ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืš
  • ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืฉืžื•ืช
  • ืฉืžื•ืช
undefined
14 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 62 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ื”ึธื‘ึธื” ื ึผึดืชึฐื—ึทื›ึผึฐืžึธื” ืœื•ึน ืคึผึถืŸ ื™ึดืจึฐื‘ึผึถื”
ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื’ืœื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืคืจืขื” ืžื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื”ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื“ื™ื“ื• ื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืืช ืจื•ื— ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœื” ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืžืจืขื‘ ื•ืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฆืจื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืกื™ื, ืขื•ื“ ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืขืจื™ ื”ืžืกื›ื ื•ืช. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืจืง ืจืข. "ื”ึดื ึผึตื” ืขึทื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืจึทื‘ ื•ึฐืขึธืฆื•ึผื ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผื•ึผ: ื”ึธื‘ึธื” ื ึผึดืชึฐื—ึทื›ึผึฐืžึธื” ืœื•ึน ืคึผึถืŸ ื™ึดืจึฐื‘ึผึถื”" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื).
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉืฉื ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืง ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ืฉื ื•ืœื“. "ื•ึทื™ึฐืฆึทื• ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนื” ืœึฐื›ึธืœ ืขึทืžึผื•ึน ืœึตืืžึนืจ ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึตืŸ ื”ึทื™ึผึดืœึผื•ึนื“ ื”ึทื™ึฐืึนืจึธื” ืชึผึทืฉืึฐืœึดื™ื›ึปื”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืช ืชึผึฐื—ึทื™ึผื•ึผืŸ" (ืฉืžื•ืช ื ื›ื‘) - "ื’ื ืขืœ ืขืžื• ื’ื–ืจ" (ืจืฉ"ื™). ืœืœืžื“ืš ืฉื’ื–ื™ืจืช "ื“ื™ืœื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ" ื—ืœื” ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืžืฉื”ื• ืื™ื“ื™ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืžืขื•ื•ืช.
ืœืขื•ืžืชื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื•ืช, ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื›ื ื” ืื•ืชืŸ: "ื›ึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื›ึทื ึผึธืฉืึดื™ื ื”ึทืžึผึดืฆึฐืจึดื™ึผึนืช ื”ึธืขึดื‘ึฐืจึดื™ึผึนืช ื›ึผึดื™ ื—ึธื™ื•ึนืช ื”ึตื ึผึธื”" - ืžืœืื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื”ื‘ืช ื—ื™ื™ื. ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ื ืžื™ื ื•ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื•ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ืืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื.
ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึฐืคื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึตืฉื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถื
ื”ืจื™ื’ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ืคืชื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื ืขื ื™ืช, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ืžื–ื‘ื—ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืขื™ื“ื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืื•ืžืจืช: "ื›ึผึดื™ ื’ึทื ืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื•ึฐืึถืช ื‘ึผึฐื ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึฐืคื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึตืฉื ืœึตืืœึนื”ึตื™ื”ึถื" (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื‘ ืœื). ื”ืคื—ื“ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืื›ืœื• ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื’ืจื ื’ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื™ืœื•ื“ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื›ื” ืืžืจ ืืจื™ืกื˜ื•: "ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืจื’ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”". ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ืฆื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ื•ืœืื‘ื“ ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืžืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืื“ืžื” ื•ืœื’ื–ื•ืœ ืืช ืจื›ื•ืฉื. ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœื.
ืคืฆืฆืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ โ€“ ืคืฆืฆืช ื“ืžื”
ื”ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ื’ื ืœื“ื•ืจื ื•. ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1968 ืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉื "ืคืฆืฆืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ" ืฉื”ื–ื”ื™ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืจื™ื›ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืจื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฅ, ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช. ืื ืœื ื ืžื ืข ื™ืœื•ื“ื”, ืœื“ืขืชื•, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ืชืจื—ืฉื• ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื ื‘ื ืฉืื ืœื ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš 10 ืขื“ 20 ืฉื ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ.
ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ืจื›ืฉ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืฆื• ืืช ืื–ื”ืจืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื” ืฉืœื• ืœืžืžืฉืœื•ืช, ื•ืืœื• ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืžื™ื“ ื‘ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื•ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื”. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืขืชืง ื”ื•ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ืžื ื™ืขื”. ืืœืคื™ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืœื”ืคืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืงืžื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ื ื•ืจื ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืื ืœื ื ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืฆืœืชื•, ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื™ืจื“ื”.
ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื›ื›ืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื•
ื”ืื ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืื• ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงืŸ? ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ืงืžื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ื’'ื•ืœื™ืืŸ ืกื™ื™ืžื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ื™ืงืจื•ืก ืื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื• ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืœื”ืคืš, ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื™ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื”ืชืขืฆื ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช 1980 ืขืจื›ื• ื’'ื•ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืฉื™ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 1990 ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฉ ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช: ื ื—ื•ืฉืช, ื›ืจื•ื, ื ื™ืงืœ, ื˜ื•ื ื’ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืœ. ืกื™ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืฉืขืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืกืœ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืช ื™ืจื“ ืขื“ ืฉื ืช 1990, ื•ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื™ืขืœื•.
ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ื‘-1990, ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื˜ืขื” ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื™ืชื• ื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืฉืืžืจื• ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื•ื™ืœื“ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื, ื•ื‘ืœืฉื•ื ื: "ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื›ื›ืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื•". ื–ื›ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ืขื ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœื• ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื” (ื ื“ื” ืœื ืข"ื‘).
ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
ืื ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื, 50 ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืกืคืจ ื ื›ืชื‘, ื ื’ืœื” ืฉื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื. ื›ืš ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจื™ื: ื‘ืฉื ืช 1968 ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื 3.5 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ืœื 7.7. ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“, ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืจืขื‘ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื•ืœื ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื ื‘ื•ืื•ืช ื”ื–ืขื ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื•, ื”ืคื•ืš ืœื’ืžืจื™. ื›ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขืœื” ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื™ ืืจื‘ืขื”. ื”ืชืœ"ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืขืœื” ืž-19,000 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1968 ืœืชืœ"ื’ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ 87,000 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืขื•ืœื”, ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืขื•ืœื”, ืชืžื•ืชืช ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ื™ื•ืจื“ืช, ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื’ื“ืœื• ื•ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืคืœื•ืช โ€“ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ื™ื
ื“ื ืขืงื, ืฉืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ื•ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ื”ื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื. ืœืคื ื™ 10 ืฉื ื™ื ืืžืจ ืคื•ืœ ืืจืœื™ืš ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ "ืคื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ" ื›ื™"ื”ืคื’ื ื”ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ ืžื“ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“" . ืœืœืžื“ืš ื›ื™ ืžืื– ืคืจืขื” ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืื’'ื ื“ื” ื•ืœื ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.
ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ืื•ื‘ืžื” ืžื™ืžืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขืฉื” ื˜ืจืืžืค ื”ื•ื ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืžืกืžืš ืฉืžืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ืคืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืขืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืœ"ื’ ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืž-56,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื‘ืจืง ืื•ื‘ืžื” ืœืฉื™ื ืฉืœ 59,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื ืคืฉ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื˜ืจืืžืค ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืกืงืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคืœื•ืช.
ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื™ืœื•ื“ื” - ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื”
ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื–"ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื‘ืื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื’ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื”. ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืฆืžืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ืคืกื™ื“ื• ื‘ืจื›ื”. ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ืง ืฉืฆืžืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืฆื ื—ื”. ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืœื ืคืฉ ื”ื•ื 9,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื ืคืฉ. ื‘ืจื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื•ื 11,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื ืคืฉ. ืœืฉื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื”, ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ืœื ืคืฉ ื”ื™ื ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืจื•ืกื™ื” ื•ืกื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ืชืœ"ื’ ื‘ื”ืชืื, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-40,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื ืคืฉ. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืกืจ ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืœื•ื“ื” ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื’ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•. โ€ƒ
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ื•ึผ
ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ืžื™ื
ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืฆืืฆืื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื” ื•ื”ืชื‘ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื‘ืจื™ืืชื•: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืœึฐืžื•ึน ื‘ึผึฐืฆึถืœึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึธืจึธื ืึนืชื•ึน ื–ึธื›ึธืจ ื•ึผื ึฐืงึตื‘ึธื” ื‘ึผึธืจึธื ืึนืชึธื: ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธืจึถืšึฐ ืึนืชึธื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืœึธื”ึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ืคึผึฐืจื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืœึฐืื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื›ึดื‘ึฐืฉืึปื”ึธ ื•ึผืจึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึดื“ึฐื’ึทืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื•ึผื‘ึฐืขื•ึนืฃ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึธืœ ื—ึทื™ึผึธื” ื”ึธืจึนืžึถืฉื‚ึถืช ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื).
ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื• ืžืฆื˜ื•ื•ื” ื’ื ื ื—: "ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธึฃืจึถืšึฐ ืึฑืœึนื”ึดึ”ื™ื ืึถืชึพื ึนึ–ื—ึท ื•ึฐืึถืชึพื‘ึผึธื ึธึ‘ื™ื• ื•ึทื™ึผึนึงืืžึถืจ ืœึธื”ึถึ›ื ืคึผึฐืจึฅื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ึ–ื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดืœึฐืึฅื•ึผ ืึถืชึพื”ึธืึธึฝืจึถืฅ". ื•ื ืืžืจื” ื’ื ืื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื”: "ื•ึฐืึทึจืšึฐ ืึถืชึพื“ึผึดืžึฐื›ึถึคื ืœึฐื ึทืคึฐืฉืึนึฝืชึตื™ื›ึถืึ™ ืึถื“ึฐืจึนึ”ืฉื ืžึดื™ึผึทึฅื“ ื›ึผึธืœึพื—ึทื™ึผึธึ–ื” ืึถื“ึฐืจึฐืฉืึถึ‘ื ึผื•ึผ ื•ึผืžึดื™ึผึทึฃื“ ื”ึธึฝืึธื“ึธึ—ื ืžึดื™ึผึทื“ึ™ ืึดึฃื™ืฉื ืึธื—ึดึ”ื™ื• ืึถื“ึฐืจึนึ–ืฉื ืึถืชึพื ึถึฅืคึถืฉื ื”ึธึฝืึธื“ึธึฝื: ืฉืึนืคึตืšึฐึ™ ื“ึผึทึฃื ื”ึธึฝืึธื“ึธึ”ื ื‘ึผึธึฝืึธื“ึธึ–ื ื“ึผึธืžึฃื•ึน ื™ึดืฉึผืึธืคึตึ‘ืšึฐ ื›ึผึดึšื™ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึถึฃืœึถื ืึฑืœึนื”ึดึ”ื™ื ืขึธืฉื‚ึธึ–ื” ืึถืชึพื”ึธืึธื“ึธึฝื: ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถึ–ื ืคึผึฐืจึฃื•ึผ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ึ‘ื•ึผ ืฉืึดืจึฐืฆึฅื•ึผ ื‘ึธืึธึ–ืจึถืฅ ื•ึผืจึฐื‘ื•ึผึพื‘ึธึฝื”ึผ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื˜).
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ืžืจื ืคื™ืจืฉื• ืืช ื”ื›ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืจื›ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืื—ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื•. "ืชื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืื•ืžืจ: ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ืžื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ื ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืื“ื ื“ืžื• ื™ืฉืคืš', ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืจื™ื”: 'ื•ืืชื ืคืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื•'. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื•ืžืจ: ื›ืื™ืœื• ืžืžืขื˜ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื›ื™ ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื”ื™ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื', ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืชืจื™ื”: 'ื•ืืชื ืคืจื•' ื•ื’ื•โ€™. ื‘ืŸ ืขื–ืื™ ืื•ืžืจ: ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ืžื™ื ื•ืžืžืขื˜ ื”ื“ืžื•ืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ: ื•ืืชื ืคืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื•" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื’ ืข"ื‘).
ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ืœืคื—ื•ืช
ื›ืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืืจื• ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื–ืจ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื' ืกืขื™ืฃ ื): "ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืจื‘ื•ืช. ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื›ืืœื• ืฉื•ืคืš ื“ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืžืขื˜ ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช, ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉืชืกืชืœืง ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ".
ืขื•ื“ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืขืจื•ืš (ืื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื–ืจ ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ื) "ืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืื“ื ืžืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” - ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื. ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ืฉื ื™ ื–ื›ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ื‘ืจืื'" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืกื ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘. ื•ืจืื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืค"ื• ื”"ื•).
ื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื - ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืขืฆืžื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื”
ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื”ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•. ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืขืฆืžื” "ื•ืœื™ืงื•ื—ื™ืŸ ืืœื• ืžืฆื•ืช ืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื•'" (ืค"ื ืžืื™ืฉื•ืช ื”"ื‘), ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืจื™"ื’. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืžื ื™ืช ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืจื™"ื“. ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ืžืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื ืฉื•ื™. ื•ืœืžื”? ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื™ื ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. "ื"ืจ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืฉื” ืื™ื ื• ืื“ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ: 'ื–ึธื›ึธึฅืจ ื•ึผื ึฐืงึตื‘ึธึ–ื” ื‘ึผึฐืจึธืึธึ‘ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื‘ึธึฃืจึถืšึฐ ืึนืชึธึ—ื ื•ึทื™ึผึดืงึฐืจึธึคื ืึถืชึพืฉืึฐืžึธืึ™ ืึธื“ึธึ”ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึ–ื•ึนื ื”ึดื‘ึผึธึฝืจึฐืึธึฝื'" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื’ ืข"ื).
ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื, ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื: ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืชึทื ึฐื—ื•ึผื ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื—ึฒื ึดื™ืœึทืื™, ื›ึผึธืœ ืื“ื ืฉืึถืึตื™ืŸ ืœื•ึน ืึดืฉึผืึธื”, ืฉืึธืจื•ึผื™ ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื”, ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื”; ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึธื”, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื“) "ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืžึทื—ึฐืชึผึธ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืชึถืšึธ". ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ื‘ึฐืจึธื›ึธื”, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ืžื“) "ืœึฐื”ึธื ึดื™ื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐืจึธื›ึธื” ืึถืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืชึถืšึธ". ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึธื”, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘) "ืœึนื ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ื”ึฑื™ื•ึนืช ื”ึธืึธื“ึธื ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผื•ึน". ื‘ึผึฐืžึทืขึฒืจึธื‘ึธื ืึธืžึฐืจึตื™, ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืชื•ึนืจึธื”, ื•ึผื‘ึฐืœึนื ื—ื•ึนืžึธื”. ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืชื•ึนืจึธื”, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื•) "ื”ึทืึดื ืึตื™ืŸ ืขึถื–ึฐืจึธืชึดื™ ื‘ึดื™ ื•ึฐืชื•ึผืฉืึดื™ึผึธื” ื ึดื“ึผึฐื—ึธื” ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึดื™". ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ื—ื•ึนืžึธื”, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ื™ืจืžื™ื” ืœื) "ื ึฐืงึตื‘ึธื” ืชึผึฐืกื•ึนื‘ึตื‘ ื’ึผึธื‘ึถืจ". ืจึธื‘ึธื ื‘ึทืจ ืขื•ึผืœึธื ืึธืžึทืจ, ืึทืฃ ื‘ึผึฐืœึนื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื, ื“ึผึดื›ึฐืชึดื™ื‘, (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื”) "ื•ึฐื™ึธื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื ืึธื”ึณืœึถืšึธ" ื•ึฐื’ื•ึน' (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื‘ ืข"ื‘).
ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ - ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉื”
ื‘ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืจื"ืฉ ืฉืืœ ืœืžื” ืœื ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” "ืืฉืจ ืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืฆื•ื ื• ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืฉื”" ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงืฉื”: ื”ืจื™ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื "ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืงึดื“ึผึฐืฉืึธื ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืžึดืฆึฐื•ึนืชึธื™ื• ื•ึฐืฆึดื•ึผึธื ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึธืขึฒืจึธื™ื•ึนืช ื•ึฐืึธืกึทืจ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึฒืจื•ึผืกื•ึนืช. ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึผึดื™ืจ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึถืช ื”ึทื ึผึฐืฉึนื•ึผืื•ึนืช ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื—ึปืคึผึธื” ื‘ึฐืงึดื“ึผื•ึผืฉืึดื™ืŸ. ื‘ึผึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื”' ืžึฐืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืขึทืžึผื•ึน ื™ึดืฉึนึฐืจึธืึตืœ ืขึทืœ ื™ึฐื“ึตื™ ื—ึปืคึผึธื” ื‘ึฐืงึดื“ึผื•ึผืฉืึดื™ืŸ", ื•ืฉืืœ ืขืœ ื›ืš "ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื›ื” ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื–ืืช ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืกืจ ืœื ื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ื”ืœื ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืžื‘ืจืš 'ืฉืืกืจ ืœื ื• ืื‘ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ื˜'? ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื” ืขื ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืขืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืืŸ, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžื” ืœื• ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืคื” ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ืช ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื ื—ื•ืคื”?".
ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช
ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขื ื” ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื•ืืžืจ: "ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื›ื” ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื” ื›ื™ ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื”". ื•ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ "ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื ืชืงื ื” ืœืชืช ืฉื‘ื— ืœื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉืงื“ืฉื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื•ืชื™ื• ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืขืžื™ื ื•ืฆื•ื ื• ืœืงื“ืฉ ืืฉื” ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช ืœื ื•, ื•ืœื ืื—ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช. ื•ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื• ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืืจื•ืกื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืคื” ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื˜ืขื” ืื“ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื ืชืงื ื” ืœื”ืชื™ืจื” ืœื•, ืœื›ืš ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื• ื—ื•ืคื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืชืจืช ื”ื›ืœื”, ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื• ื—ื•ืคื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉื•ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืคื” ืฉืื—ืจ ื‘ืจื›ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ืŸ" (ืชื•ืก' ืจื"ืฉ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื– ืข"ื‘).
ืœึนื ืชึนื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืจึธืึธื”ึผ ืœึธืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ื™ึฐืฆึธืจึธื”ึผ
ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ื•ืžืฉื•ืœืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื•. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื” (ืคืจืง ืžื” ื™ื—): "ื›ึผึดื™ ื›ึนื” ืึธืžึทืจ ื”' ื‘ึผื•ึนืจึตื ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึทื™ึดื, ื”ื•ึผื ื”ึธืึฑืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื™ึนืฆึตืจ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐืขึนืฉื‚ึธื”ึผ, ื”ื•ึผื ื›ื•ึนื ึฐื ึธื”ึผ, ืœึนื ืชึนื”ื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืจึธืึธื”ึผ ืœึธืฉืึถื‘ึถืช ื™ึฐืฆึธืจึธื”ึผ ืึฒื ึดื™ ื”' ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนื“". ื•ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ื”ื• ืืœื ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘. ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’'ื•ื ื’ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื‘ืจ, ืืœื ืฉื“ื•ืช ื•ื›ืจืžื™ื, ื‘ืชื™ื, ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ืขืจื™ื ื•ื“ืจื›ื™ื.
ืืœื” ืฉืœื ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืขื™ื“. ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืกื ื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ (ื›ื“ ืข"ื‘): "ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื”ืคืกื•ืœื™ืŸ - ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœื•ื” ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืžืคืจื™ื—ื™ ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื•'. ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”: ืื™ืžืชื™ - ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืŸ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืืœื ื”ื•ื, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื - ื›ืฉืจื™ืŸ". ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉื”ื ืคืกื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืœื ืขืกื•ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืš ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ื—ื•ืฉืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ - ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœื“.
ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืขื‘ื“ - ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื
ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืขื“ ืฉื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื’ื ืืฆืœ ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืžื›ืกืคื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื•ื™ื™ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื•ื›ืš "ืžื™ ืฉื—ืฆื™ื• ืขื‘ื“ ื•ื—ืฆื™ื• ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ โ€“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืช ืจื‘ื• ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ. ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื: ืชืงื ืชื ืืช ืจื‘ื•, ื•ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœื ืชืงื ืชื, ืœื™ืฉื ืฉืคื—ื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืฆื™ื• ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ. ืœื™ืฉื ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ โ€“ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฆื™ื• ืขื‘ื“. ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ โ€“ ื•ื”ืœื ืœื ื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืœื ืœืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืžื”) ืœื ืชื”ื• ื‘ืจืื” ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”! ืืœื: ืžืคื ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืคื™ืŸ ืืช ืจื‘ื• ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืฉื˜ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืฆื™ ื“ืžื™ื•. ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื™ืœืœ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™" (ืคืกื—ื™ื ืคื— ืข"ื).
ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืžืชื• - ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืœื“ืช ืขื•ื“
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉื ืœืžื“ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื—ื‘ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืœืžื“ื• ืžื›ืืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื“ื™ ืœืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืœื ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืžืจื "ืื™ืชืžืจ: ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืžืชื•, ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ: ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ: ืœื ืงื™ื™ื. ืจื‘ ื”ื•ื ื ืืžืจ ืงื™ื™ื, ืžืฉื•ื ื“ืจื‘ ืืกื™, ื“ืืžืจ ืจื‘ ืืกื™: ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื - ืขื“ ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ื›ืœ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ืฉื ืืžืจ: ื›ื™ ืจื•ื— ืžืœืคื ื™ ื™ืขื˜ื•ืฃ ื•ื’ื•'; ื•ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, 'ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”' ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ, ื•ื”ื ืœื™ื›ื" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื‘ ืข"ื). ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ ืืกื™ ืขืฆื ื”ืœื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช. ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืžืชื• - ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืœื“ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
ื•ืจืื” ื‘ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ืš
ืขื•ื“ ืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื. ื›ืš ืคืกืง ื”ืฉื•"ืข (ืืข"ื– ื ื”): "ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ืกืจื™ืก ืื• ื”ื ืงื‘ื” ืื™ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช". ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ื•' "ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื• ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ื•ืžืชื• ื•ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ื‘ื ื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”. ื‘ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื›ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืžื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ื–ื›ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืชื• ื•ื”ื ืงื‘ื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื•, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืžืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช, ื•ืžืชื•, ื•ื”ื ื™ื— ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื”, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื” ื–ื•".
ื’ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืœ "ืœืฉื‘ืช ื™ืฆืจื”" ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืฉืžืกืคืจืช ืขืœ ืžื’ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ื’ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื–ื•. ื•ืœืžืฉืœ ื ื•ื›ืจื™ื. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืžืจื: "ืื™ืชืžืจ: ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ, ืจ' ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ: ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืืžืจ: ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”. ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืืžืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ื“ื”ื ื”ื•ื• ืœื™ื”; ื•ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืืžืจ ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ื’ืจ ืฉื ืชื’ื™ื™ืจ - ื›ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื“ืžื™" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื‘ ืข"ื). ืกื‘ืจืช ืจื™ืฉ ืœืงื™ืฉ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื’ืจ ื™ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื? ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื• ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื’ื•ื™ ื”ื ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”.
ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนืงึถืจ ื–ึฐืจึทืข ืึถืช ื–ึทืจึฐืขึถืšึธ ื•ึฐืœึธืขึถืจึถื‘ ืึทืœ ืชึผึทื ึผึทื— ื™ึธื“ึถืšึธ
ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืœื“ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื’ื ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืงื”ืœืช (ื™ื) "ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนึ™ืงึถืจึ™ ื–ึฐืจึทึฃืข ืึถืชึพื–ึทืจึฐืขึถึ”ืšึธ ื•ึฐืœึธืขึถึ–ืจึถื‘ ืึทืœึพืชึผึทื ึผึทึฃื— ื™ึธื“ึถึ‘ืšึธ ื›ึผึดื™ึฉ ืึตึฝื™ื ึฐืšึธึจ ื™ื•ึนื“ึตึœืขึท ืึตึฃื™ ื–ึถึคื” ื™ึดื›ึฐืฉืึธืจึ™ ื”ึฒื–ึถึฃื” ืื•ึนึพื–ึถึ”ื” ื•ึฐืึดืึพืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถึฅื ื›ึผึฐืึถื—ึธึ–ื“ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดึฝื™ื". ืœืžื“ื• ืžื›ืš ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœืื“ื ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืš ื‘ื’ืžืจื: "ื“ืชื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืื•ืžืจ: ื ืฉื ืื“ื ืืฉื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• โ€“ ื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ื–ืงื ื•ืชื•, ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื• โ€“ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืงื ื•ืชื•, ืฉื ืโ€™ 'ื‘ึผึทื‘ึผึนึ™ืงึถืจึ™ ื–ึฐืจึทึฃืข ืึถืชึพื–ึทืจึฐืขึถึ”ืšึธ ื•ึฐืœึธืขึถึ–ืจึถื‘ ืึทืœึพืชึผึทื ึผึทึฃื— ื™ึธื“ึถึ‘ืšึธ ื›ึผึดื™ึฉ ืึตึฝื™ื ึฐืšึธึจ ื™ื•ึนื“ึตึœืขึท ืึตึฃื™ ื–ึถึคื” ื™ึดื›ึฐืฉืึธืจึ™ ื”ึฒื–ึถึฃื” ืื•ึนึพื–ึถึ”ื” ื•ึฐืึดืึพืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถึฅื ื›ึผึฐืึถื—ึธึ–ื“ ื˜ื•ึนื‘ึดึฝื™ื'".
ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื” ืขื•ืœื
ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช. ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ: " ื•ื”ื ืžื™ืœืชื ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื , ืื‘ืœ ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื™ื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื™ื”". ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘ ื’ื ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ื”ืœโ€™ ืื™ืฉื•ืช ื˜"ื• ื˜"ื–(: "ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืื“ื ืžืฆื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื˜ืœ ืžืœืคืจื•ืช ื•ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื—, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ืคืฉ ืื—ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื” ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฉื‘ ืื“ื ื‘ืœื ืืฉื” ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ, ื•ืœื ืชืฉื‘ ืืฉื” ื‘ืœื ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ืชื—ืฉื“".
ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”
ื”ื’ืžืจื ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืžื’ื™ืœื” (ื›ื– ืข"ื) ืื•ืžืจืช: "ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืืœื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื”". ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ. ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื”ืื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ืื• ืจืง ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ื™ื˜ ืข"ื‘) ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉืืช ืื™ืฉื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช. ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœื™ื• ื•ืœื“ืขืชื• ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉืืช ืื™ืฉื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื›ื“ืขืช ื”ืจื™"ืฃ ื ืคืกืง ื‘ืฉื•"ืข: "ืืข"ืค ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœื ืืฉื”, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื ืื ื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื•, ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื; ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื ืื"ื› ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื - ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื - ืœื ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ืืœื ื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืœื ืืฉื”" (ืฉื•"ืข ืืข"ื– ื ื—).
ื”ืจืž"ื ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืขืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืืช ืื™ืฉื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช. "ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื - ื™ืžื›ื•ืจ ืก"ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื". ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžื•ืืœ (ืกื™ืžืŸ ื ืก"ืง ื˜ื–) ืคืกืง ื›ืžื• ื”ืจืž"ื ื•ื›ืš ื›ืชื‘: "ื”ืจื"ืฉ ื›ืชื‘ ื“ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ ื“ืงื™ื™ื ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืื•ืจ ื•ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื•ื”ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื ื•ื”ื "ื™".
ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืžืžื—ืœื•ืงืช
ื”ืจืž"ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ืชืจื•ืžืช ื”ื“ืฉืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืชื‘: "ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื•ืžืชื™ืจื ืฉืื ื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ื‘ืื• ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืฉืชื•, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ืœื ืืฉื” ืžืฉื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื–ื• (ืช"ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืจืก"ื’). ืžื›ืืŸ ืžืฉืžืข ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืชื— ื•ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื ืฉื•ื™, ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื ืฉื•ื™ ืœืื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื™ื.
ื‘ื ื™ื ื“ื•ื—ื™ื ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ
ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื’ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืืช ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืชืœื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” "ื ืฉื ืืฉื” ื•ืฉื”ื” ืขืžื” ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืœื“ื” - ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ. ื’ื™ืจืฉื” - ืžื•ืชืจืช ืœื™ื ืฉื ืœืื—ืจ, ื•ืจืฉืื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ืขืžื” ื™' ืฉื ื™ื" (ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืกื“. ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืœื ื›ื•ืคื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ืฉื›ืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื). ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืจืฉ ืจืง ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ืžื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื - ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืจืฉ ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืื—ืจื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืœื“ื”.
ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื - ื™ื—ื›ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืจื’ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืืฉืชื•
ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจืช "ืžืชื” ืืฉืชื• - ืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ืื—ืจืช ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื’' ืจื’ืœื™ื. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ื - ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื• ืœื™ืฉื ืืฉื” ืœืืœืชืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืจื‘ื™ื”". ืžื›ืืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืคื˜ื™ืจืช ืืฉืชื•, ืœื ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืืœื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจื• ื’' ืจื’ืœื™ื.
ื’ื ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื
ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืœื ื• ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ื™ืจืช ืคืจืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืืžืฅ ื”ืขื™ืœืื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื ืฆื— ืื•ืชื•. ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ื›ื•ื— ืœื“ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื ื’ืืœื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžืฆืจื™ื, ื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ืจื ื• ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ืฆื“ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื–ื›ื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ื™ื’ืืœื• ืžืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื ืื•ืจ ื•ืชืฉืจื” ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืืžืŸ.

ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
ื•ึทื™ึดึผืชึตึผืŸ ื”' ืœึธื”ึผ ื”ึตืจึธื™ื•ึนืŸ
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืื•ืœ ื“ื™ืžืจื™: ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืจื™ื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืืœื™ ืื™ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื”: ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืคืœ. ื‘ื“ืงื ื• ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจื•ืคื ื’ื ื™ืงื•ืœื•ื’. ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื ื• ืœืงื—ืช ืื ืคื•ื ื“ืงืื™ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืจื—ื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ืงื•ืœื˜, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”. ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืคืœื, ื•ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื•.
ื”ืชืงืฉืจืชื™ ืœืจื‘ ื–ืฆ"ืœ ื•ืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืฉืžืข ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘: ืชืŸ ืœื” ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืฉืœืงื—ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ื›ื ืกืช ื•ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื” ืฉื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืจื—ื, ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืœื ื™ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื” ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”: ืื ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœ, ืœื ื™ื–ื™ืง.
ื‘ืฉืขื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืžืชื— ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”, ืžื’ื™ืข ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืœื ื ื•ืคืœ. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืขืœื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืœื˜ืจืกืื•ื ื“, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืฆืชื”. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื” ืชืื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืกื ื“ืง.
ื›ืœ ืื‘ื ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื‘ื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ืžื™ ื›ืžื•ื”ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžื” ืงืฆืจื” ื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืœื”ื•ืฉื™ืข ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”, ื•ื›ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•.
ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื”ืืžื ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืจื‘ื”. ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”. ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืžื–ื›ืจืช ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื”. ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ. ืœื ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื’ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื‘ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื” ืืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืชืฃ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ื•ื™ืœื“. ื’ื ื”ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื” ื‘ืŸ ืžืงืกื™ื.
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื” ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืขื•ื“ ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื”. ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื” ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืคื™ืœื” ืคืขื ืื—ืจ ืคืขื. ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืฉื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื” ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขื•ื“ ืžื˜ืคื—ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”. ื”ืจื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉืœื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ืฉืœื• ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื”. ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืจื‘ ืืžืจ, ื ืชืชื™ ืœื” ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ื•ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื” ื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข ื”ื™ื ืงืจืื” ืœื• ืืœื™ื”ื•.
ืขื“ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื›ืจืš ื—' ืฉืœ "ืื‘ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ืืœื ืฉืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืชืงืฉืจื” ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืื•ืœ ื“ื™ืžืจื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื™ ื•ืืžืจื”: ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื’ื™ืœ 43, ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื›ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืช. ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืขื–ืจืช ืœื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœื—ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืืœื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืžื˜ืคื—ืช. ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื™ืžืจื™ ื ืชืŸ ืœื” ืžื˜ืคื—ืช, ื•ื”ื ื” ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืœื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ. ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ืจื’ืฉืช ืžืื•ื“, ืกื™ืคืจื” ืฉืœื ื ืชื ื• ืœื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื’ื™ืœื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ืงืจื” ืœื” ื”ื ืก.

ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”
ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ื” ืฉืžื—ื”, ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ืจื›ื”.ืœืžื” ื”' ืฆืจื™ืš ืื•ืชื ื• ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœื? ืœืžื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ื ื™ืชื—ืชื ื• ื•ื™ืžื•ืชื• ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”?
ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื”ืจื™ ืื“ื ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ืงื™ื. ื•ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืžื• ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื ื—ื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื ื ื—ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืคืงืจื™ื ืฉืขื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืฆื™ื“ื.

ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœืชื™ื ื•ืง ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืจื—ื ืืžื•?
ื–ื”ื• ืžื ื”ื’ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืจืš ื•ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื™ื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื“ืชื™ื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื›ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆื™ืง ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื˜ืจื™ื“.






ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il