ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช

ืฉืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’ืจื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช ื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ื

ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”
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9 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 36 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื”ืงื“ืžืช ื”ื ืขืฉื”
ืงืจืื ื• ืืช ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื. ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืคืจืฉื”, ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœืคืจืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช. "ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึผึทื— ืกึตืคึถืจ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืช ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ื‘ึผึฐืึธื–ึฐื ึตื™ ื”ึธืขึธื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื”' ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืข" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื“, ื–). ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืœื•ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืžื‘ืจื“ื™ืฆ'ื‘ (ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืœื•ื™) ืฉืงื•ื“ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืกืชืœืงื” ื–ื•ื”ืžืชืŸ. ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ื ื ืกืชืœืงื•, ื•ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉืจื• ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืื‘ื•ืช, ืžืขืฆืžื, ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ืฉืจื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืฉื ื™ ื›ืœื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื›ืฉื ื™ ืจื‘ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืขืฆืžื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”'.
ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง (ืขื™ืŸ ืื™ื” ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืง ื˜, ืคืกืงื” ืขื•) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื•ืง "ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื›ึผึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื“ึผึดื‘ึผึถืจ ื”' ื ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึถื” ื•ึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืข". ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉืžืขื• ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืืžืจื•: ืžื™ ื’ื™ืœื” ืจื– ื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื™, ืืžื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื, ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื. ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืงื•ื ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื ืืžืจ: "ื‘ึผึธืจึฒื›ื•ึผ ื”' ืžึทืœึฐืึธื›ึธื™ื• ื’ึผึดื‘ึผึนืจึตื™ ื›ึนื—ึท ืขึนืฉื‚ึตื™ ื“ึฐื‘ึธืจื•ึน ืœึดืฉืึฐืžึนืขึท ื‘ึผึฐืงื•ึนืœ ื“ึผึฐื‘ึธืจื•ึน" (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื’, ื›), ืงื•ื“ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื. ื”ืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ืœื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืขืžืงื” ื•ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืœื”. ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžืจื• ื ืขืฉื” ืงื•ื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” - ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”ื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื ืฉืžืข, ื ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ื”ื”ืฉื’ื”.
ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘
ื‘ืขืœ ื”"ืžืื•ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ื" ืžื‘ืืจ ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืื“ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ืืš ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ืชืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืจื“ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื•. ื›ืš ืกื“ืจ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื“ื•ืช. ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ืขืฉื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื’ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื—ืฉืง, ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื”' ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขื˜ ื—ืฉืง ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ. ืœื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื—ื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืขืœื™ื”. "ืžึดืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึทื— ืฉืึถืžึถืฉื ืขึทื“ ืžึฐื‘ื•ึนืื•ึน (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืงื™ื’, ื’), ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืขื ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ืื•ืจ, ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”' ืœืžืฆื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ืื ืื“ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื—ื™ื•ืช - ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื”. ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ื™ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืคืฉ ืืช ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืžืขื˜ ืฉื•ื•ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“.
ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืฉื ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ืœื™ืข ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื ื™ื—ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื—ืจ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– (ืฉืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœ).
"ื•ึฐืึตืœึผึถื” ื”ึทืžึผึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึดื™ื" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื, ื) ื•' ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ (ืคืกื—ื™ื ื”.). ืคืจืฉื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ืžืชืŸ ืชื•ืจื”. ื•ื–ื• ืœื ืจืง ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืืœื ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช. ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™-ืืžื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื• ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื“ืฉ. ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื•ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื”, ืื ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจื•ืช, ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ืจืช ืœื’ืžืจื™.
ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื›ืœ
ื”ืจื‘ ื‘"ืื•ืจื•ืช" ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื–ื” ืืžื•ืŸ, ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื–ื” ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•, ื–ื” ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืœื™ ืืžื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื•ื ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืœื™ ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืžืขื‘ื™ื“ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืœืžืขื‘ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœื• ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืฆืœ, ื•ื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ ืœื ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉ ืœืืฉืชื•, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืžื•ืŸ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช, ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ืืžื•ืŸ - ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื™ืฉื ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืงืœืงืœื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืœืงืœื•ืช, ืื™ืœื• ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืงื ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืคืขืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื, ื•ืžืคืฆื” ืื•ืชื ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื˜ื•ื‘. ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื• ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืคืจื ืกื”, ื•ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžื— ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—. ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ. ื•ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืžืขื‘ื™ื“ ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื›ืš, ื’ื ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืื– ื”ืžืคืขืœ ืžืชืคืชื—. ื’ื ื‘ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ื ืืœื• ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื–. ืื ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื—ืจ ื”ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื‘ืขืœ ืžื›ื•ืœืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื, ื•ืœื ืœื•ืงื— ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคืจื–ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืจืช ืื•ืชื ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื• ืชืžื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืคื”, ืžืฉืจืช ืื ืฉื™ื. ืื ื™ืคืขืœ ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืง ืœื ืจืง ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืœื ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืื ืฉื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜. ื•ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจืื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืขืชื ื“ืฉืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ื.
ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื ื–ืงื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“
ืคืจืฉืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื•ืืœ ื•ืฉื•ื›ืจ, ื•ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ, ืœื—ืคืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ืื™ืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื–ืง, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื›ืžื ื• ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื ืœื‘ืจื›ื”: "ื”ืื™ ืžืืŸ ื“ื‘ืขื™ ืœืžื”ื•ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ, ืจื‘ื ืืžืจ: ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ืื‘ื•ืช; ื•ืืžืจื™ ืœื”: ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช" (ื‘ื‘ื ืงืžื ืœ.). ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจื‘ื ืฉื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ ื™ืงื™ื™ื ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ืื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืื ืื“ื ื™ื‘ืจืš ื›ืœ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ื™ืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืืš ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื™ืœื™ ื“ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืœื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช? ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ืื•ืจ, ื”ืจื™ ืื ืื“ื ืœื ืžื–ื™ืง ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืœื ืื“ื ืจืข... ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื™ื–ื”ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ. ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื”ื™ื–ืง ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžืกืœืง ืื•ืชื•. ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื• ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืฉืœื• (ืข"ืค ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘, ื™ื‘) ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื–ืง ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืฉื’ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœื ื™ื•ื–ืง. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ื•. ื—ื–"ืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ืฉืžืชื ื” ื›ืžื›ืจ (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ื˜ื–.) ื”ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืชื ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืชื ื”. ืื ืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืœืคื™ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžืžื ื• ื ื–ืง ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข. ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ืช ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืื“ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืื™ืš ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื–ืง, ื•ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ื ื–ืง ื’ื ืื ื—ื‘ืจื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข. ื–ื”ื• ื—ืกื“ ืฉืœ ืืžืช. ื•ื›ืš ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื—ืกื™ื“ ืื—ื“ ืจืื” ืื“ื ืฉื–ื•ืจืง ืงื•ืฆื™ื ืžืจืฉื•ืชื• ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืืžืจ ืœื•: ืžื“ื•ืข ืืชื” ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืฆื™ื ืžืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืฉืœืš ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืš. ืขื ื” ืœื•: ืžื” ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืจื™ ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™ - ืœื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืฉื“ื”ื• ื•ื”ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื•ื ืชืงืœ ื‘ืงื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื• ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื•ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืฉืœื•, ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื• ืžื—ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืฉืœื•. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“. ื™ืฉ ืžืงืจื™ื ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœื ืชื™ืงื ื• ื•ื™ืฆื ืžื–ื” ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”' ื ื•ืจื. ืชืื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฉื›ืช ืื“ื ืœืงื—ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“. ืžื™ ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื•ืงืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืืช ื‘ืฆืข. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜, ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื™. ืœื ืœืจืฆื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืื™ื ื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืื“ื ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ. ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืœืงื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื.
ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื‘ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื”
ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืžืจืช: "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืคึฐื’ึผึทืข ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืึนื™ึดื‘ึฐืšึธ ืื•ึน ื—ึฒืžึนืจื•ึน ืชึผึนืขึถื” ื”ึธืฉืึตื‘ ืชึผึฐืฉืึดื™ื‘ึถื ึผื•ึผ ืœื•ึน" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’, ื“) ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ืœืื•ื™ื‘. ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ืื•ื™ื‘? ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื›ื™ืœืชื: ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืืฉื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘: "ื›ื™ ืชืฆื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ืš" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›, ื) ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืœื“ืขืชื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ืœื’ื•ื™. ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืœื ื ืคืกืง ื›ืžื•ืชื• ืืš ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื–ื” ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช. ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืขื” ื•ื“ืขื”. ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืื•ืžืจ: ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื’ืจ ืฉื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ ื•ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืชื—ืจื˜ ื•ื—ื–ืจ ืœืกื•ืจื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื•. ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืื•ืžืจ: ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ื™ื‘, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ืื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืฅ ืœื‘ื ืš ื•ืืชื” ื›ื•ืขืก ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืขื”. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื•ื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืžื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉืขื” ื–ื• ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืชืชืคื™ื™ืกื•, ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืœื• ืื‘ื™ื“ื” (ื™ืœืงื•ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ ืฉื ื‘). ืœื”ืœื›ื” ืžืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืžืกืคืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ (ื‘"ืž ื—): ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ื— ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื›ื•ืชื ื” ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“. ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœื• ื—ืžื•ืจ ืฉื™ืงืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื ืงื ื• ืœื• ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื• ืžืจื’ืœื™ืช. ื‘ืื• ืืœื™ื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืืžืจื•: ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืœื. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื: ืžื“ื•ืข? ืขื ื• ืœื•: ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื ื™ื ื• ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื ืžืฆืื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžืจื’ืœื™ืช. ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืจื‘: ื”ืื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื™ื“ืข ืžื–ื”? ืขื ื• ืฉืœื. ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ื ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื˜ื— ืฉื™ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ืช ืœื’ื•ื™. ืขื ื• ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืžื•ื›ืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ื™, ื•ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ืœื’ื•ื™. ืขื ื” ืœื”ื: ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ? ืœื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”', ืœื›ื• ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืื‘ื“ื”. ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ืช ืœื’ื•ื™, ื•ื”ื’ื•ื™ ืืžืจ: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืœื•ืงื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื›ืš ื”ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื.
ื”ื’ืžืจื (ืฉื) ืžืกืคืจืช ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ: ืื‘ื ื”ื•ืฉืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื•ื‘ืก ืœื™ื“ ื”ื ื”ืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ื’ื•ื™ื” ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื ืื•ืชื ื•ื‘ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื”. ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ืืœื• ืฉืžืฆื. ืืžืจ ืœื”: ืื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื“ื”. ืืžืจื”: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืงื™ื“ืฉ ืฉื ืฉืžื™ื.
ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžื•ื‘ื ื‘ื’ืžืจื (ืฉื): ื‘ืจื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื™ืกืจื™ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื. ื•ื™ืฆื ื›ืจื•ื– ืฉืžื™ ืฉื™ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ืจื” ื™ืคื” ืžืื“. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืฆืœื• ื™ืขืจืคื• ืืช ืจืืฉื•. ืžืฆื ืื•ืชื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื‘ืจ ืกื•ืกืจื˜ื™ื™. ื—ื™ื›ื” ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ื‘ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ. ืฉืืœื” ืื•ืชื•: ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ืืช ื›ืขืช ื”ืื ืœื ืฉืžืขืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ืจื–ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื? ืขื ื” ืœื”: ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืืš ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ืฉื›ืจ. ืืžืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืœื•ืง ื“ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืฉื™ื‘ื—ื” ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื”ืงื‘"ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืืœื• ืžืฆื•ื•ืช.
ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืœืชื ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืžื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ืœืื•ื™ื‘? ื‘ื ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืœื—ื ืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”' ื‘ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื“ื” ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืกืฃ. ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื ืš ืฉืืฃ ืฉืื ื™ ื›ื•ืขืก ืขืœ ื”ืžืื‘ื“ ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช, ืื ื• ืื—ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืื‘ื™ื“ื”. "ื›ึผึดื™ ืชึดืจึฐืึถื” ื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ ืฉื‚ึนื ึทืึฒืšึธ ืจึนื‘ึตืฅ ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธืื•ึน ื•ึฐื—ึธื“ึทืœึฐืชึผึธ ืžึตืขึฒื–ึนื‘ ืœื•ึน ืขึธื–ึนื‘ ืชึผึทืขึฒื–ึนื‘ ืขึดืžึผื•ึน" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื’, ื”). ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืขื–ื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื•, ืœื ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•. ืื‘ืœ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืžืคืจืฉ ืฉื›ืืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•. ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ: "ืืจื™ ืชื—ื–ื™ ื—ืžืจื ื“ืกื ืืš ืจื‘ื™ืข ืชื—ื•ืช ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื” ื•ืชืชืžื ืข ืžืœืžืฉืงืœ ืœื™ื” ืžืฉื‘ืง ืชืฉื‘ื•ืง ืžื ื“ื‘ืœื‘ืš ืขืœื•ื”ื™ ื•ืชืคืจื™ืง ืขืžื™ื”". ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืžื‘ืืจ ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ื›ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”: ืชืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื ืื” ื•ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื‘ืœื‘, ื•ืœืš ืชืขื–ื•ืจ. ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืžืื—ื“ืช
"ืึดื ื›ึผึถืกึถืฃ ืชึผึทืœึฐื•ึถื” ืึถืช ืขึทืžึผึดื™ ืึถืช ื”ึถืขึธื ึดื™ ืขึดืžึผึธืšึฐ ืœึนื ืชึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื ึนืฉืึถื” ืœึนื ืชึฐืฉื‚ึดื™ืžื•ึผืŸ ืขึธืœึธื™ื• ื ึถืฉืึถืšึฐ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื‘, ื›ื“). ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” (ืคืจืง ื•) ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืก ืืช ื”ื—ืกื“ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื™. ื•ื–ื• ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืืกืจื” ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื. ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืžืžืžื•ื ื• ืžืชื ื” ืœืฉื ื™. ื•ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœืœื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ. ื‘ืื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื—ืžื•ืจ ืžืื•ื“. ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช, ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื ืื—ื“. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืœืชืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœืขืฉื™ืจ, ืฉื–ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ื ื–ืงื•ืง ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•, ื•ืœืžื—ืจ ืืชื” ื–ืงื•ืง ื•ืฆืจื™ืš. ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืขื ืื—ื“. ื”ืขื–ืจื” ื”ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืืคืฉืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื–ื” ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื ืื—ื“. ืœื›ืš ื ืืžืจ: "ืึถืช ื›ึผึทืกึฐืคึผึฐืšึธ ืœึนื ืชึดืชึผึตืŸ ืœื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐื ึถืฉืึถืšึฐ ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึทืจึฐื‘ึผึดื™ืช ืœึนื ืชึดืชึผึตืŸ ืึธื›ึฐืœึถืšึธ, ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ืึฑืœึนื”ึตื™ื›ึถื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ื•ึนืฆึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืžึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธื™ึดื ืœึธืชึตืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืึถืช ืึถืจึถืฅ ื›ึผึฐื ึทืขึทืŸ ืœึดื”ึฐื™ื•ึนืช ืœึธื›ึถื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึดื™ื" (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื”, ืœื–-ืœื—). ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืžื”ืจ"ืœ (ืฉื) ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืืžืจ ื›ืืŸ "ืœืชืช ืœื›ื ืืช ืืจืฅ ื›ื ืขืŸ". ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ื•ืขื•ื ื”: ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืจืฅ ื ืขืฉื• ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื ื ืขืฉื• ืื—ื“, ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™. ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ื•ืžื•ื ืข ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืจืฅ ืื—ืช ื•ื›ื•ืœื• ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“. ื™ืฉ ื‘ืคืกื•ืง ื–ื” ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื“, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืœืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”' ืื—ื“ ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื—ืช. ื’ื ืžืฆื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื’ื ืžืฆื“ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื’ื–ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืœืื•ื•ื™ื ืžืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ื•ื”ื’ ื–ืืช ื‘ืชืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื”. ืœืขื•ืžืชื• ื”ื’ื–ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืจื™ื’. ื•ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืืช ื”ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ
ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื ืื—ื“. ื•ื’ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฆื™, ื•ื™ื—ื“ ื ืขืฉื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื. ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื—ืช, ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง, ื•ื”ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื. ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ, ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื›ื•ืœื” ื›ืื—ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ.
ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืžืฉื” ื ืชืงืฉื” ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ, ืขื“ ืฉื”ืจืื” ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืืฉ ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื” ื™ื‘, ื’). ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืืจ ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืœืฆื”, ืžืฉื” ื ืชืงืฉื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืช ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืชืœืžื“ ื—ื›ื ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืกืฃ. ืžืฉื” ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื” ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืฉืงืœ, ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื”. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฆื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืฆื•ืจืชื ื“ืžื˜ื‘ืข. ...ื›ืืฉืจ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ื›ืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ื•ื‘ื’ื“. ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ื”ืจื•ืฉื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืขืœื” ืœืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ืžื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœื‘ื™ืชื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ืขื•ืœื” ื ืกื™ืขื”. ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ืกื›ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื•ืœื ืกื•ืคืจ ื›ืžื” ืงื™ื‘ืœ.
ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืจืื” ืœืžืฉื” ืืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข. ื•ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืžื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉื”ืจืื” ืœื• ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืืฉ ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืงื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“ - ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื•ื ื— ืขืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•. ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืื—ื“ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื ื›ืกื ื”'. ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื–ื• ืžื‘ื˜ืืช ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืื—ื“, ื•ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.



^ 1.. ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืข"ื”.
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ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

ืจืืฉ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ, ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ืขืจื•ืฅ 7. ืžืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจืŸ ื”ืจืฆื™"ื” ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืœืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืžืœืื™ื ืœื—ืฅ ื›ืืŸ.
ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
     ืจ' ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›ืฅ (ื›ืฆืœ'ื”)
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืจื•ื ืจ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ืืœื™ื”
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ
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    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื—ืงืช

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 606

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข

    ืœื›ืœ ืื™ืฉ ื™ืฉ ืฉื. ืขืœ ื“ืช, ืจื ื•ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื›ืจืžืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ื—ืžื“ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช

    ืžื’ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื™, ื•ืขื™ืจื•ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ื‘ืฆืœืืœ ื“ื ื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • undefined
    ื—ืงืช

    ืœืžื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืคืš ืœื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ืกืจ ืขืจืš?

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืœื ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื”, ืฆืžื™ื—ื”

    ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืžืกืคืจืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ: ืขื•ืœื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืคืจื™ื—ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืœื›ืชื™ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื•ืจื™ ืกื“ืŸ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืฆื‘ื

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื ื”

    ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ื ืื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื. ืชื ืื™ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉื›ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืืจื™ืืœ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื

    ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืข | ื’ื ืื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืื‘ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืžื ื•ืช | ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”' ืžื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื | ื”ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืžืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ื‘ืจื "ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืžืจื”", ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช ืค"ืฉ

    ืคืจืคืจืื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ื-ืช-ืค"ืฉ ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช

    ื•ึทื™ึตึผืฉึถืื‘ ื‘ึฐึผืึถืจึถืฅ ื˜ื•ึนื‘. ืžื”ื™ ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ืฉืžื” | ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื™ื, ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ืžืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• | ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•, ื•ืจืง ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืขืžื“ ื•ืฉื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืชื• | ืจืื™ื” ื‘ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื— ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื’ื’ื”. ื•ืขื•ื“!

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ื™ืกื•ื“ ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช

    ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื’' ืคืกืงื” ื”-ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฉืชืช ืขืœ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ื•ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืขืœื•ืช ื•ื“ื‘ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืจ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™, ืฉืฉื™ืื• ื•ื”ืฉืœืžืชื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ืจืข ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฉืš ืœืื•ืจ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™

    ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ื

    ืžืืžืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืคืกืงื” ื–'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื ื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืื‘ ื•ืื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ืžื™ืœื”, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืฉื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™. ื“ืจืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืžืจื, ืคืกื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ืกืคืจ ื”ื›ื•ื–ืจื™, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช ื”ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื”ืขืœ-ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ | ื›"ื’ ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    33 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช

    ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื”ืงื“ืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืกื“ืจ ืงื“ืฉื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื“ืžื™ื ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืคื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื›ืœื™, ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื”, ืคืกืงื” ื–-ื—

    ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ื•- ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื“ื ื•ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘: ื”ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืืช ื–ื• ื‘ื”ื“ื“ื™ื•ืช.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื‘' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืกืœืข ืื• ื”ื›ืืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    10 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ื‘ืจื›ืช ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื - ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    1:00
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื—ืงืช ืชืฉืค"ื• โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    23 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ "ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘" ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื•ืžื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืืœ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืืจืช ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    35 ื“ืง'
    ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช

    ื ืคื™ืœืช ืืคื™ื™ื - ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื’ื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    7 ื“ืง'
    ื›ื”ื ื™ื

    ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    34 ื“ืง'
    ื—ืงืช

    ืกื•ื“ ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื•ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืขื•ืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืžื™ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื”ื˜ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืชื• ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจื‘ ืžืชืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืœื•ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฉืžื— ืืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืงืฃ ื‘"ืฉื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ืืจ" ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื’' ืชืžื•ื– ืชืฉืค"ื•
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    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ.ื™ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ

    ืžืœื—ืžืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”

    ืžืืžืจื™ ื”ืจืื™"ื” - ืžืืžืจ "ื ืื“ืจ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ" ืกืขื™ืฃ ื“'

    ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ื”ืคื™ืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ืœ' ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il