึทื‘ ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึฐื ึธื— ื ึทืคึฐืฉืึตื™ื”ึผ". ื›ื•ืื‘ ืœืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืžื™ืชืช ื›"ื“ ืืœืฃ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช. ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•.


ืึฒื ึทืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทื‘ึดื™ื‘ื•ึผืชึธื ืชึผึทืœึฐื™ึธื ืžึดืœึผึฐืชึธื



ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืฉื‘ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื. "ืชึผึทื ึฐื™ึธื ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ื–ึดืžึฐื ึธื ื—ึฒื“ึธื, ื”ึฒื•ึธื” ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึธื ืขึทืœึฐืžึผึธื ืœึฐืžึดื˜ึฐืจึธื, ืึธืชื•ึผ ืœึฐืงึธืžึตื™ื”ึผ ื“ึผึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ" ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืคืชื— ื•ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืฉืึดื™ืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึทื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืœื’) ื•ืฉืืœ "ืžึทืื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“"?


ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืืœ ืื—ื™ื• ื›ืžื• ื”ื›ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื "ื•ึผืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืึธื—ึดื™ื•, ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทืขึฒืชึธื ื“ึผึทื”ึฒื•ื•ึน ื—ึทื“ ื‘ึผึฐื—ึทื“ ืžึทืฉืึฐื’ึผึดื™ื—ึดื™ืŸ ืึทื ึฐืคึผึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื ึฐืคึผึดื™ืŸ, ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘, ืžึทื” ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึธืขึดื™ื". ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ื—"ื• ื‘ื›ืขืก "ื•ึทื•ื™ ืœึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึธื. ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™ื’) ื•ึฐื™ึตืฉื ื ึดืกึฐืคึผึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜". ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืืœ ืชื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื•ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ื "ื›ึผึฐืึธื”ึณืœึตื™ ืงึตื“ึธืจ, ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืงึฐื˜ื•ึนืจึธื” ื“ึผึฐืึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึฐืจื•ึผ ืึทื ึฐืคึผึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ ืชึผึฐื“ึดื™ืจึธื". ืืœื ืชืื™ืจื• ืคื ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.


ื›ื™ "ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึทืขึฒืชึธื ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื ึผื•ึผืŸ ื™ึทืชึฐื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึทื—ึฒื“ึธื, ื•ึฐืœึธื ืžึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึฐืฉืึธืŸ ื“ึผึธื ืžึดืŸ ื“ึผึธื". ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืžื” ื ืื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื• ืœื ืขืฉื• ืืœื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืื—ื•ื•ื” ืขื ืงื™ืช. "ืœึฐื‘ึธืชึทืจ, ืึดืชึฐื”ึฒื“ึธืจื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดืจึฐื—ึดื™ืžื•ึผืชึธื ื“ึผึฐืึทื—ึฐื•ึธื”". ื•ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืžึทื”ื•ึผ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, "ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืžึทื” ื˜ึผื•ึนื‘ ื•ึผืžึทื” ื ึธืขึดื™ื ืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ืึทื—ึดื™ื ื’ึผึทื ื™ึธื—ึทื“" ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื’ื ื‘ืื” ืœืœืžื“ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื "ื’ึผึทื, ืœึฐืึทื›ึฐืœึฐืœึธื ืขึดืžึผึฐื”ื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึฐื›ึดื™ื ึฐืชึผึธื. ื•ึฐืœึนื ืขื•ึนื“, ืึถืœึผึธื ืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืึธืฆึดื™ืช ืœึฐืžึดืœึผื•ึผืœึทื™ึฐื™ื”ื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื ึดื™ื—ึธื ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื•ึฐื—ึทื“ึผึตื™ ื‘ึผึฐื”ื•ึผ. ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื’) ืึธื– ื ึดื“ึฐื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื™ึดืจึฐืึตื™ ื”' ืึดื™ืฉื ืึถืœ ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึทื™ึผึทืงึฐืฉืึตื‘ ื”' ื•ึทื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืžึธืข ื•ึทื™ึผึดื›ึผึธืชึตื‘ ืกึตืคึถืจ ื–ึดื›ึผึธืจื•ึนืŸ ืœึฐืคึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื’ื•ึน'". ื›ืฉื”' ืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ืื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื, ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“ ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืชืคื™ืœืชื ื•ืœืชื•ืจืชื ื•ืฉืžื— ื‘ื”ื.


ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืจืฉื‘"ื™ "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผื•ึผืŸ ื—ึทื‘ึฐืจึทื™ึผึธื™ื ื“ึผึฐื”ึธื›ึธื, ื›ึผึฐืžึธื” ื“ึผึทื”ึฒื•ึดื™ืชื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึทื—ึฒื‘ึดื™ื‘ื•ึผืชึธื ื‘ึผึดืจึฐื—ึดื™ืžื•ึผืชึธื, ืžึดืงึผึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ื“ึผึฐื ึธื, ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ื ึธืžึตื™, ืžึดื›ึผึธืืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึธืœึฐืึธื” ืœึธื ืชึผึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึฐืฉืื•ึผืŸ ื“ึผึธื ืžึดืŸ ื“ึผึธื, ืขึทื“ ื“ึผึฐืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ึทื—ึฐื“ึผึตื™ ืขึดืžึผึฐื›ื•ึนืŸ, ื•ึฐื™ึดืงึฐืจึตื™ ืขึธืœึทื™ึฐื™ื›ื•ึผ ืฉืึฐืœึธื. ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึฐื›ึผึทื— ื‘ึผึฐื’ึดื™ื ึตื™ื›ื•ึนืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึธืžึธื ื‘ึผึฐืขึธืœึฐืžึธื. ื”ึฒื“ึธื ื”ื•ึผื ื“ึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื›ื‘) ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ืึทื—ึทื™ ื•ึฐืจึตืขึธื™ ืึฒื“ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื” ื ึธื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ื‘ึผึธืšึฐ".


ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืš ื’ื ืชืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื‘ื, ื•ืœื ืชืขื–ื‘ื• ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ืขื“ ืฉื”' ื™ืฉืžื— ื‘ื›ื ื•ื™ืงืจื ืœื›ื ืœืฉืœื•ื. ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืจื“ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.


ื›ึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึดืกึฐื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืšึธ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื, ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”ึทืกึฐื‘ึผึตืจ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ



ื”ึธืจึทื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทืขึทืก, ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทืขึทืก, ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึทื” ืชึผึฐื”ึตื ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื?



ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืชืืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืืช ื›ื ื™ืกืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ืกื’ ืข"ื‘). ืฉื ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืจืš ืขืฆื•ื ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”. "ืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผึธื ึธืŸ, ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื›ึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”, ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฉืึธื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื ึฐื—ึถืžึฐื™ึธื”, ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึถืœึฐืขึธื–ึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธื ึธืŸ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ. ืคึผึธืชึฐื—ื•ึผ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ืึทื›ึฐืกึทื ึฐื™ึธื ื•ึฐื“ึธืจึฐืฉืื•ึผ. ืคึผึธืชึทื— ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืจึนืืฉื ื”ึทืžึฐื“ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ื‘ึผึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ื•ึฐื“ึธืจึทืฉื, (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื’) 'ื•ึผืžึนืฉืึถื” ื™ึดืงึผึทื— ืึถืช ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ, ื•ึฐื ึธื˜ึธื” ืœื•ึน ืžึดื—ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทืžึผึทื—ึฒื ึถื”'. ื•ึทื”ึฒืœึนื ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืงึทืœ-ื•ึธื—ึนืžึถืจ, ื•ึผืžึธื” ืึฒืจื•ึนืŸ ื”', ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ืžึฐืจึปื—ึธืง ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ืžึดื™ืœ, ืึธืžึฐืจึธื” ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”, (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื’) 'ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื›ึผึธืœ ืžึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ื”', ื™ึตืฆึตื ืึถืœ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“', ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ืฉืึถื”ื•ึนืœึฐื›ึดื™ื ืžึตืขึดื™ืจ ืœึฐืขึดื™ืจ ื•ึผืžึดืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ึธื” ืœึดืžึฐื“ึดื™ื ึธื” ืœึดืœึฐืžึนื“ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”, ืขึทืœ ืึทื—ึทืช ื›ึผึทืžึผึธื” ื•ึฐื›ึทืžึผึธื”".


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื›ื•ืขืกื•ืช. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขื ืืฉืžื” ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื ื•ืœื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”' ืœืžืฉื” ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื˜ื ื”ืขื’ืœ. ื›ืฉืžืฉื” ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœื• ื•ื™ืฆื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื—ื ื”, ืื•ืžืจ ื”' ืœืžืฉื”: "ื›ึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ื”ึดืกึฐื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึดื™ ืœึฐืšึธ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื, ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”ึทืกึฐื‘ึผึตืจ ืคึผึธื ึดื™ื ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึฐื–ึตืจ ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ืœึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน". ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืขืก ืžืžื ื™, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื›ืขืก ืžืžืš, ืžื™ ื™ืขื•ืจืจ ืื•ืชื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.


"ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึทื‘ึผึธื”ื•ึผ, ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ื•ึนืฉื ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืœึฐืžึนืฉืึถื”, ืขึทื›ึฐืฉืึธื™ื• ื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ, ื”ึธืจึทื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทืขึทืก, ื•ึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึทืขึทืก, ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึทื” ืชึผึฐื”ึตื ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถื?" ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื”' ืœืžืฉื” ื”ื ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ "ืึดื ืึทืชึผึธื” ืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ืœึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžื•ึน - ืžื•ึผื˜ึธื‘. ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื• - ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉืึปืขึท ื‘ึผึดืŸ ื ื•ึผืŸ ืชึผึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึฐืšึธ, ืžึฐืฉืึธืจึตืช ืชึผึทื—ึฐืชึผึถื™ืšึธ". ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืฉื‘ ืœืžื—ื ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืชื” ืžืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ืš ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืš ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืŸ.


ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื“ ืœืžืื•ื“ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื (ื•ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•). ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืœื ืœื›ืขื•ืก ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœื ืœืงื˜ืจื’ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื ืืฉืžื™ื, ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœืงืจื‘ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืืจืช ืคื ื™ื.


ืจึฐืฉืึธืขึดื™ื ื”ึตื, ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึถืชึผึธืœื•ึผ ื‘ึดื˜ึฐื—ื•ึนื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื



ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื ื™ืกืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื›ืจื ื‘ื™ื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืฉื‘ืช (ืงืœื— ืข"ื‘), ืฉื ื“ื ื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื‘ื•ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ืชึผึทื ึฐื™ึธื, ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ื‘ึถืŸ ืึฑืœึดื™ืฉืึธืข ืื•ึนืžึตืจ, ืึดื ืจึธืึดื™ืชึธ ื“ึผื•ึนืจ ืฉืึถืฆึผึธืจื•ึนืช ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึธืื•ึนืช ืขึธืœึธื™ื•, ืฆึตื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื“ื•ึนืง ื‘ึผึฐื“ึทื™ึผึธื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ. ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืœ ืคึผื•ึผืจึฐืขึธื ื•ึผืช ืฉืึถื‘ึผึธืึธื” ืœึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ืœึนื ื‘ึธืึธื” ืึถืœึผึธื ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ืœ ื“ึผึทื™ึผึธื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ". ื“ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืจืฉืขื™ื ืฉืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืคื™ื”ื, "ืจึฐืฉืึธืขึดื™ื ื”ึตื, ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึถืชึผึธืœื•ึผ ื‘ึดื˜ึฐื—ื•ึนื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื".


ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึนื˜ึฐื˜ื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืžึฐืฆึธืื•ึผ



ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง: "ืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผึธื ึธืŸ, ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื ึผึดื›ึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึทื›ึผึถืจึถื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื‘ึฐื ึถื”, ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ, ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึธื” ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉืึถืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึทื— ืžึดื™ึผึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ, 'ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื‘ึผึธืึดื™ื ื ึฐืึปื ื”' ืืœื”ื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึดืฉืึฐืœึทื—ึฐืชึผึดื™ ืจึธืขึธื‘ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืœึนื ืจึธืขึธื‘ ืœึทืœึผึถื—ึถื ื•ึฐืœึนื ืฆึธืžึธื ืœึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ื›ึผึดื™ ืึดื ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ืึตืช ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื”': ื•ึฐื ึธืขื•ึผ ืžึดื™ึผึธื ืขึทื“ ื™ึธื ื•ึผืžึดืฆึผึธืคื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืžึดื–ึฐืจึธื— ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึนื˜ึฐื˜ื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืžึฐืฆึธืื•ึผ'" (ืขืžื•ืก ื— ื™ื-ื™ื‘).


ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ื›ื™ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืขืžื•ืก ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืชื›ื—ื• ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื "ื“ื‘ืจ ื”'". ื•ืžื”ื? ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' - ื–ื•ึน ื”ึฒืœึธื›ึธื”. ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' - ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืงึผึตืฅ. ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' - ื–ื•ึน ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธื”. ื‘ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื”ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืืžืช, ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”. ื”ื ื’ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžืชื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืงืฅ, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื "ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื’ืื•ืœืชื ื•" ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื "ื—ื•ืฉืš ื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ืžื›ื•ืคืœ". ื”ื ื’ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืจืœื˜ืŸ ืฉืžืื—ื– ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.


ืชื•ืจืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ โ€“ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ



ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืง ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื’ื ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. "ืชึผึทื ึฐื™ึธื, ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื—ึทืก ื•ึฐืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึทื— ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืžึดื™ึผึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธื›ึทื— ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน. ืึถืœึผึธื ืžึธื” ืึฒื ึดื™ ืžึฐืงึทื™ึผึตื ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึนื˜ึฐื˜ื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึถืช ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืจ ื”' ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึดืžึฐืฆึธืื•ึผ - ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึดืžึผึธืฆึฐืื•ึผ ื”ึฒืœึธื›ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผืจึธื” ื•ึผืžึดืฉืึฐื ึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผืจึธื” ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืงื•ึนื ืึถื—ึธื“". ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™ "ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” - ื‘ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช". ืืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืื•ืชื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฅ ื•ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืฉืœ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ.


ืกื•ึนืคึตื™ ืชึผึตื‘ื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึผึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธึทื›ึทื— ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึผ ื”ึตื ืื•ึนืชึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™



ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ื”ืจ"ืŸ ืฉืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขื• ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. "ื›ื™ ืœื ืชืฉื›ื— ืžืคื™ ื–ืจืขื•" ื–ื” ืกื•ืคื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ื—ืื™. ื•ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉ"ื”ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึดื™ื—ึท ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึทื— ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืžึดื™ึผึดืฉึฐึนืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทืœ ื™ึธื“ื•ึน. ื•ึฐื›ึทืžึฐื‘ึนืึธืจ ื‘ึผึทื–ึผึนื”ึทืจ 'ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึนื”ึทืจ ื™ึดืคึฐืงื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึตื”ึผ ืžึดืŸ ื’ึผึธืœื•ึผืชึธื' (ื ึธืฉึนึนื ืงื›ื“:)". ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืชืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžืชื™ ื”ืงืฅ ื•ืžื”ื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.


"ื•ึฐืขึทืชึผึธื” ื‘ึผื•ึนื ื•ึผืจึฐืึตื” ื•ึฐื”ึธื‘ึตืŸ. ื ึดืคึฐืœึฐืื•ึนืช ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธืชึตื ื•ึผ ื”ึทืงึผึฐื“ื•ึนืฉืึธื”. ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึตืŸ ืกึธืžึทืšึฐ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™ ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธื›ึทื— ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน. ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน. ืžึฐืจึปืžึผึธื– ื•ึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจ ืกื•ึนื“ ื”ึทื–ึผึถื”. ืฉืึถืขึทืœ-ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™. ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™. ืขึทืœ ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืœึนื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึทื— ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ืžึดื™ึผึดืฉึฐึนืจึธืึตืœ. ื›ึผึดื™ ืกื•ึนืคึตื™ ืชึผึตื‘ื•ึนืช ืฉืึถืœ ื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึผึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธึทื›ึทื— ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึผ ื”ึตื ืื•ึนืชึดื™ึผื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™ ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืฉืึถืžึผึฐืจึทืžึผึตื– ื•ึผืžึฐื’ึทืœึผึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง. ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธื›ึทื— ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน, ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ื“ึผึทื™ึฐืงึธื ื”ึทื™ึฐื ื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ื–ึถื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐืจึปืžึผึธื– ื•ึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง. ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ื”ึทืชึผึทื ึผึธื ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™. ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทืœ-ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื–ึทืจึฐืขื•ึน ืฉืึถืœ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™ ืฉืึถืžึผึฐืจึปืžึผึธื– ื‘ึผึฐื–ึถื” ื”ึทืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืคึตื™ ืชึผึตื‘ื•ึนืช ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ. ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึทืื™. ืขึทืœ ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืœึนื ืชึดืฉึผืึธื›ึทื— ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐื–ึนื”ึทืจ ื“ึผึธื ื™ึดืคึฐืงื•ึผืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื’ึผึธืœื•ึผืชึธื ื›ึผึทื ึผึท"ืœ: ื•ึฐื“ึทืข ืฉืึถืกึผื•ึนื“ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน. ื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐืจึปืžึผึธื– ื‘ึผึฐืคึธืกื•ึผืง ืึทื—ึตืจ. ื›ึผึดื™ ื“ึผึทืข ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทืชึผึทื ึผึธื ื”ึทืงึผึธื“ื•ึนืฉ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช (ื“ึผึธื ึดื™ึผึตืืœ ื“): ืขึด'ื™ืจ ื•ึฐ'ืงึทื“ึผึดื™ืฉื ืžึด'ืŸ ืฉืึฐ'ืžึทื™ึผึธื ื ึธ'ื—ึดื™ืช ืจึธืืฉืึตื™-ืชึผึตื‘ื•ึนืช ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐื›ื•ึผ'". ืžื” ืœื™ืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืงืฅ ื•ืžื”ื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช.


ืชื•ืจืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ โ€“ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืื•ืจ



ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ืจื•ืข ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื



ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื–"ืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ื "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข". ื”ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ืืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืžื ื•ืฆื•ื—ืง (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืงื ืข"ื, ืžื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ ืข"ื). ืœืžื”? ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื–ืจื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืฉืžื—. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืงื”ื™ืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ื’ื“ืœ ื•ื™ืฆืžื— ื•ื™ืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืจืขืฉ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื ืžืกื™ื— ืืช ื“ืขืชื• ืžื”ืžื˜ืจื”. ื”ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื–ืจืข ื”ื–ื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.


ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืœื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ืชื• ื•ื”ื ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื•: "ืขึฒืงึดื™ื‘ึธื ื ึดื—ึทืžึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ ืขึฒืงึดื™ื‘ึธื ื ึดื—ึทืžึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ". ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื›ื™ "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข ืœืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืœื™ืฉืจื™ ืœื‘ ืฉืžื—ื”" ืกื•ืคื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื” (ืคืจื™ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื - ืฉืขืจ ืจ"ื— ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื - ืคืจืง ื’).


ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืจืื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื— ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ "ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึทื ึฐืชึผึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืึดื™ืœึธื ึธื ื“ึดืจึฐื‘ึธื” ื•ึผืชึฐืงึดื™ืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืื•ึนืจึทื™ึฐื™ืชึธื, ื‘ึผึฐืขึทื ึฐืคึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึดื™ืœึธืšึฐ ื“ึผึฐืึดื™ื ื•ึผืŸ ืึตื‘ึธืจึดื™ืŸ ืงึทื“ึผึดื™ืฉืึดื™ืŸ, ื›ึผึทืžึผึธื” ืขื•ึนืคึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึทืจึฐื™ึธื™ืŸ ืชึผึทืžึผึธืŸ, ื“ึผึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืชึดื™ืŸ ืงึทื“ึผึดื™ืฉืึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึฐื’ึทื•ึฐื•ื ึธื ื“ึดืœึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื, ื“ึฐืึดืชึผึฐืžึทืจ ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ (ืฉื ื˜) ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขึทื ึฐืคื•ึนื”ึดื™ ื™ึฐื“ื•ึผืจึธืŸ ืฆึดืคึผึฒืจึตื™ ืฉืึฐืžึทื™ึผึธื".


ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฆืžื— ื”ืื•ืจ ืฉื–ืจืข ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•. "ื•ึฐื›ึทืžึผึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื ึธืฉืึธื ืœึฐืชึทืชึผึธื ื™ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืจึฐื ึฐืกื•ึผืŸ ืžึตื”ึทืื™ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจึธื ื“ึดื™ืœึธืšึฐ, ื›ึผึทื“ ื™ึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึตื™ ืœึฐืชึทืชึผึธื ื‘ึผึฐื“ึธืจึธื ื‘ึทืชึฐืจึธืึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืกื•ึนืฃ ื™ื•ึนืžึทื™ึผึธื, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึดื™ื ึตื™ื”ึผ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื” ื™) ื•ึผืงึฐืจึธืืชึถื ื“ึผึฐืจื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื’ื•ึนืžึตืจ" (ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื–ื”ืจ ืžื ื•ืงื“ ื“ืฃ ื›ื“/ื).


ื•ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืคืขื ืžื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื ื›ื™ ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื”ื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข" ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆืžื•ื— ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืื•ืžืจืช "ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธื ึธืŸ, ื•ึผืžึดืฉึผืึธื ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ืœึดื’ึธืึตืœ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ, (ืฉื ื ื‘) "ื”ึดืชึฐื ึทืขึฒืจึดื™ ืžึตืขึธืคึธืจ ืงื•ึผืžึดื™, ืฉืึฐื‘ึดื™ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธืึด" (ืจ"ื” ืœื.).


ื‘ึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื—ึธื›ึธื ื”ึธืจึธื–ึดื™ื



"ื•ึฐื›ึทื“ ื™ึฐื”ึตื ืงึธืจึดื™ื‘ ืœึฐื™ื•ึนืžึตื™ ืžึฐืฉืึดื™ื—ึธื ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืจึทื‘ึฐื™ึตื™ ื“ึฐืขึทืœึฐืžึธื ื–ึฐืžึดื™ื ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืึทืฉืึฐื›ึผึธื—ึธื ื˜ึฐืžึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ื“ึผึฐื—ึธื›ึฐืžึฐืชึธื ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดื ึฐื“ึทืข ื‘ึผึตื™ื”ึผ ืงึดืฆึผึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐื—ื•ึผืฉืึฐื‘ึผึฐื ึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึผื‘ึฐื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ื–ึดืžึฐื ึธื ืึดืชึฐื’ึผึทืœึผึฐื™ึธื ืœึฐื›ึนืœึผึธื" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื—ืœืง ื ื“ืฃ ืงื™ื—/ื). ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืขืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืงืฅ, ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ืชืชื’ืœื” ืœื›ื•ืœื. ืžื”ื™ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—?


ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื“, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ื‘ึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื—ึธื›ึธื ื”ึธืจึธื–ึดื™ื", ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ื•ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื•ืื•ืžืจืช "ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืชื ื“ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืฆื•ืคื™ื”ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื— ืข"ื). ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืกื‘ืจ.


ืžืฉืœื• ืžืฉืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื›ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ืžืฆื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืชื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื ืืžืจ ืœืžืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืœ ื—ืฅ 3 ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ื˜ื™ืœ ืื—ืจ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืขืฉื”ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉืขืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ื—ื›ืžื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.


ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืชืจืงืžื” ื‘ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“, ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืชืฃ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœื” ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืžืื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื—ืœืง ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ื—ืœืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจ, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืืœืคื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ื ื”. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืฉื” ืจืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืชื ื• ืœื•. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื”, ื—ืœืง ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช.


ืžื” ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื•ื”ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื ื’ืœื”, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช. ืจืง ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ื”ื™ื ืœื ื ืจืื™ืช ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื ืžืฆืืช ืจืง ื‘ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•. ืจืง ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื–ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ืœืžื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื•ื–ื” ืœื‘ืŸ ื•ื›ื•'.


ื‘ื“ืจืš ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ืžืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืจื•ื—ื ืจืง ื”ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืจืื• ื›ื•ืœื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื•ื’ืžืจ ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืื™ืš ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื•ืคืœื ื”ื–ื”. ืจืง ืื– ื™ืจืื• ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš.


ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื–ื›ื• ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื™ืชืฃ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื•ืงื™ื ื’ื™ืœื” ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืชืจื™ื, ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช ื”' ื™ืชื’ืฉืžื•. ื”' ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ืžืจืื” ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืจืื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื. ื›ืš ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื” ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืžืจืืฉ ื”ืคืกื’ื” "ืขึทื“ ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื”ึธืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนืŸ" ื•ื“ืจืฉื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ". ื›ืš ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืื•ืชื” ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื” ืจืง ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื”.


ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื ืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•. ื›ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื ื•ืฆืจ ืขื ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฆืจ.


ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื ื–ื”ืจื™ื ืœืื”ื•ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื ืคืฉื• ื•ืžืื•ื“ื•. "ื•ึผื‘ึดืคึฐืจึธื˜ ืึทื”ึฒื‘ึทืช ื”ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจึดื™ื ื”ึธืขื•ึนืกึฐืงึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื‘ึผึฐื™ึทื—ึทื“ ืฆึธืจึดื™ืšึฐ ื›ึผึธืœ ืึถื—ึธื“ ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืœึดื›ึฐืœึนืœ ืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน ื›ึผึฐืึดืœึผื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ืึตื‘ึธืจ ืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจึดื™ื ืฉืึถืœึผื•ึน. ื•ึผื‘ึดืคึฐืจึธื˜ ืึดื ื™ึตืฉื ืœึฐื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื™ึฐื“ึดื™ืขึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึธื’ึธื” ืœึฐื“ึทืขึทืช ื•ึผืœึฐื”ึทื›ึผึดื™ืจ ืœึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึน ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื—ึดื™ื ึทืช ื”ึทื ึผึฐืฉืึธืžึธื” ื•ึฐืึดื ื™ึตืฉื ืึตื™ื–ึถื” ื—ึธื‘ึตืจ ืžึตื”ึถื ื‘ึผึทืฆึผึธืจึธื” ืฆึฐืจึดื™ื›ึดื™ื ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ืœึฐืฉืึทืชึผึตืฃ ืขึทืฆึฐืžึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืขึฒืจื•ึน ืื•ึน ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื—ึนืœึดื™ ืื•ึน ืžึตื—ึฒืžึทืช ื‘ึผึธื ึดื™ื ื—"ื•. ื•ึฐื™ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึฐืœื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึนืœ ืชึผึฐืคึดืœึผื•ึนืชึธื™ื• ื•ึผืฆึฐืจึธื›ึธื™ื• ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึธื™ื• ื™ึฐืฉืึทืชึผึตืฃ ืึถืช ื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึน ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ื•ึผืžึฐืึนื“ ื”ึดื–ึฐื”ึดื™ืจึทื ึดื™ ืžื•ึนืจึดื™ ื–ึท"ืœ ื‘ึผึฐืขึดื ึฐื™ึทืŸ ืึทื”ึฒื‘ึทืช ื”ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจึดื™ื ืฉืึถืœึผึธื ื•ึผ ืฉืึถืœ ื—ึถื‘ึฐืจึธืชึตื ื•ึผ" (ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช - ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ). ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืชื• ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืชืฆื ืžื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ.


ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ื”ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆื ืจืง ื‘ืจืืฉ, ืจืง ื‘ื ืกืชืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืจืง ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืจื–ื™ื. ื›ืฉืื“ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชื›ืœืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื•ืžื‘ืจืš "ื‘ืจื•ืš ื—ื›ื ื”ืจื–ื™ื". ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืืœื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื–ื” ืžื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืจื—.


ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืจืื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœื. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืžื™ื, ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืจืื• ืื•ืชื” ืจืง ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ืจื–ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” "ืงื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช" (ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื™ื‘ ื”) ื•ื–ื• ื’ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื•ืžื“ ืืช ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ืฉืงื ืื” ื•ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืœ.


ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ื™ืืžืจ "ืงื•ึนืœ ืฆึนืคึทื™ึดืšึฐ ื ึธืฉื‚ึฐืื•ึผ ืงื•ึนืœ ื™ึทื—ึฐื“ึผึธื• ื™ึฐืจึทื ึผึตื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึทื™ึดืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืขึทื™ึดืŸ ื™ึดืจึฐืื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ ื”' ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ: ืคึผึดืฆึฐื—ื•ึผ ืจึทื ึผึฐื ื•ึผ ื™ึทื—ึฐื“ึผึธื• ื—ึธืจึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื ื›ึผึดื™ ื ึดื—ึทื ื”' ืขึทืžึผื•ึน ื’ึผึธืึทืœ ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึดื: ื—ึธืฉื‚ึทืฃ ื”' ืึถืช ื–ึฐืจื•ึนืขึท ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืื•ึน ืœึฐืขึตื™ื ึตื™ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื•ึฐืจึธืื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ืึทืคึฐืกึตื™ ืึธืจึถืฅ ืึตืช ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึทืช ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ". ืืžืŸ ื•ืืžืŸ.


 


ืกื™ืคื•ืจ



ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื”



ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื: ืœืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื—ืกื™ื“ ืฆืื ื–, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืกืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืฆืœื™ื—. ื”ื•ื ืคื ื” ืœืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื– ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืฆืคืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืฉื™ื™ืงื— ืขืฉืจื” ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืœื›ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™. ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื™ืฉืœื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืกื›ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ. ืœืงื— ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฉืจื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื™, ื•ื”ืขืกืงื” ืื›ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืคืœืœื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืœื ืจืง ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืกื›ื•ื.


ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืš, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืื•ืชื ืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืจื™ืงื. ืคื ื” ืืคื•ื ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’. ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื. ืืžืจ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืœืจื‘: ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช, ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœืชืš. ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœื›ืš. ื•ืœื ืขื•ื“, ืืœื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ืชื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœื™ื•, ืœื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื. ืื—ืจืช ืœื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ. ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ: ื ืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืชื—ืชื•ื ื•ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืชืŸ ืœืื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื.


ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืขืกืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืขื ืื“ื ื‘ื ืชื ื™ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชืงืขื• ื›ืฃ ื•ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืฉ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื›ืกืฃ, ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืขืกืงื”. ื”ืœืš ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื•, ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื–, ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื• ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื•. ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ื”ืฆื™ืข ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.


ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืœืจื‘ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื. ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืข ืืช ืงื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื–ื“ื”ื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื” ืืช ืงื•ืœื•. ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื” ื•ืžื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืฉื”ื•, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘: ื•ื”ืœื•ื ืืชื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืœืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืคืช.


ื”ืชื—ืžืง ื”ืื™ืฉ ื•ื ื™ืกื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื‘: ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื•ืœืš. ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื. ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืš, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”' ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœืš ื’ืžื•ืœืš ื‘ืจืืฉืš. ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืื ืชืฉืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืฉืœืš ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืกืชื“ืจ ืœืš ื’ื ื›ืืŸ.


ื”ืœืš ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ืœืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื– ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ืœื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ื•ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืกืจื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžืฆืื ื–: ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• - ืกื•ืœื ืžื•ืฆื‘ ืืจืฆื” ื•ืจืืฉื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืืœื™ื•, ืฉืืชื” ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืœืš ืžื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฆืคืช ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ืกืชื“ืจ ืœืš.


ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืœืจื‘ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื’ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืžื•ืœื• ื”ืชื—ืจื˜ ื•ืฉื™ืœื


 


ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”



ืขืœื• ื•ืืชื•. ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืจ ื•ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื‘ืœ"ื’ ื‘ืขื•ืžืจ? ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ?


ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ: ืื ื‘ืช ืงื•ืœ ืื•ืžืจืช "ืขื•ึผืœื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึธืชื•ึผ, ื•ึฐืึดืชึฐื›ึผึฐื ึธืฉืื•ึผ ืœึฐื”ึดื™ืœึผื•ึผืœึธื ื“ึผึฐืจึดื‘ึผึดื™ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ" (ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื’ ืจืฆื• ื‘) ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืžื™ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืจื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ.


 


 


ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืก ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืฉืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื•ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ื™ืฆืื• ืžื”ืžืขืจื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืฆืื” ื‘ืช ืงื•ืœ ื•"ื ื–ืคื”" ื‘ื”ื ื•ืฉืœื—ื” ืื•ืชื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืขืจื”. ืื– ืื™ืš ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ืœื ืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ืœืงื— ื›ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืจื•ืฃ, ื•ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ?


ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ื. ืžืจื•ื‘ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื ื”ื ื•ืจื ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฃ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื. ื•ืจืฉื‘"ื™ ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืžืชืงืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื”ืจืขื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืจืฉื‘"ื™, ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ืฉืจืื” ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื ืœื’ืœ ืขืฆืžื•ืช. ื›ื™ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืจืข ืฉืžืงืœืงืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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