ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื—, ื”ืจืื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 37 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ื›ื‘ - ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืœืžื ื”
ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ื—ืจื‘ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืžื‘ืจืš: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื—, ื‘, ืฉื•"ืข ืจื›ื“, ื™). ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืจื›ื• 'ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช' ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ื•, ืืš ืœื“ืื‘ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื ืืœืฆื ื• ืœื‘ืจืš 'ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืžืช' ื’ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ื•, ืขืœ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื’ื•ืฉ ืงื˜ื™ืฃ ื•ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ื—ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื - ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื.
ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ื‘ืจืš: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืœืžื ื”" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ื—, ื‘, ืฉื•"ืข ืจื›ื“, ื™). ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”' ืขืœ ื—ื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฆื. ืฉืืฃ ื›ื™ ื—ื˜ืื ื• ืœืคื ื™ื•, ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื• ืžืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื ื• ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœืœืขื’ ื•ืงืœืก ื‘ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืขื“ ืฉื ื“ืžื™ื ื• ื›ืืฉื” ืืœืžื ื” ื”ื ื•ื“ื“ืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื’ืœืžื•ื“ื”, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื”. ืจื™ื—ื ื”' ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื ื• ืœืืจืฆื ื•, ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื” (ื ื“, ื’-ื”): "ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ ื•ึผืฉื‚ึฐืžึนืื•ืœ ืชึผึดืคึฐืจึนืฆึดื™ ื•ึฐื–ึทืจึฐืขึตืšึฐ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ื™ึดื™ืจึธืฉื ื•ึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ื ึฐืฉืึทืžึผื•ึนืช ื™ื•ึนืฉืึดื™ื‘ื•ึผ. ืึทืœ ืชึผึดื™ืจึฐืึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึตื‘ื•ึนืฉืึดื™ ื•ึฐืึทืœ ืชึผึดื›ึผึธืœึฐืžึดื™ ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ืชึทื—ึฐืคึผึดื™ืจึดื™, ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึนืฉืึถืช ืขึฒืœื•ึผืžึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึธื—ึดื™ ื•ึฐื—ึถืจึฐืคึผึทืช ืึทืœึฐืžึฐื ื•ึผืชึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืœึนื ืชึดื–ึฐื›ึผึฐืจึดื™ ืขื•ึนื“. ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึนืขึฒืœึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืขึนืฉื‚ึทื™ึดืšึฐ ื”' ืฆึฐ-ื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืฉืึฐืžื•ึน, ื•ึฐื’ึนืึฒืœึตืšึฐ ืงึฐื“ื•ึนืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึตื™ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืงึผึธืจึตื".
ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืฆืจื”, ืžืฆื•ืงื” ื•ื”ืฉืคืœื”, ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื ื›ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื ื—ืžื”. ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ืžื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื›ืš ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืกืœื ื˜ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ 'ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”', ื•ืขืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœ 'ื™ื”ื•ื“'.
ื•ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•. ื•ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื•, ื•ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืžืœื‘ืจืš ืขื“ ืฉื™ืจืื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืจืื” ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื ืฉืจืื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื‘ื•, ืจืฉืื™ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ืœื‘ืจืš (ืจ"ื—, ืจืฉ"ื™, ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ืฉื•"ืข ืจื›ื“, ื™).
ื›ื’ - ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš ื•ืื™ืžืชื™
ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืงื ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš 'ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืœืžื ื”' ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ืจืื”ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืฉื•ื‘ (ืฉื•"ืข ืจื›ื“, ื™, ื•ื™ื’).
ืืœื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉื–ื›ื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”' ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉื ื ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืืจืฅ ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื•ื›ืคืจื™ื, ื ืฉื›ื— ืžื”ื ืฆืขืจ ื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ื ื• ืฉื ืœื™ื‘ื• ืœื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื. ื•ื›ืœืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื”, ืฉืจืง ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืชื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ื•ืœื ืฉืžืžื”, ื”ืจื•ืื” ืฉื ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ืง - ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•: ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื’ื•ืœืŸ, ื”ื ื’ื‘, ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ืขืžืง ื™ื–ืจืขืืœ. ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืชืจื’ืฉ ืžืจืื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื - ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืืœืžื ื”. ื•ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืจืื” ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘, ืื ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ื™ืชืคืขืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ - ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ืื ืœื ื™ืชืคืขืœ - ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืขืœ ืจืื™ื™ื” ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช ืœื ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื”. ื•ืื ื›ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช ื™ืจืื” ืฉื‘ื ื• ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ืฉื›ื•ื ื” - ื™ื‘ืจืš.
ื•ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ื”ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš. ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื ื• ืฉื ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ืขืช ืฉื—ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš 'ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืœืžื ื”'.
ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืขื™ืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื•ืชืคืืจืชื ื•, ืฉืขืœ ื—ื•ืจื‘ื ื” ืื ื• ืžืชืื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื” ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื” ื•ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ื•ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื”. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืจืš. ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืืœืžื ื”. ืืžื ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืฉื ืœื‘ื• ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฉืžื— ื‘ื›ืš - ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื” ืฉืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื” - ืœื ื™ื‘ืจื›ื•.
ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžืกืชืคืง ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื™ืืžืจ ืืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืžืจื: "ืชื ื• ืจื‘ื ืŸ: ื”ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ืŸ, ืื•ืžืจ - ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฆื™ื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืืœืžื ื”". ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืฉืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื (ื™ืขื‘"ืฅ) ืฉืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœื™ืžื”, ื•ืžื ื’ื“ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”. 1
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืืœืžื ื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื• ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื•ึผืžึฐืฉื‚ื•ึนืฉื‚ ื—ึธืชึธืŸ ืขึทืœ ื›ึผึทืœึผึธื” ื™ึธืฉื‚ึดื™ืฉื‚ ืขึธืœึทื™ึดืšึฐ ืึฑืœึนื”ึธื™ึดืšึฐ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืกื‘, ื”). "ื•ึฐืึตืจึทืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื, ื•ึฐืึตืจึทืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึถื“ึถืง ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื—ึถืกึถื“ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืจึทื—ึฒืžึดื™ื. ื•ึฐืึตืจึทืฉื‚ึฐืชึผึดื™ืšึฐ ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึถืึฑืžื•ึผื ึธื” ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทืขึทืชึผึฐ ืึถืช ื”'" (ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘, ื›ื).


^ 1.. ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืขืœ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฉื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ืฆื‘ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ืืœืžื ื”. ื•ืืฃ ืืช ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช, ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื”ื ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืขืค"ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื—, ื). ื•ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืงื•ืช ืฉืžืขืœื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื›ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” (ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื•ื™ืงืจื ืข' 288-291, ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœืช ืจืื™ื” ื—"ื‘ ืข' ืชื›ื‘). ื•ืžืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื. ืืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืชืคืขืœื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”. ื•ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืข"ื–, ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืœื ืจืื•ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืจืž"ื ืจื›ื“, ื, ื"ืจ, ื•ืž"ื‘ ื’. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืจื›ื”, ื˜, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
ืฉื ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื”, ื”ืื ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืื• ืจืื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”. ื) ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ืœื™ืฉื‘ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืืจืฅ ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื“ ืื•ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ื•ืœื ืฉืžืžื”, ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื‘ืขื™ - ืื™ืŸ ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื. ื‘) ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ, ืื ื”ืจื•ืื” ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื, ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” (ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื), ื•ืื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืคืขืœ ืžื–ื”, ื™ื‘ืจืš ืจืง ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”. ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืคืขืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจืจืช (ื•ื›ืฉื ืฉืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื” ื ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”).
ื•ื ืจืื” ืœืขื "ื“ ืฉื’ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื (ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืคื” ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื), ืื ื™ืœืš ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ืžื•ื“ืจืš ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื—ื–ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฆื, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื™ืจืื” ืืช ื‘ืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ืŸ ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื - ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ืืฃ ื–ืืช ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื’ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื–ื•ืจ, ื•ื’ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื. ื•ื‘ืกื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื“ืจืš ื”ื‘ื, ื’ื ืื ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ืœื ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืจื•ืื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉืคืœื”, ืื ื™ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื ื•ื™ืชืคืขืœ ืžื—ื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฆื - ื™ื‘ืจืš. ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ืจื•ืื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื™ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉื ื‘ื ืชื” ืœืชืœืคื™ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ืืœืขื“, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืŸ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘, ืื ื™ืชืคืขืœ ืžืขืฆืžืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ - ื™ื‘ืจืš.
ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืžื•"ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื, ืฉื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฆืฆื•ืช ืื• ืคื™ื’ื•ืขื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืžื•ืกืจื ืœื™ื“ื™ื”ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืจืื™ื™ืชื. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ื‘"ื™, ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื ืฉื˜ืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื ืคื’ืข ืจืข. ืž"ืž ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ื— ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ื ื• ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช ืชื—ืช ืขื•ืœ ื–ืจื™ื.

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