ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ื•ื™ืฉื‘
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2 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืืกืชืจ ื‘ืช ืจื—ืœ

ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืœืงืจืืช ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ื”ืชื•ืจื”:
"ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื”ึธืึตืœึผึถื” ื—ึธื˜ึฐืื•ึผ ืžึทืฉืึฐืงึตื” ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึฐื”ึธืึนืคึถื” ืœึทืึฒื“ึนื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึฐืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื: ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืฆึนืฃ ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ ืกึธืจึดื™ืกึธื™ื• ืขึทืœ ืฉื‚ึทืจ ื”ึทืžึผึทืฉืึฐืงึดื™ื ื•ึฐืขึทืœ ืฉื‚ึทืจ ื”ึธืื•ึนืคึดื™ื" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืž' ื-ื‘).

ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื• (ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืกืžืš) ืขืกืงื ื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื. ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื ื ืกื” ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื•ืื™ืš ืžืขืฆืจื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื.
ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืคืจืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™: "ื•ืจื’ื™ื– ืคืจืขื” ืขืœ ืชืจื™ืŸ ืจื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ื”ื™ ืขืœ ืจื‘ ืฉืงื™ ื•ืขืœ ืจื‘ ื ื—ืชื•ืžื™". ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• (ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”) ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื "ืจื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ื”ื™" ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืงื” ื•ื”ืžืืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš. ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื“ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื” "ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื–ื‘ื•ื‘ ื‘ืคื™ื™ืœื™ ืคื•ื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ (ืคื™ื™ืœื™ = ืกืคืœ, ืœืฉื•ืŸ phiale. ืคื™ื™ืœื™ ืคื•ื˜ื™ืจื™ืŸ, ืคื™ืจืฉ ื”ืขืจื•ืš: ื›ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืชื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžืจื—ืฅ) ืฉืœื•, ื•ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ืฆืจื•ืจ ื‘ื’ืœื•ืกืงื™ืŸ (ื‘ืœื—ืžื ื™ื”) ืฉืœื•". ืœืคื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื•, ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช, ื—ื˜ืื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืคืจืขื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™. ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžืฉืชืœื‘ ืžืื•ืจืข ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืจืฉ"ื™: "ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื” ืืจื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื‘ืคื™ ื›ื•ืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื’ื ื•ืชื•, ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืกื•ืจื—ื ื ืฉืœ ืืœื• ืฉื™ืคื ื• ืืœื™ื”ื ื•ืœื ืืœื™ื•, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืฉืชื‘ื•ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืฆื“ื™ืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”ื". ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ืœืžื” ืฉืื™ืจืข ืขื ืืฉืช ืคื•ื˜ื™ืคืจ ื•ื”ืฆืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืฉื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ืœืชื”. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืกืชื“ืจ ืขื ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœ "ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืจื‘ื”" (ืฉื‘ื“"ื›, ื”ื•ื ืžืคืจืฉ ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืชื•), ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืขื‘ืจื• ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช.

ืœื›ืŸ ื ื ืกื”, ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืœื”, ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช. ื”'ื—ื–ืงื•ื ื™' ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ "ื–ื” ืขืจื‘ ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื” ืขืจื‘ ืื‘ื ื™ ื ืชืจ ืฉื—ื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืงืžื—". ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ืžืขืœื• ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื–ื™ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืขืœื• ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื ื ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื–ื• ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ืš. ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืกื—ืจ ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืขื ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื•ืช. ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืกืฃ (silver) ืชืžื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื˜ื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉื™ื” ื”ื‘ืื”. ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืกืคืงื” ืกื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืืคื™ื” ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืœื”ืฉืงื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื“ื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื. ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ. ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืง ื”ืžื™ื (ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืื• ืฉืืจ ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืคื™ื) ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงืžื— ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžืืคื”. ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืคืฉืขื• ื•ืœื ืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื”ืžืื’ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื, ื”ื—ื™ื˜ื” ื•ื”ืžืืคื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื ื ื•ื”ืœื• ื›ืจืื•ื™. ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืœื›ืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื‘ื ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•
"ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ื”ึธืึธื“ื•ึนืŸ ื™ึฐืงึนื•ึธืง ืฆึฐื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ืžึตืกึดื™ืจ ืžึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึดื ื•ึผืžึดื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืžึทืฉืึฐืขึตืŸ ื•ึผืžึทืฉืึฐืขึตื ึธื” ื›ึผึนืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืขึทืŸ ืœึถื—ึถื ื•ึฐื›ึนืœ ืžึดืฉืึฐืขึทืŸ ืžึธื™ึดื" ( ื’' ื).

ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื, ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ืกื™ืจ ืžื›ื™ืกืื ืืช ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื "ืžึดืฉืึฐืขึทืŸ ืžึธื™ึดื" ื•ืืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื "ืžึดืฉืึฐืขึทืŸ ืœึถื—ึถื" (ืขื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจ"ื™ ืงืจื ืฉื). ืœืคื™ ื–ื”, ื—ื˜ืื ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืคืจืขื” ื›ืžืœืš, ืงืœืงื•ืœ ื‘ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืชื™ืงืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื (ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›"ืžืฉื‘ื™ืจ" ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื—ื–ืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื•). ืื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœื ื”ื™ื” "ืคื•ื ื” ืืœ ืจื”ื‘ื™ื", ื”ื–ืžื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžืœืš ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกืžื•ื›ื” ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื.

ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื”ื“ื—ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ืœืคืจืฉื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื” ืœืงื— ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”. ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื–ืืช ื’ื ื›ืฉืžืชื›ื•ื ื ื™ื ืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจื•ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”.

ื”ื‘ื” ื ืชืคืœืœ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื (ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื ื™ืกื) ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื–ื”.
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ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ

ืจืืฉ ื›ื•ืœืœ "ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื”" ืœื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืช
ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข
ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
  • ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
     ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื
    57 ื“ืง'
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"

    ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื“ื•ืข? ื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• | ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื ื ืื• ื‘ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืื ื”ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช | ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื–ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืขืก | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”
    ื”ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”

    ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ื™ื—ื™ ืงืฆื™ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–
    ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ

    ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ
    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืื™ื™ืจ ื”'ืชืฉื "ื—
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™

    ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื’ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื–, ื– | ืคืจืง ื—, ื-ื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืื‘ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื˜ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื“ืจืš ืคืกืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืื“ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”
    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”

    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื’ืžืจื ื•ืœื—ื˜ื ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืคืจื™ื•ืŸ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—
    26 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?
    4 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืขื ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืืจื™ื ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ืขืช ืฉื•ืคืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื’ ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื–
    31 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืœืจืžื‘"ื

    ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 4

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื›ื’ืฉืจ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžืชืจื’ื ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื, ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืขืฉื”. ื“ืจืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื•ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืžื•ื ืข ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขื ื™ืง ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il