ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ืฆื“ืงื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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816
10 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืืช

ืฉื•ืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืช ืฆื‘ื™ื”

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื. ืจืงืข: ืกืขื™ืฃ 46 ืœืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”
ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ื”ื’ื•ืช ืœืชืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ืžืก ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื - ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืœื›ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื•ืœื™ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืžืก, ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื”ื, ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื’ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื™ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื™ืง ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื”ื. ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ - "ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™". ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืขื•ื“. ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื•ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ื›ืš ื ื—ืกืš ื›ืกืฃ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช, ืืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืฉื” ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ืืš ืœื ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ.
ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”: [ื] ืกืขื™ืฃ 9 (2) ื”ืžืงื ื” ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื›'ืžื•ืกื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™' ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ืžื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืขืกืง; [ื‘] ืกืขื™ืฃ 46 - ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื•ืจื, ืฉืชืจื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจ ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 9 (2) ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก.
ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจ ื›'ืžื•ืกื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™' ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 9 (2), ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื™ืฃ 46, ืžื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช. 1
ืื“ื ืฉืชืจื ื‘ืฉื ืช ืžืก ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืขืœ 420 ืฉ"ื— (ืกื”"ื› ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช), ื™ื–ื•ื›ื” ืžื”ืžืก ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื - 35% ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ืชืจื•ืžื”. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืชืงืจื” ืœืกื›ื•ื ื”ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช.
ื“ื•ื’ืžื”:
ืื“ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” 100,000 โ‚ช.
ื ื ื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืœื 20,000 โ‚ช ืžืก (20%).
ืื ืชืจื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” 10,000 โ‚ช.
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื: 3,500 โ‚ช.
ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืžืก: 16,500 โ‚ช.
ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืชื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื“ืงื”, ื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืก. ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช: ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื•ื›ืจื” ื›ืžืก ืื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ืืœื ืœืื•ืชื• ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืชืจืžื• ืœื•.
ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืกืฃ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื›ืžืก ืื• ื›ืฆื“ืงื”? ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื• ื›ืžื™ ืฉืคื•ืจืข ื—ื•ื‘ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื“ืงื”?
ืฉืืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืžืกื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืœ ื’ื ืžื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš. ื”ืื ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืžืก? ืื“ื ืฉืžืฉืœื ืžืกื™ื ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืื—ื•ื– ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืืžื ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ื•ืœืš ื’ื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ื“'. ื”ืื ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”?
ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื ืงื“ื™ื ื•ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืงืฉืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืžืกื™ื.

ื‘. ืฆื“ืงื” ื›ืžืก
ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื ื’ื‘ืชื” ื›ืžืก. ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื• ืงื‘ืขื• ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืชืช ืกืš ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœืงื•ืคื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื›ืกืฃ ื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” - ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื“', ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื’ื ืœืฆื“ืงื”. ื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื’ืž' ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื˜ ืข"ื‘, ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื— ืข"ื‘: 2
ืจื‘ื ืื›ืคื™ื” ืœืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ ืืžื™, ื•ืฉืงื™ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื” ื–ื•ื–ื™ ืœืฆื“ืงื”. 3
ืจื‘ื ื• ื’ืจืฉื•ื (ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื— ืข"ื‘) ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ ืืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืขืฉื™ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืจื‘ื ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ื–ื•ื–, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“. ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืชื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื–ื•ื– (ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื, ื‘), ื•ืขื ื™ ืฉืจืฉืื™ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœืงื˜ ืฉื›ื—ื” ื•ืคืื” ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืืชื™ื™ื ื–ื•ื– (ืžืฉื ื” ืคืื” ื—, ื—). ืกื›ื•ื ื–ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ืžืื—ืจ ืฉ: "ืžืืชื™ื ื–ื•ื– - ืฉื™ืขืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื• ื‘ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื• ืœืฉื ื”" (ืจ"ืฉ ืžืฉืื ืฅ, ืคืื” ืฉื). ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืจื‘ื ื’ื‘ื” ืžืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ ืืžื™ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ืืžื ื ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ื”ืขืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื•ื– ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืจื‘ื ื•ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ ืืžื™ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื–ื•ื– ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“. 4 ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืœื ื ืชื‘ืืจ ืื ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื’ื‘ื” ืžืžื ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ืช ืื• ืงื‘ื•ืขื”, ืœืื™ื–ื• ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช ื™ื•ืขื“ ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ืื• ืฉืื›ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
ืชื•ืก' ืฉืืœื• ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื”ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื (ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื˜ ืข"ื‘ ื“"ื” ืื›ืคื™ื”):
ืื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืจื‘ื - ื•ื"ืช ื”ื™ืืš ื›ืคื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืžืชืŸ ืฉื›ืจื” ื‘ืฆื“ื” ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ "ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื“, ื›ื˜), ื•ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืค' ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ (ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืงื™ ืข"ื‘ ื•ืฉื) ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉืžืชืŸ ืฉื›ืจื” ื‘ืฆื“ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื” ืžื•ื–ื”ืจื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”?
ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ืื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
ืื™ ื ืžื™ ืงืฆื‘ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืชืช ื›ืš ื•ื›ืš ืœื—ื“ืฉ, ื”ืœื›ืš ืื›ืคื™ื™ื”. ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง ืงืžื ื“ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื (ื“ืฃ ื— ืข"ื‘ ื•ืฉื) ื“ืจืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืขืœ ืงื™ืฆืชืŸ.
ืฉืืœืช ืชื•ืก' ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื’ื“ืจื™ ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ. ืชื•ืก' ืœื ื”ืชืขื›ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืœืชืช ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื›ื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ, ืฉืืœืช ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”. ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืจื‘ื ื›ืคื” ืืช ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืจ ืืžื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืื“ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉื›ืจื”.
ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืชื•ืก' ืฉืจื‘ื ืฉื›ื ืข, ื”ืคืฆื™ืจ ืืš ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช. ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื• ื”ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืงืฆื‘ื• ืœืชืช ืกื›ื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืคื” ืื•ืชื•. ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ืื ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืก ืื—ืจ, ืื• ื”ืื ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืœืžื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ืกื›ื•ื, ืื• ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข, ืืš ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื” ื›ืžืก. ื”ืชื•ืก' ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื— ืข"ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ "ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืขืœ ืงื™ืฆืชืŸ" - ืœื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืงืฆืฆื•, ืงื‘ืขื•. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืฉื ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืžืก, ืื ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆื“ืงื”. ืืš ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืชื•ืก' ืงื™ืฉืจื• ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื ืœื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœื”ืกื™ืข ืขืœ ืงื™ืฆืชืŸ, ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืก. ืืš ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืงื™ื™ื ืจื‘ ื ืชืŸ ื’ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”.
ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืก' ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืก' ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื— ืข"ื‘ (ื“"ื” ืื›ืคื™ื”) ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืจ"ืช. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื• ืชื ื”ืœืœื• ืชื•ืืžื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”, ื‘ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืžื“ื•ืข ืฆื“ืงื” ืžืชื—ืœืงืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื”. ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื— ืข"ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืก' ื“"ื” ื•ืžืชื—ืœืงืช:
ื•ืžืชื—ืœืงืช ื‘ื’' ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช - ื•ื"ืช ืžื”ืื™ ื˜ืขืžื ื ืžื™ ืชื”ื ื ื’ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื’'? ื•ืคื™ืจืฉ ืจื‘ื ื• ืชื ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื“ื•ืข ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ืžื” ื™ืชืŸ.
ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืžืก. ืœื ืจืง ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื”, ืืœื ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžืก ื•ืœื”ืคืš. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืคื™ื• ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืžืก, ื ืžืฆื ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื (ืฉื•"ืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ื—ืœืง ื—, ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืกื™' ืงื›ื•):
ืฉืืœืช: ืื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืก, ืื• ืœืคื™ ื ื“ื‘ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ื•? ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื‘ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื. ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื“ื‘ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื ื”ื’ื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืก. ืื‘ืœ ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืจืื” ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืคืจื ืก ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ืฉืžืžื ื• ืžืคืจื ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื. ื•ื›ืžื” ื ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื•ื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ืจื›ื”. 5
ื›ืืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”, ืข"ืค ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืžืก. ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ืฉืช ืกื›ื•ื, ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื ืฆื“ืงื”. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžื›ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ, ืืš ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืืคืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ (ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™' ืจื  ืกืขื™ืฃ ื™ื‘), ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื:
...ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ ื•ืจื‘ื• ืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื”ืฆื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื ื™ืกืคื™ืง ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื” ื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”, ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืชืŸ ื›ืคื™ ื ื“ื‘ืช ืœื™ื‘ื•. ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืืžืจื• ืœืคื™ ืžืžื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ืงื”. ื•ืคืกืง ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื, ืœืคื™ ืฉืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ื•ืื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ืกืคื™ืง ื™ื—ื–ืจื• ืื—"ื› ืขืœ ื”ืคืชื—ื™ื. ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจ ื ื“ืœื“ืœ ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื”ืงื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื ืชื ื• ืœืคื™ ื ื“ื‘ืช ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืœื—ืฆื™ื ื• ื–ื• ื”ื“ื—ืง.
ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ืกื›ื•ื ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืžืก ื•ืœื ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœ ื ื“ื‘ืช ืœื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืžืœืžื“ืช ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืžืก.
ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงืžื—ื ื“ืคืกื—ื. ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืื™ืกืจืœื™ืฉ, ื”ืจืž"ื (ื“ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื” ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชื›ื˜ ืก"ืง ื), ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข:
ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ืžืก ืขืœ ื”ืงื”ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืชืช ื‘ืคืกื— ืœืขื ื™ื™ื.
ื•ื›ืš ื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื ื™ืื•ืจ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืื“ื™, ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื™ื, (ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืชื›ื˜ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”):
ืžื ื”ื’ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื›ืœ ืงื”ืœ ื•ืงื”ืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื™ื ืžืก ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขื™ืจืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื—ื˜ื™ื ืœืคืกื— ืœืงื ื•ืชื ื•ืœื—ืœืงื ืœืขื ื™ื™ ืขื™ืจืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื“ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื™"ื‘ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ืขืฉื” ื›ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื™ืชืŸ ืžืก ืขืžื”ื ืœื–ื” ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืžืžืก ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื ืœืคื™ ืฉืฆื“ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื–ื•.
ื›ืืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—, ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื›ืฆื“ืงื”. ื–ื”ื• ืืžื ื ืžืก ืฉืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืœื ืงืžื—ื ื“ืคืกื—ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆื“ืงื”. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืก ื”ื™ื ืฆื“ืงื”, ืœื ื’ื•ืจืขืช ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ื•ืชืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”.

ื’. ืฉืœื ื™ืคืจืข ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืฆื“ืงื”
ืืš ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ. ื”ืจืž"ื, (ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืžื˜, ื) ืคืกืง ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื:
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืžืขืฉืจ ืฉืœื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื• ืฉืืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืจืง ื™ืชื ื ื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ื (ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ื”ืœ' ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”).
ืื“ื ืฉื™ื™ืขื“ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ืช ืžืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื• ืœืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื, ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืื—ืจืช. ื’ื ืœื ืœืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืืš ื•ืจืง ืœืขื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื˜"ื– (ืฉื ืก"ืง ื) ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“:
ืจืง ื™ืชื ื ื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ื โ€“ ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื‘ื”ื ืžืกื™ื ื“ืืกื•ืจ. ืืข"ื’ ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืค"ืง ื“ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื (ื˜ ืข"ื) ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ืงืจื™ ื–ื” ืคื•ืจืข ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื”.
ืื ืืกื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืจื•ืข ืžื›ืกืฃ ื–ื” ืžืกื™ื. ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืžืกื™ื. ืื ืžืงื•ื“ื ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ื ื•ืฆื“ืงื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ื˜"ื– ืืกื•ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื–ื” ื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื•. ืื“ื ืœื•ืงื— ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ืกืš ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืœื• ื”ื ื—ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœื•, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” "ืคื•ืจืข ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื”".
ื”ื˜"ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื˜ ืข"ื ืฉื ื ืืžืจ:
ื•ืืžืจ ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ืื“ื ืฉื•ืงืœ ืฉืงืœื• ื•ืžืชื›ืคืจ ืœื•. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงื™ื™ื, ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” - ืžื•ื˜ื‘, ื•ืื ืœืื• - ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข. ื•ืืขืค"ื› ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื•ื ื’ืฉื™ืš ืฆื“ืงื”" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืก, ื™ื–).
ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ื›ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืฆื“ืงื”, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช "ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ืงืจื™ ื–ื” ืคื•ืจืข ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื”". ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืกื™ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ืข"ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืฆื“ืงื”? ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืžื ื—ื ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ (ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ืฉื):
ื•ื“ืจืš ื”ืขืจื” ืืžืจื• ื–ื›ื” ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืžืžื•ื ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขื ื™ื™ื, ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืช ื•ื ื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ื ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืฉื•ื™ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” [=ื›ืคื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ืงื”] ืฉืืขืค"ื› ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื”ื ื‘ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืฃ ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืช ื”ืžืก ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืฆื“ ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื ื›ื” ื—ืœืง ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืคื ื™ื• ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืžื™ืŸ.

ื”ืžืื™ืจื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉื ืœืงื— ื‘ื›ื— ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืฆื“ืงื”. ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืื• ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืžืจื›ื›ื™ื ืืช ื™ื—ืกื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื. ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืžื”ืจืฉ"ื ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ืฉื:
ื•ืืขืค"ื› ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืฆื“ืงื” ื›ื•'. ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขื›ื•"ื ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืชื—ืช ื”ืขื ื™.
ืืš ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื•. ื›ืืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ืฉื”ืคืจื™ืฉ ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืงืœ ื‘ืžืกื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš. ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื ื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื›ืกืคื• ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ืืœื ืœื”ืคืš, ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื• ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืชืŸ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืฆื“ืงื” ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืฉืœื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ื•ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืืŸ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื•ืœืš. ื›ืืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืื—ื•ื– ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฆื“ืงื”. ืืœื ืฉื’ื ืื ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืžื”, ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืžืจืืฉ. ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื•ืชื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืื•ืชื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™.
ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš. ืื ืื“ื ืฉื™ืœื ืžืกื™ื, ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืกืš ืžืกื•ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžืก ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ืกืฃ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฆื“ืงื”. ื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉื ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ื˜"ื– ืฉื•ื ื”. ืฉื ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžืก, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžืก ืžื›ืกืฃ ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ื›ืืŸ, ื”ืžืก ื”ื•ื ืžืก, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืฆื“ืงื”, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื”. 6
ืข"ืค ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืื—ืจืช ืœืฉืืœื” ืฉื ืฉืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื”ื“ืื™ื” (ืฉื•"ืช ื™ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื’):

ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืฉืœื ืžืžืขื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืœืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”? ื”ื ื” ื”ื’ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื“ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจืชื ื• ื ืžื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื–ืืช... ืž"ืž ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืจืง ืœืขืžืœื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉ ืžื•ืจื ื‘ื”ื’ื” ื‘[ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื”] ืกื™' ืžื˜"ืจ ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœืชื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื›"ื  ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืžืฆื•ื” ืจื‘ืชื™ ืฉ"ื‘ืื•ืจื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื• ื”' " (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื›ื“, ื˜ื•), ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืืกืจื•. ื"ื› ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื“ื™ื ื ืžื•ืฆืืช ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉื•ื ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื“ื”ื•ื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื ื“ืžืœื›ื•ืชื ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืชื‘ื ื• ื“ื“' ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื“ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื ืžืžืขื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืืœื ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื›ื "ืœ.
ืื•ืœื ื ืœืข"ื“ ื“ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื’ื ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ื• ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืฆืจื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืื” ื’ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื.
ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชื™ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืคื™ ืžืž"ืฉ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื“"ื ื–"ืœ ืฉื ื‘ืกื™' ืžื˜"ืจ ืื•ืช ื’' ื•ืื•ืช ื—"ื™ ื“ืื ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืคื™ืจืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืคื™ื• ื™ืขืฉื” ื›ื "ืœ.
ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื“ืื™ื” ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื™ ืฉืœื•ืงื— ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ ื’ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื–ื”. ืืš ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืื—ืจืช. ืื ืื“ื ื™ื™ืขื“ ื›ืกืฃ ืœืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื, ืขืœ ื›ืš ืืžืจ ื”ื˜"ื– ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžื”ืฆื“ืงื”. ืืš ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืœื ืœืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื›ืขืช ื™ืคื˜ืจื• ืื•ืชื• ืžืœืฉืœื ืžืก ืขืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื• ื›ืœ ืžื˜ืจื” ืื—ืจืช, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื”.
ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ืžืก ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื ืœืงื— ื‘ื›ื•ื—, ืืœื ื›ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ืฉื•ืžืจ ื—ื•ืง ื•ืกื“ืจ ืžืฉืœื, ืžืก ืขืœ ืฉื›ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืจื ื•ื ื” ื•ืขื•ื“, ื•ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืฆื“ืงื” โ€“ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืงื™ืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืก ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืžื” ื’ื ืฉืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื–ื•.

ืกื™ื›ื•ื
ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืก ืข"ืค ืกืขื™ืฃ 46, ืคืจื™ืขืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื“ืงื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืœืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืžื•ื›ืจ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืœืชืจื•ื ืขื•ื“, ื•ื›ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื, ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืจื›ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื•ื’ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืœื•ืช ืžืก.

(ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ืžืก ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ 46 ืื™ื ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืคื•ืจืขื™ ื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื“ืงื”, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืฆื•ื™ ื•ืžื‘ื•ืจืš).



^ 1.ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืื•ื“ื•ืช "ืžื•ืกื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™" ื”ื•ื ืข"ืค ื“"ืจ ื ื™ืกืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ืจ, ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืืงื“ืžืื™ื™ื, ืื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”. ืจืื”: http://www.sheatufim.org.il/multimedia/upl_doc/doc_050412_5738.pdf.

^ 2.ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืกืขื™ืฃ ื–ื” ื ื–ื›ืจื” ื’ื ื‘ืžืืžืจ: ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื–ื•ื ืชื™", ืกื™ืžืŸ ื™ื—.
^ 3.ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื ืœืจ' ืืžื™ ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ื ืชืŸ, ื ืœืžื“ ืžื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื’ืž' ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื ื™ ืข"ื‘ ืฉื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืื™ืคืจื ื”ื•ืจืžื™ื– ืฉืœื—ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืžืื•ืช ื“ื™ื ืจื™ื ืœืจ' ืืžื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื, ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืœืจื‘ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื•ื—ื™ืœืงื• ืœืขื ื™ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ืจื‘ื ื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื™ืจ (ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื›ื— ืข"ื). ืจื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื, ื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžื—ื•ื–ื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ืงื™ื˜ ืข"ื).
^ 4.ื‘ื’ืž' ื‘ืกื•ื›ื” ืžื ืข"ื‘ ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืœืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืœื‘ (=ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื™ื ื™ื) ืฉืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืœืฃ ื–ื•ื–. ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ื•ื”ื’ืž' ืฉื•ืืœืช: "ืœืžื” ืœื™ ืœืžื™ืžืจ ืฉืœืงื—ื• ื‘ืืœืฃ ื–ื•ื–? ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืขืš ื›ืžื” ืžืฆื•ืช ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ". ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื!!!

^ 5.ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื•ืฃ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื ; ืจืž"ื ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจื , ื”.
^ 6.ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื•ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื’, ืฉื•"ืช ืฆื™ืฅ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื—ืœืง ื˜, ืกื™' ื ืคืจืง ื” ืขืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื”: "ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ืงื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืคื•ืจืขื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ". ื”ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืฉื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืž"ื ื•ื”ื˜"ื–, ืืš ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื. ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ื”: ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื•"ืช ืื’ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื” ื™ื•ืจื” ื“ืขื” ื—ืœืง ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืงืžื’ ื“"ื” ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ; ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื“ืŸ, ืื•ืจื— ืฆื“ืงื”, ืขืž' ืงืžื˜, ื•ืขืž' ืจื•-ืจื–; ืฉืœืžื” ืœื•ื™, "ืžืกื™ื ื›ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื›ืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื", ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ, ืœื‘ (ืชืฉืข"ื‘), ืขืž' 202-190; ืื‘ืจื”ื ื•ื™ื ืจื•ื˜, "ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื›ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืžืขืฉืจ ื›ืกืคื™ื", ืื‘ ื‘ื“ืขืช, ืขืž' 463-453.

ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•ืœื“ืŸ, ืฆื“ืงื•ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฉื‘ื™ ื“ืจื•ื ืชืฉืข"ื—, ืขืž' 268-261
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ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•ืœื“ืŸ

ืžืคืงื— ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื”ื•ืจืืช ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืชื•ืฉื‘ืข"ืค ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื“ืชื™; ืžืจืฆื” ื‘ืžื“ืจืฉื” ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ ืื™ืœืŸ ื•ื‘ืžื›ืœืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช.
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    ืคืกื—ื™ื

    ื”ืกื‘ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ โ€“ ืžืฆื” ื•ืืจื‘ืขื” ื›ื•ืกื•ืช

    ืคืกื—ื™ื ืฆ"ื˜ ืข"ื‘, ืง"ื— ืข"ื

    ื˜"ื– ืฉื‘ื˜ ืชืฉืค"ื
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    ืืจืฅ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืžืฉืคื˜

    ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฉื ืช ื”ืจื™ื"ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื’

    ืคืจืง ื'

    ื˜ื‘ืช ืชืฉืข"ื˜
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    ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื—ืžืฅ

    ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ืžืฅ ื›ืฉื™"ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช

    ืคืกื—ื™ื ื™ื ืข"ื‘, ื™ื’ ืข"ื, ืžื˜ ืข"ื

    ืื“ืจ ืชืฉืค"ื”
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    ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื“ืจ

    ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช "ืžื” ื ืฉืชื ื”"

    ืคืจืง ื›ื“

    ื›ื“ ืื“ืจ ื‘ ืชืฉืก"ื—
ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”
ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื”
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™

    ืฉื™ื—ืช ืžื•ืฆ"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช

    ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืืช ื”ืžื•ื•ืช, ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื—ื˜ืื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื•, ื™ื—ืก ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืจื - ืฉื™ื•ื™ืชื™ ื”' ืœื ื’ื“ื™ ืชืžื™ื“, ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ืืช ื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืกื•ืคื”..."

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื”' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืคื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื”ืžืฉืš ื—ื˜ื ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืคื™ ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื“ืจืฉ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื’ื’ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื” ืฉื’ื’, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืš ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื˜ืขื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    31 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื—ื˜ื ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื•

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ื•ืงืช ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉืžืฉื” ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืขืฉืจื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื˜ื ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ืœืคื™ ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il