ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ
  • ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš
undefined
11 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื‘ืก"ื“ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืžืคื˜ื™ืจ ืจื‡ื ึดึผื™ ื•ึฐืฉึดื‚ืžึฐื—ึดื™ ื‘ึทึผืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื‘)
ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš
ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื“ื™ื•ืžื ืžืžืคืจืฉื™ ื•ืžื“ืจืฉื™ ื—ื–"ืœ
ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš 136 ืคืกื•ืงื™ื = ื—ึดื–ึฐืงึดื™ึธึผื”ื•ึผ
ืฉึดืืฉึธึผืื” ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืขึธืฉึธื‚ื” ื—ึดื–ึฐืงึดื™ึธึผื” ื”ึทืžึถึผืœึถืšึฐ; ืขึทืœ ืฉึฐืืœึนืฉึธืื” ื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืฉึฐืืœึนืฉึธืื” ืœึนื ื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน. ืขึดื‘ึตึผืจ ื ึดื™ืกึธืŸ ื‘ึฐึผื ึดื™ืกึธืŸ, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื”ื•ึนื“ื•ึผ ืœื•ึน. (ืžืฉื ื” ืคืกื—ื™ื ื“ ื˜)
ื‘ืคืจืฉื” 5 ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ 3 ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื•-2 ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœื ืชืขืฉื” (ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš).
ืขืฉื”: ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื™"ื“ ืื™ื™ืจ โ—™ ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™ ืฉื™ืื›ืœื• ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ืžืจื•ืจื™ื โ—™ ืชืงื™ืขืช ื—ืฆื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”. ืœื ืชืขืฉื”: ืฉืœื ืœื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ื›ืœื•ื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™ ืœืžื—ืจืชื• โ—™ ืฉืœื ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆื ืžืขืฆืžื•ืช ืคืกื— ืฉื ื™.

ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ื–ื• ื ืงืจืืช ื’ื ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” โ€“ ื•ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืจื‡ื ึดึผื™ ื•ึฐืฉึดื‚ืžึฐื—ึดื™ ื‘ึทึผืช ืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸ ืœื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื, ื›ื™ ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืงืื™ ืขืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื“ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื ืงืจืืช ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื ืงืจืืช ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื’ื ื‘ื”ืคื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื”ืขืœื•ืชืš, ืฉื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจืชื™ื ื•, ื“ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื™ ื—ึตืจื•ึผืช, ืฉึถืืึตื™ืŸ ืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึถึผืŸ ื—ื•ึนืจึดื™ืŸ ืึถืœึธึผื ืžึดื™ ืฉึถืืขื•ึนืกึตืง ื‘ึฐึผืชึทืœึฐืžื•ึผื“ ืชึผื•ึนืจึธื”. ืœืคื™ ืฉื ืจื•ืช ืงืื™ ืขืœ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืž"ืฉ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›) ื ึตืจ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ื ึดืฉึฐืืžึทืช ืึธื“ึธื, ื“ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื ืจ ื”ื•ื™'ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืฉืžื” ืžืื™ืจื” (ืžืฉืคืขืช) ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื™' ื•ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉ ืขื”"ืค ื‘ึฐึผื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืชึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึตึผืจึนืช ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจื™ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื—ื’ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ืขื˜ืจื” ืฉืขื˜ืจื” ืœื• ืืžื•. ืฉื”ืžืฉื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืืชืขืจื•ืชื ื“ืœืขื™ืœื ืฉืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ื•ื ืžืฉื›ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืชืขืจื•ืชื ื“ืœืชืชื. (ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืžื”ื•ืจื™ื™"ืฆ ื "ืข)

ื˜"ื• ืกื™ื•ืŸ โ€“ ื™ื•ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืœื™ื“ืชื• ื•ื™ื•ืžื ื“ื”ื™ืœื•ืœื ื“ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื”, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืœื›ืœ ื—ื™, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืข"ื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืžื˜, ื—-ื™ื‘) (ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช)
ืกื’ื•ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื–ื”:
1. ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื ืฉืžืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื•ืœื•ืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ื ื™ ืžื“ืœื™ืง/ื” ื ืจ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉืžืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื•.
2. ืœืชืช ืคืจื•ื˜ื” ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืœื•ืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ื ื™ ื ื•ืชื /ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉืžืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื•.
3. ืœื•ืžืจ ืคืกื•ืงื™ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื, (ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ืงื™"ื˜) ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื ืฉืžื” ื•ืœืคืชื•ื— ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื:
ื”ืจื™ื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ/ืช ืคืกื•ืงื™ ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉืžืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ืชื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื•.

ื“ึทึผื‘ึตึผืจ ืึถืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึฐึผื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืชึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึตึผืจึนืช ืึถืœ ืžื•ึผืœ ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”ึทืžึฐึผื ื•ึนืจึธื” ื™ึธืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื”ึทื ึตึผืจื•ึนืช. ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืฉึตื‚ื” ื”ึทืžึฐึผื ึนืจึธื” ืžึดืงึฐืฉึธืื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืขึทื“ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ึธื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ืคึดึผืจึฐื—ึธื”ึผ ืžึดืงึฐืฉึธืื” ื”ึดื•ื (ื— ื‘-ื“)
ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื› ื›ื–) ื ึตืจ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ื ึดืฉึฐืืžึทืช ืึธื“ึธื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืชื”ื ื ืฉืžืชื• ืžืื™ืจื” ืžืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ื’ื•ืฃ ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื›ืฆื•ืจืช ืžื ื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช, ื•ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืฉืœ ืชื—ืชื™ื”. ื›ืŸ ื”ืื“ื: ื‘ืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืื–ื ื™ื. ื•ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืœื‘, ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”. ื•ื’ื‘ื”ื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื•ืจื” ื—"ื™ ื˜ืคื—ื™ื, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืืžื•ืช ื›ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื“ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™. ื•ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžึดืงึฐืฉึธืื” ื“ื”ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื—ืช, ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื™ื˜ ื™ื—) ื•ึฐืึธื”ึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืœึฐืจึตืขึฒืšึธ ื›ึธึผืžื•ึนืšึธ. ืขึทื“ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ึธื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ืคึดึผืจึฐื—ึธื”ึผ, ืžื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ.
ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ึทื™ึทึผืขึทืฉื‚ ื›ึตึผืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืœ ืžื•ึผืœ ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”ึทืžึฐึผื ื•ึนืจึธื” ื•ื’ื•' ืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ - ืœึฐื”ึทื’ึดึผื™ื“ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐื—ื•ึน ืฉึถืืœ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ, ืฉึถืืœึนึผื ืฉึดืื ึธึผื”.
ื•ืงืฉื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ื— ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ืคืฉื™ื˜ื? ืื• ืœืžื” ืžื’ื™ื“ ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•? ืืœื ืœื ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื“ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื“ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ ืื•ึนื”ึตื‘ ืฉึธืืœื•ึนื ื•ึฐืจื•ึนื“ึตืฃ ืฉึธืืœื•ึนื (ืื‘ื•ืช ืค"ื ืžื™"ื‘). (ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืœ"ื”)

ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ืžึทืขึฒืฉึตื‚ื” ื”ึทืžึฐึผื ึนืจึธื” ืžึดืงึฐืฉึธืื” ื–ึธื”ึธื‘ ืขึทื“ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ึธื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ืคึดึผืจึฐื—ึธื”ึผ ืžึดืงึฐืฉึธืื” ื”ึดื•ื. (ื— ื“)
ื”ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ืžืจืžื–ืช ืขืœ ืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื• ื›ื’) ื›ึดึผื™ ื ึตืจ ืžึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื•ึฐืชื•ึนืจึธื” ืื•ึนืจ.
ื”ื‘ื” ื ืžื ื” ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ืžืฉืช ื—ื•ืžืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ื’ืœื” ืจืžื– ืœืคืจื˜ ืื—ืจ ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืžื ื•ืจื”.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช: 7 ืžื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ 7 ืงื ื™ื.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช: 11 ืžื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ืžื ื™ืŸ 11 ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื•ื™ืงืจื: 9 ืžื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ 9 ืคืจื—ื™ื.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ: 17 ืžื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ 7 ื ืจื•ืช, 5 ืžืœืงื—ื™ื, 5 ืžื—ืชื•ืช.
ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื: 22 ืžื™ืœื™ื โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ 22 ื’ื‘ื™ืขื™ื.
[ืžื ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืชืฉืข, ื›ื™ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืชืฉืขื” ื™ื•ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืชื•ืจื”. (ืžื ื—ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”) ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื’ ื™ื‘) ืชึทึผืขึทื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืขึทืœ ื”ึธื”ึธืจ ื”ึทื–ึถึผื”. ื“ื”ื ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืž"ื˜ ืฉืขืจื™ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืจื—ืžื™ื• ื•ื—ืกื“ื™ื• ื’ืืœื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืจื‘ื ืชื—ืช ื›ื ืคื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืฆืจืš ืœื”ื ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื–' ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ื–' ื ืงื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงืจื‘ื ืชื—ืช ื›ื ืคื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ืชึทึผืขึทื‘ึฐื“ื•ึผืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื, ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืขื‘ื“ื• ื ื•"ืŸ. (ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืืจื™ื–"ืœ)]
ืขืœ ื–ืืช ืจืžื– ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ืืžืจื•: ืคึตึผืชึทื— ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึถื™ืšึธ โ€“ ื™ึธืึดื™ืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื™ื˜ ืงืœ). ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืชื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื•ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืžื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึถื™ืšึธ โ€“ ื™ึธืึดื™ืจ ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ. (ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื) ื”ึทื ึตึผืจื•ึนืช ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื ' ืชื•ืจื”, ืจ"ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื ' ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืกื— ืœืขืฆืจืช. (ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืคืจื™ื)
ื”ึทื ึตึผืจื•ึนืช ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื ' ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืขืจื™ ื‘ื™ื ื”. ื™ึธืึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื”ึทื ึตึผืจื•ึนืช ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืœื, ื•ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ึฐึผื”ึทืขึฒืœึนืชึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึตึผืจึนืช ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื—ืกืจ, ื›ื™ ื ืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื ืจ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื›ื•ืœื. ื”ึทื ึตึผืจื•ึนืช ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืœื ืจืžื– ืฉืฉืฉื” ื ืจื•ืช ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™. (ืฉืคืชื™ ื›ื”ืŸ)

ืงึทื— ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื˜ึดื”ึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื. (ื— ื•)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื—, ื•-ื›ื‘) ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ืžืชื•ื›ื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื ืืžืจ (ื— ื˜) ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืœืจืžื– ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืœื›ืœื™ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขื’ืœ, ืจืง ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืงื ืื• ืœืฉืžื• ืชื‘ืจืš, ื•ื ืชื›ืคืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ื™"ื’ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื—ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžืฉื”. ื•ื–ื”ื• ื•ึผืœึฐื›ึทืคึตึผืจ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ. ืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื ืืžืจ ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ, ื‘ื–ื” ื ื›ืœืœื• ื’ื ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื—ื˜ืื• ื‘ืขื’ืœ. (ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื”)

ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“ ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐื”ึทืœึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื›ื‡ึผืœ ืขึฒื“ึทืช ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ. (ื— ื˜) ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ื•ึฐืกึธืžึฐื›ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ืึถืช ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื. (ื— ื™)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืืฆืœ ื”ืœื•ื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืชื ื•ืคื” ื•ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื˜ื”ืจื”. ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“, ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึทืขึฒืžึทื“ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ื’ื•' ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื. ื•ึฐื”ึตื ึดื™ืฃ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืชึฐึผื ื•ึผืคึธื” ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึตื ึทืคึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื ืชึฐึผื ื•ึผืคึธื” ืœึทึฝื™-ื”ึนื•ึธึฝื”, ื•ึฐื˜ึดึฝื”ึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื ื•ึฐื”ึตื ึทืคึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื ืชึฐึผื ื•ึผืคึธึฝื”.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื ื˜ืžืื• ื‘ื—ืจื‘, ืื—ืช ื›ืฉืžืœื• ืืช ืื ืฉื™ ืฉื›ื ื‘ื—ืจื‘, ืฉื”ืื™ื–ืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื ืงืจื ื—ืจื‘ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื” ื‘) ืขึฒืฉึตื‚ื” ืœึฐืšึธ ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ื•ึนืช ืฆึปืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ ืžึนืœ ืึถืช ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ื’ื•', ื•ืื—ืช ื›ืฉื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื“ ื›ื”) ื•ึทื™ึดึผืงึฐื—ื•ึผ ืฉึฐืื ึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืœึตื•ึดื™ ืึฒื—ึตื™ ื“ึดื™ื ึธื” ืึดื™ืฉื ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึน ื•ื’ื•' ื•ึทื™ึทึผื”ึทืจึฐื’ื•ึผ ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื–ึธื›ึธืจ, ื•ืื—ืช ื‘ืขื’ืœ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื‘ ื›ื–) ืฉึดื‚ื™ืžื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึน ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐืจึตื›ื•ึน ื•ื’ื•', ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืชื ื•ืคื”, ื•ืœื–ื” ืืžืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“, ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื•ืืžืจ ื•ึฐื”ึดืงึฐืจึทื‘ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึทืขึฒืžึทื“ึฐืชึธึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ื•ึฐืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื‘ึธื ึธื™ื• ื•ื’ื•' ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื. ื•ืœื–ื” ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื”ื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ื˜ื”ืจื”, (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื— ื•) ืงึทื— ืึถืช ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืžึดืชึผื•ึนืšึฐ ื‘ึฐึผื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื˜ึดื”ึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื, (ืฉื ื— ื–) ื•ึฐื›ึดื‘ึฐึผืกื•ึผ ื‘ึดื’ึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐื”ึดื˜ึถึผื”ึธืจื•ึผ, ื•ึฐืึทื—ึฒืจึตื™ ื›ึตืŸ ื™ึธื‘ึนืื•ึผ ื”ึทืœึฐื•ึดื™ึดึผื ืœึทืขึฒื‘ึนื“ ืึถืช ืึนื”ึถืœ ืžื•ึนืขึตื“ ื•ึฐื˜ึดื”ึทืจึฐืชึธึผ ืึนืชึธื. (ืฉืคืชื™ ื›ื”ืŸ)

ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืื›ึธึผืŸ ื›ึดึผืกึธึผื” ื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืื›ึธึผืŸ ืœึฐืึนื”ึถืœ ื”ึธืขึตื“ึปืช ื•ึผื‘ึธืขึถืจึถื‘ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืžึดึผืฉึฐืื›ึธึผืŸ ื›ึฐึผืžึทืจึฐืึตื” ืึตืฉื ืขึทื“ ื‘ึนึผืงึถืจ. (ื˜ ื˜ื•)
ืึธืžึทืจ ืึทื‘ึผึธื™ึตื™: ืžึดื ึผึทื™ึดืŸ ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐื™ึทืŸ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ื‘ึผึทืœึผึทื™ึฐืœึธื”? ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: 'ื•ึผื‘ึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึธืงึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธืŸ' โ€“ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ืžึฐืงึดื™ืžื•ึน, ื‘ึผึทืœึผึทื™ึฐืœึธื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืžึฐืงึดื™ืžื•ึน. (ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื˜ื•:)


ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ืœื™ืœื” ืจืžื– ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืืœ ื™ืื™ืฆื• ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืขื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืึดื ืชึธึผืขึดื™ืจื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดื ืชึฐึผืขื•ึนืจึฐืจื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉึถืืชึถึผื—ึฐืคึธึผืฅ (ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื’, ื”). ืื™ ื ืžื™ ื”ื˜ืขื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœึนื ืชึทื—ึฐืกึนื ืฉืื•ึนืจ ื‘ึฐึผื“ึดื™ืฉืื•ึน (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื”, ื“) ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจื• (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืคืื” ื—, ื—) ื“ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื’ื“ื™ื™ ืœื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื ืฉืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”. (ื‘ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื™ื“ืข ืฉื)

ื”ึฒืฆึนืืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึธืงึธืจ ื™ึดืฉึธึผืื—ึตื˜ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึผืžึธืฆึธื ืœึธื”ึถื ืึดื ืึถืช ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื“ึฐึผื’ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผื ื™ึตืึธืกึตืฃ ืœึธื”ึถื ื•ึผืžึธืฆึธื ืœึธื”ึถื. (ื™ื ื›ื‘)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉืืœืช ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ืžืกื•ืคืง ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื—ืœื™ืœื”.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืžืจ ืืชื” ืืกืจืช ืœื”ื ื‘ืฉืจ ืชืื•ื” ื›ื™ ืื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืืœื ื’' ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืื”ืจืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื [ื—ื–ื” ื•ืฉื•ืง ืฉื ืชืŸ ืžื”ืŸ ืœื›ื”ืŸ] ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื™ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื”ื›ืœ. ืึดื ืึถืช ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื“ึฐึผื’ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผื ื‘ื ื™ื—ื•ืชื ื•ึผืžึธืฆึธื ืœึธื”ึถื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”. ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ื”ึฒื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ืชึดึผืงึฐืฆึธืจ ืฉืืชืŸ ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฉืœื™ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ืงืจื‘ืŸ. (ื“ืขืช ื–ืงื ื™ื, ืคืขื ื— ืจื–ื, ืคื ื™ ื“ื•ื“)
ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ - ืฉืขืœ ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืืžืจ ืžืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ื™ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ืกืคื•ืงื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื’ื™ื ืื ืœื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก ื•ื›ืคื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื ืก ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ื ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื˜ืจื™ื—ื• ื‘ืชืœื•ื ืชื ืœื‘ื•ืจืื, ื•ืข"ื› ืืžืจ ืฉึตืืฉื ืžึตืื•ึนืช ืึถืœึถืฃ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึดื™ ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ืœืขื ืจื‘ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื•ืชืจืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื”ื ืก ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืชื ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืชื›ืŸ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”' ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉืงืฆืจื” ื™ื“ ื”' ืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ืื‘ื“ื• ื”ื ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ืฉืงืฆืจื” ื™ื“ ื”'. (ื›ืœื™ ื™ืงืจ)
ื"ื  โ€“ ืžืฉื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืื ื”' ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ืฆืืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ืฉืชืกืคื™ืง ืœืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื, ื™ืชืžืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื• ื‘ื“ื ื•ืœื›ืœื•ืš ืข"ื™ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ืช ื›"ื› ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืึถืช ื›ื‡ึผืœ ื“ึฐึผื’ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”, ืž"ืž ืขืฆื ื”ืืกื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื›"ื› ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื’ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ืจื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ื "ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื•. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžืฉื” ืœืงื‘"ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ืฆืืŸ ื•ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื”, ืืš ื•ึผืžึธืฆึธื ืœึธื”ึถื โ€“ ืฉื™ืื›ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ื•ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ืžืขื™ื”ื, ื•ื›ืš ืœื ืชืชืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•ื”ืžื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืชืชืžืœื ืžืฉืืœืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืขื ื” ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” โ€“ 'ื”ึฒื™ึทื“ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ืชึดึผืงึฐืฆึธืจ' ? ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื— ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืชืกืคื™ืง ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืชืชืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•ื”ืžื” ื•ื’ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ืจื— ื‘ืืกื™ืคืชื. ื•ืืžื ื ื›ืš ืขืฉื” ื”ืฉื™"ืช, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™ื• ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžื—ื ื”, ื•ื‘ืื›ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื–ื•ื”ืžื” ื•ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจื— ื‘ืืกื™ืคืชื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืจื•ื— ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉื ืฉืื” ืื•ืชื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื. (ืื“ืจืช ืืœื™ื”ื•)
ื"ื  ืžืฉื” ืืžืจ ืœื”' ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ืš ืฉืืชื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืขื ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืคื™ ืชืื•ืชื, ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื–ืงื ื™ื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœื›ืš, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื‘ื™ื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉืจ ืœืฉืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ. (ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ื ื™, ืื‘ืจื‘ื ืืœ)
ื"ื  ืœืžื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื”ืฉืœื™ื•, ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžืฉื” ืืชื” ืืžืจืช ื”ึฒืฆึนืืŸ ื•ึผื‘ึธืงึธืจ ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ื“ึฐึผื’ึตื™ ื”ึทื™ึธึผื ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื, ื—ื™ื™ืš ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืœื ื ื‘ืจื ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ื•ืœื›ืš ื ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ืจืื• ืžืŸ ื”ืจืงืง. (ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืคืจื™ื)

ื•ึทื™ึธึผืจื‡ืฅ ื”ึทื ึทึผืขึทืจ ื•ึทื™ึทึผื’ึตึผื“ ืœึฐืžึนืฉึถืื” ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึทืจ ืึถืœึฐื“ึธึผื“ ื•ึผืžึตื™ื“ึธื“ ืžึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึฐึผืึดื™ื ื‘ึทึผืžึทึผื—ึฒื ึถื”. (ื™ื ื›ื–) ืคืจืฉ"ื™ - ื™ึตืฉื ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื, ื’ึตึผืจึฐืฉืื•ึนื ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื”ึธื™ึธื”. (ืชื ื—ื•ืžื)
ื—ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืคืจืฉื” โ€“ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืจืžื•ื– ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ืฉื”ื ืขืจ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”?
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื•ึทื™ึธึผืจื‡ืฅ ื”ึทื ึทึผืขึทืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื 'ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื’ื™ื“' (631) ื‘ื“ืงื“ื•ืง. (ืคื ื™ ื“ื•ื“)

ื•ึฐื”ึธืึดื™ืฉื ืžึนืฉึถืื” ืขึธื ึธื• ืžึฐืึนื“ ืžึดื›ึนึผืœ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืึฒืฉึถืืจ ืขึทืœ ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื”. (ื™ื‘ ื’) ืคืจืฉ"ื™ - ืฉึธืืคึธืœ ื•ึฐืกึทื‘ึฐืœึธืŸ. ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื™ื•ื—ืก ื›ืชื‘, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืฉื•ืŸ 'ืขื ื™' ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื•ื›ื ืข ื•ืฉืคืœ.
ื•ื”ืขืžืง ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืืจ, ืฉ'ืขื ื™ื•' ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ืฆืขืจื•, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืขืœืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืœื™ ื—ืฉืฉ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•.
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืขึธื ึธื• ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื—ืกืจ ื™'.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื ื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืื‘ืจื™ื•. ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขึธื ึธื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืืชืŸ ืขื™"ืŸ ื ื•"ืŸ ื•"ื• ืชืžืฆื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืจืž"ื— ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื. (ื“ืขืช ื–ืงื ื™ื)
ื"ื  ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื™ืกืจ ืื•ืช ื™ื•"ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืฉ"ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืืžืจ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื›) ื”ึฒืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืกึถึผืœึทืข ื”ึทื–ึถึผื” ื ื•ึนืฆึดื™ื ืœึธื›ึถื ืžึธื™ึดื, ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉ"ื™ ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื—ืกืจ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ืžื“ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื“ื”. (ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™)
ื"ื  ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขื ื•ื” ื•ื“ื™ืœื’ ื”ื™ื•"ื“, ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืข ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขื ื•ื” ืœื›ื•ืชื‘ื•. ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืœืžืฉื” ืžื” ื›ืชื‘ืช ื”ืœื ื—ืกืจืช ื™ื•"ื“ ืื—ืช ืžื›ื‘ื•ื“ืš, ื—ื™ื™ืš ืฉืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžึฐืึนื“ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ืš. (ื”ืจื"ืฉ)
ื"ื  ืขึธื ึธื• ืžึฐืึนื“ ื—ืกืจ ื™', ืื—ืจ ื™' ื”ื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืขึธื ึธื•, ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืงื›"ื• ื™ืžื™ื, ื’' ืคืขืžื™ื ืž' ื™ืžื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื›ึทืกึตึผื”ื•ึผ ื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืฉึตืืฉึถืืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“), ื•ื›ืŸ ืขึธื ึธื• ืกื•ืคื™ ื”' ื—ื•ืžืฉื™ื, ื‘ึฐึผืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืžึทืกึฐืขึตื™ื”ึถื ืกึดื™ื ึธื™ ื™ึฐืจึตื—ึฝื•ึน ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตึฝืœ ื”ืจื™ ืžืžื™ื•"ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืงื›"ื•. ืขึธื ึธื• ื›ืชื™ื‘ - ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ื• ื›ืื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช. (ื”ืจื•ืงื—) ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื’ืžื•ืจ ืžื•ืœ ื‘ื•ืจืื ื•ื‘ื”ื›ื ืขื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืœืงื™ื•ืžื•. ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื›ืขึธืคึธืจ ื•ึธืึตืคึถืจ ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชืคืจืกืžื•, ื•ืจืื• ืืช ื”ื–ื•ืœืช ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื. ืขึธื ึธื• ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ (126), ืœื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืขื ื™ (130). (ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืืคืจื™ื)
ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื” ืขื ื• ื›ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช? ืชืดืœ ืžึดื›ึนึผืœ ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืžืื“ื ืืžืจื• ื•ืœื ืžืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื ื• ื›ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืชืดืœ ืขึทืœ ืคึฐึผื ึตื™ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื” ืžื“ื•ืจื• ืืžืจื• ื•ืœื ืžื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื. (ืคืจืงื™ ื“ืจ"ื ืคืจืง ื˜)

ื•ึฐื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืกึธืจ ืžึตืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืคึถืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืœ ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืžึฐืฆึนืจึธืขึทืช. (ื™ื‘ ื™)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื” ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืžื•ืช (ื“ ื•) ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ื™ึธื“ื•ึน ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’. ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ืœืžื” ืœื™.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืื™ืชื ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ืŸ (ื˜ื–.) ืขึทืœ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื ึฐื’ึธืขึดื™ื ื‘ึผึธืึดื™ืŸ โ€” ืขึทืœ ืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืจึธืข, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืคึดื™ื›ื•ึผืช ื“ึผึธืžึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐื‘ื•ึผืขึทืช ืฉืึธื•ึฐื, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื’ึผึดื™ืœึผื•ึผื™ ืขึฒืจึธื™ื•ึนืช, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื’ึผึทืกึผื•ึผืช ื”ึธืจื•ึผื—ึท, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ื”ึทื’ึผึธื–ึตืœ, ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืฆึธืจื•ึผืช ื”ึธืขึทื™ึดืŸ. ื•ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืขื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืืžืื™ ืขื•ื ืฉื ืฉื•ื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื ื’ืขื™ื. ืืœื ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ ื ื’ืขื™ื ื”ืื—ื“ ื‘ึทึผื”ึถืจึถืช โ€“ ืขึทื–ึธึผื” ื›ึทึผืฉึถึผืืœึถื’, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื ื” ืœื‘ื ื”. ืฉืึฐื ึดื™ึผึธื” ืœึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืกึดื™ื“ ื”ึทื”ึตื™ื›ึธืœ. [ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืึตืช ื›ึผึดืงึฐืจื•ึผื ื‘ึผึตื™ืฆึธื”, ืฉืึฐื ึดื™ึผึธื” ืœึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืฆึถืžึถืจ ืœึธื‘ึธืŸ.[ ื•ื›ื•'. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื›"ื ืกืคื—ืช ื”ื’' ืฉื—ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื›ื•ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื' ื“' ื ืชืง ื‘ืจืืฉ ืื• ื‘ื–ืงืŸ ื”' ื”ืงืจื—ืช ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื—ืช ื•' ื ื’ืขื™ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื–' ื ื’ืขื™ ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืฉื ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืœื›"ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืืชื• ื•ืกื™ืžื ื™ื•. ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ ื ื’ืขื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื›ืคื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืงืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื ื‘ื”ืจืช ืขื–ื” ื›ืฉืœื’. ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžืจื™ื ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ืจ"ืœ ืฉื”ื ื’ืข ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื ืขืœ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื” ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืจืข ืขืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ืคื™ืจืฉ"ื™ ืจึธืžึทื– ืœื•ึน ืฉึถืืœึธึผืฉืื•ึนืŸ ื”ึธืจึทืข ืกึดืคึตึผืจ, ื‘ึฐึผืึธืžึฐืจื•ึน: 'ืœึนื ื™ึทืึฒืžึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืœึดื™'. (ืคืจื“ืก ืฉืžืื™)
ื•ึฐื”ึถืขึธื ึธืŸ ืกึธืจ ืžึตืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึนื”ึถืœ ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ื•ึทื™ึดึผืคึถืŸ ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ ืึถืœ ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึตึผื” ืžึฐืฆึนืจึธืขึทืช. (ื™ื‘ ื™)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื‘ืจื™ืฉื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžึฐืฆึนืจึทืขึทืช ื›ึทึผืฉึธึผืืœึถื’ ื•ื‘ืกื™ืคื ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืจืง ืžึฐืฆึนืจึธืขึทืช.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ ืขืœ ืžืจื™ื ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืคึผึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื“ึผื•ึนืžึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึทืฆึผื‡ื”ึณืจึทื™ึดื (ืกื•ื˜ื” ื™ื‘.) ื•ืืžืจื• ื‘ืžืฉื ื” (ื ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ ื) ื‘ึทึผื”ึถืจึถืช ืขึทื–ึธึผื” ื ึดืจึฐืึตื™ืช ื‘ึทึผื’ึถึผืจึฐืžึทื ึดึผื™ ื›ึตึผื”ึธื”, ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื‘ื”ืจืช ืขื–ื” ื›ืฉืœื’ ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™, ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ื‘ื‘ืฉืจื” ื›ืกื™ื“ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื–ื” ื›ืฉืœื’. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืœื’ ืจืง ื ืžื•ืš ืžื–ื”. (ืžืฉืš ื—ื›ืžื”)

ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื•ึฐืึธื‘ึดื™ื”ึธ ื™ึธืจึนืง ื™ึธืจึทืง ื‘ึฐึผืคึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื”ึฒืœึนื ืชึดื›ึธึผืœึตื ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืžึดื—ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทืžึทึผื—ึฒื ึถื” ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ืชึตึผืึธืกึตืฃ. (ื™ื‘ ื™ื“)
ืคืจืฉ"ื™ โ€“ ืงึทืœ ื•ึธื—ึนืžึถืจ ืœึทืฉึฐึผืื›ึดื™ื ึธื” ืึทืจึฐื‘ึธึผืขึธื” ืขึธืฉึธื‚ืจ ื™ื•ึนื! ืึถืœึธึผื ื“ึทึผื™ึผื•ึน ืœึทื‘ึธึผื ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื“ึดึผื™ืŸ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ื›ึทึผื ึดึผื“ึผื•ึนืŸ; ืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ืึทืฃ ื‘ึดึผื ึฐื–ึดื™ืคึธืชึดื™, 'ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื'.
ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ )ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™ื—:) ืžึดื™ืœึผึฐืชึธื ื“ึผึฐืึธืชึฐื™ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืงึทืœ ื•ึธื—ื•ึนืžึถืจ ื˜ึธืจึทื— ื•ึฐื›ึธืชึตื‘ ืœึทื”ึผ ืงึฐืจึธื. ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืœืžื“ ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ โ€” ื˜ืจื— ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืœื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงืจื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ.
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ืชืžื•ื” ืœืžื” ืœื ื• ืงืจื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื“ืืชื™ื ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ. ื•ื’ื ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื™"ื’ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื“ืงื™"ืœ (ืžื›ื•ืช ื”:) 'ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนื ึฐืฉืึดื™ืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื“ึผึดื™ืŸ' ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื“ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืœืžื“ ื‘ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ, ืืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื–ื”. ื“ื“ื™ืœืžื ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื” ืคื™ืจื›ื ืœืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™"ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ื™ืฉื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ืžืงืจื ืžืœื ื‘ืชื•ืจืชื•. ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึถืจ ื™ึฐ-ื”ึนื•ึธื” ืึถืœ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื•ึฐืึธื‘ึดื™ื”ึธ ื™ึธืจึนืง ื™ึธืจึทืง ื‘ึฐึผืคึธื ึถื™ื”ึธ ื”ึฒืœึนื ืชึดื›ึธึผืœึตื ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ืžึดื—ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทืžึทึผื—ึฒื ึถื” ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ืชึตึผืึธืกึตืฃ, ื”ื ื” ืžืชื™ื‘ืช ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืขื“ ืชึตึผืึธืกึตืฃ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื ืชืืžืจ ืฉื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื“ื“ื™ื• ืœื‘ื•ื ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ื”ื ื” ื–ื” ื ืœืžื“ ืžืžื” ืฉืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืื—"ื› ื•ึทืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ืžึดื—ื•ึผืฅ ืœึทืžึทึผื—ึฒื ึถื” ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื, ืืœื ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ืš ื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ื ื• ืคืกื•ืง ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื•ื’ื•' ืœืคื™ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ืฉื™ืŸ. ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื˜ืจื— ื”ืฉื™"ืช ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืงืจื ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืชึดึผืกึธึผื’ึตืจ ืฉึดืื‘ึฐืขึทืช ื™ึธืžึดื™ื ื•ื’ื•', ื”ื’ื ื“ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ื• ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ื“ื”ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืคื™ืจื›ื, ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ ื“ืขืช ืœื—ื›ืžื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉืจ ื›ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืขืฉื•. (ืื’ืจื ื“ืคืจืงื ืื•ืช ืงืœื—)

ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” โ€“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืฉื ื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื’ื ื‘ื™ืœื“ ืงื˜ืŸ.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ (ืžื’ื™ืœื” ื™ื“.) ืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ื ึฐื‘ึดื™ืื•ึนืช ื ึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึผึฐืื•ึผ ืœึธื”ึถื ืœึฐื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ, ืžึทืืŸ ื ึดื™ื ึฐื”ื•ึผ? ืฉื‚ึธืจึธื”, ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื, ื“ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนืจึธื”, ื—ึทื ึผึธื”, ืึฒื‘ึดื™ื’ึทื™ึดืœ, ื—ื•ึผืœึฐื“ึผึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืกึฐืชึผึตืจ. ื›ืชื™ื‘ (ืฉืžื•ืช ื˜ื• ื›) ื•ึทืชึผึดืงึผึทื— ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ื”ึทื ึผึฐื‘ึดื™ืึธื” ืึฒื—ื•ึนืช ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ, ื•ึฐืœึนื ืึฒื—ื•ึนืช ืžึนืฉืึถื”? ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ ื ึทื—ึฐืžึธืŸ ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘: ืฉืึถื”ึธื™ึฐืชึธื” ืžึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึผึฐืึธื” ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื”ึดื™ื ืึฒื—ื•ึนืช ืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ, ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึถืจึถืช: ืขึฒืชึดื™ื“ึธื” ืึดืžึผึดื™ ืฉืึถืชึผึตืœึตื“ ื‘ึผึตืŸ ืฉืึถื™ึผื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึท ืึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ. ื•ึผื‘ึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื ึผื•ึนืœึทื“ ื ึดืชึฐืžึทืœึผึตื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทื™ึดืช ื›ึผื•ึผืœึผื•ึน ืื•ึนืจึธื”, ืขึธืžึทื“ ืึธื‘ึดื™ื”ึธ ื•ึผื ึฐืฉืึธืงึธื”ึผ ืขึทืœ ืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ, ืึธืžึทืจ ืœึธื”ึผ: ื‘ึผึดืชึผึดื™ ื ึดืชึฐืงึทื™ึผึฐื™ืžึธื” ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธืชึดื™ืšึฐ. ื ืžืฆื ืฉืืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ืืžืจื” ืžืจื™ื ื›ืฉืžืฉื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ืœื“ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืง ืื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื”ืจืŸ. ืžืจื™ื ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื” (ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื” ืค"ื’) ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื–ื• ืืžืจื” ืœืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืœ 7!. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ื ืชื ื‘ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“. (ืคืก"ืจ ืคื›"ื–). ื•ื›ืŸ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื ื›ื–) ืึถืœึฐื“ึธึผื“ ื•ึผืžึตื™ื“ึธื“ ืžึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึฐึผืึดื™ื ื‘ึทึผืžึทึผื—ึฒื ึถื”. ืืžืจื• ืจื–"ืœ (ื“ืขืช ื–ืงื ื™ื) ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืื—ื™ ืžืฉื” ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื ืชื ื” ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื ืืกืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืจืฉื• ื›ื•ืœื ื•ื’ื ืขืžืจื ืื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ืจืฉ ืžื™ื•ื›ื‘ื“ ืืฉืชื• ื•ื ืฉื ืืฉื” ืื—ืจืช ื•ื”ื•ืœื™ื“ ืžืžื ื” ืืœื“ื“ ื•ืžื™ื“ื“. ื•ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืฉื ื” ื›ืฉื ืชื‘ืื•. ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœืขืžืจื ืื—ืจื™ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” . (ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืงืจื) ื•ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžึตื™ื“ึธื“ ื‘ึฐึผื ื•ึนื™ ื“ึฐืึถืœึฐืฆึธืคึธืŸ ื‘ึทึผืจ ืคึทึผืจึฐื ึธืšึฐ ื“ึดื™ืœึตื™ื“ึทืช ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ื™ื•ึนื›ึถื‘ึถื“ ื‘ึฐึผืจึทืช ืœึตื•ึดื™ ื‘ึดึผื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ื“ึฐืคึทึผื˜ึฐืจึธื”ึผ ืขึทืžึฐืจึธื ื’ึทื‘ึฐืจึธื”ึผ ื•ึฐืึดืชึฐื ึฐืกึดื™ื‘ึทืช ืœึตื™ื”ึผ ืขึทื“ ื“ึฐืœึธื ื™ึฐืœึตื™ื“ึทืช ื™ึทืช ืžืฉึถืื” ื•ึผืฉึฐืืจึทืช ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ื•ึนืŸ ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธื”.
ืžึดืจึฐื™ึธื ื ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉื” โ€“ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื‘ืข ื ื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืฉื ึดืชึฐื ึทื‘ึผึฐืื•ึผ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ. (ืฉืคืชื™ ื›ื”ืŸ)

ื•ึทื™ึทึผืขึทืŸ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึปืืขึท ื‘ึดึผืŸ ื ื•ึผืŸ ืžึฐืฉึธืืจึตืช ืžึนืฉึถืื” ืžึดื‘ึฐึผื—ึปืจึธื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึนึผืืžึทืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื›ึฐึผืœึธืึตื. (ื™ื ื›ื—)
ืฉืืœื” โ€“ ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื”ื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืคื˜.) ื”ึทื›ึผื•ึนื‘ึตืฉื ืึถืช ื ึฐื‘ื•ึผืึธืชื•ึน ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ื. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืงืจื ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ืžึนืฉึถืื” ื›ึฐึผืœึธืึตื ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืง.) ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืžึธื” ื ึถืขึฑื ึทืฉื ื’ึผึตื™ื—ึฒื–ึดื™? ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืœึฐืจึทื‘ึผื•ึน ื‘ึผึดืฉืึฐืžื•ึน. ืคืจืฉ"ื™ - ืฉืื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืคืœื•ื ื™.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” โ€“ ื”ื›ื•ื‘ืฉ ื ื‘ื•ืืชื• ืื™ื ื• ื ืขื ืฉ ืืœื ื›ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื• ืฉื™ืืžืจ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™. (ืžื•ืฉื‘ ื–ืงื ื™ื) ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืงืจื ืœืžืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžื• ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึดื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืคืœื•ื ื™. (ืฉืคืชื™ ื›ื”ืŸ ื™"ื“ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืž"ื‘)

ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืคื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืช
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” , ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืจื•ืช ื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”
ืœืข"ื  ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืŸ ืืกืชืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื™ืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช [email protected]

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il