ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ื ื‘ื•ืื”
  • ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”
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6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื’ืื•ืœื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืœื™ืžื“ื•ื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ื: ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ืžืชื•ืš ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื”, ืื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช - ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืžื›ืจื™ื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœืืจืฆื ื• ื•ืœืžื•ืจืฉืชื ื•. "ื–ื›ื• - ืื—ื™ืฉื ื”, ืœื ื–ื›ื• - ื‘ืขืชื”". ื–ื›ื• - "ืขื ืขื ื ื™ ืฉืžื™ื" - ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ ื•ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช; ืœื ื–ื›ื• - "ืขื ื™ ื•ืจื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื—ืžื•ืจ", ื‘ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆื—, ื).

ื–ื” ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ืžื•ื‘ืŸ. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื˜ืื™ื ื• ื ื—ืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉื ื• ื•ื’ืœื™ื ื• ืžืืจืฆื ื•, ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฆื ื• ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืžืชื™ ืชื‘ื•ื? ื•ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื•: "ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื‘ืงื•ืœื• ืชืฉืžืขื•" (ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืฆื—, ื). ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืชื‘ื•ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ืขื™ื“ ื”' ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื‘ืจื ื›ืš ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชืคืชื— ืขื“ ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ืืœื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช - ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื” ืžืชื•ืš ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื, ืฉื“ืจื›ื ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื–ื“ื›ืš ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืืจื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื (807)
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
381 - ื•ื ื•ื“ื” ืœืš ืขืœ ื’ืื•ืœืชื ื•
382 - ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืœืžืขื˜ ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื
383 - ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ื•ืขืฆืžืื•ืช
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ืืฉืจื™ื ื• ืฉืื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื’ืื•ืœืชื ื•, ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ืขื“ ื›ื”, ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ืฆื•ืžื—ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื•ืกืจืช, ื•ื›ืคืฉื˜ ื”ืคืกื•ืง (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก, ื›ื‘): "ืื ื™ ื”' ื‘ืขึดืชื” ืื—ื™ืฉื ื”". ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ("ื‘ืขึดืชื”"), ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืš ืžื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืงืจื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ืžืžืขื˜ื™ื ืืช ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื”. ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื–ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื–"ืœ, ืฉืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ืื” ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.

ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ืกืคื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ืœืคื ื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžืืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืงืœ"ื–, ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืืจืฅ. ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื’ื™ื“ ืžืžื–ืจื™ื˜ืฉ, ื”ืื“ืžื•"ืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ืžื•ื•ื™ื˜ื‘ืกืง, ืขืœื” ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื™ื— ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืœืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ. ืื•ืœื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืขืฆื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืชืงืจื‘ ื•ืชื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.

ืžื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื•ื™ืœื ื”. ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืกื™ืคืจื• ืฉืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืžื”ื ื‘ืกืขืจืช ื ืคืฉ ื›ื™ ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื•ื—ืฉ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื ื™ื ืฆืœ ืžื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืœื™ ืžืฉื™ื—. ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืฆื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื• ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื’ื ื ืคืจื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืื™ื’ืจืช ืฆื•ื•ืื”, ืื•ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื”ื•ืจื• ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื—ื–ืจ. ืืš ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืชื”.

ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืงืก"ื˜ (1809), ื›ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ืขืœืชื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืœืฆืคืช, ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืžื ื—ื ืžื ื“ืœ ืžืฉืงืœื•ื‘. ื›ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ืขืœื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืงืœื•ื‘, ื‘ืขืœ ืกืคืจ 'ืคืืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ'. ืขืžื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืœืœ ืžืฉืงืœื•ื‘, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืขืฉ. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ืจื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืคืงื“ื• ืื•ืชื ืฆืจื•ืช ืื™ื•ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื–ืงื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื•ื›ืš ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ื•ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื• ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืžื”ื ื ื•ืกื“ ืขื™ืงืจ "ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ" ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ, ื•ืžื›ื•ื—ื ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื•ืžื”, ื•ืžื”ื ื™ืฆืื• ืžืงื™ืžื™ "ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ" ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืื ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืคืชื— ืชืงื•ื•ื”.

ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื”ืฉืขื”
ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขื ื•ืช ืœืงืจื™ืืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœืชืืจ ืžื›ืžื” ืคื•ื’ืจื•ืžื™ื ื•ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื. ื’ื ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื™ืš ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™. ืขื–ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื‘ืขื” ืžืชื•ืš ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื” ื ืฉืืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจ. ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื ืขืฉื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืื– ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ, ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืœื ืืช ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœื• ื•ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื—ื™ืœื ืœื–ืจื™ื - ื‘ืžื“ืข, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” - ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืžืจืฆื ื‘ืืจืฅ, ืœืžืขืŸ ืขืžื ื•ืžื•ืœื“ืชื. ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืงืžื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ืžืœื—ืฅ ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ืืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื. ื’ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ื• ื–ื ื™ื—ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืจืง ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœื ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื›ืืŸ ื‘ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืงื•ื ืœืขืจื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื’ืจ ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.

ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžืกืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”
ืœื ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ืฆืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื• ื•ื”ืœื›ื•. ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืงืžื• ืจื‘ื™ ืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืจืฉ ืงืœื™ืฉืจ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื’ื•ื˜ืžื›ืจ ื•ื”ื—ืœื• ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœืงืจื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืืจืฅ. ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืœื›ื• ื•ื’ื‘ืจื•, ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืขืฆืžื”, ื•ื’ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขื–ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ืช ื”ื•ืืฅ ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”.

ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื›ืžื” ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื”, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืžื•ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจ, ืจื‘ื™ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ืฉื‘ืจื’ ื•ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ื•ืืœื•ื–'ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ ื ืคืชืœื™ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ (ื”ื ืฆื™"ื‘), ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื ื•ืขืช 'ื—ื™ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ'. ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ื•ืื•ืชื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœื—ื‘ื•ืจ ืขื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืžื˜ืจืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื” ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” (ืžืฉื ืช ืชืจืž"ื‘ ื•ืื™ืœืš). ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืื– ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ื™ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืจืžืชื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ืจ"ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื’ืื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื. ืืžื ื ื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืื– ื”ื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ื™ืžืคืœ ื™ืคื” (ื“ื•ื“ื• ื–ืงื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง) ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืจื‘ื”. ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื ืขื ื• ืœืงืจื™ืื” ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ.

ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช
ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ื’ื‘ืจื”, ื’ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืงื™ื•ื• ืฉืขื ืขื–ื™ื‘ืชื ืืช ื”ื“ืช ื•ื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœื•ืชื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื™ืกืชื™ื™ืžื• ืฆืจื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ. ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืงืฆืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœื”ืชืขืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืžื™ื, ื”ืชื‘ืจืจื” ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืคื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ืžืœื˜ ืžืžื ื•, ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื’ื‘ืจืช. ื›ืš ืงืžื” ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืื‘ ื”ืจืฆืœ. ื”ื™ื• ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืชืžื›ื• ื‘ื”. ืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื ื•ืขืช 'ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™'. ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื—ืฉืฉื• ืฉืžื ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื’ืจืจื• ืื—ืจ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื.

ื”ืฉื•ืื” ื•ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื’ื‘ืจื”, ืขื•ืจืจ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช.

ืื•ืœื ื”ืืžืช ื”ื›ื•ืื‘ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ืืžืจ: ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื’ื•ืœื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื“ื’ืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.

ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืจื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื›ื™ ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืžืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื•ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ืขืœื• ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื›ืš ืงืžื” ื•ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื” ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš, ื•ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืฉืžืชื’ืœื” ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ืฉืื ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ืžืชื•ืš ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืงืจื‘ ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื ื—ืช ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืžืชื•ืš ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—"ื• ื ืชืจืฉืœ, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ื—"ื• ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•.

ื™ื”ื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื™ื‘ื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉืคืข, ื•ืžื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื ืชืงื‘ืฅ ืœืืจืฆื ื•, ื•ื ืœืš ื‘ื” ืงื•ืžืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ื™ืกื™ืจ ื”' ืืช ืœื‘ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžื‘ืฉืจื ื• ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ืœื‘ ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืจื•ื— ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ืžืžื™ื ื™ืคืจื—ื• ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืคืจื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื”ื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื ื•, ื•ื™ืชืžืœืื• ืฆืืŸ ืื“ื, ืฆืืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื ื“ืข ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืช ื”'.

ืชืืจื™ื›ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช
ื™ื•ื ื”' ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื ื™, ืจื‘ื™ืขื™, ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื•ืฉื‘ืช. ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืื• ืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื•ื˜ืงืกื™ื• ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืคื•ืžื‘ื™, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื˜ืงืกื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื• ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ื”' ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืฉื™, ื™ื—ื’ื’ื• ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ (ื’' ืื™ื™ืจ ืื• ื“' ืื™ื™ืจ). ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื•ื ื”' ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ ื™ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™, ื™ื™ื“ื—ื• ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ืœื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืžืชื•ืš ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื, ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ื ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืื• ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžื•.

ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉืžื—ืžืช ื—ืฉืฉ ื˜ืœื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื•ืคืจ ื•ืœื•ืœื‘ ื›ืืฉืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืื•ืœื ืืช ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื ื•ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืื• ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืคื•ืจื™ื ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืงื“ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืœื” ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ื•ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืชืจืคื—, ื•, ืž"ื‘ ื™ื—). ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืฉืขื” ื‘ืื‘ ื—ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืขื ื™ืช ืœื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ื•ืข' ืฉื•"ืข ืื•"ื— ืชืงื ื, ื“; ืชืงื ื“, ื™ื˜).

ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืชื™ืงื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื”ืงื“ื™ื ืื• ืœืื—ืจ ืืช ืืžื™ืจืช ื”ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช. ืื›ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื›ืจื–ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ืชืฉ"ื— ื”ื•ืงื“ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœื—ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ืฉื›ืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ ืคืงื™ืขืช ื”ืžื ื“ื˜ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืชื™ื ืขืฉืจื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”, ืืœื ืฉืจืืฉื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืขื ืœื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื–ื” ืœื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื - ื”' ื‘ืื™ื™ืจ.
ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ืข
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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื ื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืกื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืœืžื” ื’ื•ืจืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il