ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงืœื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื
  • ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช
undefined
13 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืขื–ืจื ื‘ืŸ ืžืขืชื•ืง ื”ื›ื”ืŸ

ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช
ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืจืขื• ื‘ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื–
ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช ืื•ืžืจืช (ื“ืฃ ื›ื• ืข"ื ื•ืข"ื‘):
"ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืจืขื• ืืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ื—ืžืฉื” ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘. ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ืชืžื•ื–:
ื. ื ืฉืชื‘ืจื• ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘. ื•ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื’. ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื“. ื•ืฉืจืฃ ืืคื•ืกื˜ืžื•ืก ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ื”. ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืฆืœื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ" (ืจืฉ"ื™ ื’ื•ืจืก "ื•ื”ื•ืขืžื“ ืฆืœื ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ", ื•ืœื ืงืื™ ืขืœ ืืคื•ืกื˜ืžื•ืก ืืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืฉื” ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืฆืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ).

ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื”ืขื™ืจ?
ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืฉื ื›ื— ืข"ื‘): "ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื”ื•ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื™ื—ื–ืง ื”ืจืขื‘ ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืจื™ื” ื•ืชื‘ืงืข ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื’ื•'? ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื ืœื ืงืฉื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื”, ื“ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื–, ื‘ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื•", ืขื›"ืœ.
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ืค"ื” ืžื”ืœ' ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœ' ื‘'): "ื•ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื—ืžืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืจืขื• ื‘ื•: ื ืฉืชื‘ืจื• ื”ืœื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื˜ืœ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉื ื™ " ื•ื›ื•'.
ืžื“ืงื“ื•ืง ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ืฉื ื™ ื—ืžื™ืจ ืœืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ื™ื•ื ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ืœื ื˜' ื‘ืชืžื•ื–. ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™, ืฉื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื‘ืงืขื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื–, ืืœื ืฉืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื˜ืขื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ (ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื”, ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืก' ืจ"ื” ื™"ื— ืข"ื‘ ื“"ื” ื–ื”).

ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช - ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ
ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉืขื™ืงืจ ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืขื•, ื•ื–"ืœ (ืค"ื” ืžื”ืœ' ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”"ื): "ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืขื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืื™ืจืขื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืคืชื•ื— ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” , ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ื”ืจืขื™ื ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื›ืžืขืฉื™ื ื• ืขืชื” ืขื“ ืฉื’ืจื ืœื”ื ื•ืœื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืชื•ื•ื“ื• ืืช ืขื•ื ื ื•ืืช ืขื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืชื" ื•ื’ื•'. ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžื•, ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื’ืจืžื• ืœืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื”. ื•ืืฃ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื "ื— ื“) "ื™ื•ึนื ืขึทื ึผื•ึนืช ืึธื“ึธื ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึน ื”ึฒืœึธื›ึนืฃ ื›ึผึฐืึทื’ึฐืžึนืŸ ืจึนืืฉืื•". ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ื ืœืงืจื ืกืคืจ ืชื”ืœื™ื ืื• ืกืคืจื™ ืžื•ืกืจ, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื‘ ื•ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื ื™ืขืฉื ื• ื™ื•ื ืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืœ, ืื• ื™ื ืฆืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืจื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฅ ืื• ืœื”ืกืชืคืจ. ื•ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื ื‘ืื“ื™ืฉื•ืช, ืืœื ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืœื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื•, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื•, ื•ื™ืจืื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ืžื™ืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ื›ืจืื•ื™.

ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื” ืงื•ื“ื ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช
ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืชืงืก"ื“ ืกืขื™' ื'):
"ื›ืœ ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืฉื•ืชื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืŸ (ืฉื™ื ืช ืงื‘ืข), ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉืŸ (ืฉื™ื ืช ืงื‘ืข) ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืชื”, ืื"ื› ื”ืชื ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช. ื”ื’ื”: ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืชื ืื™, ื“ืžืกืชืžื ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœืฉืชื™ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืชื ื”" (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉ"ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ืก"ืง ื”- ื• ืฉื›ืชื‘, ื•ื–"ืœ: ื“ืžืกืชืžื ื“ืขืชื• ื•ื›ื•' - ื“ื“ืจืš ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆืžื ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื ืชื•: ื•ื”ื•ื™ ื›ืืœื• ื”ืชื ื” - ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื“ืœื›ืชื—ืœื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชื ื•ืช ืืฃ ืœืฉืชื™ื” ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื›ืŸ ืื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื"ืฆ ืœื”ืชื ื•ืช", ืขื›"ืœ).


ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืœื” ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื ืช ืงื‘ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉื ืช ืงื‘ืข - ืืกื•ืจ ืื—"ื› ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช. ื•ืื ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืฉืŸ ืขืฉื” ืชื ืื™ ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ืงื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ ื™ืื›ืœ ืื• ื™ืฉืชื”: ืœืคื™ ื”ืคืฉื˜ - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื• ืœืฉืชื•ืช. ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื’ื ืื ื”ืชื ื” ืื• ื—ืฉื‘, ืฉืชื™ื” - ืžื•ืชืจืช, ืื‘ืœ ืื›ื™ืœื” - ืืกื•ืจื”. ื•ืื ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืฆื•ื ืื ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื—ืจ - ืื–ื™ ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื ืื™ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืžื‘"ื ืค"ื ืžื”ืœ' ืชืขื ื™ืช ื”ืœ' ื—', ื•ืœื›ื”"ื— ืกื™' ืชืงืค"ื ืก"ืง ืกื˜).

ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื
ืžืจืŸ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืชืง"ืŸ ืก"ื) ื›ืชื‘, ื•ื–"ืœ: "ื”ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ื’ื“ืจ. ื”ื’ื” - ืžื™ื”ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื˜ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช (ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืžื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืค"ื”). (ืžืจืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื’"ื› ื›ืจืž"ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื˜' ื‘ืื‘ ื‘ืกื™' ืชืงื "ื“ ืก"ื”: "ืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืชืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื˜' ื‘ืื‘ ื›ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืชืขื ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ืคื•ืจ; ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื’' ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืœื”ืชืขื ื•ืช , ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืœื ืชืื›ืœื ื” ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ืžืื›ืœ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืชื”, ืืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื•ืœื“". ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื—ืžื™ืจื• ืืœื ื‘ื˜' ื‘ืื‘ ื“ื•ืงื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืืจ ืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื—ืœืฉื™ื, ืืœื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืœื ืžืขื“ื ื™ื.

ืœืžืขืฉื”:
ืžืขื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื ื™ืงื•ืช, ื–ืงื ื™ื, ืื• ื—ืœืฉื™ื - ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืฆื•ื, ืืš ื™ืื›ืœื• ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืœื ืžืขื“ื ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื•, ืœื ื™ืคืจื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื™ืฆื•ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืฆืขืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื–ื•ื›ื” ื•ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื ื—ืžืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
ืงื˜ืŸ - ื‘ืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ื› ื•ื˜"ื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืœื ืœืฆื•ื ืžืขื˜, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ืฉืืจ ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš. ื•ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื ื›ื ืฉื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื ื”ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืœื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื•ืžืžืชืงื™ื, ืืœื ืจืง ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื”"ื— ืชืง"ืŸ ืก"ืง ื˜', ืชืงื ื“ ืก"ืง ื›ื’).
ืคืขื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื™ืคื• ืื“ื ื ื›ื‘ื“ ืฉืžืœืงืง ื’ืœื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘. ืคื ื™ืชื™ ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืฉื›ื— ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ืฆื•ื? ืืš ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™, ืื ื™ ืœื ืฉื›ื—ืชื™, ืืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื—ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื™ ืฆื. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืื ื›ืš ืชืื›ืœ ื‘ืฆื ืขื, ื•ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื’ืœื™ื“ื” ืื• ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“.

ืขืจื‘ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืขืจื‘ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘
ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ืช"ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ืฉื‘ืขืจื‘ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืช"ื‘ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืฉื ื™ ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืžืคืกืงืช ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืื‘ืœื•ืช.

ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื™ื•ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
ืคืขื ืฉืืœื• ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ืฉื“ื™ ื—ืžื“" ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืจื•ืคื ืฆื™ื•ื”ื• ืฉืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœืฆื•ื ืจืง ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื ื”ื’ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืชืฉืจื™, ืฉื”ืฆื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงืœืข ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”, ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื™ืฆื•ื ืืช ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืื• ืฉืžื ื™ื“ืœื’ ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ. ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื”ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื˜ืคื™, ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื• ืœืฆื•ื ืืช ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื•ืœื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืื ื•ืก, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ. ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืงื‘"ื” ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื•ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืฉื™ื–ื›ื” ืœืฆื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื–ื• ื™ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ื™ื“ืœื’ ืขืœ ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื™ืœ ื•ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ.

ื–ืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง
ื”ื™ื” ืช"ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื“, ืฉื”ืจื•ืคื ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื–ืจื™ืงื” ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœื”. ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•: ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ื–ืงื ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื—ื›ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ื›'ื“ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืกืœืžืŸ ื—ื•ื’'ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืขืกื•ืงื™ื, ื•ืื ืœื ืชืงื‘ืœ ื–ืจื™ืงื” ืืชื” ื‘ื™ื•"ื› ืชืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืœืฉ ื•ืชืจืฆื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ืืชื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ื•ืื ื™ ืืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืœืš ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื, ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืžืขื›ืฉื• ืชืงื— ื–ืจื™ืงื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื›ื ืข. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™, ื”ืœืš ืื•ืชื• ื—ื›ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืจื™ ืฆื“ืง ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื–ืจื™ืงื”, ื•ืกืคืจื• ืœื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืืœื™ื• ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืžืขื™ืงืจื ืžืื™ ืงืกื‘ืจ ืžืจ? ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื–ืจื™ืงื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื™ ืงืœืœืช ื—ื›ื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื—ื ื, ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืš ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉ ื•ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ื”. ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœืงืœืœ ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืืœื ืจืง ืืžืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช.

ื”ืคืจื ืกื” ืžืื™ืชื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉืžื• ื•ื™ืชืขืœื”
ื”ื™ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ืœื‘ื ืืœื™ ื•ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืœื•ืื”. ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ืชืชื™ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ (10 ืœื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžื ื•), ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื™. ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืจ"ื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”. ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ืชืคืœืืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืข, ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืœืคืฉืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ. ืืžืจ ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืฉื™ืจ: ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘, ื‘"ื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืกื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ, ื•ื›ืขืช ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืื ื™ ืžืชืคืœืœ ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ืจื‘ืฉ"ืข, ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืฉืจ ืœื™ืจื•ืช ืœืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•". ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื•, ืืชื” ืžืขืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ?! ืืš ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ "ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื™".


ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื”
ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื—ื›ื ืžื ืฉื” ืฉืœื• ืข"ื” ืžืกืคืจ, ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจ ืื—ื“ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ืœื‘, ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืžื—ืจ, ื•ืื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืžืื“ ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื”. ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืื—ื“ ืฉืจืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ื›ืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉ, ื‘ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืžืžื ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื–ื” ื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื›ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื“ื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื”, ื”ื•ื ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื ื•ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ืœืช ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืคื•ืชื— ืืช ื“ืœืชื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ ื•ื–ื•ืขืง ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื™ืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื™ื—ื–ืง ืื•ืชื• ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื•ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉืžื—, ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื›ืกืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ื›ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืขื”. ืžืฉืฉืžืข ื›ืš ืื•ืชื• ืขื ื™ ืฆืขืง ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ืœืช, "ืœื! ืœื! ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขื”, ืฉื™ืชืŸ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืžื™ื™ื“, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื• ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช...!!".

ืื ื›ืกืฃ - ืชืœื•ื” ืืช ืขืžื™
ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื‘, ื›ื“) "ืื ื›ืกืฃ ืชืœื•ื” ืืช ืขืžื™", ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืขืœ 'ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ': "ืื ื›ืกืฃ" - ืื– "ืชืœื•ื” ืืช ืขืžื™". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื”ื ืืœื ืžื•ืคืงื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื "ื’ื‘ืื™ื" ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืœ ื ื–ืงืง. ื•ืื ื—"ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื–ื”, ืขืœื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื•ืช ืœื™ื˜ืœื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืคืงื™ื“ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืื™ ื ืืžืŸ ืื—ืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื• ื•ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื–ืงืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืžื—ื”, ืื–ื™ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื•ืช ื™ืฉืชื‘ื— ืฉืžื• ื•ื™ืชืขืœื” ื™ืจืื” ืฉื”"ืขืกืงื”" ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืชืœืžืช ื•ื™ื›ืคื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉืœืฉ ืœื• ืืช ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.

ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืื™ืžื•
ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืžื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžื–ืœื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื’ื ืœืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื”, ื•ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื™ืืžืจ ืฉืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื—ืœื‘ื• ื•ื“ืžื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ืื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืืžื• ืฉื ืคื˜ืจื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆื•ื - ื™ืœืžื“. ื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆื•ื.

ืžื•"ืจ ืื‘ื™ ืข"ื” ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื‘' ื“ืจ"ื”, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื ื™ ืฆื ื‘ื• ื›ื™ ื™"ื ืฉืœื ืฆืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ (ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื—, ื™) "ืื›ืœื• ืžืฉืžื ื™ื ื•ืฉืชื• ืžืžืชืงื™ื ื•ื›ื•' ื›ื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื™ื•ื ืœืื“ื•ื ื ื•". ืžืจืช ืืžื™ ืข"ื” ื ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ื“' ื‘ืื‘ ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืฆื ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื˜' ื‘ืื‘.


ืืžื™ืจืช "ืขื ื ื•"
ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ืค"ื ืžื”ืœ' ืชืขื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ื™ื‘) ื•ืจืฉ"ื™: ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ืขื ื ื•' ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ืืข"ืค ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœื™ื (ืขื“ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ), ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื ืื•ืžืจ 'ืขื ื ื•', ืืข"ืค ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช, ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืื™ ืื—"ื› ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข. ื•ื™ืฉื ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื›ืžื” ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ืŸ (ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื™ืžื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืจืžื‘"ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ื ื™ืกืื™ื ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืžื ื”ื’ ื’'ืจื‘ื”. ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืงืก"ื” ืกืขื™' ื’' ืฉื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืคื™ืœื•ืชื™ื•" - ืžืฉืžืข ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉื, ื•ืœืžืฉ"ื‘ ื•ื›ื”"ื— ืก"ืง ื˜ื•"ื‘ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื).

ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื : ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ืฆ, ืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ืขื ื ื•', ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื ื—ื”. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจ 'ืขื ื ื•' ื‘ืชืคืœืช ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื”ืฉ"ืฆ ืื•ืžืจื• - ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืชืคืœืช ืœื—ืฉ ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจื• ื‘"ืฉื•ืžืข ืชืคื™ืœื”", ื•ื”ืฉ"ืฅ ืื•ืžืจื• ื‘ื™ืŸ "ื’ื•ืืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืœ"ืจืคืื ื•" ื›ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ื—ื•ืชื "ื‘ื"ื” ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืช ืฆืจื”".

ืงืจื™ืื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”
ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื•ืงื•ืจืื™ืŸ "ื•ื™ื—ืœ".
ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืžืจ "ืขื ื ื•" ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื›ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืก"ืช ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืขืฉืจื” ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืข ืชืงืกื•, ื’').
ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื›ื”"ื— (ืฉื ืก"ืง ืœ"ื‘) ืฉื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ื›ืžื• ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื–) ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืฉื” ืื• ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉืžืชืขื ื™ื, ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืก"ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืขื ื ื•".

ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืชื•ืจื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืฆื
ื. ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืœื ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื ื—ื”, ืืœื ืžื™ ืฉืžืชืขื ื”. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืฆื, ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื’ื‘ืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื™ืงืจื ืœื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื” (ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืงืก"ื• ืกืขื™' ื•').
ื‘. ืื ืงืจืื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืขื ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ื–ืงืŸ ืื• ื—ื•ืœื”, ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืชื•ืจื” - ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื ื•ืก.

ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืฆื ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื”
ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืฆื ืžื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื”, ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชื‘ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ื— ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ "ืขื ื ื•" ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื”. ื•ืžื™ื”ื•, ืื ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืฉ"ืฆ ืงื‘ื•ืข, ื•ืื ืœื ื™ืขืœื” ื™ืชื’ืœื” ืœืขื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ืฆื ื•ื™ืชื‘ื–ื” ื•ื™ืฆื ืžื–ื” ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”' ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื–ืŸ.

ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ืžื ื—ื”
ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืจืž"ื ืžืคื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื ื—ื” "ื“ืจืฉื•" (ืจืž"ื ืชืงืก"ื• ืกืขื™' ื'), ื•ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืœื ืžืคื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ.
ื‘. ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืฉืขืœื” ืœืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื’ืจืจ ืื—ืจ ื”ืงื”ืœ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ืฃ ืงื• ืข"ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืขื ืจื‘ ืืฉื™ ืฉื ืงืœืข ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื, ื•ื‘ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื ื“"ื” ื•ืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื”).

ื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื”
ื. ื›ืฉืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœืฉืงื™ืขื” - ื™ืฉืื• ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื›ืคื™ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืคื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืื—ืจื™ "ืคืœื’ ื”ืžื ื—ื”" ื“ื”ื™ื ื• ืฉืขื” ื•ืจื‘ืข ืงื•ื“ื ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืžื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื“ื. ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉืืช ื›ืคื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืข ืชืงืก"ื• ืกืขื™' ื—', ื•ืงื›ื˜ ืกืขื™' ื'. ื‘ื"ื— ืชืฆื•ื” ื›ื’, ืจ"ืค ื—"ื“ ืกื™' ื”', ืœื•ื— ืืจ"ื™).
ื‘. ื’ื ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื™ืฉืื• ื›ืคื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืชืขื ื™ืช. ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื”ื’ ื—ื•"ืœ ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœืฉืืช ื›ืคื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœืฉืืช ื›ืคื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืขืฉื• ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืžื ื—ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืœ' ื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื›' ืฉื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœืฉืืช ื›ืคื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ. ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ืžื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœ ื”"ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืื™"ืฉ" ื–ืฆ"ืœ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ, ื•ื ื”ื’ ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื˜ืจื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืชื• ื•ื‘ืจื›ืชื•. ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืขืชื” ื•ื‘ื–ืžื ื”).

ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžื ื—ื” ืืœื ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื ืขื™ืœื”. ื•ืื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื ื’ืฉื• ืœื“ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืฉ"ืฆ ื ืืœืฅ ืœื”ืงืจื™ื ืœื”ื "ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš", ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืืจ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื“ืขื• ืืช ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืฉืœื ืขืœื• ืœื“ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฆืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืขื–.

ืืžื™ืจืช "ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื" ื‘ืžื ื—ื”
ื‘ืžื ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘"ืืœื•ืงื™ ื ืฆื•ืจ" - ืงื•ื“ื "ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ" ื”ืฉื ื™:
"ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื, ื’ืœื•ื™ ืœืคื ื™ืš, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื ืื“ื ื—ื•ื˜ื ื•ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืืœื ื—ืœื‘ื• ื•ื“ืžื• ืžืžื ื• ื•ืžืชื›ืคืจ ืœื•, ื•ืขื›ืฉื• ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ื•ื ืชืžืขื˜ ื—ืœื‘ื™ ื•ื“ืžื™. ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืœืคื ื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื ื—ืœื‘ื™ ื•ื“ืžื™ ืฉื ืชืžืขื˜ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ืงืจื‘ืชื™ื• ืœืคื ื™ืš ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื•ืชืจืฆื ื™. ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ืืžืจื™ ืคื™ ื•ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ ืœืคื ื™ืš, ื”' ืฆื•ืจื™ ื•ื’ื•ืืœื™" (ื ื•ืกื— ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืกื™ื“ื•ืจ 'ืงื•ืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•' ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ืจื ื– - 257. ื•ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื™ื– ืข"ื, ื•ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืงืก"ื” ืกืขื™' ื“'). ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื”ื’ื ื• ืœืื•ืžืจื• ืื—ืจื™ ืชืคืœืช ืžื ื—ื”.

ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืืžืจื ื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืขืชื” ื•ื‘ื–ืžื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื ื ืงืฉื™ื, ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื–ื” ื ื”ืคืš ืœื“ื™ื ื ืจืคื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืŸ ื ืฉืืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ (ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ) ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ื ื—ืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ 'ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืงื—' ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื“ืฃ ื›"ื‘ ืฉื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืชืคืœืœ ืžื ื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื).

ืžืขืœืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืช
ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ ืื—ื“ ื“ื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”"ืœืฉื ื™ื—ื•ื“" ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”, ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”. ื•ื”ื˜ืขื ืœื›ืš, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ืจื‘, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืœืฆื•ื“ ืœื• ืฆื™ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉืžื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื–ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”. ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืœืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืฉื—ื˜ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื’ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื’' ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจื“ืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื—ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉืžื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”. ื•ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื” ืฉืืžืจ "ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืœื—ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ", ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ื•. ื•ืžืขืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื” ื•ืขืฆื•ืžื”, ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœื ืื›ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื›ื“ื‘ืขื™, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืื›ืœ ื›ื“ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช.

ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฆื•ืช
ืžืฆื•ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืคืขื ืฉื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืืจื›ื” ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื ื• ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจื” ื•ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืกื•ืจ ื“ืจื›ื• ื•ืขืฉื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื ื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื›ื™ื“ ื”ืžืœืš, ื›ืš ืฉื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืงื•ื“ื ื—ืฆื•ืช ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื ื•.

ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช
ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื ื™ื”, ื•ืกื•ื›ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืฉื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืชื™ืžื ื™) ื•ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื˜ืขื ื•ืจื™ื— ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืกื•ื›ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืœืฆืืช ื’ื ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. (ืืœื ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ื›ืฉืจ, ืฉืื– ื”ืืชืจื•ื’ ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื•).

ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื
ื›ืœ ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื
ืฉืœืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืœื˜' ื‘ืื‘ ื ืงืจืื™ื ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื›ืœ ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื" (ืื™ื›ื” ื, ื’). ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืงืฆืช ืื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืขื“ ืื—ืจ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘.

ืชืกืคื•ืจืช ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื—
ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืจ ืื• ืœื”ืชื’ืœื— ื”ื—ืœ ืžื™ื•ื ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื•ื”ืœืื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ื• ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื.
ื•ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข - ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื• ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ (ืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืชืงื "ื ืกืขื™' ื™"ื‘, ื•ืœืžืฉ"ื‘ ืฉื ืก"ืง ืค"ื‘).

ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•'
ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืกื™' ืชืงื "ื ืกืขื™' ื™ื–): "ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจื™ ืื• ืขืœ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ, ื•ืœื ื™ื—ืžื™ืฅ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” (ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื™ ืฉืœื ื™ืžืฆื ืื—ืจ ื˜' ื‘ืื‘, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืœืื›ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื)".
ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื• ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•", ื›ืœ ืฉืœืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. ื•ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืœื‘ืจืš "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช. ืื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื. ื•ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื‘ืฉื‘ืช (ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœื›ื”"ื— ืฉื ืก"ืง ืจ"ื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืฉื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•"ืข ืืคื™' ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืฉืขืจ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ื‘ืก"ืง ืจ"ื– ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื”"ื—: ืฉืœืคื™ ื”'ื‘ืจื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ' ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•", ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืคืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ).
ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืคืจื™ ืื• ื™ืจืง ื—ื“ืฉ - ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืคืจื™, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•". ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ (ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื”ื’ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื) ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•", ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืคืจื™.
ื•ื˜ืขืžื ืฉืœ ืืœื• ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื: ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื”ืจื•ืื” ืคืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœื•, ืœื›ืŸ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืคืจื™. ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืฉืืข"ืค ืฉืžื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืื” ืคืจื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื‘ืจืš "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•", ื ื”ื’ื• ืฉืœื ืžื‘ืจืš ืขื“ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•"ืข ืกื™' ืจื›"ื” ืกืขื™' ื’').

"ืืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ"
ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ื”"ืžื’'ื“ืจื”" ื”ื˜ืขื™ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื’ืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื™ืœื“ื•ืชื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืจื‘ืฉ"ืข, ืจืื” ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ "ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื" - ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื” "ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•" ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื“ืขืช ืžืจืŸ, ื›ืžื” ืฆืจื•ืช ืืจืขื• ื‘ื”ื, ื›ืžื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืช"ื‘ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืžืชืื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื•, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืงื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ืฆื•ืช, ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืžื’ื™ืœืช ืื™ื›ื”, ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืคื•ืช, ืœื ื”ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื›ื”ืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžืจ"ื— ืื‘, ื•ืœื ื”ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื•, ื•ืœื ื”ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืืœื• ื›ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืจื‘ ืช"ื‘, ื•ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื” ื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘, ื•ืขืœ ื–ืืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื, "ืฉืžื—ื ื• ื›ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื ื™ืชื ื•", ื•ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื ื"ืš ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™"ื– ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜' ื‘ืื‘, ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืื•ืชื ื"ืš ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื"ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื”.
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ื”ืคื•ืš ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื›ืžืืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื— ื™ื˜) "ื›ึผึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ืฆึฐื‘ึธ-ืื•ึนืช ืฆื•ึนื ื”ึธืจึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึทื—ึฒืžึดื™ืฉืึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึทืฉึผืึฐื‘ึดื™ืขึดื™ ื•ึฐืฆื•ึนื ื”ึธืขึฒืฉื‚ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืœึฐืฉื‚ึธืฉื‚ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึผืœึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐืžึนืขึฒื“ึดื™ื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฑืžึถืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผืึธืœื•ึนื ืึฑื”ึธื‘ื•ึผ". ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื‘ื™ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืืœ ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืืจื™ืืœ, ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืŸ.
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il