ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืืžืจื™ ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ื
  • ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื’ืžืจื
  • ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
undefined
823
6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืœื ื ืกื›ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”.โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื” [ื›ื“.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžืคืกื•ืง ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื:]โ€
ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื™ืœื•ืœื™ื - ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•, ืžื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื™ื˜ืขื•ื ืื“ื ื›ืœื•ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ื‘ืจืš.
ื–ื• ืื—ืช ื”ื”ื•"ื, ื•ืœืžืกืงื ื” ื”ื™ื ืกื‘ืจื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” 1 .
ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื:]โ€
ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื˜ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช ื˜ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื”, ืจื‘ื™ ืชื ื—ื•ืžื ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื ื‘ืจ ื›ื”ื ื ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ื•ืืชื ื” ืœืš ืืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื” - ื”ืงื™ืฉ ืชื•ืจื” ืœืžืฆื•ื”, ืžื” ืชื•ืจื” ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ืืฃ ืžืฆื•ื” ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ื›ื. ืœื ื“ื™ืžื” ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช 2 .
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”:โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื“ ื”"ื‘ [ื™ื˜:], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื—:โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื:]โ€
ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื ืกื‘ ื–ื™ื™ืชื ื•ื‘ื™ืจืš ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ื (ื›ืš ืฉืžื•, ื›ืžื• "ืื‘ื") ืžืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื” (ื•ืชืžื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื•). ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื, ืœืžื” ืืช ืžืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื™, ืœื™ืช ืœืš ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื” ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•? ืื™ืช ืœื™ื”, ื•ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ื” (ืžื“ื•ืข ืชืžื”)? ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื’ืœืขื™ื ืชื• ืžืžืขื˜ืชื• (ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื›ื–ื™ืช). ื•ืœื™ืช ืœื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืฉื’ืœืขื™ื ืชื• ืžืžืขื˜ืชื• (ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืจืš ืื—ืจื™ื•)? ืžื” ืขื‘ื“ ืœื™ื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื” (ืคืจื™ ืฉืœื, ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื›ื–ื™ืช). ืžื™ืœืชื™ื” ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจื” ืฉื›ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื›ืœ ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื‘ ืื• ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื” (ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื”).
ืžื•ื‘ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื” (ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืœืงื•ืช ื”ื•ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ืžื›ื•ืช ื™ื’.). ืชื•ืก' (ืœื˜. ื“"ื” ื‘ืฆืจ) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื•ื“ืŸ ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืœื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื•ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื) ื”ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
ื”ื ื•ืกื— ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื—.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื’:]โ€
ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžืŸ ืืžืจ "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ" ื•ืจื‘ื ืŸ ืืžืจื™ "ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ" ื•ื›ื•'. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื‘ืจื™ืš ืงื•ืžื™ (ื‘ื™ืจืš ืœืคื ื™) ืจื‘ื™ ื–ืขื™ืจื "ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ" ื•ืงืœืกื™ื” (ืจื‘ื™ ื–ืขื™ืจื ืฉื™ื‘ื— ืื•ืชื•), ืžื” (ื•ื›ื™ ืคืกืง) ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžื™ื”? ืฉืœื ืœืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉื™ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช (ืœื ืœืขืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ื-ืžืŸ).
ื˜ืขื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื, ื•ืชื•ืก' (ืฉื ืข"ื‘ ื“"ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ืชื) ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช - ืจื‘ื™ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื 3 .
ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื” ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื’:]โ€
ืื”ืŸ ื“ื ืกื‘ ืขื™ื’ื•ืœื ื•ืžื‘ืจืš ืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ื”ื›ื ืœื ืืชื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื” (ื–ื” ืฉืœืงื— ืžืื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืจืš ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื ืœืงื— ืžืžื ื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื›ืœื•) ื•ื›ื•', ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืชื ื—ื•ื ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืŸ: ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื•ืขื“, ืฉืœื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ืœื”.
ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ืชื• ื•ื›ื•'" ื›ืœืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœื”. ื•ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืจื• ืกืขื™ืฃ ื•).
ื ืชื™ื ืช ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืกืง ืœื›ื•"ืข ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืž.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื“.]โ€
ืื”ืŸ ื“ืžืจ ืกื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืš ืกื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืš (ื–ื” ืฉืืžืจ "ื˜ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืจืš") ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืกืง ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื”ื‘ ืื—ื•ื•ื ื ืœืชื•ืจื™ื™ื ("ืชืŸ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื") ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืคืกืง ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ื ื—ืœืงื• ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื”ืื ืื›ื™ืœืช ืฉื•ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืกืง.
ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืคื™ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื“:]โ€
ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ: ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ืคื™ื• ื•ืฉื›ื— ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืจืš - ืื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืŸ ืคื•ืœื˜ืŸ, ืื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ืžืกืœืงืŸ ืœืฆื“ื“ื™ืŸ. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืจ ืžืจื™ ืงื•ืžื•ื™ (ืœืคื ื™) ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ: ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ืŸ ืคื•ืœื˜ืŸ, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื™ืžืœื ืคื™ ืชื”ื™ืœืชืš ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืชืคืืจืชืš.
ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืฉืงื™ื ื‘ื•ืœืขืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื ืžืืกื™ื, ืฉืื•ืชื ืžืกืœืง ืœืฆื“, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื ืžืืกื™ื, ืฉืคื•ืœื˜ืŸ.
ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื–.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื”.]โ€
ื‘ื•ืจื ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื - ื‘ื”ื”ื•ื ื“ื˜ืจื™ืฃ (ืื•ืจื– ื˜ืจื•ืฃ). ืขื“ ื›ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ - ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื: ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืœืขื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืขืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืœ ืžืขื“ื ื™ื”.
ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื•.
ื ื•ืกื— ื‘ืจื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ืฉื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื–.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื”.]โ€
ืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื›ืœ ื—ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ื—ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื.
ืœื–. ื•ืžื“: ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ื”ื ื•ืกื— ืฉืœ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”, ื•ืœื”ืœื›ื” ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื, ื•ื“ืขืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขื ืฉื ืข"ืค ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ืืŸ (ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืกื™' ืจื– ืก"ืง ื”).
ืœื ืื›ืœ ืกื•ืœืช ืžื™ืžื™ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืกืชืคืง ืžื” ืœื‘ืจืš ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื”.]โ€
ื•ื”ื›ืŸ ืœื ืื›ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ืกื•ืœืช ืžืŸ ื™ื•ืžื•ื™ (ืžื™ืžื™ื•, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืกืชืคืง ืžื” ื‘ืจื›ืชื”. ื•ื”ืคื ื™ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉืœื ืื›ืœื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืกืขื•ื“ื”).
ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ืฉืžืกืคืง ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื ื™ืื›ืœ.
ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ืคืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื˜:โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื”:]โ€
ืคืช ื˜ืžืื” ื•ืคืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื” - ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ื (ื›ืš ืฉืžื•, ื›ืžื• "ืื‘ื") ืืžืจ: ืื•ืžืจ (ืžื‘ืจืš) ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”.
ื“ืŸ ืขืœ ืื™ื–ื” ืคืช ืœื‘ืจืš - ืฉืœื, ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื—ื™ื˜ื™ื. ืืš ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืคืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจื”.
ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ืฉืœ ืงื•ืจื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื•.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื [ืžื”:]โ€
ืงื•ืจื - ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจ ืื—ื ื‘ืฉื ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื•ืจื ืคืจื™ ื”ืขืฅ, ืชื ื ืจื‘ื™ ื—ืœืคืชื ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื•.
ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืื ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ืื“ืžื” ืื• ืฉื”ื›ืœ.
ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืž:โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื‘ [ืžื•.]โ€
ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจ: ืืคื™ืœื• ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื‘ืจื ื”ื—ืคืฅ ื”ื–ื” ืžื” ื ืื” ื”ื•ื ื–ื” - ื™ืฆื.
ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื›ืžื” ื ืื” ืคืช ื–ื•", "ื›ืžื” ื ืื” ืชืื ื” ื–ื•", ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ืคืช".
ืœื ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžืื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืชื• ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”:โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื“ [ืžื–.]โ€
ืžื‘ืจืš ืขืœ ืชื•ืจืžื•ืกื”, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™: ืขืœ ืฉื ืืœ ืชื’ื–ื•ืœ ื“ืœ ื›ื™ ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื (ืœื ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ ืžื”ืชื•ืจืžื•ืก ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืชื•).
ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžืื›ืœ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืชื•, ืืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื’ื•ื–ืœ ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืœื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืกื— ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืž:โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืชืขื ื™ืช ืค"ื ื”"ื [ื‘:], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื” ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื:โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืค"ื ื”"ื‘ [ื“:], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ืคืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื‘ื›ื™ืกื ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื:โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื” [ืžื–:]โ€
ืคืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื›ื™ืกื ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ - ื˜ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื”.
ืœืื—ืจื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœื ืžื‘ืจืš, ื•ืœืคื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช.
ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืงื” ืค"ื• ื”"ื• [ืžื—:]โ€
ืกื“ืจ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื•' ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื™ื“ื• ืื—ืช (ืžืจืื” ื”ืคื ื™ื ืคื™ืจืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืงื”, ื•ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืงื” ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ ืื—ืช).
ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื˜ื•. ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืงื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื.
ื”ืกื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื‘.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื• [ืžื—:]โ€
ื”ื™ืกื™ื‘ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืจืš ืœื›ื•ืœืŸ ื•ื›ื•'. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืืžืจ: ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ืŸ (ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”) ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ื™ืชื (ื”ืžืฉื ื”), ื”ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชื• - ืœื. ืชื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื: ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืชื•.
ืœื ื—ื™ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช.
ืชื™ื›ืฃ ืœื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” - ื‘ืžื™ื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื‘.โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื ื”"ื [ื•.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ื‘ืจื›ืช ืฉืžืŸ ืืคืจืกืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื’.โ€ โ€ข ืค"ื• ื”"ื• [ืžื˜:]โ€
ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื‘ืขื ืžื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืœืจื‘ื™ ื–ืขื•ืจื. ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ (ืžื” ืžื‘ืจืš) ืขืœ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืจื‘? ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืจื™ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžืŸ ืขืจื‘. ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืจื™ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืฆื™ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื. ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืจ ืื‘ื ื‘ืจ ืžื—ืกื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื—ื ื ืืœ ื”ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ืชื‘ื™ืŸ, ื—ื“ ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ืชืŸ ืจื™ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืฆื™ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื—ืจื ื” (ื•ื”ืื—ืจ) ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ืชืŸ ืจื™ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืฉื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ.
ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืŸ: ื‘ื•ืจื ืฉืžืŸ ืืจืฆื ื•, ื‘ื•ืจื ืฉืžืŸ ืขืจื‘.
ื’ื™ืจืกื ื”ืคื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉืžืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื’:โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื— ื”"ื” [ืก.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ืื›ืœ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชืื ื” ื•ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ื” ืค"ื• ื”"ื— [ื .]โ€
ืื›ืœ ื‘ืžื–ืจื—ื” ืฉืœ ืชืื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš.
ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ื“ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข (ืื•"ื— ืกื™' ืงืขื— ืกืขื™ืฃ ื‘). ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื“ืŸ ื‘ืคืกื—ื™ื ืงื:
ื ื•ืกื— ื‘ืจื›ืช ืžื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื“.โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื˜ ื”"ื‘ [ืกื”.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ื‘ืจื›ืช ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื“:โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืค"ื‘ ื”"ื’ [ื™ื“.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.
ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื‘ืจื ืžื™ ืจืคื•ืื•ืช ืค"ื• ื”"ื— [ื :]โ€
ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืชื” ืžื™ ื“ืงืจื™ืก ืžื”ื• ืื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื‘ืจื ืžื™ ืจืคื•ืื•ืช.
ื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืœื ื ืžืฆืืช, ืืœื ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื‘ื“ืฃ ืœื•. ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืฉืขืœ ืจืคื•ืื•ืช ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื 4 . ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืงื™. ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ: ืžื™ ื“ืงืจื™ื.
ืฆื ื•ืจืื” ื”ื™ืืš ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžื”.โ€
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื“ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืค"ื– ื”"ื‘ [ืž.], ื•ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ืฉื.



^ 1.ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ืžืกืงื ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™" ืกืขื™ืฃ โ€Žืกื‘โ€Ž.
^ 2.ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืœื ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—, ื”ื•ื“ืื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื“ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช (ื”ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ื“ื ื• ืœืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”). ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™" ืกืขื™ืฃ โ€Žื˜โ€Ž.
^ 3.ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืืš ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืคื•ื›ื•ืช. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™" ืกืขื™ืฃ โ€Žโ€Žืขโ€Ž.
^ 4.ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืœื‘ืจืš ื’ื ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืš ืฆื•ืจืš, ื›ืžื• ื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื ื ื”ื ื” ืžื”ืžืื›ืœ. ืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™" ืกืขื™ืฃ โ€Žื™โ€Ž.
undefined

ื”ืจื‘ ืื—ื™ืงื ืงืฉืช

ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
     ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืฉืจืงื™
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืœืžื” ืคื™ืฉืจ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
  • undefined
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined

    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il