ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ื‘ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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10 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 45 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื ืก ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื
ืงืจืื ื• ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ื‘ื, ืคืจืฉืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช, ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืคืจืฉื” ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆื ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœื™ื” ืชืžื™ื“. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”. ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืื•ืžืจ: ื”ืžื•ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœื•, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืขื‘ื“ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื—ื™ื ื›ื• ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื ื”ืขื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ. ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื ื™ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืฉืงืฉืจื• ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื, ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“. ื›ืœ ืืœื•, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™, ืœื ืืคืฉืจื• ืืช ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื.

ื•ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ
ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื” ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื˜.) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง: "ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึถืจ ื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืึฒืœื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ืžึตืึตืช ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืžึตืึตืช ืจึฐืขื•ึผืชึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ื›ึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึผื›ึฐืœึตื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื, ื‘). ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื˜.) ืื•ืžืจืช:
ืืžืจื™ ื“ื‘ื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื ืื™: ืื™ืŸ ื ื ืืœื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืืžืจ ืœื™ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืœืžืฉื”: ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžืžืš, ืœืš ื•ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื›ื, ืฉืืœื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื›ืœื™ ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื–ื”ื‘, ืฉืœื ื™ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืฆื“ื™ืง: (ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•) "ื•ืขื‘ื“ื•ื ื•ืขื ื• ืืชื" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜ื•, ื™ื’) - ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื, "ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ" - ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื.
ืžื” ื–ื” ืœืฆืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ? ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืœื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืฉืœื ื•. ืžื” ืœื ื• ื•ืœื›ืกืฃ, ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืฉืœื ื• ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื•ืขืจื›ื™. ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืจื‘: ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืคืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ืจื•ื—ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืกืฃ. ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืื“ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืคืœ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ืœื• ืขื•ืฉืจ ื’ืฉืžื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจื•ืžืžื• ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉืคืœ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื.
ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืžื‘ืืจ ื’ืžืจื ื–ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืคืŸ. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื ืžืง ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ 'ืฉืœื ื™ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืฆื“ื™ืง', ื”ืจื™ ื’ื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— "ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ". ื”ื’ืžืจื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื”:
ืžืฉืœ ืœืื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื: ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืš ืœืžื—ืจ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืืกื•ืจื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ืŸ ืœืš ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื: ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื›ื, ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ื›ืœื•ื.
ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืžืฉืœ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ - ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืฉืœืงื‘"ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืฆืื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ื–ืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื•ืฉืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื ื’ืžืจื” ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช. ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืฉื ื™ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœื ื ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื”. ืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื”: "ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึถืจ ื ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึฐื™ึดืฉืึฐืึฒืœื•ึผ ืึดื™ืฉื ืžึตืึตืช ืจึตืขึตื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืึดืฉึผืึธื” ืžึตืึตืช ืจึฐืขื•ึผืชึธื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ื›ึถืกึถืฃ ื•ึผื›ึฐืœึตื™ ื–ึธื”ึธื‘" ืฉืœื ื™ืืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ืฆื“ื™ืง ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืจื›ื•ืฉ. ื’ื ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืฉืื™ืœื• ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ื™ ื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื‘ืงืจื™ืขืช ื™ื ืกื•ืฃ, ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื• ื•ื–ืจื–ื• ืฉื ืฆื ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื ืฆื ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ.

ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ
ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ืจื•ืช, ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื—ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืœื, ื ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ. ื›ืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืœื ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืฉื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื. ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘: (ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื›ื—)
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืชื ืฉืื• ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ, ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืื•ืคื™. ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”, ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชืžืžืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืงื ื”, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืื” ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืžื›ืœ ืฉืื™ืคื” ืฉื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืื” ื‘ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“' ืืœื”ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืชื™ ืืชื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืœื ื™ืžื›ืจื• ืžืžื›ืจืช ืขื‘ื“.
ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœื—ืจื•ืช- ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฆื ืœื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ. ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื‘ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืื“ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ. ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืœื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื“ื, ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช. ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ - ืื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ. ื’ื ืœืขื‘ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™. ืขื‘ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืืš ืœื ืœืงื™ื™ื, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื“ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืœื• ืžื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื.
ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื“ื ื–ื• ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื”ืื“ื ื’ื ื›ืŸ ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืืš ืœื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•. ื–ื• ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”. ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืื“ื ื–ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืžืฉืชื ื”, ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœื•. ืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ืจื˜ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื–ื” ืœื ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื”. ื–ื” ืœื ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืžืžืฉ, ื”ืจืื™ื” ืฉืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ืจื˜. ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื—ืจื˜. ื™ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชื ื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ืขื™ืงืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื–ื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื•ืฆื”, ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืจืฆื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืฆื” - ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ืชื—ืจื˜ ืขืœื™ื• ืืฃ ืคืขื.
ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื•. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืฆืข, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืจื•ืฆื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื•. ื•ื›ืš ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ: ื—ืฉื‘ ืื“ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื ืื ืก ื•ืœื ืขืฉืื” - ืžืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉืื” (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื•.). ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื–ืืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ืขืฉื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืจืฆื” ื•ืื™ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืื“ื ืื•ืœืฅ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, ืื•ื ืก ืจื—ืžื ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื” (ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ื›ื—(: ืœื ืžืขื ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ื•ื›ืคื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืฉื”. ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช: ืžื” ืฉื ืชื‘ืข ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื–ื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช.
ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื— ืžืื•ื“. ืžื” ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•, ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื• ื‘ื–ื”. ื•ื›ื— ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืžื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื•ืžืื– ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฉ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื•ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื›ืคื•ืฃ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ืœืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”'. ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘: ื›ื™ ืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื”, ืžื‘) ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื, ื•ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื™.). ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื–ื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืื“ื. ื–ื• ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉ, ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ, ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ื™ื. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืื“ื ืžืขืœื” ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ, ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืžืชื’ื“ืœ.
ืžืฉืœ ืœืื“ื ืฉื”ืžืœืš ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืคืขื•ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš. ื–ื• ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื•ืคืฉ - ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืจืง ืœืคื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื•, ื›ืขืช ื”ื•ื ืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืžืœื›ื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืคื™ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื”. ืขืฉื” ืจืฆื•ื ืš ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื• (ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘, ื“)- ื™ืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ื›ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”'.

ื›ื— ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ
ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ (ื—ืœืง ื’, ืขืžื•ื“ ืค):
ืขื•ื“ ื™ืชื’ืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืขืจืš ื”ื›ื— ืฉืœ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืื“ื, ื•ืžื“ืจื’ืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžื›ืจืขืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจื–ื™ ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืข ื›ื•ืœื•, ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืงืฉ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืข, ื•ื”ื›ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ืข ื›ื•ืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื›ื— ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืื“ื. ื›ื— ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื— ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ. ื›ื— ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช. ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืชื’ืœื” ืฉื›ื— ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื™ืชื’ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื–ืืช, ืืฆืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ืื™ืŸ ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืช, ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื ืขืฉื”. ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ืžืชืื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœ ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื• ืžืชืจื‘ื”. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื™, ื›ื”) ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื, ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืงื™ื™ื (ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ื˜ื–:). ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืžื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช, ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”' ืจื•ืฆื” ืžื™ื“ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”' ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืจื•ืฆื”, ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืขืฆืžื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™.
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ืžืชืคืœืœ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœื”, ืชืคื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืœื” ื–ื” ื™ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ืจ ื”' ื™ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื–ืืช ืžืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”', ืื– ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ - ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืงื™ื™ื. ื•ื”ืจื‘ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืฆื“ื™ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื– ื”ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืจืฆื•ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื•ืขืœ.
ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื–ืœื–ืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื”ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ืขืจืš. ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•. ืืš ื–ื• ื˜ืขื•ืช, ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•. ื•ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื•, ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืื•ืคื™ ื•ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ืื ืื“ื ืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืœืจืฆื•ื ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื’ืจืจ ื•ืœื ืฉืœื˜ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื–ื” ืœื ื ืงืจื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ืจื˜ ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืงืฆืช ืื ื•ืก, ื™ืฆืจื• ืื ืกื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื ืก. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืœื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืจืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช - ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืจื™ืข. ืื ืื“ื ื™ื—ื–ืง ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื–ื• ื•ื™ื—ื–ืง ืžืื“ ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื•, ื”ืื“ื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื, ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ. ื•ืื ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื™ืชื—ื–ืง ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง ืขื“ ืฉื™ื ืฆื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช. ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ื•ืจืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื’ื•ืจืจืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ืœ, ืื“ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื—ืจื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช - ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืฉืœื•. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื• ืฉื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช. ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”' ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื”ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ. ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื–ื” ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ, ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช. ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื–ื” ื™ืคื”, ืืš ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืื ื™ ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื
ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื• ืžื•ื‘ืื™ื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื—. ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืจืฉืข ืฉื•ืืœ: (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื›ื•) ืžึธื” ื”ึธืขึฒื‘ึนื“ึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืœึธื›ึถื? ื™ืฉ ืจืฉืข ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ (ื‘ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืกื—): ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื•ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืฉ ื•ืจื•ืงื“ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•, ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'? ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืงื•ืžื–ื™ืฅ ืœื›ื™ืฃ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขืฆืžื›ื. ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ื–ื” ืฆื•ืžื•ืช, ื”ืชืงื“ืฉื•ืช, ืคืจื™ืฉื•ืช, ืœื ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ. ื›ืš ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื: ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช - ื–ื• ืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'! ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื’ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”', ื•ื’ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืœื” ืžื”ื•ื“ืจืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืข, ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื˜ืขื ื”ืฆืœื™ - ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”'. ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื“ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” - ืืคืฉืจ ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื•ืœื. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืจื•ืžื ืื•ืชื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ืื“ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืกืคื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืฉื™ื. ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืฉื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืฉืื›ื™ืœืชื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”.
ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ืจ"ื ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืจืฉืข "ืžึธื” ื”ึธืขึฒื‘ึนื“ึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืœึธื›ึถื"? ื›ืืคื™ืงื•ืจืก. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืžื• ื”ื—ื›ื (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•, ื›): ืžึธื” ื”ึธืขึตื“ึนืช ื•ึฐื”ึทื—ึปืงึผึดื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึดื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฆึดื•ึผึธื” ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื. ื”ื—ื›ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื”' ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื•", ื•ื”ืจืฉืข ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื. ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืจืฉืข ืœื“ืขืช ื”ื’ืจ"ื (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื”), ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื•. ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืจืฉืชื ื•: "ื•ึฐื”ึดื’ึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึธ ืœึฐื‘ึดื ึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึผืจ ื–ึถื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”' ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื’, ื—). ื–ื• ืืžื™ืจื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืฉืื•ืœ. ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ื•ืœื ืœื•. ื›ืืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื—ื›ื: "ื•ึทืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ื–ึถื‘ึทื— ืคึผึถืกึทื— ื”ื•ึผื ืœึทื”' ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืคึผึธืกึทื— ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึธืชึผึตื™ ื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื‘, ื›ื–), ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืืœื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ื”' ืœื™ ". ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืจืฉืข. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ืชืขื ื” ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืคืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื• ืฉืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื•ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืœื• ืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื—, ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืจืง ื™ื—ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื•. ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืชืคื ื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื ื•ืชืืžืจ ืœื”ื: "ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ื”' ืœื™", ื”ื•ื ื™ืจืื” ืฉืœื ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื• ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื™ืขื•ืจืจ ืื•ืชื• - ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืื ืชืขื ื” ืœื•. ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืืœืช ื”ืจืฉืข "ื•ึทืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ื–ึถื‘ึทื— ืคึผึถืกึทื— ื”ื•ึผื ืœึทื”'" ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื•ืืžืจืชื 'ืœื•' ื›ืžื• ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืชื - ืืœื ื•ืืžืจืชื- ืœืื—ืจื™ื.

ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื
ืจ' ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ื˜ืฉื‘ (ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืœื•ื™) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืฉืืœืช ื”ืจืฉืข ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”' ื•ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืืชื ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื–ื” ืžืชืจื•ืžืžื™ื. ื•ื‘ื ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ืฉื•ืืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžืขืžื“, ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื”ืจืฉืข ืžื–ืœื–ืœ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: "ื•ึทืึฒืžึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ื–ึถื‘ึทื— ืคึผึถืกึทื— ื”ื•ึผื ืœึทื”'", ืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”'. ื”ื™ื—ืก ืœืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ื”ื•ื ื–ืœื–ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื–ื” ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœ ืฉื‘ืจืฉืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ: ื’ื ืื ื™ ื—ื›ื ืžื” ืืชื ื”ืจื‘ื ื™ื, ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ืฉืชื›ืชื™ื‘ื• ืœื™. ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ ืืœื™ื›ื? ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, "ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื", ืฉื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ. ืœื ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื•ืœื ื™ืช, ืืœื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื, ืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืขืฆืžื”.
ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฉื•ืืœ ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœืš ืœืกืคืจ ืœื• ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื: "ื•ึฐื”ึดื’ึผึทื“ึฐืชึผึธ ืœึฐื‘ึดื ึฐืšึธ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ื•ึผื ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื‘ึผึทืขึฒื‘ื•ึผืจ ื–ึถื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ื”' ืœึดื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื", ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉืืœ ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืขื•ื ื” ื•ืžืกืคืจ.
ื•ืฉืืœืช ื”ืชื: "ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืึธืœึฐืšึธ ื‘ึดื ึฐืšึธ ืžึธื—ึธืจ ืœึตืืžึนืจ ืžึทื” ื–ึผึนืืช" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื’, ื™ื“), ื”ืชื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื”' ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืฉื•ืืœ: ืœืžื” ืžื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง, ื”ืจื™ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื—ืคื™ื ืžืคืฉืข, ื•ืœืžื” ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื“ืชื™, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืœื•ื ืขื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื? ื•ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื•: "ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืœึธื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐื—ึนื–ึถืง ื™ึธื“ ื”ื•ึนืฆึดื™ืึธื ื•ึผ ื”' ืžึดืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ืžึดื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืขึฒื‘ึธื“ึดื™ื". ื“ืข ืœืš, ืžื” ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ื‘ืœื ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื™ื“ ื”', ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื, ื”ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืคืชื™ื ื”ื ืœื”ื˜ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•, ืฉื”' ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืขืœ ื–ื” ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ืœึฐืžึทื›ึผึตื” ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื›ื•ึนืจึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื—ึทืกึฐื“ึผื•ึน" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงืœื•, ื™), ื—ืกื“ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืœืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื”, ืืœื ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืŸ "ืœึฐื’ึนื–ึตืจ ื™ึทื ืกื•ึผืฃ ืœึดื’ึฐื–ึธืจึดื™ื ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึฐืขื•ึนืœึธื ื—ึทืกึฐื“ึผื•ึน" ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”' ืขืฉื” ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”'. ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื ื•, ื›ื™ ืื ืื ื• ื ืคื’ืข ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื ื–ื” ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”'. ืื ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืคื’ืข ื™ืืžืจื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื‘"ื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื–ื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืื• ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.
ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืœื•ืช, ื–ื” ืžื•ืคืช ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื•ืจื“, ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืื— ื•ืจืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ. ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”' ืฉื•ืžืจ ืขืœื™ื ื•. ืื ื• ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืžื•ืคืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืื‘ื™ื, ืฉื”ื–ืื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื”. ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื”ื’ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžื›ื•ื— ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”' ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ืฉืœืžื” ืžื›ื•ื— ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ืช ื•ืฉื ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ืคืœื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืชื”ืคื•ืš ืœื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื‘:).



^ 1.. ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืข"ื”.
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ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืขืจื•ืฅ 7. ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืœื—ืฅ ื›ืืŸ.
ื‘ื
ื‘ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ ืœื•ื ื“ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฆื‘ื™ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื™ืจ ืœืื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ืืœื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื”ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il