ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ื•ืžื™ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
  • ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื™ืจ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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3 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืงื‘ืœื”

ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืจื•ื“ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•

ื”ืจืž"ืง (ืจื‘ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืจื“ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•) ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืจืค"ื‘ (1522). ืžืงื•ื ืœื™ื“ืชื• ืื™ื ื• ื™ื“ื•ืข, ืืš ืฉื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื•ืฆื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืงื•ืจื“ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืกืคืจื“.
ื”ืจืž"ืง ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฆืคืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 13 ื‘ืฉื ืช ืจืฆ"ื” (1535) ื•ืœืžื“ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ืืฆืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื•. ื”ืจืž"ืง ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืื—ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืœืžื” ืืœืงื‘ืฅ, ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื™ื•ื˜ โ€˜ืœื›ื” ื“ื•ื“ื™โ€™, ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืฆืœื• ืงื‘ืœื”. ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื—ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืฆืคืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื ืžื ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ, ืœื™ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™, ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืืฉ, ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” โ€˜ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื”โ€™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื’ืืœืื ื˜ื™. ืขื ื”ื’ืขืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืœืฆืคืช ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื™ื™ืจ ืื• ืกื™ื•ื•ืŸ 1570 ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืž"ืง ื‘ืžืฉืš ืชืงื•ืคื” ืงืฆืจื”, ืขื“ ืœืคื˜ื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืž"ืง ื‘ื›"ื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื– ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื”.
ื”ืจืž"ืง ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ื› 30- ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื”, ื•ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ืคืจื“ืก ืจื™ืžื•ื ื™ื , ื”ืžื‘ืืจ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืž"ืง ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืื•ืจ ื™ืงืจ . ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ืชื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืžื™ื•ืกื“ ืขืœ ื™"ื’ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœืกืคืจ ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉื—ื™ื‘ืจ, ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืืชื ื•, ื›ืชื‘ ืจื‘ื™ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื–ื•ืœืื™ ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช, ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื’ื ืœื•ึผ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืž"ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืกืง ืžื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื™ืœื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื›ืชื•ื‘. (ื”ืจืž"ืง ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉ"ืœ (1570)

ื”ืืจ"ื™
ื”ืืจ"ื™ [ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช: ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง (ืœื•ืจื™ื ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™)] ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืช ืจืฆ"ื“ (1534)
ื”ื•ื ื ืชื™ื™ืชื ืžืื‘ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ื™ืœื“, ื•ื™ืจื“ ืขื ืืžื• ืœืžืฆืจื™ื โ€“ ืฉื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”.
ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืช, ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉ"ืœ (1570) ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆืคืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืฉื ืœื™ืžื“ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืชื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืกื’ื•ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื‘ื”ื โ€“ ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ.
ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื›ืชื‘ ืžืขื˜ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœื”, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ. ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืช (ื‘ืืจืžื™ืช โ€“ 'ืื–ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื—ื™ืŸ' ืœืœื™ืœ ืฉื‘ืช, 'ืืกื“ืจ ืœืกืขื•ื“ืชื' ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•'ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ื›ืœื' ืœืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืคื™ื•ื˜ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช โ€“ 'ื™ื•ื ื–ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืจื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื”'. ืคื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืืœื” ื ื“ืคืกื• ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื), ื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืœื–ื•ื”ืจ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคืจืกื ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ืจื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ืกืคืจ ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืืช ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื“ื ื™ืฉืจ ื•ืžื‘ื•ื ืฉืขืจื™ื. ืžืขื˜ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื”ืžื•ืคืœื’ื™ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ: "ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™ื’ ื—ื›ืžื” ื–ื• [ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื“] ืขืœ ืืžืชืชื” ื›ืžื•ื”ื•, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ืžืฉื ื” ื•ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื•ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ืžื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ืคื ื™ื... ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื— ืื“ื ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื•ืžื” ืฉื—ืœื... ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ ื•ืขื ื•ื” ื•ื™ืจืืช ื”' ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื”' ื•ื™ืจืืช ื—ื˜ืื• ื•ื›ืœ ืžื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•... ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืœื™ื”ื• ื ื’ืœื” ืืœื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“...". ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘-ื”' ื‘ืื‘ ืฉืœ"ื‘ (1572)

ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ
ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืจื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉ"ื’ (1543) ื‘ืฆืคืช, ืœืขื™ืจ ืžืœืื” ื‘ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื. ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ื’ืœื” ืœืžื“ ืžื”ืจื‘ ืืœืฉื™ืš ื•ืžืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ื•ื ืกืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืขืœื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืœื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืืจ"ื™, ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ื—ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืกืชืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ืืจ"ื™ ื•ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื”ื—ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื. ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ืกืžืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชื•ืจืช ื”ืืจ"ื™ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืืจ"ื™ ืืžืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืจื“ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื“ืขืชื•. ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืฉืื•ืชื• ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื•ื ืขืฅ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ืื‘ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื›ืžืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื”. ื”ืฉืœ"ื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืืžืจ ืขืœ ืกืคืจ ื–ื” ืฉ"ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืจ ื›ื–ื”!". ื”ืจื‘ ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ื’ืœื”. ื ืคื˜ืจ ื‘-ืœโ€™ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ืฉ"ืค (1640)
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"ื•ื”ื‘ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœื ื ื™ืžื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืชืจื™"ื’ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช. ื•ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื™ื–ื”ืจ ืžืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืŸ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื•ืœื ืชืขืฉื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ืงืœ ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ืช" (ืžืชื•ืš โ€˜ืฉืขืจื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉื”โ€™ ืœืจื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื˜ืืœ).
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il