ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžืฉื ื” ื•ื’ืžืจื
  • ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืœื™
  • ื‘ื‘ื ื‘ืชืจื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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8 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืืžื•ืจืื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืื ืื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉืžื ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืจืข ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ื ื• ื ืืžืŸ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืฉืคืจืข. ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžื–ื“ืžื ื™ื ืœื• ืžืขื•ืช ื•ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืœื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื“ื•, ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื”.
ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื”ื™ ืกื‘ืจืช ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ื•ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื”. ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื•ื‘ืžื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืžื›ืœ ื“ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘.

ืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื”
ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื "ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•" ื•ืจ"ื™ (ื“"ื” ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข) ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉื“ืงื“ืง ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืข ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืืš ื‘ืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืคื•ืจืขื” ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื›ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช ื’ ืข"ื‘, ื ืืžืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืคืจืข. ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื•ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ , ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื , ื”ืจ"ืŸ ื•ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” . ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื—ื•ืœืง ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืืฃ ื‘ืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื ืืžืŸ.

ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื•
ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื ืจืื™ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื”. ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉืื“ื ืฉืžื— ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื• ืœื ืฆืœื ืœืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื™ื‘ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืœื™ ืงื‘ืขื• ื–ืžืŸ ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืžื” ืœื™ ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ืืš ื—ื–"ืœ ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืคืจื•ืข ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื• ื˜ืขื ื”ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื.
ื”ืชื•ืก' ืื™ื ื ืžื ืžืงื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืื•ืœื ื‘ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ืžื ืžืง: "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืคื™ืจืฉ ืœื• ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ืœื ื ืชื™ืืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื•ื”ืœื•ื” ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื• ืฉืžื ืฆืจื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืœืžืขื•ืช". ื’ื ืœื“ืจื›ื• ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ืฉืื ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื ืืœื ืฉืœื“ืขืชื• ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช ืื“ื ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืงื‘ืขื• ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื– ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื•ืฉ.
ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” (ื›ืœืœ ืขื• ืกื™' ื’) ืžื ืžืง ืฉื›ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกืชืžื ืงื‘ืขื• ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื™ื“ืข ืฉืขื“ ืื– ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืงื•ื“ื ืื•ืœื ื›ืฉืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืžืง ื’ื ื”ืกืž"ืข (ืขื— ืก"ืง ื). ื ืžืฆื ืฉืœื ื™ืžื•ืง ืจื‘ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ืžื•ืง ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ืœื•ื•ื”, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ื ืคืงื ืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื™ื–ื ืืช ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืฉืœืจื"ืฉ ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ืชื”ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื™ื”ื ื ืืžืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืคืจืข ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืขืชื• ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•.
ื”ืงืฆื•ืช (ืขื— ืก"ืง ื—) ื“ื—ื” ืืช ื ื™ืžื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกืž"ืข ืžื›ืš ืฉืžืฆืื ื• (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืงื‘ ืข"ื‘) ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–ืงื” ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืชืœ ืฉื ืคืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื“ืขืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช ืขื“ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืื™ื ื• ื ืืžืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืคืจืข. ื•ืžืกื™ืง ืžื›ืš ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ืš ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื ืœืคืจื•ืข ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืžืŸ. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืฉื’ื ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ืžื ื”ื’ ืœื ืœืคืจื•ืข ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื’ืจื ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื–ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื” ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื˜ืขื ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ืจืง ื‘ืืžื™ืจื” ืฉื›ืš ื”ืžื ื”ื’. ืขื•ื“ ืงืฉื” ืžื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ืชื” ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ, ื•ืื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืžื ื”ื’ื• ืงืฉื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“ ืœืจืขื”ื•. ืžืคืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ืง ืื•ืœื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื• ืฉืกื‘ืจ ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฆื“ื“ื™ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœื ืคืจืข, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ืกืž"ืข ืฉื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื›ื— ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช, ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื–ื”ื• ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื›ืกื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื™ ืื– ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื—ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืง ืœื”ื–ื“ืจื–, ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื”. ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื“ืขืชื• ืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืชื™ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช. ืื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืงืจื™ืช ืœืœื ืกื‘ืจื ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืชื” ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืœื•ื•ื” ืขื ื–ืžืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื’ื ืฉื ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื•ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ื•ื—ืฉ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื›ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืขื ื–ืžืŸ, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืืœื ืจืง ื™ืฉ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ื™ื ืœื ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื.
ื ืจืื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืž"ืข ืžืงื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืก' ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื. ื”ืชื•ืก' (ื“"ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื™) ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ืžื”ืžืฉื ื” (ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื˜ ืข"ื) ืฉื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืฉืœื ื ืคื“ื” ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื ืื™ (ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื ืงื‘ ืข"ื‘) ื”ืœื•ืžื“ ืžื›ืš ืฉื’ื ื‘ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื•ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืœื ืืช ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืฉืœื ืฉื™ืœื, ื•ืžืชืจืฆื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื• ืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืฉืืžืจื• ื›ืืŸ ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื“ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื’ื ืœื ื™ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืื• ื™ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ืจ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื’ื ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื•, ืืฃ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ, ืฉื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื’ื™ืœื” ื“ืขืชื• ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžืฆื“ ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื™ืจืฅ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืชื•ืก' ืจื"ืฉ (ื“"ื” ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ื–ืžืŸ).
ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ (ื“"ื” ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ื–ืžืŸ) ืžืชืจืฅ ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ืก' ืขืœ ืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ืจ ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื•ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื“ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืขืฉื” ืขื™ืžื• ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ ืื•ืœื ื‘ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคื™ ืฉืœื ืขืฉื” ืขื™ืžื• ื—ืกื“. ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืจืฅ 1 ืืช ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืงืฆื•ืช ื‘ื“ืขืช ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ื•ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืžื•ื“ื” ืœืื‘ื™ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืขืฉื” ืขื™ืžื• ื’ืžื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืกื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžืžื ื•, ืืš ื‘ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืชืœ ืฉื ืคืœ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื ืขืฉื” ืขื™ืžื• ื—ืกื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืข ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื‘ืงืฉื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ื”.
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื (ื—"ื ืกื™' ืœื‘ ืื•ืช ื) ื“ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื— (ืกื–, ื™ื’) ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ ืคืจืขื•ื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืžืฉืžื˜ืช ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืกืชื ืฉืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืกืชื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžื˜ืช. ื•ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื” ื”ื˜ืขื ื‘ื›ืš ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ, ื•ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ืจืฉืช ื—ื–"ืœ ื‘ืžื›ื•ืช ื’ ืข"ื‘: "ืงืจื‘ื” ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉืžื˜ื”... ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืš: ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื˜ื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื–ื•, ื•ืื™ื–ื• ื–ื•? ื”ืžืœื•ื” ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืจื• ืกืชื, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœืชื•ื‘ืขื• ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉืœืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื". ืžื“ืจืฉื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื“ ืื•ืžื“ื ื ืฉื‘ืกืชื ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืืœื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฆื“ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื™ื™ื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื”. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ืืœื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ื•ื‘ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘"ื— ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ื˜ื” ืžืฉืžื˜ืช ื—ื•ื‘ ื›ื–ื”.
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื–ื” ืžื‘ืืจ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื•. ื‘ืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœื ืคืจืข, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืกืชื ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื–ืžื ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื, ืืœื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ื—ืœ ืžื™ื“ ืืœื ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ.

ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžืžื•ืŸ ืžื›ื— ื”ื—ื–ืงื”
ืงื™ื™ืžื ืœืŸ ื›ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืจื•ื‘, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื›ื— ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ืžื”ืœื•ื•ื”, ื•ืžื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืื• ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘.

ื”ืื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช?
ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ืœื—ื–ืงื”.
ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื ื” ืื ืžื™ื’ื• ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืื• ืœื ื•ื ืฉืืจืช ื‘ืกืคืง. ื”ืชื•ืก' (ื“"ื” ืžื™) ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืžื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืงื™ื ืข"ื‘ ืฉื™ื‘ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื” ืœื ื ื‘ืขืœืชื™, ืื ื˜ืขื ื” ื›ืŸ ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืืš ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื ืœื ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื›ืš ืืœื ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื”, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžื™ื’ื• ืฉื™ื›ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืขืœื™ ืฉื‘ื›ืš ื ืืžื ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ื ื’ื“ื” ื—ื–ืงื” ืื™ื ื” ื ืืžื ืช.
ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ , ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ (ืกื“ ืข"ื‘) ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช (ืœื˜ ืข"ื) ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกืคืง ื”ื’ืžืจื ืืฆืœื ื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื›ื ืœื ืงืฉื” ืงื•ืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื•ืก', ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืงื˜ ื”ืฉ"ืš ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื™ื’ื• (ืกื™' ืคื‘), ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืฉื”ืชื•ืก' ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกืคืง ื–ื”.

ื”ืื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžื•ืŸ?
ืœืžืขืœื” ื”ืชืงืฉื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ืจื•ื‘. ืื•ืœื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžื•ืŸ, ื•ืœืค ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืงื•ืฉื™.
ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ (ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืกื•ืฃ ืกื™' ืงืฆื–) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžื•ืŸ, ืืš ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืžืกื™ื™ื’ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืžื—ื–ืงืช ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืœื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืœื• ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืื ืคืจืข.
ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ (ืก"ืง ืงื˜ื–) ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื• ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื‘ืืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื›ื ื’ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืคืจืขืชื™ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืคื™ืจืขื•ืŸ ืืš ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืžื—ืœืช ืœื™. ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืื™ื ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืคืจืข ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื˜ืขื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื’ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ (ื›ืžื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ), ื›ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื” ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื˜ืขื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื‘ืข ื›ื ื’ื“ ื—ื–ืงืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘.
ื”ืฉ"ืš (ืขื— ืกื•ืฃ ืก"ืง ื˜ื•) ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉื ื” ื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืœืœื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ืื•ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื•ื˜ืœ ืจืฉืื™ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื• ื”ื™ืกืช. ื”ืฉ"ืš ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื˜ืขื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืœืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืžืžื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ื—ื–ืงืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ื•ื˜ืœ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื• ื”ื™ืกืช. ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืจืื™ื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ื›ืžื• ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ืฉื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื”ื™ืกืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื•ื—ื–ืง. ื›ื™ืฆื“? ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช, ืฉืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืฉื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื. ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื™ ืžืกืชืžื ืœื ื ืคืจืข ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืชืคื™ืกื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื. ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ืืžื ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ืื•ืœื ืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืœืžื•ื—ื–ืง, ื•ืื ื›ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืชื•ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ. ืื•ืœื ื”ืฉ"ืš ืื™ื ื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืœืฉืืจ ืจื•ื‘, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืื™ืžืชื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืŸ ื•ืื™ืžืชื™ ืœื, ื”ืื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื–ืงื”? ื‘ืืœื• ื—ื–ืงื•ืช? ื”ืื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘? ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ (ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ ื”ืื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืื• ืฉื”ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™), ื•ืœืคื™ ื–ื” ืชื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื— ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ืืœื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื–ืงืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘.
ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืจื•ื‘, ืฉืืžื ื ืจื•ื‘ ืœื ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ืืš ื—ื–ืงื” ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืคื™ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืชื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ื’ืจ. ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื”ื• ื”ื’ื“ืจ ื”ืžื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืจื•ื‘. ื’ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฆื™ืื” ืžืžื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกื›ื™ื ืขื ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื‘ืื•.

ื’ื“ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืจื•ื‘
ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ (ื—"ื‘ ืื”"ืข ืกื™' ื›ื–) ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉืืฃ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืœื ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžื›ื— ื—ื–ืงื” ืงืžื™ื™ืชื ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื—ื–ืงืช ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ื‘ืื” ืžื›ื— ืกื‘ืจื ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืขื“ื™ื ื“ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืคืจืข. ืžืฉืžืข ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืžื—ืœืง ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ืžื›ื— ืกื‘ืจื (ืœืืคื•ืงื™ ื—ื–ืงื” ืงืžื™ื™ืชื) ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘, ืฉืจื•ื‘ ืœื ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื ื•ืื™ืœื• ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื›ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืžื•ืŸ ื›ืฉื ืฉืขื“ื™ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžืžื•ืŸ.
ื›ืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื’ืจ"ืฉ ืฉืงื•ืค (ืฉืขืจื™ ื™ืฉืจ ืฉืขืจ ื’ ืคืจืง ื’ ืื•ืช ืžื’). ืืžื ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืฉื—ื–ืงื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื›ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ืืš ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืœื—ื–ืงื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื—ื–ืงื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ื”ืจื•ื‘ ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ื”ื›ืจืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ. ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืœืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื’ืžืจื ื”ืกืชืคืงื” ืื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื™ื’ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ืื ืŸ ืกื”ื“ื™ ื•ื“ืื™ ืžื™ื’ื• ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœ, ืืœื ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ืžืฆื“ ืจื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืœืžื ืืœื ืžืฆื“ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ื•ืจืื™ื”.
ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ื” ืข"ื‘ ื“"ื” ืžื™) ืžื—ืœืง ืฉื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ืงื‘ืข ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืจื•ื‘, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืงื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืจื™ืฉื”, ื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื’ื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืงื•ื ื” ืœืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”, ืื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื–ืงืช ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืคื•ืจืขื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืงื‘ืข ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืคื•ืจืขื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืืžื ื ืื ื• ื›ืŸ ืจื•ืื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจืขื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืืš ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื ื™ื ื• ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืจื•ื‘ ืœื ืคื•ืจืขื™ื, ืฉืื ื›ืŸ ืื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ืงื‘ืข ืžื ื’ื“, ืืœื ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืกื‘ืจื ื•ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืกื‘ืจื ืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ืงื‘ืข ืœื”ืคืš. ืื ื›ืŸ, ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜ ืืœื ืฉื ื™ืžืง ื–ืืช ืžื˜ืขื ืื—ืจ.
ืœืžืขืœื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืงืฆื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืกืž"ืข ื•ื‘ื™ืืจ ืฉื”ื˜ืขื ืฉื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื” ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืคื•ืจืข ืชื•ืš ื–ืžื ื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื“ ืฉื’ื™ืœื” ื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื“ืขืชื• ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืžืขื•ืช, ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื•ื‘ืกืชื ื”ืœื•ื•ืื” ื”ืžื ื”ื’ ื›ืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืข. ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ืจื™"ื˜, ื”ื’ืจ"ืฉ ืฉืงื•ืค ื•ื”ื—ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ (ืืœื ืื ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืกื‘ืจ ื›ื ื™ืžื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฆืข ืœืขื™ืœ), ืฉื”ืจื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื.
ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืœื—ื–ืงื”, ืฉื”ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ืชื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื’ืžื•ืจ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ืจื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื—ื–ืงื”.




^ 1.ืจ' ืžืฉื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ. ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ืจืฉ"ื™ (ื“"ื” ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข) ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื˜ืจื— ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืชื ื• "ื‘ืžืœื•ื” ืฉื”ืœื•ื”ื•".
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il