ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืžื“ื•ืจื™ื
  • ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”
  • ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ
  • ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื
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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžื‘ื•ืจืš ืฉื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”, ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”. ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจ ื”' ืœืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื™ื“ ืื•ืชื• ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื”: "ื•ื™ืืžืจ ื”' ืืœ ืื‘ืจื: ืœืš ืœืš ืžืืจืฆืš ื•ืžืžื•ืœื“ืชืš ื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ืš ืืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจ ืืจืืš. ื•ืืขืฉืš ืœื’ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืื‘ืจื›ืš ื•ืื’ื“ืœื” ืฉืžืš ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื•ืื‘ืจื›ื” ืžื‘ืจื›ื™ืš ื•ืžืงืœืœื™ืš ืืื•ืจ ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ืš ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื‘, ื-ื’). ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื“ืข ื”' ืืช ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื”', ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸึพืกื•ืคื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื•ืื‘ืจื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืขืฆื•ื ื•ื ื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ื’ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ืฆื•ื•ื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื• ืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ืฉืžืจื• ื“ืจืš ื”' ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฆื“ืงื” ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื”' ืขืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืืช ืืฉืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•" (ืฉื ื™ื—, ื™ื—-ื™ื˜). ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื”' ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœืื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื›ืชื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื” ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื ืงื™ื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื—ืœืช ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ื˜ื•ื‘.
ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ืื™ืจ ืืช ื™ืžื™ ื’ืœื•ืชื ื• ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื ื• ื›ื•ื— ืœืกื‘ื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื™ื•ื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื•ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฆื ื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื”, ื ื™ืจืฉ ืื•ืชื” ื•ื ืคืจื™ื— ืืช ืฉืžืžื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื”ืืจืฅ ืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชืช ืืช ื™ื‘ื•ืœื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืชืชืคืฉื˜ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืื“ืžื”.

ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ: ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื• ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก. ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช ืฉื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืื“ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืก ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื, ื•ื’ืจืžื” ืœื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ. ืจืง ื‘ื ื™ื”ื, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืขืœ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื”ื ืก, ื–ื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืœ ืื•ืชื”. ื’ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืื ื ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”' ื™ืงื‘ืฆื ื• ืœืืจืฆื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื ืก ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืœ"ื—ื˜ื ื”ืžืจื’ืœื™ื", ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ื ืขื ื• ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืืจืฅ, ื•ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื’ื•ืœื” ื•ื“ื•ื›ืื• ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืžื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ ื•ื ืจืฆื—ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ืืฆื™ื ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื”ื, ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื ืก ื•ื”ืชื‘ื•ืœืœื• ื‘ื’ื•ื™ื™ื.
ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœืฉื ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื•, ื•ื”ืื“ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื™ืฆืจื™ื•, ื ื˜ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื›ื™ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ื™ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื”ืขื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื™ื–ื›ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ืื• ืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืžืช ื•ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืš ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื“ื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ - ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžืชืจื‘ื”, ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืžืœืื™ ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื (820)
ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“
703 - ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ ืฉื”ื ื—ื™ืœ ื ื—
704 - ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ
705 - ื’ื™ื•ืจื™ ื•ื™ื ื” โ€“ ื”ืขืœื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช
ื˜ืขืŸ ืขื•ื“
ื”ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื”ืฉืขื”
ื‘ื—ืกื“ื™ ื”', ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื ืคืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื, ื–ื›ื™ื ื• ื•ืงืžื” ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื ืคืœืื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื”. ื ื ืกื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”.
ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”: ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ืื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื—ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื•ื–ื›ื• ืœื‘ืจื›ื”. ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืจืฉืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•, ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื” ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ืขืžืœื•. ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื—ื ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ืš ื ื–ื›ื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื ืืžื ื™ื, ื•ืชืจื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”.
ืืžืช ื•ืžืฉืคื˜: ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ ืืžืช, ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื ื•. ืฉื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ื™ืฉืœื ืืช ืžืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื•ืœื ื™ืขื›ื‘ ืืช ืฉื›ืจื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘. ื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืกื•ื—ืจื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืœื ื™ื•ื ื• ื•ืœื ื™ืจืžื•. ื”ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืŸ ื•ืœืื• ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืื•.
ืื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ืฉื™ ืœืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืืžืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืจืžื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืื• ืœื”ืชืขืฆืœ ื•ืœื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘. ืœื›ืŸ ื ืฆื˜ื•ื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขื ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืื›ืคื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ ืฆื“ืง, ื ืงื™ื™ ื›ืคื™ื™ื, ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืื• ืคื ื™ื ืœื—ื–ืงื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื—ื–ืงื” ื•ืืžื™ื ื” - ื›ืš ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžืจืืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืื ื™ื ืกื• ืœืจืžื•ืช, ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืชืžื ืข ื–ืืช ืžื”ื. ื•ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืชื’ืœืขื• ืกื›ืกื•ื›ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช, ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฆื“ืง, ืฉื™ื ื™ื— ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืขืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืืžืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื›ื•ืœื” ืชืฉื’ืฉื’, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืชืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ื–ื•ื, ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข, ืœืจืงื•ื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืจื‘ื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื™ืชืžืขื˜ื• ื”ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ื•ืชืจื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ืœืชืคืืจืช ื”ืขื ื•ื”ืืจืฅ.
ืžื“ืข: ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขืฆื•ื ืœืžื“ืข, ืขื“ ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื—ืกืจ ืœืื“ื ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืื—ืช ืžื—ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืš ื—ืกืจ ืœื• ื›ื ื’ื“ ื–ื” ืขืฉืจืช ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” (ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืฉื ื”ื’ืจ"ื). ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืฉื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืžื“ืข ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืื“ื, ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื• ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื•, ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืขืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืจื‘ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื“ืขื™ื, ื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืœืคื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•, ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืข ืœืฉื ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื•ืœืฉื ื”ื˜ื‘ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื–ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ืขื ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืจืžื• ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื™ืขืžื™ืงื• ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื•ื™ืจื—ื™ื‘ื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ื›ื•ืœื ืœื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื•ืœื”.

ืขืจื›ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”
ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ืขื“ ืฉืืžืจื• ืฉืื™ืฉ ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื–ื›ื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช, ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ืช ืžืชื’ืœื” ื‘ื–ืขื™ืจ ืื ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ืฉ ื™ื“ืื’ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื” ื•ืœืฉืžื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื• ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืขืฆืžื•, ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื“ืื’ ืœืจื•ื•ื—ืชื• ื•ืœืฉืžื—ืชื• ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ื•ืื’ืช ืœืขืฆืžื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื•ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” 'ืคืจื• ื•ืจื‘ื•'. ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืชื•ืจื” - ื‘ืŸ ื•ื‘ืช, ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืืจื‘ืขื”, ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืžื”ื“ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ื”. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื•ืžื ื’ื“, ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื. ื”ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื’ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืคื’ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืขื•ื ื’ ื•ืžื ื•ื—ื”, ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•, ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืขืจ ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื ืืžื ื”, ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ืžืขืฆื™ืžื”, ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื ืš ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื“ืจื›ื. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื, ื•ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื—ื ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื, ืœื”ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื”ื, ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื•ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœืขื.
ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื ืš ืœืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืœืžื“ืข ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช.
ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ืœืง ื›ื™ื•ื: ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืชืคื•ืจืจืช ื•ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ืขื™ื›ื” ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช, ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืžื–ื“ืงื ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื ื’ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื ืคื’ืขืช. ืžื ื’ื“, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื ื—ืฉืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฆื•ืžื—ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืžื“ืขื™ืช, ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืžื“ืขื™ืช. ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื›ืš ื ื–ื›ื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื›ืื—ื“, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ืงื“ืžื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืชึพื”ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืชืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืชืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืชึพืžื“ืขื™ืช.

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืจื›ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื™ืฉื ื” ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขื™ืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื”, ืฉืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื”. ืžืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ื’ื ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืจืื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื— ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื•ืช. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืŸ ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื: ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืฉืžืžื ื• ื”ืžื‘ื•ืข ืœื›ื•ืœ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ื—ืง ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžื“ืข ืืœื ืžืขืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืžืจื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืœื ืชืžื ืข ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ืฉืขืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ืžื ืขื• ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื›ื™ ืžื•ืกืจ ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื”.

ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”
ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ืœื™ื›ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช, ืฉืืจ ืจื•ื— ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืฆื“ืง ื•ื—ืกื“ ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืขืจืš ืœื™ื—ื™ื“, ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช ืœืžื“ืข, ื—ืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืคืจื™ื” ืœืื•ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžืจืฅ ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื. ืื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชืž"ื’ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืฆืžื— "ืจืง" ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื“ืขื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช "ืจืง" ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ืช ืชื™ืžืฉืš ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช - ืชื•ืš ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื™ื ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืืจืฆื• ื™ืžื ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืขืจื›ื™ืช, ืžื“ืขื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื™ืฉืชื•ืงืงื• ืœืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืฆืืฆืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืื‘ื“ื• ืœื ื• ื‘ืœื—ืฅ ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื‘ืงืฉื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื”ื ื•ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขืžื ื•ืœืืจืฆื. ื•ืขื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขืฆื•ื ื•ืจื‘ ื™ื‘ืฉืจ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืฆื“ืง ืœืขื•ืœื, ื™ืกืœื•ืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื•ืกืจื™ ื•ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช, ื™ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื’ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื: "ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื—ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”' ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื”ืจื™ื ื•ื ื™ืฉื ืžื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ื•ื ื”ืจื• ืืœื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื. ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื›ื• ื•ื ืขืœื” ืืœ ื”ืจ ื”' ืืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ ื™ืขืงื‘, ื•ื™ื•ืจื ื• ืžื“ืจื›ื™ื• ื•ื ืœื›ื” ื‘ืื•ืจื—ื•ืชื™ื•, ื›ื™ ืžืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฆื ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื”' ืžื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื‘, ื‘-ื’).

ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ 'ื‘ืฉื‘ืข'
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ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“

ืจืืฉ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื”ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ืจื‘ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื‘. ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืกื“ืจืช ืกืคืจื™ "ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื”".
  • ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืชืฉืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืชืฉืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื

    ืื‘ ืชืฉืค"ื’
  • ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืฆื‘ื™ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืื”

    ืชืฉืข"ื“
  • ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ

    ืื™ื™ืจ ื”ืชืฉืข"ื”
  • ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ื“ืขืช ื”ืžื—ืžื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืจ

    ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื‘
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืงืžืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืกื‘ืชื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืจื•ื—ื ืกืžื•ื˜ืจื™ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื‘ืจื™ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื ื—ืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื ื’ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื›ืฉืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื™ื“ืœื™ืงื ื• ืžืืฉ ืžืฆื•ื™ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ ืืช ืจื›ื‘ื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื” ื’ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืื ื ืฆืจืš ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื˜ื™ื•ืœื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš
    40 ื“ืง'
    ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืœืจืžื‘"ื

    ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืืœ ื”ืžืœืš

    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 5

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื•ื‘ืžืฉืœ ื”ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืžืชื•ืš "ืžื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื", ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” ืœื”' ื•ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ ื•ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื. ื“ืจืš ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ืฉืขื”, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขืžื•ืง, ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“ | ื•' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื
    57 ื“ืง'
    ืงื•ืœ ืฆื•ืคื™ืš - ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•

    ืคืจืฉืช ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืชืฉืคื– โ€“ ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ - ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"
    36 ื“ืง'
    ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื“ื•ืข ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ื”ืื“ื - "ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื ื™ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื"

    ื”' ืžื ืกื” ืืช ืื‘ืจื”ื ืžื“ื•ืข? ื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
    ืจื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื

    ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื• ืื™ื ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืจืื•ื™, ื™ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื• | ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ื ื ืื• ื‘ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืื ื”ื ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช | ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื–ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื”ืขื™ื“ื•ื“, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืขืก | ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื›ืื•ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืžืœืžื“ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”
    ื”ืกื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืœื›ื•ืชื™ื”

    ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืกื•ื›ื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ื™ื—ื™ ืงืฆื™ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”"ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฉื” ืœืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ, ื–ื‘ื•ืœื•ืŸ, ื™ืฉืฉื›ืจ ื•ื’ื“ ื‘ืคืจืฉืช "ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื”". ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ืžื ื•ืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ืœืฆื“ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื ื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื ื•ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจืชื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื•' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกื•ื“ ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืกื•ื“ ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื

    ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืจืฉืช ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืื•ืจื™ ื”"ืื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื" ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ ื’ื“, ื“ืŸ ื•ืืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืจืื” ืžืฉื” ืืช ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ืจ ื ื‘ื•, ืคื˜ื™ืจืชื•, ื•ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื”ืคืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื–' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–
    ื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ

    ืžืืžืจ ื›ื™ืคื•ืจ ืคื–

    ื”ืจื‘ ื ืชื ืืœ ื™ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ
    ืฉื•"ืช "ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื–ืง"

    ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจ"ืœ

    ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขืœื•ืŸ ื—ืžื“ืช ื™ืžื™ื | ืื™ื™ืจ ื”'ืชืฉื "ื—
  • ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื•

    ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• โ€“ ืขื ื–ื• ื™ืฆืจืชื™

    ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžื’ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื•ื”ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืกื’ื•ืœืชื•

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื—ื™ ื–ืื’ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜
    30 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ

    ืžื›ืื‘ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจืง ื–, ื– | ืคืจืง ื—, ื-ื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชื— ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืื‘ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ื—ื˜ื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ื“ืจืš ืคืกืงืื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื”ืžืจื•ืžื ืืช ื”ืื“ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืจืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ | ื“' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”
    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”

    ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ื”ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”

    ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื”: ืžืฆืžื™ื—ืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ืŸ. ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืœื’ืžืจื ื•ืœื—ื˜ื ื ื“ื‘ ื•ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื, ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉื’ื ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืš ืืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืืคืจื™ื•ืŸ | ื’' ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—
    26 ื“ืง'
    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ

    ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ ื“ืฃ ืงืœ"ื—

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    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“
    ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ

    ืืฃ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ื—ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื’ ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉื™ ื˜ื—ืŸ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il