ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื
  • ืจืžื‘"ื ื™ื•ืžื™ โ€“ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื โ€“ ืžืคืขืœ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”






ืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ

ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื



ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”


ื ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึทื—ึฒืจึดื™ืช, ื‘ึผึทืžึผื•ึผืกึธืฃ ื•ึผื‘ึทื ึผึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื” ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื ื•ึนืฉื‚ึฐืึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึถื; ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืึตื™ืŸ ื ึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืึทืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึทื™ึดื, ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ืกึธืขึฒื“ื•ึผ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื, ื•ึฐืฉืึถืžึผึธื ืฉืึธืชื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื™ึทื™ึดืŸ, ื•ึฐืฉืึดื›ึผื•ึนืจ ืึธืกื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืึทืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึทื™ึดื. ื•ึทืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทืชึผึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช ืึตื™ืŸ ื ื•ึนืฉื‚ึฐืึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื ึฐื—ึธื”, ื’ึผึฐื–ึตืจึธื” ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึฐืชึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ื•ึนื.

ื  ื ื•ึนืฉื‚ึฐืึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึถื - ืžืจื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื”ืขื. ืฉืึถื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื›ึผึฐื‘ึธืจ ืกึธืขึฒื“ื•ึผ - ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชื™ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืื›ืœ ื•ืœืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืขื™ื›ื•ืœื•. ื”ึทืชึผึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช - ื”ืฆื•ื. ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ื•ึนื - ืฉืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื’,ื“).

ื‘ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึถื” ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ืึฒืžื•ึผืจึดื™ื? ื‘ึผึฐืชึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช ืฉืึถืžึผึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึผึฐืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ื•ึผื ึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื”, ื›ึผึฐื’ื•ึนืŸ ืฆื•ึนื ื›ึผึดืคึผื•ึผืจ ื•ึฐืชึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ. ืึฒื‘ึธืœ ืชึผึทืขึฒื ึดื™ืช ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน ื ึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื”, ื›ึผึฐื’ื•ึนืŸ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืขึธื” ื‘ึผึฐืึธื‘ ื•ึฐืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื” ืขึธืฉื‚ึธืจ ื‘ึผึฐืชึทืžึผื•ึผื– - ื”ื•ึนืึดื™ืœ ื•ึผืชึฐืคึดืœึผึทืช ืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึธื”ึถืŸ ืกึธืžื•ึผืšึฐ ืœึดืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืขึทืช ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธื”, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ื•ึน ื ึดืจึฐืึตื™ืช ื›ึผึดื ึฐืขึดื™ืœึธื”, ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึธื”ึผ ืžึดืชึฐื—ึทืœึผึถืคึถืช ื‘ึผึฐืžึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึฐื›ึธืœ ื™ื•ึนื, ื•ึผืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ื™ึตืฉื ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ื ึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืึทืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึทื™ึดื. ื•ึฐื›ึนื”ึตืŸ ืฉืึถืขึธื‘ึทืจ ื•ึฐืขึธืœึธื” ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดื ึฐื—ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึฐื™ื•ึนื ื”ึทื›ึผึดืคึผื•ึผืจึดื™ื - ื”ื•ึนืึดื™ืœ ื•ึฐื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื™ึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึธื ืฉืึดื›ึฐืจื•ึผืช, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ึถื” ื ื•ึนืฉื‚ึตื ืึถืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืžื•ึนืจึดื™ื“ึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน, ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื—ึฒืฉืึธื“, ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ: ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืœ ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื•ึผืœึฐืคึดื™ื›ึธืšึฐ ื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื“ื•ึผื”ื•ึผ.

ื‘  ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ - ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœื™ื“ ื”ื”ื™ื›ืœ, ื‘ื”ืฉืืœื” ืžืŸ ื”'ื“ื•ื›ืŸ' ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ (ื›ื“ืœืงืžืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื˜). ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ื” ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.

ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื™ืŸ


ื’ ื›ึผึตื™ืฆึทื“ ื”ึดื™ื ื ึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืึทืช ื›ึผึทืคึผึทื™ึดื ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึดื™ืŸ? ื‘ึผึฐืขึตืช ืฉืึถื™ึผึทื’ึผึดื™ืขึท ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืœึธ'ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื”', ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึนืืžึทืจ 'ืจึฐืฆึตื”', ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื”ึธืขื•ึนืžึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐื ึถืกึถืช ื ึถืขึฑืงึธืจึดื™ืŸ ืžึดืžึผึฐืงื•ึนืžึธืŸ ื•ึฐื”ื•ึนืœึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืขื•ึนืœึดื™ืŸ ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ, ื•ึฐืขื•ึนืžึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึธื ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึฐืžื•ึผืœ ื”ึทื”ึตื™ื›ึธืœ ื•ึทืึฒื—ื•ึนืจึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœึทืคึผึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึฐืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐืคื•ึผืคื•ึนืช ืœึฐืชื•ึนืšึฐ ื›ึผึทืคึผึตื™ื”ึถื, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื”ึท'ื”ื•ึนื“ึธื™ึธื”'; ืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœึทืคึผึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื, ื•ึผืคื•ึนืฉืึฐื˜ึดื™ืŸ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ, ื•ึผืžึทื’ึฐื‘ึผึดื™ื”ึดื™ืŸ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื›ึผึดืชึฐืคึตื™ื”ึถืŸ, ื•ึผืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœึดื™ืŸ "ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถื›ึฐืšึธ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•,ื›ื“). ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชึธื ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืžึดืœึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: "ืึธืžื•ึนืจ ืœึธื”ึถื" (ืฉื ื•,ื›ื’), ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืžึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ, ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ืึธืžึตืŸ. ื•ึฐื—ื•ึนื–ึตืจ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื•ึผืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชึธืŸ ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ืฉืึตื ึดื™ ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืžึดืœึผึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืžึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ืฉืึตื ึดื™, ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ืึธืžึตืŸ. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืคึธืกื•ึผืง ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™.

ื’  ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึดื™ืŸ - ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื”, ื”ื•ึนื“ึธื™ึธื” - ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคื™ืœืช ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” (ืจืื” ืกื“ืจ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื˜ื–). ื ึถืขึฑืงึธืจึดื™ืŸ ืžึดืžึผึฐืงื•ึนืžึธืŸ - ื‘ืœื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื˜ื•,ื”), ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ื˜ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”. ืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ - ืžืคื ื™ื ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืจื›ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื” (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื™ื‘), ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ ืืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจืงืข ืขืฉืจื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื, ื› 80 ืก"ืž, ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืจืฉื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ืช (ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื™,ื™; ืฉื•"ืช ืงืกื’). ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื›ึผึดืชึฐืคึตื™ื”ึถืŸ - ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืชืฃ. ื•ึฐื”ึตื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ - ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื•.

ื“ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืฉืึฐืœืฉืึธื” ื”ึทืคึผึฐืกื•ึผืงึดื™ื, ืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึทื—ึฒืจื•ึนื ึธื” ืฉืึถืœึผึทืชึผึฐืคึดืœึผึธื”, ืฉืึถื”ึดื™ื 'ืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื', ื•ึฐื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœึทืคึผึตื™ ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื, ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ืงื•ึนืคึฐืฆึดื™ืŸ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ, ื•ึฐืขื•ึนืžึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึธื ื‘ึผึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื’ึฐืžึนืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ื•ึฐื—ื•ึนื–ึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืœึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžึธืŸ.

ื“  ื”ึทืงึผึนื“ึถืฉื - ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืกืคืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ืงื•ึนืคึฐืฆึดื™ืŸ - ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื.

ื” ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืงึผื•ึนืจึตื 'ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื!'* ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื™ ืœึดืงึฐืจื•ึนืช ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ืึธืžึตืŸ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ, ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ื”ึทื“ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทืžึผึทืงึฐืจึตื, ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ืึธืžึตืŸ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืชึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึทื—ึถืจึถืช ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ืึธืžึตืŸ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ. ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื™ ืœึทืขึฒื ื•ึนืช ืึธืžึตืŸ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื›ึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ื”ึธืขึธื, ืฉืึถืžึผึธื ืชึผึดื˜ึผึธืจึตืฃ ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึตื“ึทืข ืึตื™ ื–ื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชึธืŸ, ืึดื ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง ืฉืึตื ึดื™ ืื•ึน ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืฉืึดื™.

ื”  ื”ึทืงึผื•ึนืจึตื ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื* - ื›ืš ื”ื•ื’ื” ื‘ื›"ื™ ื'. ื‘ื›"ื™ ืง': "ื”ึทืžึผึทืงึฐืจึตื", ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ื•ืชื™ืงืŸ ืœื ื•ืกื— ื”ืคื ื™ื (ืจืื” ืฉื•"ืช ืจืฆื‘). ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ืึธืžึตืŸ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ - ืขืœ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ื™ื” (ืœืขื™ืœ ื’; ืจ' ืžื ื•ื—), ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื”, "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”'... ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”", ื ืจืื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื” ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื›ืฉืืจ ืืžื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื™ื‘). ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืืžืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” (ืง'). ืœึฐื”ึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” - "ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš". ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ื”ึทื“ึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ - ื”ืงืจื™ืื” "ื›ื”ื ื™ื". ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถืชึผึดื›ึฐืœึถื” ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” - ื›ืœ ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืคืกื•ืง. ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึทื—ึถืจึถืช - ืคืกื•ืง ืื—ืจ. ืึทื—ึทืจ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื - ืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืคืกื•ืง ืžื‘ืจื›ืชื. ืชึผึดื˜ึผึธืจึตืฃ ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน - ื™ืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ, ื•ื™ืฉื›ื— ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ืืœื ืฉื•ืชืง ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ ื“ืขืชื• ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื™ืงืจื™ื ืœื”ื.

ื• ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ 'ืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื', ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ืŸ ืœึทืขึฒืงึนืจ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืžึดืžึผึฐืงื•ึนืžึธืŸ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื’ึฐืžึนืจ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ 'ืฉื‚ึดื™ื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื', ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ืŸ ืœึธื›ึนืฃ ืงึดืฉืึฐืจึตื™ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ. ื•ึผืžึดืชึผึทืงึผึธื ึทืช ืจึทื‘ึผึธืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธื ึธืŸ, ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึทืขึฒืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืกึทื ึฐื“ึผึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ, ืึถืœึผึธื ืขื•ึนืžึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ื™ึฐื—ึตืคึดื™ืŸ.

ื•  ืœึทืขึฒืงึนืจ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืžึดืžึผึฐืงื•ึนืžึธืŸ - ืœืจื“ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ. ืงึดืฉืึฐืจึตื™ ืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ - ื—ื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช (ืจืฉ"ื™ ืกื•ื˜ื” ืœื˜,ื‘). ื•ึผืžึดืชึผึทืงึผึธื ึทืช ืจึทื‘ึผึธืŸ ื™ื•ึนื—ึธื ึธืŸ - ื‘ืŸ ื–ื›ืื™. ื•ื˜ืขื ื”ืชืงื ื”, ืฉืžื ืชื™ืงืจืข ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืกื ื“ืœื• ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ืœืชืงื ื”, ื•ื™ืชืขื›ื‘ ืžืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ื™ืืžืจื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืคื’ื ื‘ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ื’ืจื•ืฉื” ืื• ื‘ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืฆื”, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืืช ืืช ื›ืคื™ื• (ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืกื•ื˜ื” ืž,ื). ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื ื–ื›ืจ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ, ืฉื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื• ื™ื—ืคื™ื, ื•ื›ืฉืืจ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ (ืฉื•"ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื‘,ื’, ื•ืจืื” ืœื•ืœื‘ ื–,ื˜ื•), ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื›ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื˜ื•,ื’-ื”). ื™ึฐื—ึตืคึดื™ืŸ - ื‘ืœื ื ืขืœื™ื™ื, ืืš ืžื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ืจื‘ื™ื™ื (ืจื“ื‘"ื–).

ื– ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื, ืœึนื ื™ึทื‘ึผึดื™ื˜ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึธืขึธื, ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืกึผึดื™ื—ื•ึผ ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธืŸ, ืึถืœึผึธื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ, ื›ึผึฐืขื•ึนืžึตื“ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืคึดืœึผึธื”. ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืึธื“ึธื ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื™ ืœึฐื”ึดืกึฐืชึผึทื›ึผึตืœ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื”ึตืŸ ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึทืกึผึดื™ื—ึท ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน. ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืžึดืชึฐื›ึผึทื•ึผึฐื ึดื™ืŸ ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ื•ึผืžึฐื›ึทื•ึผึฐื ึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื, ื•ึฐืึตื™ื ึธื ืžึทื‘ึผึดื™ื˜ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ.

ื–  ื•ึฐืœึนื ื™ึทืกึผึดื™ื—ื•ึผ ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธืŸ - ื™ื˜ื• ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื›ึผึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึฐืขื•ึนืžึตื“ ื‘ึผึดืชึฐืคึดืœึผึธื” - ืฉ"ื ื•ืชืŸ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื• ืคื ื•ื™ ืœืžืขืœื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื" (ืœืขื™ืœ ื”,ื“). ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึทืกึผึดื™ื—ึท ื“ึผึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน - ืฉื”ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื ื™ืกื™ื— ื“ืขืชื• ืžืฉืžื™ืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื•ึผืžึฐื›ึทื•ึผึฐื ึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ - ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืคื ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืคื ื™ื (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื™ื).

ื— ืึดื ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื”ึทืžึผึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถื—ึธื“ - ืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืžึตืขึทืฆึฐืžื•ึน, ื•ึผืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืžึดืœึผึธื”, ื›ึผึฐืžื•ึน ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจึฐื ื•ึผ (ืœืขื™ืœ, ื’). ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืฉืึฐื ึทื™ึดื ืื•ึน ื™ึธืชึตืจ - ืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืœึธื”ึถืŸ ืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื—ึท ืฆึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืชึผึฐื—ึดืœึผึธื” ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึตืจ ืœึธื”ึถืŸ 'ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื!', ื•ึฐื”ึตืŸ ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ืŸ "ื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถื›ึฐืšึธ" (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื•,ื›ื“), ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชึธืŸ ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ื”ึทืกึผึตื“ึถืจ ืฉืึถืึธืžึทืจึฐื ื•ึผ.

ื—  ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ - ืœื•ืžืจ "ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš".

ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ


ื˜ ื›ึผึตื™ืฆึทื“ ื‘ึผึดืจึฐื›ึผึทืช ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื? ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืขื•ึนืœึดื™ืŸ ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ ืึทื—ึทืจ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึทืช ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ ืฉืึถืœึผึทืฉึผืึทื—ึทืจ, ื•ึผืžึทื’ึฐื‘ึผึดื™ื”ึดื™ืŸ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ืœึฐืžึทืขึฐืœึธื” ืขึทืœ ื’ึผึทื‘ึผึตื™ ืจึธืืฉืึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ื•ึฐืึถืฆึฐื‘ึผึฐืขื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืคึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื˜ื•ึนืช, ื—ื•ึผืฅ ืžึดื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ, ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžึทื’ึฐื‘ึผึดื™ื”ึผึท ื™ึธื“ึธื™ื• ืœึฐืžึทืขึฐืœึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื™ืฅ, ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ืžึทืงึฐืจึตื ืื•ึนืชึธืŸ ืžึดืœึผึธื” ืžึดืœึผึธื” ื›ึผึฐื“ึถืจึถืšึฐ ืฉืึถืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึทื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืœึดื™ืŸ, ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžื•ึผ ืฉืึฐืœืฉืึถืช ื”ึทืคึผึฐืกื•ึผืงึดื™ื. ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ืึทื—ึทืจ ื›ึผึธืœ ืคึผึธืกื•ึผืง, ืึถืœึผึธื ืขื•ึนืฉื‚ึดื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืชึธื”ึผ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึทื—ึทืช, ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉืึถื™ึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ืžื•ึผ - ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ "ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื™ื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื".

ื˜  ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ - ืœื ืฉื™ืืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื (ื™', ืง'). ื•ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืœื (ืœื”ืœืŸ ื™ื“). ืขึฒื‘ื•ึนื“ึทืช ืชึผึธืžึดื™ื“ ืฉืึถืœึผึทืฉึผืึทื—ึทืจ - ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืงืจื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื”ึทืฆึผึดื™ืฅ - ืžื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืจืฆื•ืขืช ื–ื”ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื ื—ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื— ื•ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืœื”'" (ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื˜,ื). ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึธืขึธื ืขื•ึนื ึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื™ื™ - ื–ื• ืขื ื™ื™ืช ืืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ (ืคื”"ืž ืฉื•ื˜ื” ื–,ื•).

ื™ ื•ึฐืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื›ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘ื•ึน, ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื”ึทื ึผึถื”ึฐื’ึผึถื” ืžึดื™ึผื•ึน"ื“ ื”ึต"ื ื•ึธื"ื• ื”ึต"ื, ื•ึฐื–ึถื” ื”ื•ึผื 'ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื”ึทืžึผึฐืคึนืจึธืฉื' ื”ึธืึธืžื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื. ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื›ึดื ึผื•ึผื™ื•ึน, ื•ึฐื”ื•ึผื ืึธืœึถ"ืฃ ื“ึผึธื"ืœ ื ื•ึผ"ืŸ ื™ื•ึน"ื“, ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ืžึทื–ึฐื›ึผึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึตื ื›ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘ื•ึน ืึถืœึผึธื ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื ื‘ึผึดืœึฐื‘ึทื“. ื•ึผืžึดืฉึผืึถืžึผึตืช ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึทื“ึผึดื™ืง, ืคึผึธืกึฐืงื•ึผ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืžึดืœึผึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืฉึผืึตื ื”ึทืžึผึฐืคึนืจึธืฉื ืึฒืคึดืœึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื“ึผึธืฉื, ื›ึผึฐื“ึตื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื™ึดืœึฐืžึทื“ ืื•ึนืชื•ึน ืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ื”ึธื’ื•ึผืŸ. ื•ึฐืœึนื ื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ื—ึฒื›ึธืžึดื™ื ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนื ึดื™ื ืžึฐืœึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึตื ื–ึถื” ืœึฐืชึทืœึฐืžึดื™ื“ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื”ึทื”ึฒื’ื•ึผื ึดื™ื ืึถืœึผึธื ืึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื. ื›ึผึธืœ ื–ึถื” - ื’ึผึฐื“ึปืœึผึธื” ืœึดืฉืึฐืžื•ึน ื”ึทื ึผึดื›ึฐื‘ึผึธื“ ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผื•ึนืจึธื.

ื™  ื›ึผึดื›ึฐืชึธื‘ื•ึน - ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืื•ืชื™ื•ืชื™ื•. ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ื”ึทื ึผึถื”ึฐื’ึผึถื” - ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืืžืจ ื‘ืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืืช ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืืœื•. ื”ึทืžึผึฐืคึนืจึธืฉื - ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช (ืžื•"ื  ื,ืกื). ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ื ึธื” - ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืงื“ืฉ. ื›ึดึผื ึผื•ึผื™ื•ึน - ื”ืฉื ืฉื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืฉืžื• ื”ืืžืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื“ึผึธื"ืœ - ื“ืœ"ืช. ื•ึผืžึดืฉึผืึถืžึผึตืช ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึทื“ึผึดื™ืง - ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื ื”ืกื•ืคืจ (ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”, ื–), ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื. ื”ึธื’ื•ึผืŸ - ืจืื•ื™ ืœื›ืš. ืžึฐืœึทืžึผึฐื“ึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึตื ื–ึถื” - ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื™ืชื• ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื”ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื (ืžื•"ื  ื,ืกื-ืกื‘). ืึทื—ึทืช ืœึฐืฉืึถื‘ึทืข ืฉืึธื ึดื™ื - ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉื›ื•ื•ื ืชื•: 'ืœืขืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช' (ืคื”"ืž ืคืจื” ื—,ื˜).

ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืชื•ืกืคื•ืชื™ื”


ื™ื‘ ืึตื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืจึทืฉึผืึธืึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืกึดื™ืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืขึทืœ ืฉืึฐืœืฉืึถืช ื”ึทืคึผึฐืกื•ึผืงึดื™ื, ื›ึผึฐื’ื•ึนืŸ "ื™ื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ ืึฒื‘ื•ึนืชึตื›ึถื ื™ึนืกึตืฃ ืขึฒืœึตื™ื›ึถื ื›ึผึธื›ึถื..." (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื,ื™ื) ื•ึฐื›ึทื™ึผื•ึนืฆึตื ื‘ึผื•ึน, ืœึนื ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ืจึธื ื•ึฐืœึนื ื‘ึผึฐืœึทื—ึทืฉื, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: "ืœึนื ืชึนืกึดืคื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ..." (ืฉื ื“,ื‘). ื‘ึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื” ืฉืึถื›ึผึธืœ ื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ืขื•ึนืœึถื” ืœึทื“ึผื•ึผื›ึธืŸ, ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืขื•ึนืงึตืจ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื• ืœึทืขึฒืœื•ึนืช, ืื•ึนืžึตืจ "ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืจึธืฆื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืœึผึฐืคึธื ึถื™ืšึธ ื™ื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ, ืฉืึถืชึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืฉืึถืฆึผึดื•ึผึดื™ืชึธื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผึฐืšึธ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืฉืึฐืœึตืžึธื”, ื•ึฐืึทืœ ื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ ืžึดื›ึฐืฉืื•ึนืœ ื•ึฐืขึธื•ื•ึนืŸ ืžึตืขึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึฐืขึทื“ ืขื•ึนืœึธื". ื•ึฐืงึนื“ึถื ืฉืึถื™ึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ื”ึธืขึธื, ืžึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ "ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื™ื™ ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื”ึธืขื•ึนืœึธื, ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืงึดื“ึผึฐืฉืึธื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐื“ึปืฉึผืึธืชื•ึน ืฉืึถืœึผึฐืึทื”ึฒืจึนืŸ, ื•ึฐืฆึดื•ึผึธื ื•ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผื•ึน ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืึทื”ึฒื‘ึธื”", ื•ึฐืึทื—ึทืจ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ืžึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืœึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ื•ึผืžึทืชึฐื—ึดื™ืœ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึธืŸ. ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉืึถืžึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ ืคึผึธื ึธื™ื• ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืึทื—ึทืจ ืฉืึถื”ึดืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื, ืื•ึนืžึตืจ "ืขึธืฉื‚ึดื™ื ื•ึผ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื’ึผึธื–ึทืจึฐืชึผึธ ืขึธืœึตื™ื ื•ึผ, ืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืขึดืžึผึธื ื•ึผ ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ. 'ื”ึทืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืคึธื” ืžึดืžึผึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ืงึธื“ึฐืฉืึฐืšึธ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื, ื•ึผื‘ึธืจึตืšึฐ ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผึฐืšึธ ืึถืช ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ' (ืฉื ื›ื•,ื˜ื•)".

ื™ื‘  ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื - ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื•. ืขื•ึนืงึตืจ ืจึทื’ึฐืœึธื™ื• - ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื ื•ืข ืžืžืงื•ืžื•. ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจ - ื™ืคื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ื• ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื. ืžึทื” ืฉึผืึถื”ึดื‘ึฐื˜ึทื—ึฐืชึผึธื ื•ึผ - "ื•ืื ื™ ืื‘ืจื›ื".

ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืžื™ืŸ


ื™ื’ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึถืžึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ื”ึทื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึดื™ื ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืœึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืœึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึธื, ื•ึผื›ึฐืฉืึถืžึผึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจึดื™ืŸ ืคึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทืฆึผึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ ืึทื—ึทืจ ืฉืึถืžึผึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื›ึดื™ืŸ - ืœึนื ื™ึทื—ึฒื–ึดื™ืจื•ึผ ืึถืœึผึธื ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื›ึธืœ ืžึธืงื•ึนื. ื•ึฐื›ึตืŸ ื›ึผึธืœ ืคึผื•ึนื ื•ึนืช ืฉืึถื™ึผึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืึธื“ึธื ืคึผื•ึนื ึถื” - ืœึนื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึผ ืึถืœึผึธื ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ.

ื™ื’  ื“ึผึถืจึถืšึฐ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืŸ - ืคื•ื ื” ืœื™ืžื™ื ื•. ืคึผื•ึนื ื•ึนืช - ืคื ื™ื•ืช.

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื” - ืกืคืจ ืื”ื‘ื”.
ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžืคืขืœ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”

ืžืคืขืœ ืžืฉื ื” ืชื•ืจื”
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ืžื”ื“ื™ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื•ืขื•ืจืš ืจืืฉื™: ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ื—ืื™ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™
ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ืžืฉื ื”: ื”ืœืœ ื’ืจืฉื•ื ื™, ื“"ืจ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืงืืจื”, ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื‘ื™ืจ ื˜ืœ, ื”ืจื‘ ืจื•ืขื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืงื™ืŸ
(c) ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืช.

ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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