ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืš
  • ืชืžื•ื–
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืœื™ื•ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ
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9 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื”ืงื“ืžื”
ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื•"ืคืชืงื™ื" ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื”ืงืฉืช.
ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื• ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื ื›ืชื‘ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช, "ืฆืขื˜ืœืืš" (ืคืชืงื™ื) ื‘ืฆื“ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ื•ื›ื“ื•' ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืฉื•ืืœื™ื. ื‘ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืชืžืฆื™ืชื™ืช ื•ื—ื“ื”.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืืกืคื• ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ ื”ืื™ื’ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ื ื›"ื” ืขื“ ื›"ื˜ (ืฉื ืช ืชืฉื›"ื— ืขื“ ืชืฉืœ"ื“), ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื›ืจื›ื™ "ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžื ื—ื" ื‘ื›ืจื›ื™ "ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืœืš" ื•"ืžืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืœืš", ื‘"ื ืœื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืจื—ื•ืชื™ื•" ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืžื–ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ื”ืžืขื ื•ืช ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ืš ืžืื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืชืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืืŸ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื”ืžืื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืื™ - ืืœื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื.
ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ืจืคื ื• ืืช ืชืฆืœื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื™ื“ ืœืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื.




ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืžืžืจื™ืฅ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื— ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”' ื‘ืœื™ "ืœื—ืคื•ืจ" ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืจื•ื—. ื”ื ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ืช:

ื™ืžืœื ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช. ื•ื›ืฉื™ืคืชื”ื• ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื—ื• ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื™ืขื ื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื—ืงืจืŸ ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืคื ืื™ ืœื–ื” ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืงื•ื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืข"ื™ ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืคืœืคื•ืœื™ื.
ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžื ื—ื ื‘' (ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื), ืขืžื•ื“ ืฆ"ื’

ื•ืžืจื’ืœื ื‘ืคื•ืžื™ื” ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืฉืžื—ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืงื‘"ื” ืฉื™ืฉืžื— ื›ื ื’ื“ื•:

ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” (ืืžืชื™ืช) ืžืœืžื˜ื” - ืžื•ืกื™ืคื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื›ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ (ืชืฆื•ื” ืงืคื“,ื‘): ืชื ื—ื–ื™ ืื™ ืื™ื”ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื ื‘ื ื”ื™ืจื• ื“ืื ืคื™ืŸ ืžืชืชื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื ื”ืจื™ืŸ ืœื™' ืžืขื™ืœื ื›ื•' ื—ื“ื•ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฉ ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื’ื‘ื™ื” ื—ื“ื•ื ืื—ืจื ืขื™ืœืื”.

ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ื’ืจื•ืจื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืžืื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื ืžืจืฆื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืขื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ:

ืœื”ื–ื›ืจืชื• (ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™') ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ื›ื•' - ืœืคืœื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ืจื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” - ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžืชื›ืกื™ืกื™ื• ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืžืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื•: ื›ื™ ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื•ืœืžื” ื™ืฉืชื“ืœ? ื•ื”ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืจื™ื– (ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœืขืฆืžื•) ืฉืžื™ื•ืืฉ ื”ื•ื, ืจื—ืžื ื ืœื™ืฆืœืŸ.
ืจืื™ื” ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื "ืœ ื‘ื ืžื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข - ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืื•ืฉ ืžืžืขื˜ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชืื•ื•ืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช.

ื•ื‘ืคืชืง ื ื•ืกืฃ:

ื™ืื•ืฉ - ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ืคืš ืืžื•ื ืชื ื• ื•ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื”ื ืงืจืืช ืชื•ืจืช ืืžืช - ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืชืืจืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœืืžืชืชื” ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื• ื•ื›ื•'. ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืขื–ืจ ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื - ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš.

ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜

ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืจื’ืฉ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”' ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ืŸ ืคืจืง ื›"ื’ ื‘ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื - ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ื“ ื”' ืจื•ืขื™ ืœื ืื—ืกืจ ื•ื’ื•', ื•ื›ืš ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืืฉื” ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœืช ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ื•"ืขื™ืŸ ื”ืจืข":

ืข"ืค ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ - ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืชืขืฉื” ื›ื "ืœ, ื•ื”' ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื”:
ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืขื“ ืฉืชื“ืข ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ (ืœืื• ื“ื•ืงื ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช) ืฉืœ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ 23 ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื (ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืง"ืž ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืชืœืžื“).
ืชืืžืจ ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื "ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื‘', ื”', ื‘ืœื™ ื ื“ืจ. ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ - ืชืคืจื™ืฉ ืกืขื ื˜ ืื—ื“ื™ื ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ื‘ืœื™ ื ื“ืจ.
ืœื ืชืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ื›ืœืœ - ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื - ื‘ืื ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ื“ื•ืชื” ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘, ื•ื’ื ืœื ืชืฉืืœื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ, ื›ื™ (ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื”ื "ืœ) ื”' ืขืžื“ื”, ื•ืืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื—ืกื“ ื™ืจื“ืคื•ื” - ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœื™ื”, ื—"ื•, ืžืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ.
ื‘ืื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื™ืชืŸ ืคื™ืœืŸ [ื›ื“ื•ืจื™-] ื”ืจื’ืขื” ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘, ืชืžืœื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•.
ืื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื "ืœ ื•ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื•ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
ืœื‘ืขืœื” ืฉื™' - ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื–ื•ื–ื•ืช ื‘ืื ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื™"ื‘ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
ืื’"ืง ื—ืœืง ื›ื” ืขืžื•ื“ ืจื ื•

ืœืืฉื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืขืฆื” ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืชืงื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจื™ื:

ื™ืฉื ื ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืื“ื - ืฉืžืคื ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” - ืื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ืœืš ื ืคืฉื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืื– ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื (ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื) ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืงื˜ื™ื - ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื›ื•', ื›ื™ ืื ืจืง ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืžื™ื•ืกื“ืช ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžืขืฉื” ื›ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš
ื•ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” (ืœืขืจืš) ืžื‘ืกืก ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืื– ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื•ื›ื•'


ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ื”' ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืœืจื•ืคื
ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ื•ืžืขื ื•ืชื™ื• ืงื• ืื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื”' ืœืฆื“ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคื. ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืกื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ื ืจืื” ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื "ืœ...

ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื, ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืžืื "ืฉ ื‘ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื, ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืœืื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื‘ืงืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ืฉืื– ื™ื•ืจื”ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื— ื”ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืืฆ"ืœ ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื•.
ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืžืžื›ืชื‘ื• ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื”ื™ืคืš ืžื–ื”: ืžืชืขืžืง ื•ืžืฉืงื™ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” "ืžื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื? ืืชืžื•ืœ? ืžื—ืจ ื•ืžื—ืจืชื™ื™ื?", ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืขืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืงื, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืฆืœ ืจื•ืคื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืžืœืืช ืื—ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื•. -
ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื• ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืืคืฉืจ ื™ื ืกื” ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ื”ืฆืขืชื™ ื”ื "ืœ, ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื’ื ื™ื—ื“?
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ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื ื”ื‘ื”ืœื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื•. ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจืชื™ ื•ื’ื ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืœื• ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ื’ื ื”ื“ื’ืฉืชื™ - ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื•, ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื”ืฉื™"ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื•ืฉืจื•ืื” ืื ื™ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื›ืืŸ ืขืฉื” ืœื”ื™ืคืš ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื: ื”ืชืขืžืง ื‘ืžืจื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ (ืžื‘ืœื™ ื˜ืขื ืขืœ ื–ื”), ื•ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืกื“ืจื™ ืื›ื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืชื™ื” ื•ื›ื•' (ื’"ื› ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื˜ืขื ืฉื›ืœื™ ื‘ื–ื”). ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื’ื ืขืชื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืชื• ื–ื•. ื•ืžื” ืชื•ืขื™ืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื ืื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืงื ื”ืคื•ืš?. ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื ืœื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืจื—ื•ืชื™ื•, (ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื ืœืื’"ืง), ืขืžื•ื“ 133, ืขืžื•ื“ 140


ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ื•ืจืฆื” ืœื™ืกื•ืข ืœื—ื•"ืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™:
ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืืจืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืžื ื•ื—ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ.
ืื’"ืง ื—ืœืง ื›ื— ืขืžื•ื“ ืงืฆื—

ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืื”ื‘ืชื• ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื–ื™"ืข ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื“ืื’ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื—ื“ ืฉืฉืืœื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”:

ื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉืจ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื–ื•ืœืชื• - ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืœืืช ื”ื "ืœ ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื ื•ื— ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืœืš ืขืžื•ื“ 21

ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ืกื” ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ:

ื”ืื•ืžื ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื–ืงื•ืง ืื ื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ื•ืœืฉื›ื ื•ืข ืืฉืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืงืจ ืืช ืืจืฆื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืขืžื ื• ืขื ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืืจืฆื• ื‘ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื›ื•' ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ื’ื ื‘ื’ืฉื?
ืื’"ืง ื—ืœืง ื›ื• ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื™ื‘

ื›ืื‘ ืขืฆื•ื ื’ืจืžื• ืœืจื‘ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื, ื—ื•ืง ืžื™ื”ื• ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ (ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืช ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืื•ืฉื™ื”ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื) ื•ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช - ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืจื•ื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉืื”ื‘ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ืœื•ื™ื” ื’ื ื›ืื‘ื• ื”ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืชืง ื”ื—ืจื™ืฃ ื“ืœืงืžืŸ:

ืงื•ืœ ืฉื•ืขืช ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ ื•ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืžืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉื•ืขื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืขืœ ื ืคืœื ื‘ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžื ืชืง ืื•ืชื ืžืžืกื•ืจืช ืื‘ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ืžื™ืคืจ ื“ืช ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื—ื“ื•ืจ ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืคื™ืจื” ืจื—ืžื ื ืœื™ืฆืœืŸ, ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ื“ื” ื•ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืกื™ืกืžืชื ื• ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื•ืงื•ื“ืฉื ื‘ืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ. ื‘ืืจืฆื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ ื›ืขื“ื•ืช ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ื™' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื• ื‘ื” ืžืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ืช ืฉื ื”

ืืฉื” ืฉื‘ืขืœื” ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ืœืจื‘ื™:
ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื™, ื”' ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืขืžื™ื ื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืงืฉื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืจื‘ื™ื. ืืš ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ืื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืงืจื‘ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืชืจืชื™ ืœืœื ืื‘ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ ืžืœืื›ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื ื•ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื. ืงืฉื” ืœื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืขื˜ ืื›ื–ืจ.... ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ืื‘ื™ื”ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”'? ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœ ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ: ืืžื ื›ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื™ื‘ื•ื ื™ืงื•ืžื• ื”ืžืชื™ื ืœืชื—ื™ื” ื•ืื‘ื ื™ื‘ื•ื, ืœืžื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืœื ื‘ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•? ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ืื™ืคื” ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ื ืžืฆื?...
ื•ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืขื•ื ื” (ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ ืžื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืชื•):
ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื™ื• ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ืช - ืชืกื‘ื™ืจื (ื›ืคื™ ื”ืืžืช) ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืœืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœื™ืžื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ื”ื ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื”ืฉื ืฉื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื›ื•' ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืŸ - ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ื ื—ืช ื•ืชืขื ื•ื’ ืœื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื” ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื•ื›ื•'

ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื™ืฉื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ "ืื ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ื›ื— ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืจืขื™ืฉ ื•ืœื–ืขื–ืข ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืœืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืชืชื’ืœื”", ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืฆื“ ื”ื—ืชื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืŸ-ืกื•ืฃ, ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช "ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื“ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ" ื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœ "ืชื•ื”ื•":

ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉ ื•ืืฉื” ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืจืขื™ืฉ ื•ืœื–ืขื–ืข ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช - ื›ื™ ืื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ื™ืช' ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื (ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื‘) - ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจ [ื‘ืื ื™ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื–ื” ื–ืขื–ื•ืข ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื™ื–ื“ืขื–ืขื•], ื•ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืงืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช [ื”ืืฉื”], ืœื›ืœ ืœืจืืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื ื•ืขื ื•ืฉืœื•ื - ืฉื”ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื“ืจื›ื™'ื” ื’ื•' ืฉืœื•ื - ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ (ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•) ื“ื•ืงื, ื”ื™ืคืš ื”ืœืขื•ืžืช-ื–ื” "ื•ืœื ืกื“ืจื™ื", ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžื˜ื” ืžืขืฉืจื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื ืฉืœืฉื ื ืชื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžื ื—ื ื‘', (ืœื™ืงื•ื˜ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื), ืขืžื•ื“ ืฆ

ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจื’ืขื” ืœืื—ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ ืžื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื•:
ืคืกืง ื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจืชื™ื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื ื™ื“ื‘ืจื•
ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืจืื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืคืœื•ื ื™ ืžื•ื ื— ืกื›ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืžืฉื ื•ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื—ืฆื™ ืœืฆื“ืงื” - ื•ืžืฆื ื”ื›ืœ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ - ื™ืงื— ื”ื›ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืฃ ืคืจื•ื˜ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืฆื“ืงื”

ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื

ืœืืฉื” ืื—ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™:
ืชืงืจื ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืืœื™ื” (ื’"ื›) ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื™ืช - ื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืฉืชืฉืžืข ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”"ืžืœืš ื–ืงืŸ ื•ื›ืกื™ืœ" ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ื‘ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืขืžื• - ื›ื™ ืื ืœืขื ื•ืชื• ืฉืขืกื•ืงื” ื‘ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืคื ืื™ ืœืฉื˜ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•.

ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื ื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื›ืžื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืจื‘ื™ "ืกื“ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”" ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ื•ืœื›ืชื‘ ืœืจื‘ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—:
ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ื”ื "ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื ืฆื— ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื:
ื›ืฉืจื•ืื” ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ 3 ืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื•ื”ื• ืื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื›ื ืขื• ื‘ื–ื”

ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžื•ืกื“ ืฉืฉืืœื• ื”ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืจื•ืš "ื“ื™ื ืจ" ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช, ืžื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื ืคืจื“ืช ืชืžื ืข ืžื›ืžื” ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™:
ืœืžื” ื™ื“ื—ื• ื—"ื• ื•ื“ืื™ ื“ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ื - (ื•ื“ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ืฉื™') - ืžืคื ื™ ืกืคืง ื“ืžืžื•ืŸ (ื•ื“ืื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื™') ?!




ืื“ืžื•"ืจื™ ื—ื‘"ื“
ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืงื˜ืข ื ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื—ื•ืชื ื•, ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจื™ื™"ืฆ, ื•"ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ" ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืื“ืžื•"ืจื™ ื—ื‘"ื“ ื›ืœืคื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื”ื. ืงื˜ืข ื–ื” ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืœืื—ื“ ืžืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื:
ื›ื‘ื›ืœ ืื“ืžื•"ืจื™ ื—ื‘"ื“ - ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื™ืฉ (ืžืชื—ื™ืœ - ื‘ืขืฆืžื•) ื‘ืืžื™ืชื™ืช. ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื• ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช, ืœื ื”ืœื ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ (ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืช ื”', ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื•"ืข ื•ื›ื•') ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืชื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื—ื™ื” ื‘ื–ื” (ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ) ื•ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื˜ืขื•ืช ืœืคืจืฉื ืœื”ื™ืคืš. ืœืื—ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื–ื” ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืœื ื’ื•ืข ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™.




ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
ื™ื“ื•ืข ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงืืœืขื“ื– [=ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”] ื‘ื›ืœืœ (ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ืžื•ืจ ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ: ืืœ ืชื‘ื™ืื™ื ื™ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ) - ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื”. ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืฉืจ ืกืงืืœืืจืฉื™ืค [=ืžื™ืœื’ื”] ืื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืœืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืฆื•ื™
ื•ืœืคืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœ: ื”ืื•ืžื ื ืื™ืŸ ืืžื” ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื›ืœืœ ืžื”ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืงืืœืขื“ื–ืฉ (ืฉื ืชืคืจืกื - ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืชืคืจืกื. ื•ืง"ืœ

ืกื’ื•ืœืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ืคืœืื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื”ืฉืชื’ืข ืœื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืจืคื•ืื” ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืจื•ื— ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืžื›ืš:
ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื”ื ื—ืช ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื“ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื”, ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื›ื•'. - ื•ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ื’ื ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช (ื•ืข"ืค ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื”, ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ื’ื ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช - ืžื“ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื“ื”):
(ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื‘ืชื” [ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื”]) ืขื ื™ื ื” - ืื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช (ื“ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”) ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื - ืœื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื” "ืจื•ืื”" ื•ืชื•ืคืก ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืฉื›ืœื• ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื: 1. ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืืฆืœื• (ืžื“ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœืจืื™ื™ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื•) ืคื—ื“, ื™ืจืื” ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื–ื™ืงื• ื•ื›ื•'. 2. ืžื–ืžืŸ ืœื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ื™ืคืš: ืžืคื—ื“ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช - ืœืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื— ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ื•ื›ื•'. ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ื•ื›ื•'
ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ - ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื• ืก ื’ ื• ืœ ืช ื”: ืœืฉืขื‘ื“ ื”ืœื‘ (ื”ืžื“ื•ืช) ื•ื”ืžื•ื— (ืฉื›ืœ) ืœืืœืงื™ื ืืžืช ืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ ืื ื™ ื”' ืœื ืฉื ื™ืชื™ - ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื: ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ื•'.
ืื–ื›ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ.

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”
ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”:
ื. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืืจื™ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื• ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื•ืœืœ (ื‘ืื”"ืง ืช"ื•, ืื• ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ืฉืข"ืค ื›ืชื‘ื• ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžื—ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™' ื‘ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ) - ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื - ื›ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”: ื‘- ื’ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืขืช ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”.
ื‘. ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ื–ื” - ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื - ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ื–ื•.


ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื
ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ืœื“ื•ืืจ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื• ื•ืคื•ืชื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ื ื›ื ืก, ื•ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื' ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•:
ืงื•ืจื ืื ื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืžื™, ื•ื’ื ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.. ื•ื›ื ื”ื•ื’ ืžื™ืžื™ื ื™ืžื™ืžื” ื•ืžื“ื•ืจื•ืช
ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืœืจื‘ื™, ืžื›ืชื‘ ื˜"ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉื›"ื
ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ืžืื•ืช ื•ืืœืคื™ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ืจืžื• ืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืขื ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืชืขื›ื‘, ื•ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื”ืจื‘ื™ ืขื ื” ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ืชื• ื ืžืขืŸ. ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžื›ืชื‘ ืžื™"ื“ ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉื™"ื’ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื™ ืชืžื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื•ื“:
ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื ื ื™ ื‘ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืขื ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื”ื ืžื™' ื•ื›"ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ, ื˜"ื– (ื‘' ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื) ื•ื›"ื ื›ืกืœื•, ื’', ื•' ื•ื™"ื‘ ื˜ื‘ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืคื™ื ืืœื™ื”ื, ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืขื ื• ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื, ื•ื–ืืช ืœืžื•ื“ืขื™ ืืฉืจ ืื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืชืขื›ื‘ ื”ืžืขื ื” ืฉืœื™, ื”ืจื™ ืจื•ื‘ื ื“ืจื•ื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืžืคื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืกื‘ื‘ื•ื ื™, ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ืคืจื•ืฉื™ื ืฆื“ื“ื™ื™ื. ื•ืื‘ื•ื ื‘ื–ื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื›ื•'.
ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืขื•ื ื” ืœื”ื ืขืœ ืฉืืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื›"ื“ (!) ืกืขื™ืคื™ื
ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ืจื” ืžื—ืชื•ื ืช ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืคื™ืŸ

ื”ืขืจืฆืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื’ืฆ'ื•ื‘ื™
ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื–ื™"ืข ืœื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฆ'ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ืชื•ืจืชื• ืœื ื™ื“ืขื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ืžืฉื—ืจ ื ืขื•ืจื™ื• ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืขื ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืžืื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืชื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืจื™ื ืชืฉืž"ื– ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฆ'ื•ื‘ื™ ื›ืื—ื“ ืžืกื™ืžื ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”!
ื”ืขืจืฆืชื• ืœืชื•ืจืช ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืœืื—ื“ ืžืขื•ืจื›ื™ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืจื’ืฆ'ื•ื‘ื™ (ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื˜ืจืฉื ืกืงื™):
ืชืฉื•ืืช ื—ืŸ ื›ืคื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื“ืคืกืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื˜ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ืชืฆื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ื "ืœ. ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืืจ "ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื" ื”ื•ืœืžื ื•ืžื›ื™ืœื, ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืฉืœื ื‘ืขืจืš ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืœืช "ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ". ื•ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช, ืžืœืื™ื ื”ื ืื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืœื ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ื”ื ื” ื•ื›ื”ื ื” ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื™ืœื ื• ื”ื›ืœื™ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืœืžืขืœื”.
ืื’"ืง ื—ืœืง ื›"ื’ ืขืžื•ื“ ืฉื˜"ื–

ืžื™ ืจืื” ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืœื ืžืคืจืื’?
ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืฆืืฆื ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืžืคืจืื’ (ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™, ื‘ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืŸ, ืœืžื”ืจ"ืœ. ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืœืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ื–ืงืŸ). ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื ื“ื™ืจื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืžืคืงืคืง ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ:
ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกืคืจ ื ืคืœืื•ืช ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื•ื”ืื’ืจืช ื•ื›ื•' ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ - ืœื ืขื™ื™ื ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ืœื ืื™ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ื“ืขืช ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืœืœ.
ื•ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ (ืฉื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืœื) - ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžื›"ืง ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ื—ืžื™ ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืฉืจืื” ื”ื ืฉืืจ ืžืžื ื• - ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื“ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื‘ืคืจืื’. ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืขื ืื‘ื™ื• ื›"ืง ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื "ืข ื•ื›ื•'.
ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ื‘ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื "ืœ - ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืขื™ืงืจ, ื›ื™ ืžื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื "ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ืขืฉื” ื’ื•ืœื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• - ืืฆืœ ื”ืื™ื ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช (ื›ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื ืฆืงืœื•ืคื“ื™ื•ืช)
ื”ืคืกืง ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข: ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ืš ื“ืขื”ื•. ืžื” ื™ืชื•ืกืฃ ืืฆืœื• (ื”ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉื™') ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ื "ืœ?
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il