ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืž'ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ' ื•ืขื•ื“ ืกืคืจื™ื), ืขืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื™ืฉ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืžื›ื•ื—ื• ื”ืŸ ืžื—ื ื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืœ ื“ืช ืœืคื™ ืจืžืชื”. ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื”ืžืขื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ืืฃ ื–ื›ื• ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ื”ืขืžื™ืงื• ืืช ืืžื•ื ืชื ื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื. ืื•ืžื ื ื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื‘ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ื•ืœื”ื•ืงื™ืขื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื™ื™ื’ืจืจื• ืื—ืจื™ื”, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžืฆืคืŸ ืืžื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื. ืืš ืœืฉืืจ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืืžื•ื ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื™ ื‘ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืชืจื‘ื” ื”ื”ืฉื—ืชื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช, ืืš ืื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื“ืชื, ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืœืคืจืฉ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืžื•ืง ื•ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื™ืกื™ืจื• ืืช ืกื™ื’ื™ ื”ื”ื’ืฉืžื” ื”ื’ืกื”, ื•ื™ืจื•ืžืžื• ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื‘ืืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื•.

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืกืœืื
ื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืฉืžืขืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืกืœืื, ืฉื”ื•ืฉืคืขื• ืžื”ืชื "ืš ื•ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื”ืŸ ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœ ืื•ืจ ื”'. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ื’ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืกืœืื ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœืขื–ืจื” ืžืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœืจื•ืžื ืื ืฉื™ื, ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื•ืขืžื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžืฉืžื™ื™ื ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ื™ื“ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื”ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื“ืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืžื•ืกืจ (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืคืจืงื™ื ื—; ืžื•). ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืจ, ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ื ื’ืกื” ืœืงืจืืช ืืžื•ื ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ื‘ื”' (ื›ื•ื–ืจื™ ื“, ื›ื’; ืจืžื‘"ื ืžืœื›ื™ื ื™ื, ื“; ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืฉื” 'ืชื•ืจื” ืชืžื™ืžื”').
ื”ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ
ืื•ืžื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื—) ืฉื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืกืœืื, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื•ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ืžืชื™ื™ืžืจื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืคื ืชื•ืš ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช. ืžื›ืš ื ื•ื‘ืข ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ืชื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ืžืชืžื“ืช, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืŸ ืงืฅ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื• ื™ืชืื—ื“ื• ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื. ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉื ื• ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื™ืชื ืงื• ืžืฉื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ืžื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืืจื” ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื•ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืฉื ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืžืชืžื“ืช ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื.

ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื“ืชื•ืช
ืื•ืœื ื’ื ืขืชื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื˜ื™ื”ืจื• ืืช ืืžื•ื ืชื ืžื›ืœ ืฉืžืฅ ืืœื™ืœื•ืช, ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื›ืš, ื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืจ ืฉื‘ื“ืชื, ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืจื•ืžื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืœืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื•ืœื™ืจืืชื• (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืคืจืงื™ื ื—, ื™ื“1).
ืขื•ื“ ื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื–ื•ืช ื“ืชื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื“ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืคื•ืจืงื™ ื”ืขื•ืœ ื™ื™ืงื—ื• ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื•ื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, "ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื ื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืขืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”", ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืฉื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™ื” ืงืฆื“, ื—"ื ืขืž' ืจื ).

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืœืืกืœืื
ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืœืืกืœืื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื”. ื•ืื•ืžื ื ื”ืืกืœืื ื ืงื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”, ืื•ืœื ื›ืคื™ ื”ื ืจืื” ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืขื“ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืืกืœืื (ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืื’ืจื•ืช ืจืื™ื” ืงื™ื‘; ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื—; ื™ื“1).

ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ื“ืชื
ืœืื•ืจ ื–ืืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ืช ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื“ืชื. ื•ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื•: "ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืกื“ื• ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื, ืœื”ืŸ ื•ื“ืื™ ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื ื›ื‘ื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ืื•ื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืืœ ืื•ืจ ื“' ื•ื“ืขืช ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•" (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื™ื“1). ื•ืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ, ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ "ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœืงื—ื• ืœื”ื ืžืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื•ื– ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ". ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืงืžื• ืžื”ื "ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ืฉืžืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ื ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื“ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ืชืขื•ื“ืชื, ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืœืื”ื‘ืช ื“' ื•ื™ืจืืชื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื”ื ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ืžืชื ืœืื ืฉื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœืคื™ ืขืจื›ื ื•ืชื›ื•ื ืชื". ื•ืœื›ืŸ "ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉืœื ื‘ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืฉื›ื™ืœ, ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืกื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื, ื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืœืคื™ ืขืจื›ื" (ืฉื ื—).

ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ืื• ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ื ื— ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืชื•?
ื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื—) ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืชื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช. ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ื’ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืคื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื• ื”ืชื’ื‘ืฉื”, ื•ื”ืขื•ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื•ื’ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื‘ืขืžื• ื•ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ื”ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ืื ื”ื“ืช ืฉืืœื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื ื—ื•ืชื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืืžื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืžื“ืชื• ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื”ื•ื "ื”ื•ืœืš ืื—ื•ืจื ื™ืช ื•ืžืงื“ื™ืจ ืื•ืจ ื ืคืฉื•, ืœื‘ื“ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืœืฃ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืกืจื• ืœื’ืžืจื™, ื‘ื‘ื•ื’ื“ื• ื‘ืื•ืžืชื• ืืฉืจ ื˜ื™ืคื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ื’ื™ื“ืœื” ืื•ืชื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืงืจื ื ื‘ืœ, ื•ืœื ื™ื™ื ืงื” ืจืข" (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื—).

ื”ืื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ืŸ ื“ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ืช ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืชื• ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืืกืœืื
ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืื ืื“ื ืžืžื™ืจ ื“ืชื• ืžื“ืช ืืœื™ืœื™ืช ืœื ืฆืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืืกืœืื ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื˜ืื•, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ื’ืข ืœืฉืขื” ื‘ืขืžื•, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืชืฆืžื— ืžื›ืš ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœืขืžื•, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื“ืช ืฉืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืื“ื, "ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ืชื‘ืจืš (ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืกืœืื) ืชื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•". ืื•ืžื ื "ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ื•ืจืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™", ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืกืœืื "ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืชื›ืœื™ืชื”", ื›ื™ ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืจื›ื– ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื•ืื–ื™ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืขื“ื™ืฃ ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื’ื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืชื• ืืœื ื™ืชืจื•ืžื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืœืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ. ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืฉืžื›ืœ ื“ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื’ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืชื™ืฉืืจ ื ืงื™ื™ื” ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื•ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช.
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื”ื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ืช, ืฉืื•ืžื ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื–ืจื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืื—ื“, ื•ืžื—ื ืš ืœืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”, ืขื–ื™ื‘ืชื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืืกืœืื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื™ืจื™ื“ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืจืข ืœืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืœื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืœืืกืœืื, ืฉื”ื–ื™ืงื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื•ืœืขืžื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื”ื•ืขื™ืœื•.

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ
ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืžื“ื” ื–ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืคื” ืขื ื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ ื ื— ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”' ืฉื”ื•ื ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื’ื ืื ื”ื ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืืœื™ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืกื•ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื”. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง: "ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื ื— ืžื•ื–ื”ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ, ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืข ืžืชืคื™ืกืช ืฆื™ื•ืจื ื•ื›ื•ื—ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™" (ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื—, ืžื“); "ื”ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื ืœืขืช ืขืชื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื”" (ืื•ืจื•ืช, ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ื”). ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื—ืจืœ"ืค (ืžื™ ืžืจื•ื ื™, ืœื”; ื™ื‘, ืœื‘, ื‘). ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ืื“ืžื•"ืจื™ ื—ื‘"ื“, ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ื”'ืฆืžื— ืฆื“ืง' ('ื“ืจืš ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ืš' ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”', ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืš ื“ืขืช ืจืžื‘"ื ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื” ื, ื-ื‘), ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ืฉื ื™ืื•ืจืกื•ืŸ (ืœืงื•ื˜ื™ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื—"ื› ืขืž' 16 ื”ืขืจื” 44).

ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจืช ื“ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืื“ื ืžืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ืžืขืžื•, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืง ืงื•ืง (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื—) ืฉื’ื ื’ื™ื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืกืคื—ืช" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืžื–, ื‘).
ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืืžื•ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ืจ ื—ืคืฅ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ื— ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื• ื–ืจืขื•, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืื, ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื ืคืฉ ื”ืื•ืžื” ืฉืžืžื ื” ื™ืฆืื•, ื•ืžืžืงื•ืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืœื”ื ื“ืขืช, ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืคื™ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ื (ืœื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื ื‘).

ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื–ืจ
ืฉืืœื”: ื ืืœืฆื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื–ืจื” ืœืืžื™, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ื. ืื•ืžื ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืžื›ื™ื ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื” ื•ื’ื ืœืื. ื”ืื ืžื•ืชืจ ื’ื ืœืื‘ื™ื ื• ื•ืœื ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื‘ืฉืœืช? ืื ืืกื•ืจ, ื”ืื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืœื” ื‘ื”ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื• ืื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจื ื‘ื”ื’ืขืœื”?

ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื
ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ืื‘ื™ืš ื™ื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืกื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ, ืื• ื™ื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ืืฉ ืฉืชื—ืช ื”ืกื™ืจ, ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉืจ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช. ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื”ืืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ืกื™ืจ, ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืกืคืจื“ ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืืฉื›ื ื– ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” (ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืงื™ื’, ื–; ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื—, ื—). ืื ื”ืžื‘ืฉืœืช ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื”ื“ื—ืง, ืื™ืžืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืœื” ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื” (ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื—, ื™).

ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ื
ืื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืชื‘ืฉื™ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืฉืœื• ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืื™ื ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื. ืื•ืžื ื ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืื ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืฉืœื• ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื›ืฉืจื”. ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื›ืฉืจื”, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ื“ืขืช ืžื”ื˜ืขื ื”ื‘ืœื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœื™ื (ืจื"ืฉ ื•ืจื"ื”). ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื (ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ืจ"ืŸ), ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืกืงื• ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื (ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื—, ื™ื). ืื•ืœื ื›ืืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืฉืžื‘ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ (ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื›ื—, 10), ื•ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•ืชื, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืคืง ืกืคืงื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ.



ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il