ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื
  • ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื
undefined
132
5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืกื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉื–ื›ื” ืœืขื•ืฉืจ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ื—ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื•, ื•ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจ ืœื•: ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชื•ืงืง ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื. ื‘ื ืืฆืœ ืจื‘ื• ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ื•ืืฃ ืืžืจ ืฉืœืฉื ื›ืš ื™ืชืจื•ื ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™: "ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื‘ืงืฆื” ืฉื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื’ืจื” ืืœืžื ื” ืขื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืคืกื—. ืชืงื ื” ืœื”ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’ ื•ืชืงื™ื™ื ืื™ืชื ืืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืชื–ื›ื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•".
ืงื ื” ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’ ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื“ืคืง ืขืœ ื“ืœืช ื‘ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืœืžื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื” ืœืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื”ืืœืžื ื”: "ื‘ื™ืชื™ ืจื™ืง, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืืจื— ืื•ืชืš?". ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ: ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืžื”ืขื’ืœื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ืืฃ ื›ืœื™ื ื ืื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื—ื’ื’ ืื™ืชื ืืช ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ. ื•ื”ื™ื• ื”ืืœืžื ื” ื•ืืจื‘ืขืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื” ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกื—.
ืจืง ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื”, ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•. ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืชืื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ื”ืจื‘ื™: "ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”, ื•ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”' ืชื–ื›ื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•".
ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืœืžื ื” ื›ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ, ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืข ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื ื™ึธื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื. ื ื™ื—ืžื” ืื•ืชื ืื™ืžื ื•ืืžืจื”: "ื”ื‘ื” ื•ื ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื— ืœื ื• ื”' ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’, ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื— ืœื ื• ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื".
ื“ืคืง ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื•ื ื›ื ืก ืขื ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ื”ืืœืžื ื” ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื” ืฉืžื—ื•, ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืฉืžื— ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืชื’ืœื” ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื.
ื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื’ืžืจ, ืื•ืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื–ื›ื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืืœืžื ื” ื•ืขื–ืจ ืœื—ื ืš ื•ืœื—ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื.
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื (820)
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
745 - ื”ืกืคืจ 'ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ืชื”' ื•ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืขื•ืจืจ
746 - ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
747 - ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• โ€“ ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื”
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“

ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”
ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื: "ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืงื‘ืœืช ืคื ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื”" (ืฉื‘ืช ืงื›ื–, ื‘), ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”' ื ื’ืœื” ืืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื‘ืืœื•ื ื™ ืžืžืจื, ื•ื›ืฉืจืื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื—ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื”' ื™ืชื‘ืจืš ืฉื™ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืืœื™ื•. ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื”' ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื”ืื“ื ืœืžื˜ื”, ื•ื”ืื“ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืžืขื˜ ืžืืช ื”'. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืขืช ืฉืื“ื ืžื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืจื—ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื“ืจื›ื• (ืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื ืชื™ื‘ ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ื“).

ืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืกื™ืคืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื—ื” ืจื–: "ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉ"ื™ ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืคื’ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืฉืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ืื‘ืจืžืกืงื™ (ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืื‘ืจืžืกืงื™). ืฉื— ืœื• ืขื’ื ื•ืŸ: ื–ื” ืขืชื” ื‘ื ืื ื•ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืงื•ืง, ืฉืืžืจ ืœื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื•. ืฉืืœืชื™ื•: ืžื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื• ืœืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ืืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื? ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง: ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื”... ืคืขืžื™ื ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืงื”, ื•ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื• ื‘ืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื‘. ืื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืชื™ืจืื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ืœื ื ื™ืกื™ืช - ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉื˜ืช ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื”" (ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื, ืขืž' 323).

ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืœื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืืจื™ื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ
ืกื™ืคืจ ืจ' ืฉืžื—ื” ืจื–: "ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ืช ืชืฉ"ืœ (1970), ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืœืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ืฉื ื™ืื•ืจืกื•ืŸ ืžืœื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื›ื™ ืืฉื”ื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื™ืžื™ื ืกืคื•ืจื™ื, ื•ืื“ืข ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืื ื™ื•ืขื™ื“ื• ืœื™ ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื™ ('ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช'). ื ืขื ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœื™ ืขืฉืจ ื“ืงื•ืช ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื™ืœื™ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืงืจ...
ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืœื—ื“ืจื• ื•ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืคืชื—. ื›ืฉื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ืขืฆืžื™, ืืžืจ ืœื™: 'ืœืคื ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืงืจืืชื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืŸ "ืคื ื™ื ืืœ ืคื ื™ื" ื›ืชื‘ื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืจ' ืืจื™ื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ (ืฉื ืคื˜ืจ ืฉื ื” ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ) - ื”ืื ืืชื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืชื‘?'
ืžืฉื”ืฉื‘ืชื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘, ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืฉืืœ: 'ื”ืื ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืจ' ืืจื™ื” ื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”?' ื”ืฉื‘ืชื™: 'ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ, ืืš ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืื•ืœื ื—ื–"ืœ ืืžืจื•: ืืœ ื™ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืื“ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื›ื” - ืฉืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื–ื•ื›ืจื”ื• (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื, ื), ื•ืื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื ืคื˜ืจ ืจ' ืืจื™ื” - ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืื ื• ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื”ืœื›ืช...'
ืฉืืœื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™: 'ื”ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืจ' ืืจื™ื”?'
ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื—ืกื“ ืฉืขืฉื” ืจ' ืืจื™ื”. ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžืœื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื—ื“ืจื•, ื•ืžืื–ื™ืŸ. ื”ื•ืกืคืชื™ ื•ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื• ื’ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืžืคื™ื•, ื•ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ื”ืชืคืขืœ, ืื—ื– ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™: 'ื–ื• ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืข ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื–ื” ื•ื”ืืžืŸ ืœื™, ื–ื• ืืžื™ืชื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”...'
ืžืฉื ืชืืจื›ื” ื”ืฉื™ื—ื”, ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืืฉื‘ ืœื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•, ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืืžืจ: 'ืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ'; 'ืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ'... ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืจืงื• ื•ื‘ื”ืงื•...
ืฉื™ื—ืชื ื• ืืจื›ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืฉืขื” ื•ื’ืœืฉื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืœื”. ืื• ืื– ื ืคืชื—ื” ื”ื“ืœืช ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื ื™ื’ืฉ ื•ืจืžื– ื›ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื•ื›ื™ ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืื ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื—ื”... ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืืช ืกืœื™ื—ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช. ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื™ ืœืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•: 'ื”ื ื— ืœื• - ืื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ื• ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืขืžื•'.
ืžืฉื™ืฆื ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื™: 'ื ื•, ื•ืฉืžื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™?...' ื•ื›ื” ื”ืขืœื™ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ื• - ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื” ื ื•ืกืคืช - ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืคืฆื™ืข ื”ืฉื—ืจ... ื‘ืชื•ื ืฉื™ื—ืช 'ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช' ื–ื•, ืฉืืจื›ื” ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืฉืขืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืฉืขืžื“ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ื™, ืืžืจ ืœื™: 'ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืชื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื, ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช!'" (ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื, ืขืž' 279).
ืจ' ืฉืžื—ื” ืจื– ืื›ืŸ ื–ื›ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืกืคืจื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ 'ืื™ืฉ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ื™ื”', ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืžืฉืš 'ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื', ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืœืžื“.

ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ
ืฉืืœื”: ื”ืื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืžื ื”ื’ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืกืคืจื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš "ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ" ืื—ืจ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸึพืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ 72 ื“ืงื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉืžื™ ืฉื ื•ืกืข ืžืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš "ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ"?
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš "ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ" ืขืœ ื ืกื™ืขื” ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ื ืชืงื ื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืกื›ื ื”. ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืš ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืชื•ื“ื” (ืจื"ืฉ, ืื•ืจ ื–ืจื•ืข ื•ืกืž"ื’). ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื—ื™ื™ ืื“ื (ืื—ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืกื˜), ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžื‘ืจืš ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืืœืฃ ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืžืื•ืช ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื”ืื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืื“ื ืฉื ื•ืกืข ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•, ื•ื ืกื™ืขืชื• ืื•ืจื›ืช 72 ื“ืงื•ืช (ื”ืœื•ืš ื•ื—ื–ื•ืจ), ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ?!
ืืœื ืฉื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ื ืชืงื ื” ืœืžืงืจื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื›ื ื•ืช, ื•ืžื” ืฉื ื—ืœืงื• ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืกืคืจื“ ื•ืืฉื›ื ื– ื”ื•ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืกื›ื ื” ืคื™ ืžืื” ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ืœื‘ืจืš ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ืื•ืžื ื ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื”ืจื’ื™ื ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžืื•ื“, ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืื• ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืžื‘ื˜ื™ื”. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืจืš ื”ื’ื•ืžืœ ืขืœ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืืจืฆื ื• (ืจืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื“, ื•, ืืช ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ).

ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜
ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื• ื ื’ื“ ืกืคืจื• 'ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื”ืœื›ืชื”'. ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืขื ืฉืชื™ ืฉืืœื•ืช: ื) ื”ืื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื” ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ื”ืฉืชื›ื ืข ืฉื˜ืขื”, ืื• ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืžืขื˜ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ืื• ืฉืžื•ืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ื™ืจื‘ืš ืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข?
ื‘) ื”ืื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืฉืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืกืœื™ื—ื”?
ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื›ืžื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืžื›ืœืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ืœื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืคืกืงื™ื•. ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืœืจื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ ืžื™ื™ืง: "ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืœื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืื™ื ืฉื™ ื“ืœื ืžืขืœื™ ื”ืคืฆื™ืจื• ื‘ื• ื•ืœื—ืฆื• ืขืœื™ื•". ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืžืจ: "ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืคืกืง" (ืกืคืจ 'ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ืืจื™ืืœ' ืชืฉืข"ื’ ืขืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช, ืขืž' 302). ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื ื•ื—ื ื‘ืœืก ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ืœืจ' ืืฉืจ ื•ืกืจื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื' ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ืชืฉื›"ื”: "ืขืœื™ื™ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืš ื›ื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขืงื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืจืง, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ืœืงื—ืชื™ ื”'ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื™ื' ืฉืœื”ื ืœืœื™ื‘ื™, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื›ืชื‘ื• ืžื–ื” ื‘ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืข, ื•ื’ื ืคืจืกืžื• ืืช ื”'ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื™ื' ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”".
ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืง, ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืื•ื™ืจื‘ืš ื™ืขืฅ ืœื• "ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืกืคืจ ื™ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืžื” ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืขื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืกืง ืื• ืืช ื”ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ...". ื•ืื•ืžื ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืœืขื™ื–ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขื ื• ืขืœื™ื• "ืฉื ื›ื ืข ืœื—ื•ืžืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืœื—ืฆื™ื". ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื• ื”ื™ื” "ืื™ืฉ ืืžืช ื”ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืœืœื ื—ืช ื•ืœืœื ืžื•ืจื". ืืœื ืฉืžืคื ื™ ืขื ื•ื•ืชื ื•ืชื• "ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ื“ืขืชื• ืžืคื ื™ ื“ืขืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื" ('ืžื‘ืฉืŸ ืืฉื™ื‘' ื—"ื, ืขืž' 617).
ืื—ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœ, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ื™ืจื‘ืš, ืฉื”ื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืขืชื ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช.

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ 'ื‘ืฉื‘ืข'
undefined

ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจืœื™ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื–ื™ ืงืœื›ื”ื™ื™ื ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื
    57 ื“ืง'
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"

    ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื“ื•ืข? ื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• | ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื ื ืื• ื‘ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืื ื”ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช | ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื–ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืขืก | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”
    ื”ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”

    ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ื™ื—ื™ ืงืฆื™ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–
    ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ

    ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ
    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืื™ื™ืจ ื”'ืชืฉื "ื—
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™

    ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื’ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื–, ื– | ืคืจืง ื—, ื-ื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืื‘ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื˜ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื“ืจืš ืคืกืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืื“ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”
    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”

    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื’ืžืจื ื•ืœื—ื˜ื ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืคืจื™ื•ืŸ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—
    26 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?
    4 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• - ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื: ืžื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืขื ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ืกื•ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืคืจ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืง ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ื ืฉืžื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืืจื™ื ืกื“ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืชืงื™ืขืช ืฉื•ืคืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื’ ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื–
    31 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืœืจืžื‘"ื

    ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 4

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืžื” ื›ื’ืฉืจ ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžืชืจื’ื ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื™ื, ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืขืฉื”. ื“ืจืš ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื, ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง ื•ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœืขืจื‘ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืžื•ื ืข ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขื ื™ืง ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il