ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
  • ื ืฆื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
  • ื•ื™ืœืš

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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8 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 32 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื ืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ืœืš 1
ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช

ืืชื ื ืฆื‘ื™ื - ื›ื•ืœื›ื!
"ืึทืชึผึถื ื ึดืฆึผึธื‘ึดื™ื ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื›ึผึปืœึผึฐื›ึถื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื˜, ื˜). ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืงื™ื™ื ืœืขื“, ื•ื”ืืžื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช: "ืืชื ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื›ื", ืœื ื ืืžืจื” ืจืง ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ, ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื. ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื: "ื ืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืœื›ื", ื•ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืฉื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืžื“ ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื™ื—ื“ "ื›ื•ืœื›ื" ืื– ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื”'.
ื ืฉืžืช ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžืžืฉ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ืžื•ืœ ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื•"ื›ื•ืœื›ื" ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœื: ืจืืฉื™ื›ื, ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื›ื, ื–ืงื ื™ื›ื ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื›ื, ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื’ื ื˜ืคื›ื, ื ืฉื™ื›ื, ื•ื”ื’ืจ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžื—ื ื™ืš. ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช.
ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืื”ื‘ืช ืขื•ืœื ืื”ื‘ืชื ื•", ื•ื‘ืฉื—ืจื™ืช: "ืื”ื‘ื” ืจื‘ื” ืื”ื‘ืชื ื•", ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื, ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืื”ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ื•ืจืช ืืชื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืžืื•ื“: ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืจ ืกื™ื ื™, ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืื‘. ื›ืฉืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ื‘ืื”ื‘ืช ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื•, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื”ื‘ื”, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื•ื ืฆืขืจ ืื• ืื™ ื ื—ืช ืœืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื.

ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• (ืคืจืฉืช ื›ื™ ืชื‘ื•ื ืชืฉืข"ื) ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื›ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื™ืฉ ืž"ื— ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื›ืจืช ืื™ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืจื™ืชื•ืช, ืขื ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื’ื ืขืจื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
"ื”ึทื ึผึดืกึฐืชึผึธืจึนืช ืœึทื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผึดื’ึฐืœึนืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึธื ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ื•ึนืช ืึถืช ื›ึผึธืœ ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื”ึทืชึผื•ึนืจึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช" (ืฉื, ื›ื—), ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื“ืขื” ืื—ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ืคืกื•ืง, "ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืœื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื•", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืืชื ืœื ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ืจ, ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืชืจ; ืืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช "ื•ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช ืœื ื• ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•".
ื•ืžืžืชื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš? ืžืฉืขื” ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ, ืžืฉืขื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ื”ืจ ื’ืจื™ื–ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืจ ืขื™ื‘ืœ ื•ื ืขืฉื• ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”. ื™ืฉ ื“ืขื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ืžื’, ื‘), ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช ืžืื– ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืจืฅ, ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ืžืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื ืื—ืจืื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช. ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืืœื” ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ (ืชื—ื•ืžื™ืŸ, ื›ืจืš ื”, ืขืž' 284-283 ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”, ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉื ื”, ืขืž' 851-852), ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”. ื”ืื ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ืื ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื”ื’ ืฉืœื ื›ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื—ืจืื™ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื• ื™ืคืขืœ ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื•ืื ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื ื”ื’ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืขืจื‘ ืœื•. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืชื•ื›ื—ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื•ืจืง ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื—. ืœืคื™ ื“ืขื” ื–ื• ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื—. ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื—ื” ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช; ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ื›ื•ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื—ื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื• ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื”ืื—ืจ ืขื•ืฉื”. ืื ื›ืš, ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื—ืช ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ, ื›ืžื• ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ (ืคืจืฉืช ื ืฉื, ืงื›ื‘, ื) ืžื‘ื™ื ืžืฉืœ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืคืœื™ื’ื• ื‘ืกืคื™ื ื” ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื•, ื›ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืจืง ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื• - ืืš ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœื• ื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืกืคื™ื ื” ืื—ืช. ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื—ืช, ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื” ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื›ื–ืืช ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืืœื• ื•ืืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื" (ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื’, ื‘) ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช ืฉื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืื—ื“ ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉื›ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื ื™. ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื—, ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉื•ื ื”, ืื—ื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืžืื•ื“, ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื•ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื ืกืชืจื•ืช.

ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ืืจืฅ
ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”. ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” (ืฉื•"ืข ื™ื•"ื“ ืขืจ, ื) ื•ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื—ืกืจื” ื‘ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืช ืื—ืช - ืคืกื•ืœ ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื•. ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื“ืจืฉืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืคื ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœ, ื; ื•ืขื•ื“). ืืžื ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื™ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืฆื™ ืžื–ื”, ืืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืžื ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื ืฉืžื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืขื ืคื™ื. ืื ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ื›ืžื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืš ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื™ื™ื - ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื•ืœื• ื ืคื’ืข, ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื•, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื™ืฉ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื”ืื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
ื‘ื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืจ' ืžื ื—ื ื–ืžื‘ื”, ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ืฉื•ืื”, ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ืื– ื›ื ืกื™ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื’ื•ื“ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืฆืขื” ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืืžืจ ืฉื ืจ' ืžื ื—ื ื–ืžื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืžื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืคื•ืกืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืจ, ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื ื—ืกืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืขืœ ืื—ื“, ื“' ืืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื“' ืืžื•ืช, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื”. ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ืจืื” ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ ื”ื’ืจืž"ื–, ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ื“). ื”ืืจืฅ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื”, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื”. ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”. ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ืชื•ืคื™ืข ื•ืชืชื’ืœื”.

ืื™ืš ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช?
"ื›ึผึดื™ ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐื•ึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืึธื ึนื›ึดื™ ืžึฐืฆึทื•ึผึฐืšึธ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื ืœึนื ื ึดืคึฐืœึตืืช ื”ึดื•ื ืžึดืžึผึฐืšึธ ื•ึฐืœึนื ืจึฐื—ึนืงึธื” ื”ึดื•ื... ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึธืจื•ึนื‘ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดื™ืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึดืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึนืชื•ึน" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœ, ื™ื - ื™ื“). ื™ืฉ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื: "ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื”ื–ืืช" ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช; ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืžื‘ืืจื™ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื” ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื: "ื•ึฐืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึธ ืขึทื“ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึถื™ืšึธ" (ืฉื, ื‘). ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•: ื”ืจื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ืงืฉื” ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื” ื•ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ื”; ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช: "ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึธืจื•ึนื‘ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดื™ืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึดืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึนืชื•ึน"? ื”ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืืžืช ื ืจืื™ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืฉื’ืช, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื, ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืœื ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื™ื, ื•ืื™ืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช ืœื ื• ืฉื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™?
ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืช ืขืฆื” ืœื›ืš. ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ื›ื•ืชื‘ (ื”ื’ื”ื•ืช ืœืขืฉืจื” ื”ืœื•ืœื™ื), ืฉืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘, ื•ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช: "ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ืืช ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื‘ืš ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš", ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื›ืš ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'. ื‘"ืฆืขื˜ื™ืœ ืงื˜ืŸ" ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”"ื ื•ืขื ืืœื™ืžืœืš" (ืื•ืช ื) ืฉื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื–ืžืŸ ืคื ื•ื™, ืฉื™ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžื“ื•ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื•ืขืจืช ืœืคื ื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืืœื™ื” ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”', ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ื™ื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœืื“ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ ืœื›ืš. ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข ืขื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ "ื‘ื›ืœ ื ืคืฉืš" ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ: "ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ืืช ื ืคืฉืš" (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื, ื‘) ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ืœื ื• ื–ื” ื ืจืื”..... ื”ืคืกืง ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืคืกืง. ืืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื›ืš. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืกื, ื‘), "ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืžืชื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืงื™ื™ืžื ื•". ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“, ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”' ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืจืง ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื ืคืฉื•, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืคื” ื›ื–ืืช. ืืš ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืœื ืกื‘ืจ ื›ืš. ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™, ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืžื• ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžื›ื•ืช (ื›ื“, ื), ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ "ืžืชื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืงื™ื™ืžื ื•". ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ื›ื”, ื’ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'. ืžื” ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• "ืžืชื™ ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื•ืืงื™ื™ืžื ื•"? ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื ื”ืฉืœ"ื”, ืฉืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื›ืœ ื™ืžื™ื• ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ื ืคืฉื™ืช ื›ืฉื–ื” ื™ื‘ื•ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ.
ื–ื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื›ึผึดื™ ืงึธืจื•ึนื‘ ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืžึฐืึนื“ ื‘ึผึฐืคึดื™ืšึธ ื•ึผื‘ึดืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ึฐืšึธ ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึนืชื•ึน". ืื ืื“ื ืžืจื’ื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื›ื–ืืช ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”', ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื•, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจื• ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื”; ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืื– ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื•ืฉื™ ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืงืœื”. ื–ื” ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœ "ื‘ืคื™ืš ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืชื•", ื”ืื“ื ื™ืืžืจ ื‘ืคื” ื•ื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื "ืœืขืฉื•ืชื•", ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื•ืœ. ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ืฉืžืข, ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ืขืจื‘, ื”ืื“ื ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื–ื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ืืฉืจ ืคืœืžืจ ื”ื™"ื“
ื”ืขืจื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืงืœ ืœื ื•. ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื ืจืฆื— ื‘ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช. ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ื’ื•ืขื™ื ื•ืื“ืขืชื ื“ื”ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื•, ืขืœื™ื• ื ืืžืจ: "ืขึธืœึถื™ืšึธ ื”ึนืจึทื’ึฐื ื•ึผ ื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผื•ึนื" (ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ืžื“, ื›ื’). ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ืงืจื™ื™ืช ืืจื‘ืข, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ืจื” ืžืื•ืจืข ื›ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื‘ื’ืื•ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื’ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ื–ื” ื’ื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'.
ื™ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืจื’ื• ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ืฉื•ืื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”, ื’ื ื›ืืœื” ืฉื”ืชื›ื—ืฉื• ืœื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื ื”ืจื’ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”', ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื”ืจื’ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ. ืžื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื ื”ืจื’, ื–ื• ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”; ื•ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื•ื ื”ืจื’ ื–ื• ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉ, ืฉืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”'.
ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืงื“ื ืื•ืชื ื•. ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื”ื ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื, ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืงืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื–ืง.

ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”
ื ืฉืืจื• ืœื ื• ืจืง ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช. ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืืœื•ืœ, ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ืžื›"ื” ืืœื•ืœ, ื™ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ, ื•ื”ื“ืขื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืœืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื“ืข ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืœื ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœ. ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื”: "ื›ื‘ืงืจืช ืจื•ืขื” ืขื“ืจื•, ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฆืื ื• ืชื—ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื•"; ื™ืฉ ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื™ื—, ื) ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื“ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“. ืื• "ื›ื‘ืงืจืช ืจื•ืขื” ืขื“ืจื•" ื›ืฉืžืคืจื™ืฉื™ื ืžืขืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืžื”, ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืืŸ ืœื“ื™ืจ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคืชื— ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืจืง ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื•ื›ืš ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ื“. ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื’ืžืจื ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืจื•ืŸ (ืžืจื•ืŸ) ืฉื ื™ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืฆืจ ื•ืจืง ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืฉื, ืขื•ืœื™ื ืื—ื“ ืื—ื“. ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื—ืช ื•ืœืฉืืช ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชืคื™ื™ื. ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื• ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื’ื ืื ื ืืžืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”', ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ืžื” ืœืชืงืŸ ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฆื•ื“ืงืช, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืงื“ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื‘ื’ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืœ ื›ืชื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื›ืš ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ื•, ืžืื•ื“ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืจืื” ืืœื™ื•, ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืฉื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืฉื ื’ื™ืข ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื‘ื• ื ื›ืชื‘ ื•ื ื—ืชื ื‘ืกืคืจื ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื’ืžื•ืจื™ื, ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื.



^ 1.ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืข"ื
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ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืขืจื•ืฅ 7. ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืœื—ืฅ ื›ืืŸ.
ื ืฆื‘ื™ื
ื ืฆื‘ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืžื—ื” ืงื•ืง ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il